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Anillin (ANLN), a mitotic protein that regulates contractile ring assembly, has been reported as an oncoprotein. However, the function of ANLN in cancer cells, especially in the nucleus, has not been fully understood. Here, we report a role of nuclear ANLN in gene transcriptional regulation. We find that nuclear ANLN directly interacts with the RNA polymerase II (Pol II) large subunit to form transcriptional condensates. ANLN enhances initiated Pol II clustering and promotes Pol II CTD phase separation. Short-term depletion of ANLN alters the chromatin binding and enhancer-mediated transcriptional activity of Pol II. The target genes of ANLN-Pol II axis are involved in oxidoreductase activity, Wnt signaling and cell differentiation. THZ1, a super-enhancer inhibitor, specifically inhibits ANLN-Pol II clustering, target gene expression and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cell proliferation. Our results reveal the function of nuclear ANLN in transcriptional regulation, providing a theoretical basis for ESCC treatment., Competing Interests: Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests., (© 2025. The Author(s).)

The investigation of plasmonic chirality is a profound and intriguing topic, and the distinctive morphology of intrinsically chiral nanoparticles has prompted significant interest in the structure-activity relationship between particle morphology and chirality. In this work, the anisotropic etching of chiral helical gold nanorods (HGNRs) by a cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)-HAuCl 4 complex was observed with an interesting bidirectional variation of intrinsic chirality that initially enhanced and subsequently weakened, which was related with the diversity in CTAB distribution. In addition, an ultrasensitive and convenient sensing platform for acetylcholinesterase was developed based on the circular dichroism signal recovery of HGNRs caused by the dual inhibition of HGNR etching. The distinctive etching process and mechanism of chiral nanoparticles offer new insights into understanding the structural features and biochemical applications of the plasmonic intrinsic chirality, which could be applied to the acquisition of chiral nanoparticles and sensitive detection platform based on chiral signal changes.

In recent years, there has been an increasing research focus on the luminol-H 2 O electrochemiluminescence (ECL) system due to its ability to address the instability and toxicity of H 2 O 2 , which are common issues associated with the conventional luminol-H 2 O 2 ECL system. To enhance the ECL efficiency of the luminol-H 2 O system, researchers have developed electrocatalytic materials with exceptional oxygen evolution reaction (OER) properties to facilitate water electrolysis into O 2 to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and act as co-reactant promoters. However, most of these materials are characterized by their nanoscale or microscale dimensions, resulting in relatively large sizes and low specific surface areas, which hinder the application of the luminol-H 2 O system. To address this challenge, nickel molybdate sub-1 nm nanowires (NiMoO 4 S1 NWs) with a large specific surface area is synthesized that can offer many active sites to enhance the performance of the OER to boost the ECL of luminol. This study demonstrates that the large amount of ROS generated by the OER of NiMoO 4 S1 NWs play a crucial role in enhancing the ECL intensity of luminol. Finally, a NiMoO 4 S1 NWs-based ECL biosensor for the highly sensitive detection of the nucleocapsid proteins of SARS-CoV-2 is successfully constructed., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

The development of novel catalysts for the rapid detoxification of sulfur mustard holds paramount importance in the field of military defense. In this work, titanium dioxide-phosphomolybdic acid sub-1 nm nanobelts (TiO 2 /PMA SNBs) are employed as effective catalysts for the ultra-fast degradation of mustard gas simulants (2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide, CEES) with 100% selectivity and a half-life (t 1/2 , time required for 50% conversion) as short as 12 s, which is the fastest time to the best of the knowledge. Even in dark conditions, this material can still achieve over 90% conversion within 5 min. A mechanism study reveals that the rapid generation rate of 1 O 2 and O 2 •- in the presence of TiO 2 /PMA SNBs and H 2 O 2 plays a crucial role in facilitating the efficient oxidation of CEES. A filter layer of a gas mask loaded with TiO 2 /PMA SNBs and H 2 O 2 /polyvinylpyrrolidone cross-linked complex (PHP) is constructed, which demonstrates remarkable stability and exhibits exceptional efficacy in the detoxification of CEES in the presence of a small amount of water. This innovation offers great potential for enhancing personal protective equipment in practical applications., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Mining activities produce large quantities of tailings and acid mine drainage, which contain varieties of heavy metals, thereby affecting the downstream farmland soils and crops. Heavy metals could induce antibiotic resistance through co-selection pressure. However, the profiles of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the mining-affected farmland soils and crops are still unclear. Here we investigated contents of heavy metals, ARG abundances, mobile genetic elements (MGEs), and microbial community in mining-affected farmland soils and vegetables from Shangba village (SB), in comparison to a nearby reference village Taiping (TP). Results showed that in SB group, except for Cr, other metals were all above the Chinese Standards. When compared with the reference group, higher ARG abundances were detected in mining-affected farmland soils and vegetables, with great proportions of genes resistant to sulfonamides, chloramphenicols and tetracyclines. In addition, positive correlations were found between the above three ARG classes and heavy metals concentrations (especially Cu, Pb and Zn). Spearman's correlations revealed that there were positive correlations between sul1 and total nitrogen, as well as tetB/P and pH. Additionally, the Shannon index values were different for the samples from two villages (p < 0.05). Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were dominant phyla in soil samples. Network analysis suggested that multiple genera (belonging to Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria) were positively associated with many ARGs (p < 0.05), implying they might be potential hosts for ARGs. To sum up, this study provided clear evidence that mining activities caused severe heavy metals pollution to the farmland, thus posing co-selection pressure on the persistence of ARGs in the affected farmland environments., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Peroxide test strip (PTS) has been widely used for the point-of-care testing (POCT), but its poor sensitivity is a big obstacle for analyzing trace target. Herein, a triple signal amplifying platform integrating the liposome enrichment, the hybridization chain reaction (HCR) circuit, and the image analysis method was constructed to enhance the visual readout of PTS for the sensitive detection of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), an important biomarker of food spoilage. In the presence of ATP, the HCR amplifier was firstly initiated on the surface of magnetic beads (MBs), inducing a large number of glucose oxidase (GOD) imbedded liposomes to be attached. After the magnetic separation, the linked liposomes were destroyed and the enriched GOD was released to react with glucose to produce H 2 O 2 , which can enhance the color change of PTS. Finally, an image analysis method was developed to further amplify the colorimetric difference of human visual perception of PTS readout. This triple signal amplification strategy was used to detect ATP in the linear range from 50 to 250 nmol/L, and the limit of detection (LOD, 3σ/k) was 0.65 nmol/L. Finally, this method has been successfully applied for accurate and sensitive detection of ATP in watermelon juice, showing its great potential for quick determining whether food is spoiled., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

HLA-DQA1*05:01:16 differs from DQA1*05:01:01:01 by two nucleotide substitutions, one in exon 4 and one in intron 1., (© 2024 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Spin and valley are two fundamental properties of electrons in crystals. The similarity between them is well understood in valley-contrasting physics established decades ago in two-dimensional (2D) materials like graphene-with broken inversion symmetry, the two valleys in graphene exhibit opposite orbital magnetic moments, similar to the spin-1/2 behaviors of electrons, and opposite Berry curvature that leads to a half topological charge. However, valley-contrasting physics has never been explored in 3D crystals. Here, we develop a 3D acoustic crystal exhibiting 3D valley-contrasting physics. Unlike spin that is fundamentally binary, valley in 3D can take six different values, each carrying a vortex in a distinct direction. The topological valley transport is generalized from the edge states of 2D materials to the surface states of 3D materials, with interesting features including robust propagation, topological refraction, and valley-cavity localization. Our results open a new route for wave manipulation in 3D space.

Unlike acoustic metasurfaces that rely solely on phase gradients, acoustic metagratings (AMs) operate based on both phase gradients and grating diffraction, thus further extending the generalized Snell's law (GSL). In particular, AMs can achieve reversal of refraction and reflection based on the parity of the number of wave propagations inside the AMs. So far, discussions of this GSL extension have largely been applied to one-dimensional periodic AMs, while the designs of two-dimensional (2D) periodic AMs and their performance in three-dimensional (3D) space have been quite limited. Here, we study the GSL extension in 3D space and experimentally demonstrate a series of functional 2D periodic AMs. The designed AMs can achieve sound refraction/reflection under any incidence angle in 3D space, without restrictions to certain critical ranges; adjusting incident angles only enables the reversal of refraction and reflection. Additionally, we demonstrate two types of dual-layer sound lenses based on two AMs, whose reversal of refraction and reflection can be realized by simply attaching or separating the two AMs. Our work paves the way to complex 3D wavefront manipulation of AMs, which may find potential use in practical acoustic devices., (© 2024 Acoustical Society of America.)

Background: Early detection of cancer remains an unmet need in clinical practice, and high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity biomarkers are urgently required. Here, we attempted to identify secreted proteins encoded by super-enhancer (SE)-driven genes as diagnostic biomarkers for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC)., Methods: We conducted an integrative analysis of multiple data sets including ChIP-seq data, secretome data, CCLE data and GEO data to screen secreted proteins encoded by SE-driven genes. Using ELISA, we further identified up-regulated secreted proteins through a small size of clinical samples and verified in a multi-centre validation stage (345 in test cohort and 231 in validation cohort). Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to calculate diagnostic accuracy. Artificial intelligence (AI) method named gradient boosting machine (GBM) were applied for model construction to enhance diagnostic accuracy., Results: Serum EFNA1 and MMP13 were identified, and showed significantly higher levels in ESCC patients compared to normal controls. An integrated Five-Biomarker Panel (iFBPanel) established by combining EFNA1, MMP13, carcino-embryonic antigen, Cyfra21-1 and squmaous cell carcinoma antigen had AUCs of 0.881 and 0.880 for ESCC in test and validation cohorts, respectively. Importantly, the iFBPanel also exhibited good performance in detecting early-stage ESCC patients (0.872 and 0.864). Furthermore, the iFBPanel was further empowered by AI technology which showed excellent diagnostic performance in early-stage ESCC (0.927 and 0.907)., Conclusions: Our study suggested that serum EFNA1 and MMP13 could potentially assist ESCC detection, and provided an easy-to-use detection model that might help the diagnosis of early-stage ESCC., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest The author has no potential conflicts of interest to disclose., (© 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chang Gung University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).)

Background: The high prevalence of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in the United States necessitates further investigation into its impact on complications associated with total hip arthroplasty (THA). This study utilizes a large nationwide database to explore risk factors in DKD cases undergoing THA., Methods: This research utilized a case-control design, leveraging data from the national inpatient sample for the years 2016 to 2019. Employing propensity score matching (PSM), patients diagnosed with DKD were paired on a 1:1 basis with individuals free of DKD, ensuring equivalent age, sex, race, Elixhauser Comorbidity Index (ECI), and insurance coverage. Subsequently, comparisons were drawn between these PSM-matched cohorts, examining their characteristics and the incidence of post-THA complications. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was then employed to evaluate the risk of early complications after surgery., Results: DKD's prevalence in the THA cohort was 2.38%. A 7-year age gap separated DKD and non-DKD patients (74 vs. 67 years, P < 0.0001). Additionally, individuals aged above 75 exhibited a substantial 22.58% increase in DKD risk (49.16% vs. 26.58%, P < 0.0001). Notably, linear regression analysis yielded a significant association between DKD and postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI), with DKD patients demonstrating 2.274-fold greater odds of AKI in contrast with non-DKD individuals (95% CI: 2.091-2.473)., Conclusions: This study demonstrates that DKD is a significant risk factor for AKI in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty. Optimizing preoperative kidney function through appropriate interventions might decrease the risk of poor prognosis in this population. More prospective research is warranted to investigate the potential of targeted kidney function improvement strategies in reducing AKI rates after THA. The findings of this study hold promise for enhancing preoperative counseling by surgeons, enabling them to provide DKD patients undergoing THA with more precise information regarding the risks associated with their condition., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Metasurface holograms represent a common category of metasurface devices that utilize in-plane phase gradients to shape wavefronts, forming holographic images through the application of the generalized Snell's law (GSL). While conventional metasurfaces focus solely on phase gradients, metagratings, which incorporate higher-order wave diffraction, further expand the GSL's generality. Recent advances in certain acoustic metagratings demonstrate an updated GSL extension capable of reversing anomalous transmission and reflection, whose reversal is characterized by the parity of the number of wave propagation trips through the metagrating. However, the current extension of GSL remains limited to 1D metagratings, unable to access 2D holographic images in 3D spaces. Here, the GSL extension to 2D metagratings for manipulating waves within 3D spaces is investigated. Through this analysis, a series of acoustic metagrating holograms is experimentally demonstrated. These holographic images exhibit the unique ability to switch between transmission and reflection types independently. This study introduces an additional dimension to modern holography design and metasurface wavefront manipulation., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Desmoglein-2 (DSG2) is a transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the desmosomal cadherin family, which mediates cell-cell junctions; regulates cell proliferation, migration, and invasion; and promotes tumor development and metastasis. We previously showed serum DSG2 to be a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), although the significance and underlying molecular mechanisms were not identified. Here, we found that DSG2 was increased in ESCC tissues compared with adjacent tissues. In addition, we demonstrated that DSG2 promoted ESCC cell migration and invasion. Furthermore, using interactome analysis, we identified serine/threonine-protein kinase D2 (PRKD2) as a novel DSG2 kinase that mediates the phosphorylation of DSG2 at threonine 730 (T730). Functionally, DSG2 promoted ESCC cell migration and invasion dependent on DSG2-T730 phosphorylation. Mechanistically, DSG2 T730 phosphorylation activated EGFR, Src, AKT, and ERK signaling pathways. In addition, DSG2 and PRKD2 were positively correlated with each other, and the overall survival time of ESCC patients with high DSG2 and PRKD2 was shorter than that of patients with low DSG2 and PRKD2 levels. In summary, PRKD2 is a novel DSG2 kinase, and PRKD2-mediated DSG2 T730 phosphorylation promotes ESCC progression. These findings may facilitate the development of future therapeutic agents that target DSG2 and DSG2 phosphorylation. © 2024 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland., (© 2024 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.)

Compared with HLA-DRB1*09:01:02:05, the alleles HLA-DRB1*09:57 and HLA-DRB1*09:58 each show one nucleotide change, respectively., (© 2024 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

