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Background: In this study, we aimed to investigate the prognostic factors of malignant pleural mesothelioma and the prognostic value of inflammation indices in malignant pleural mesothelioma. Methods: Between January 2002 and December 2019, a total of 132 patients (74 males, 58 females; mean age: 55 years; range, 31 to 79 years) diagnosed with malignant pleural mesothelioma were retrospectively analyzed. Patients’ demographic data and laboratory results were recorded. The prognostic value of the following five inflammation indices was evaluated: neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, advanced lung cancer inflammation index, C-reactive protein/albumin ratio, and prognostic nutritional index. Results: Of all patients, 81% (n=107) were aged 65 or older and 61.4% (n=81) had an epithelioid histology. Of 12 variables examined in the multivariate analysis for their relationship with survival, age ≥65 years, non-epithelioid subtype, and prognostic nutritional index

This study aims to investigate the role of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose PET/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) parameters in the prediction of treatment response and the prognosis in locally advanced rectal cancer.We investigated the relationship of 18F-FDG PET/CT parameters [rectal metabolic tumor volume (MTV), rectal total lesion glycolysis (TLG), rectal standard uptake value (SUV) max, rectal highest peak SUV, lymph node MTV, lymph node TLG, lymph node highest peak SUV] with the pathological response and disease-free survival (DFS) in 60 patients who received neoadjuvant therapy for a diagnosis of locally advanced rectal cancer. Patients with a total score of 0 were assigned to the low-risk group, patients with a score of 1 were assigned to the intermediate-risk group and patients with a score of 2 were assigned to the high-risk group.The multivariate analysis revealed that, from baseline PET CT parameters, lymph node highest peak SUV strongly predicted the pathological response at a cutoff value of 2.23. DFS was predicted by the lymph node highest peak SUV at a cutoff value of 3.13 and by the MTV value at a cutoff value of 27 cm3. The risk scoring performed with regard to rectal MTV and lymph node highest peak SUV values determined a median DFS of 19 months in patients with a risk score of 0, whereas the median DFS was not reached in patients with risk scores of 1 and 2 (P 0.001).This study determined that rectal MTV and lymph node highest peak SUV predicted the response to neoadjuvant therapy and DFS.

Coronavirüs hastalığı 2019 (COVID-19) şiddetli akut solunum sendromu coronavirüs 2'nin (SARS-CoV-2) neden olduğu bulaşıcı bir hastalıktır. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ) