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Iron deficiency anemia （IDA） is a common type of anemia in childhood caused by iron deficiency due to varying causes, which can result in a decline in the synthesis of hemoglobin. IDA will adversely affect the growth and development of children. Hepcidin exerts a negative regulatory effect on iron metabolism. Recent studies have shown that hepcidin can be used as one of the biomarkers for early diagnosis of IDA and the response evaluation. Vitamin D exerts a direct or indirect inhibitory effect upon hepcidin. Lack of vitamin D is one of the common triggers for anemia in children, and the degree of vitamin D deficiency is positively correlated with the degree of anemia. Combined therapy of vitamin D and iron exerts preventive and therapeutic effect on IDA. In this article, the correlation between the hepcidin and vitamin D levels in IDA children and their significance in the diagnosis and treatment of IDA were reviewed, aiming to provide novel diagnostic and therapeutic ideas for the clinical management of pediatric IDA.

Objective To investigate the expression of fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) in Chinese patients with malignant melanoma and its correlation with hematologic ratios. Methods Lesional skin samples were collected from 23 Chinese with malignant melanoma ( melanoma group), and skin samples from 10 normal subjects served as controls (normal skin group) . The expression of FMRP was observed using immunohistochemical(IHC) staining, and two scoring methods (H-Score and IRS) were used to evaluate the expression levels. The relationship between FMRP and different pathological grades and stages of malignant melanoma was assessed. The association of FMRP with some hematological ratios, such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio ( NLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio ( LMR) and systemic inflammatory markers ( SIM ) in patients with malignant melanoma were analyzed. Results The expression levels of FMRP in the melanoma were significantly higher than that in the normal skin ( P < 0. 05 ) . But H-score and IRS scales were not correlated with Clark level, Breslow thickness, and melanoma stage(P >0. 05) . Expression levels of FMRP were positively correlated with NLR and SIM, while negatively correlated with LMR. Conclusions FMRP is highly expressed in cutaneous malignant melanoma and its expression levels are significantly correlated with NLR, SIM, and LMR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Selective detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is vital for studying their role in brain diseases. Fluorescence probes can distinguish ONOO− species from other ROS; however, their selectivity toward ONOO− species depends on the ONOO− recognition group. Aryl‐boronic acids and esters, which are common ONOO− recognition groups, are not selective for ONOO− over H2O2. In this study, we developed a diaminonaphthalene (DAN)‐protected boronic acid as a new ONOO− recognition group that selectively reacts with ONOO− over H2O2 and other ROS. Three DAN‐protected boronic acid (DANBA)‐based fluorophores that emit fluorescence over visible to near‐infrared (NIR) regions, Cou‐BN, BVP‐BN, and HDM‐BN, and their aryl‐boronic acid‐based counterparts (Cou‐BO, BVP‐BO, and HDM‐BO), were developed. The DANBA‐based probes exhibited enhanced selectivity toward ONOO− over that of their control group, as well as universality in solution assays and in vitro experiments with PC12 cells. The NIR‐emissive HDM‐BN was optimized to delineate in vivo ONOO− levels in mouse brains with Parkinson's disease. This DAN‐protected boronic acid belongs to a new generation of recognition groups for developing ONOO− probes, and this strategy could be extended to other common hydroxyl‐containing dyes to detect ONOO− levels in complex biological systems and processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The skin regulates body processes. When damaged, it is prone to breeding bacteria, causing inflammation and impeding wound healing. There is an urgent need for new dressings that can combat bacteria to aid in infectious wound repair., Methods: In this study, a curcumin-loaded nanocomposite hydrogel dressing (GelMA/AHA-Gel@Cur) with antibacterial properties and strong toughness was synthesized, designed to combine the modified gelatin-based hydrogel (GelMA/AHA) with curcumin-coated gelatin (Gel@Cur) nanoparticles to promote the healing of bacterial infection wounds. Under UV irradiation, methylacrylylated gelatin (GelMA) and aldehyaluronic acid (AHA) formed a composite network hydrogel through radical polymerization and Schiff base reaction. Meanwhile, the residual aldehyde group on the molecular chain of AHA securely locked Gel@Cur nanoparticles in the hydrogel network through Schiff base reaction., Results: The addition of Gel@Cur nanoparticles not only enhanced the hydrogel's mechanical strength but also facilitated a sustained, gradual release of curcumin, endowing the composite hydrogel with robust antimicrobial capabilities. In an animal model of infected wounds, the composite hydrogel significantly improved wound closure, healing, and vascularization compared to the control group. Hemocompatibility tests confirmed the hydrogel's safety, with a hemolysis ratio of just 0.45%. Histological evaluation following treatment with the composite hydrogel showed improved tissue architecture, increased collagen deposition, and regeneration of dermal gland structures., Conclusion: The GelMA/AHA-Gel@Cur composite hydrogel exhibits excellent mechanical properties, potent antimicrobial activity, and controlled drug release, along with superior cell and hemocompatibility. These characteristics make it a promising material for infected wound repair and a potential candidate for clinical skin regeneration applications., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no potential conflicts of interest regarding the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article., (© 2024 Fu et al.)