HLA-A*31:01:53 differs from HLA-A*31:01:02:01 by one nucleotide change at nucleotide 900 in exon 5 from G to A., (© 2024 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BYHWD), one of the most commonly utilized traditional Chinese medicine prescription for treatment of cerebral ischemic stroke. However, the understanding of BYHWD on neurovascular repair following cerebral ischemia is so far limited., Aim of the Study: This research investigated the influence of BYHWD on neurovascular remodeling by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology and revealed the potential neurovascular repair mechanism underlying post-treatment with BYHWD after ischemic stroke., Materials and Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were utilized as an ischemic stroke model by permanent occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCAO). BYHWD was intragastrically administrated once daily for 30 days straight. Multimodal MRI was performed to detect brain tissue injuries, axonal microstructural damages, cerebral blood flow and intracranial vessels on the 30th day after BYHWD treatment. Proangiogenic factors, axonal/synaptic plasticity-related factors, energy transporters and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signal pathway were evaluated using western blot. Double immunofluorescent staining and western blot were applied to evaluate astrocytes and microglia polarization., Results: Administration of BYHWD significantly alleviated infarct volume and brain tissue injuries and ameliorated microstructural damages, accompanied with improved axonal/synaptic plasticity-related factors, axonal growth guidance factors and decreased axonal growth inhibitors. Meanwhile, BYHWD remarkably improved cerebral blood flow, cerebral vascular signal and promoted the expression of proangiogenic factors. Particularly, treatment with BYHWD obviously suppressed astrocytes A1 and microglia M1 polarization accompanied with promoted astrocyte A2 and microglia M2 polarization. Furthermore, BYHWD effectively improved energy transporters. Especially, BYHWD markedly increased expression of phosphorylated AMPK, cyclic AMP-response element binding protein (CREB) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) accompanied by inactivation of the NF-κB., Conclusion: Taken together, these findings identified that the beneficial roles of BYHWD on neurovascular remodeling were related to AMPK pathways -mediated energy transporters and NFκB/CREB pathways., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Objective: To investigate the accuracy of next-generation sequencing technology (NGS) in detecting the polymorphisms of HLA-DRB1, DQB1, DQA1, DRB3, DRB4, DRB5, DPA1 and DPB1 alleles in randomly-selected unrelated healthy individuals from Shenzhen Han population, investigate the potential reason for HLA-DRB1 allele dropout in routine NGS, and establish an internal quality control system., Methods: NGS-based HLA class II genotyping was performed on 1 012 samples using the MiSeqDx TM platform. The suspected missed alleles indicated by the quality control software and HLA-DRB1 homozygotes were confirmed by PCR-SSOP or PCR-SBT methods., Results: A total of 139 alleles were detected, including HLA-DRB1 (45), DRB3 (7), DRB4 (5), DRB5 (7), DQA1 (17), DQB1 (21), DPA1 (10) and DPB1 (27). HLA-DRB1 *09:01(17.09%),15:01(10.72%); DRB3 *02:02(25.99%),03:01(10.18%); DRB4 *01:03(36.46%); DRB5 *01:01(15.42%); DQA1 *01:02(20.01%),03:02(17.19%); DQB1 *03:01(19.47%),03:03(17.98%), 05:02(11.66%), 06:01(10.67%); DPA1 *02:02(54.45%), 01:03(31.18%) and DPB1 *05:01(39.13%), 02:01(16.90%) alleles were the most common alleles in Shenzhen Han population (frequencies >10%). There was no statistical difference between the gene frequencies of HLA-DRB1 and DQB1 loci in our study. The HLA Common and Well-Documented Alleles in China (CWD2.4) (χ 2 =12.68, P >0.05). 94 cases of HLA-DRB1 homozygous samples detected by NGS were retested by PCR-SSOP or SBT method, and one case of allele dropout at HLA-DRB1 locus was found. SBT method confirmed that the allele of DRB1 *04:03 was missed. The laboratory internal quality control system was established. Two cases of new alleles were detected and named by WHO Nomenclature Committee for Factors of the HLA System., Conclusion: The HLA genotyping results based on NGS showed a significantly lower ambiguity rate. The HLA class II alleles exhibit genetic polymorphism in the Han population of unrelated healthy individuals in Shenzhen. The independent method based on NGS in clinical histocompatibility testing has limitations and requires internal quality control strategies to avoid allele-dropout events.

HLA-A*02:1103 differs from HLA-A*02:01:01:01 by one nucleotide change at nucleotide 811 in exon 4 from G to A., (© 2023 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Purpose: As common clinical screening tests cannot effectively predict a difficult airway, and unanticipated difficult laryngoscopy remains a challenge for physicians. We herein used ultrasound to develop some point-of-care predictors for difficult laryngoscopy., Methods: This prospective observational study included 502 patients who underwent laryngoscopy and a detailed sonographic assessment. Patients under 18 years old, or with maxillofacial deformities or fractures, limited mouth opening, limited neck movement or history of neck surgery were excluded from the study. Laryngoscopic views of all patients were scored and grouping using the modified Cormack-Lehane (CL) scoring system. The measurements acquired comprised tongue width, the longitudinal cross-sectional area of the tongue, tongue volume, the mandible-hyoid bone distance, the hyoid bone-glottis distance, the mandible-hyoid bone-glottis angle, the skin-thyrohyoid membrane distance, the glottis-superior edge of the thyroid cartilage distance (DGTC), the skin-hyoid bone distance, and the epiglottis midway-skin distance. ANOVA and Chi-square were used to compare differences between groups. Logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for difficult laryngoscopy and it was visualized by receiver operating characteristic curves and nomogram. R version 3.6.3 and SPSS version 26.0 were used for statistical analyses., Results: Difficult laryngoscopy was indicated in 49 patients (CL grade Ⅲ - Ⅳ) and easy laryngoscopy in 453 patients (CL grade Ⅰ - Ⅱ). The ultrasound-measured mandible-hyoid bone-glottis angle and DGTC significantly differed between the 2 groups (p < 0.001). Difficult laryngoscopy was predicted by an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.930 with a threshold mandible-hyoid bone-glottis angle of 125.5° and by an AUC of 0.722 with a threshold DGTC of 1.22 cm. The longitudinal cross-sectional area of the tongue, tongue width, tongue volume, the mandible-hyoid distance, and the hyoid-glottis distance did not significantly differ between the groups., Conclusion: Difficult laryngoscopy may be anticipated in patients in whom the mandible-hyoid bone-glottis angle is smaller than 125.5° or DGTC is larger than 1.22 cm., (Copyright © 2023 Chinese Medical Association. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

HLA-B*13:179 differs from HLA-B*13:99 by one nucleotide substitution at position 829(A>G) in exon 4., (© 2023 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

HLA-B*40:01:83, carrying a single nucleotide substitution in exon 5 is described., (© 2023 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

