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Wenlu Zou,1– 3,* Jie Lu,4,* Yan Hao5 1Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250021, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Infectious Disease; 3Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Jinan, 250117, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yan Hao Email haoyan02_09@sina.comAbstract: Under physiological conditions, immune checkpoint molecules downregulate the activation and effector function of myocardial antigen-reactive T cells through an immunosuppressive pathway, thus enabling myocardial T cells to maintain immune homeostasis under the action of central and peripheral tolerance mechanisms. The PD-1/PD-L1 signalling pathway is particularly important for limiting the ability of T cells to attack the heart. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) specifically block this PD-1/PD-L1-mediated restriction of T cell activation and other immunosuppressive pathways by targeting immune checkpoints. In recent years, with the wide use of ICIs in cancer treatment, even though the incidence of immunomyocarditis is low, it has attracted increasing attention because of its complex clinical symptoms, rapid progression of disease and high mortality rates. The pathogenesis, genetic susceptibility factors and predictive biomarkers of immunomyocarditis still need to be understood, and multidisciplinary cooperation in the clinical treatment of this complication is necessary.Keywords: immunomyocarditis, immune checkpoint inhibitors, anti-PD-1/PD-L1, cancer

A theoretical and experimental study of the diffraction radiation oscillator (DRO) is reported in this paper. It is the first work or its kind in China. Through a series of analysis and experimental observation for the sphere-cylindrical open cavity and the manufactured device in the Chengdu laboratory, the main experimental results are those from 2000V to 4000 V, the tube operates in the 60-87GHz band; the maximum output power is about 800 mW; and the minimum starting current is 35 mA. The quality factor of the quasi-optical resonator with the grating is 4800-6500 for the TEM02q, mode

Theoretical and experimental study of Diffraction Radiation Oscillator (DRO) is reported in this paper, it is the first work done in P. R. China. The sphere-cylindrical open cavity used in the DRO has been analysed, the method for testing the field profile and the cold measurement of the open cavity have been worked out. The experimental device was manufactured in our lab. and the theoretical analysis and experimental study of the device have been carried out. The main experimental results are: from 2000 V to 4000 V, the tube operates in the 60–87 GHz band, and the maximum output power is about 800 mW.