The typical river-lake ecotone (tail end area) of Poyang Lake, which is a sensitive area and prone to outbreaks of cyanobacteria bloom, is vulnerable to frequent human activities. To explore the diversity of phytoplankton community structure and the relevant driving mechanism in the typical river lake junction area of Poyang Lake, the water quality and phytoplankton at seven sampling points in the typical river lake junction area of Poyang Lake, at six sampling points in the middle section of Poyang Lake River, and at one sampling point in the main lake area were investigated in the field from 2019 to 2020 (dry season), April (flood season), July (wet season), and October (recession period). The results showed that there were seven phyla and 64 genera of phytoplankton in the typical river-lake ecotone of Poyang Lake, and the biomass and relative abundance of phytoplankton were dominated by diatoms and cyanobacteria. The biomass and abundance in the east of the typical river-lake ecotone of Poyang Lake were generally higher than those in the west, and the biomass and abundance in the river-lake ecotone were higher than those in the middle of the river. The dominant degree of cyanobacteria in the lake area and the river-lake ecotone was large, and the dominant degree of diatoms in the middle section of the river was large. The Monte Carlo test results showed that total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), orthophosphate phosphorus (PO 4 3- -P), water depth (WD), water temperature (WT), and transparency (SD) were significantly related environmental factors affecting the distribution of the phytoplankton community. Redundancy analysis results showed that the typical river-lake ecotone in the west of Poyang Lake was highly affected by the hydration factors (TN, TP, and PO 4 3- -P), and the hydrological factors (WT, WD, and SD) in the typical river-lake ecotone in the east were highly significant. The impact factors of phytoplankton in the typical river-lake ecotone of Poyang Lake were seasonal, being greatly affected by hydration factors in winter and hydrological factors in summer.

B*15:664 differs from B*15:02:01:01 by one nucleotide change at nucleotide 755 in exon 4 from C to G., (© 2023 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Objective: To investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of Radix Panacis quinguefolii root extract (RPQE) and its therapeutic effects on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)., Methods: The 72-hour post-fertilization zebrafish was used to generate the local and systematic inflammation models through tail-amputation and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induction (100 µ g/mL), respectively. The Tg(zlyz:EGFP) zebrafish was induced with 75 µ g/mL 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) for establishing the IBD model. The tail-amputated, LPS-, and TNBS-induced models were subjected to RPQE (ethanol fraction, 10-20 µ g/mL) administration for 12 and 24 h, respectively. Anti-inflammatory activity of RPQE was evaluated by detecting migration and aggregation of leukocytes and expression of inflammation-related genes. Meanwhile, TNBS-induced fish were immersed in 0.2% (W/V) calcein for 1.5 h and RPQE for 12 h before photographing to analyze the intestinal efflux efficiency (IEE). Moreover, the expression of inflammation-related genes in these fish was detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction., Results: Subject to RPQE administration, the migration and aggregation of leukocytes were significantly alleviated in 3 zebrafish models (P&lt;0.01). Herein, RPQE ameliorated TNBS-induced IBD with respect to a significantly reduced number of leukocytes, improved IEE, and inhibited gene expression of pro-inflammatory factors (P&lt;0.05 or P&lt;0.01)., Conclusion: RPQE exhibited therapeutic effects on IBD by inhibiting inflammation., (© 2022. The Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

In this work, a new type of H 2 S sensor was fabricated by means of drop-coating of an Au/SnO-SnO 2 nanosheet material, which was prepared by a one-pot hydrothermal reaction, onto a gold electrode in an alumina ceramic tube with the formation of a thin nanocomposite film. The microstructure and morphology of the nanosheet composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). A gas-sensitivity study presented good H 2 S-sensing performance of such Au/SnO-SnO 2 nanosheet composites. At an optimal operating temperature of 240 °C and ambient temperature of 25 °C, the resulting sensor showed a good linear response to H 2 S in a range of 1.0 to 100 ppm with a low detection limit of 0.7 ppm, and a very fast response-recovery time of 22 s for response and 63 s for recovery, respectively. The sensor was also unaffected by ambient humidity and had good reproducibility and selectivity. When being applied to the monitoring of H 2 S in an atmospheric environment in a pig farm, the response signal to H 2 S was only attenuated by 4.69% within 90 days, proving that the sensor had a long and stable service lifetime for continuous running and showing its important practical application prospects.

Antimicrobial resistance is recognized as one of the greatest public health concerns. It is becoming an increasingly threat during the COVID-19 pandemic due to increasing usage of antimicrobials, such as antibiotics and disinfectants, in healthcare facilities or public spaces. To explore the characteristics of airborne antibiotic resistome in public transport systems, we assessed distribution and health risks of airborne antibiotic resistome and microbiome in railway stations before and after the pandemic outbreak by culture-independent and culture-dependent metagenomic analysis. Results showed that the diversity of airborne antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) decreased following the pandemic, while the relative abundance of core ARGs increased. A total of 159 horizontally acquired ARGs, predominantly confering resistance to macrolides and aminoglycosides, were identified in the airborne bacteria and dust samples. Meanwhile, the abundance of horizontally acquired ARGs hosted by pathogens increased during the pandemic. A bloom of clinically important antibiotic (tigecycline and meropenem) resistant bacteria was found following the pandemic outbreak. 251 high-quality metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) were recovered from 27 metagenomes, and 86 genera and 125 species were classified. Relative abundance of ARG-carrying MAGs, taxonomically assigned to genus of Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, and Staphylococcus, was found increased during the pandemic. Bayesian source tracking estimated that human skin and anthropogenic activities were presumptive resistome sources for the public transit air. Moreover, risk assessment based on resistome and microbiome data revealed elevated airborne health risks during the pandemic., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

C*03:04:74 differs from C*03:04:01:02 by one nucleotide change at nucleotide 1047 in exon 6 from G to A., (© 2022 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

B*46:01:33 differs from B*46:01:01:01 by one nucleotide change at nucleotide 105 in exon 2 from C to T., (© 2022 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Anisotropic nanomaterials, such as gold nanorods (AuNRs), could be employed as an orientation platform due to their polarization-dependent surface plasmon resonance. However, a variety of factors would affect the dark-field light scattering imaging of anisotropic nanomaterials, resulting in an unstable signal, which is not advantageous to its further application. In this work, the localized surface plasmon resonance properties of a few AuNRs at different angles were excited by polarization with a conventional dark-field microscope, in which it was found that the ratio of AuNRs' light scattering intensity at different polarization angles ( I ) to that without a polarizer ( I 0 ) reflected the orientation information of AuNRs. Furthermore, the light scattering signal ratio between the parallel polarization ( I p ) and that without a polarizer ( I 0 ) was closely related with the aspect ratio of AuNRs, which could not be affected by external conditions. To verify this concept, a highly sensitive and selective assay of the alkaline phosphatase activity in human serum was successfully developed based on the chemical etching of AuNRs, resulting in a lower aspect ratio and a lesser I p / I 0 . This result holds great promise for polarization-dependent colorimetric nanomaterials and single-particle tracers in living cells.

Identification of the novel HLA-DQB1*04:90 allele that differs from DQB1*04:01:01:01 at nucleotide 183 in exon 2 from A to T., (© 2022 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

HLA-C*03:566 differs from HLA-C*03:04:01:02 by one nucleotide substitution at nucleotide 92 in exon 2 from A to G., (© 2022 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

It has been reported that dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) exert therapeutic potential for the preservation of functional β-cell mass. However, the effect of dietary n-3 PUFA deficiency on pancreatic injury and whether the supplementation of n-3 PUFA could prevent the development of pancreatic injury are still not clear. In the present study, an n-3 PUFA deficiency mouse model was established by feeding them with n-3 PUFA deficiency diets for 30 days. Results showed that n-3 PUFA deficiency aggravated streptozotocin (STZ)-induced pancreas injury by reducing the insulin level by 18.21% and the HOMA β-cell indices by 31.13% and the area of islet by 52.58% compared with the STZ group. Moreover, pre-intervention with DHA and EPA for 15 days could alleviate STZ-induced pancreas damage by increasing the insulin level by 55.26% and 44.33%, the HOMA β-cell indices by 118.81% and 157.26% and reversed the area of islet by 196.75% and 205.57% compared to the n-3 Def group, and the effects were significant compared to γ-linolenic acid (GLA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) treatment. The possible underlying mechanisms indicated that EPA and DHA significantly reduced the ration of n-6 PUFA to n-3 PUFA and then inhibited oxidative stress, inflammation and islet β-cell apoptosis levels in pancreas tissue. The results might provide insights into the prevention and alleviation of pancreas injury by dietary intervention with PUFAs and provide a theoretical basis for their application in functional foods.

Objective: To explore the influences of Heider balance on knowledge, attitude, practice (KAP), and quality of life in bladder cancer patients after urinary diversion., Methods: A set of bladder cancer patients after urinary diversion in our hospital from January 2016 to December 2020 were included in this study. Patients who received out-hospital intervention based on Heider balance were included in the observation group (85 cases). Meanwhile, patients who received routine out-hospital intervention were included in the control group (85 cases), and these patients matched with the observation group by gender, age, and education level. The scores of KAP, WHO quality of life-100 (WHOQOL-100) before discharge and at 6 months after discharge, and the rate of complications were compared in the two groups., Results: At 6 months after discharge, the score of these items of KAP including basic knowledge of disease, procedure of pouch replacement, dealing with pouch leakage, skin care of stoma, purchase and storage of pouch, dealing with stoma complications, optimistic mentality for disease, optimistic mentality for stoma, trust in medical staff, willingness to correct bad habits, confidence in maintaining health behavior, maintaining in health dietary habit, maintaining in health behavior, learning from relevant books, learning from relevant videos, experienced in pouch replacement, and experienced in care of stoma of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group ( t  = 6.144, 9.366, 3.129, 3.809, 4.173, 5.923, 2.788, 8.871, 3.291, 10.797, 7.067, 7.805, 3.828, 9.454, 2.827, 4.059, and 8.662, respectively, all P < 0.05). The scores of 16 items of WHOQOL-100 such as energy and fatigue, sleep and rest, positive feelings, thinking, learning, memory and concentration, self-esteem, body image and appearance, negative feelings, mobility, activities of daily living, dependence on medical support, personal relationships, social support, health and social care: availability and quality, opportunities to get new information/skills, opportunities for recreation and leisure, and quality of life from viewpoint in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( t  = 2.666, 2.571, 2.961, 3.453, 4.279, 2.781, 3.775, 4.807, 5.850, 4.194, 3.324, 3.873, 5.118, 3.244, 2.956, and 4.218, respectively, all P < 0.05). The rate of complications of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group ( x 2  = 5.829, P < 0.05)., Conclusion: The Heider balance can help to reduce the rate of complications, improve knowledge, attitude, practice, and quality of life in urinary diversion patients. These merits make it an attractive approach in guidance of out-hospital intervention., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Hao-yu Zou et al.)

Intraparticle ion motions are critical to the structure and properties of nanomaterials, but rarely disclosed. Herein, in situ visualization of ion motions in a single nanoparticle is presented by dark-field microscopy imaging, which shows HgCl 2 -induced structural transformation of amorphous selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) with the main composition of Se 8 . Owing to the high binding affinity with selenium and coulomb interactions, Hg 2+ ions can permeate into the interior of SeNPs, making the amorphous Se 8 turn to polycrystalline Hg 3 Se 2 Cl 2 . As a proof of concept, SeNPs then serve as a highly effective scavenger for selective removal of Hg 2+ ions from solution. This new finding offers visual proof for the photophysical process involving intraparticle ion motion, demonstrating that tracking the ion motions is a novel strategy to comprehend the formation mechanism with the purpose of developing new nanostructures like nanoalloys and nano metal compounds., (© 2022 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Objective: To explore the relationship between the hepatic caudate lobe boundary and the ductal system so as to guide the identification of the anatomical relationship during liver surgery. Methods: The specific parts were observed and the liver parenchyma was removed according to 41 cadaveric liver autopsy specimens. The critical relationship between the hepatic caudate lobe and other ducts was observed to explore the reticular duct structure. Results: The plane formed by the hepatic hilar plate and Arantius ligament served as the boundary between the caudate lobe and other hepatic lobes. The caudate lobe hepatic portal vein was composed of numerous small branches from its left and right branches. The portal vein adjacent to the vena cava was mainly derived from the left branch, and to a lesser extent from the right branch. Blood was drained straight from the caudate lobe vein into the inferior vena cava via the short hepatic vein. There were three or four bile duct branches in the caudate lobe. The main source of arterial blood flow were the left and right branches of the hepatic artery. An avascular zone of loose connective tissue was found between the caudate lobe and the retrohepatic inferior vena cava. Conclusion: The hepatic caudate lobe is an independent lobe. During hepatic caudate lobe surgery, the plane formed by the hepatic hilar plate and Arantius ligament can serve as the boundary between the caudate lobe and other hepatic lobes and be used for anatomical site identification. The duct system of the caudate lobe's is complicated, but it also has its own distinct regularity.

The expression and function of bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) gene in bovine cumulus cells (CCs) was investigated to reveal the mechanisms by which it regulated cell apoptosis and proliferation. The mRNA and protein expression of BMP4 were detected using quantitative PCR (qPCR) and immunofluorescence staining in CCs. The effective siRNAs against BMP4 gene were screened using qPCR and western blotting. The mRNA expression levels of apoptosis-related genes and proliferation-related genes were estimated by qPCR after knocking-down the BMP4 gene in bovine CCs. Cell apoptosis, proliferation and cell cycle were measured with Annexin V-FITC, CCK-8 and propidium iodide staining by flow cytometry. Results showed that the BMP4 gene was expressed and its protein was in the cytoplasm and nuclei of bovine CCs. The BMP4 knockdown increased the cell apoptosis rate and upregulated the mRNA levels of apoptosis genes CASPASE-3 and BAX with downregulation of the anti-apoptosis gene BCL-2 (P < 0.05). The proliferation rate declined and the mRNA expression levels of proliferation-related genes PCNA, CDC42 and CCND2 were downregulated in the bovine CCs with BMP4 low expression (P < 0.05). The BMP4 knockdown significantly increased the percentage of G0/G1 phase cells while decreased that of S phase cells. Therefore, the expression of BMP4 and its biological functions on the cell proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle of bovine CCs were first studied. BMP4 knockdown induced cell apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and inhibited proliferation of bovine CCs., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Objective: Three cases of rare alleles of HLA-C with zero mismatched PCR-SBT results were analyzed by full-length sequencing to determine the true genotypes., Methods: Three rare HLA-C alleles with zero mismatched PCR-SBT results were screened from clinical transplant matching samples, and the full-length sequence was detected by next-generation sequencing technology., Results: The results of PCR-SBT typing of 3 samples were: HLA-C*03:04, 12:167; HLA-C*07:291, 15:02; HLA-C*01:43, 08:16. Other alleles were not in the CWD table of common and confirmed HLA alleles in China (version 2.3) except common allele HLA-C*03:04, HLA-C*15:02. NGS full-length sequencing revealed that the HLA-C genotypes of the three samples were a combination of common alleles and novel alleles, and the three novel alleles had a base mutation in exons 6, 2, and 4, respectively. The novel allele sequences have been submitted to the Genbank database (MK629722, MK335474, MK641803), which were officially named HLA-C*03:04:74, HLA-C*15:192, HLA-C*08:01:25 by the WHO HLA Nomenclature Committee. The HLA high-resolution typing results of 3 samples were: HLA-C*03:04:74, HLA-C*12:03; HLA-C*07:02, HLA-C*15:192; HLA-C*01:02, HLA-C*08:01:25., Conclusion: HLA typing results containing rare alleles should be treated cautiously, and the full-length sequence should be verified by NGS or cloning. The laboratory finally confirmed that the 3 cases of PCR-SBT zero mismatch HLA-C genotypes are the combination of common alleles and novel alleles by NGS sequencing, which provides an accurate basis for clinical transplantation matching and enriches the human HLA genetic database.

In this study, zinc oxide@cupric oxide hollow nanospheres (ZnO@CuO HNS, 330 nm in diameter) were successfully prepared by a hard-template method using amino-phenolformaldehyde resin spheres (APF) as the templates. A new type of thin-film gas sensor toward hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) was fabricated by means of drop-coating on the gold electrode of an alumina ceramic tube. The microstructure and morphology of the nanosphere composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and the gas-sensing performance of the composites toward the detection of H 2 S were investigated. The ZnO@CuO nanocomposite with a hollow structure exhibited good gas-sensing properties. Under the optimum operating temperature of 260 °C, ambient temperature of 30 °C, and ambient humidity of 70%, the linear response of the sensor to H 2 S was in the concentration range of 0.1-100 ppm, and its detection limit reached 0.0611 ppm, with a quick response time of 78 s. Also, the sensor possessed good repeatability, selectivity, and stability. The long-term stability and run duration of such sensors were pronounced, with only a 1.9% reduction in the signal after the continuous monitoring of H 2 S gas in a pig farm for 18 months using Alibaba's cloud remote transmission system, which presents an important practical application prospect in atmosphere environment monitoring on livestock-raising fields.

Objectives: To investigate the differences in non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behaviors between only-child and non-only-child adolescents with mood disorders., Methods: A three-stage sampling method was used to perform a cross-sectional survey of 529 adolescents, aged 12-18 years, who had mood disorders and NSSI behaviors. These adolescents were sampled from the outpatient service of 20 mental hospitals in 9 provinces of China from August to November 2020. A self-made questionnaire was used to collect general demographic data. The Functional Assessment of Self-Mutilation, Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation, Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, Stress Mindset Measure-General, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Multidimensional Students' Life Satisfaction Scales, and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale were used to collect the information on self-injury behaviors and psychological factors in these adolescents., Results: A total of 529 adolescents with mood disorders and NSSI behaviors were surveyed, among whom 375 were only-child adolescents and 154 were non-only-child adolescents. Compared with the non-only-child group, the only-child group had a significantly higher total score of Functional Assessment of Self-Mutilation ( P <0.05) .The type and frequency of self-injury in the only-child group were significantly higher than those in the non-only-child group ( P <0.05). Psychological analysis showed that compared with the non-only-child group, the only-child group had a significantly lower score of self-esteem ( P <0.05) and significantly higher scores of psychological distress and depressive symptoms ( P <0.05). The multiple linear regression analysis showed that the score of suicidal ideation was positively correlated with the frequency of NSSI behaviors in both only-child and non-only-child adolescents with mood disorders ( P <0.05); in the only-child adolescents, the level of self-esteem was negatively correlated with the frequency of NSSI behaviors ( P <0.05), and the score of stress perception was positively correlated with the frequency of NSSI behaviors ( P <0.05); in the non-only-child adolescents, the score of anxious emotion was positively correlated with the frequency of NSSI behaviors ( P <0.05)., Conclusions: Among the adolescents with mood disorders and NSSI behaviors, the only-child adolescents tend to have a higher frequency of self-injury and poorer mental health, and therefore, the only-child adolescents with mood disorders and NSSI behaviors need more attention.

O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification is a ubiquitous, reversible, and highly dynamic post-translational modification, which takes charge of almost all biological processes examined. However, little information is available regarding the molecular regulation of O-GlcNAcylation in granulosa cell function and glucose metabolism. This study focused on the impact of disrupted O-GlcNAc cycling on the proliferation and apoptosis of bovine granulosa cells, and further aimed to determine how this influenced glucose metabolism. Pharmacological inhibition of OGT with benzyl-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-galactopyranoside (BADGP) led to decreased cellular O-GlcNAc levels, as well as OGT and OGA protein expressions, whereas increasing O-GlcNAc levels with the OGA inhibitor, O-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-gluco-pyranosylidene) (PUGNAc), resulted in elevated OGA protein expression and decreased OGT protein expression in granulosa cells. Dysregulated O-GlcNAc cycling reduced cell viability, downregulated the proliferation-related genes of CDC42 and PCNA transcripts, upregulated the pro-apoptotic genes of BAX and CASPASE-3 mRNA and the ratio of BAX/BCL-2 , and increased the apoptotic rate. Glycolytic enzyme activities of hexokinase and pyruvate kinase, metabolite contents of pyruvate and lactate, mitochondrial membrane potential, ATP levels, and intermediate metabolic enzyme activities of succinate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase involved in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, were significantly impaired in response to altered O-GlcNAc levels. Moreover, inhibition of OGT significantly increased the expression level of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), but repression of OGA had no effect. Collectively, our results suggest that perturbation of O-GlcNAc cycling has a profound effect on granulosa cell function and glucose metabolism.

The facile and noninjurious image of cells with high resolution and low toxicity is essential since imaging can offer rich and direct information and insights into metabolic activities, clinical diagnosis, drug delivery and cancer therapy. In this contribution, a smart imaging probe was employed as a contrast agent for dark-field cell imaging. Au core/Ag shell nanorods (Au@Ag NRs) that characterized by X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, formed Au@Ag@AgI NRs when exposed to iodine, which greatly enhanced the light scattering of nanorods. Herein, the silver shell acted as the response element for iodine as well as the protective agent for Au core. When conjugated with folate, the nanorods can be used to image human cervical cancer cells (HeLa cells) under a dark-field microscope. Nanorods were demonstrated with excellent tumor cellular uptake ability without obvious cytotoxicity, making them ideal candidates in biosensing and bioimaging applications., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)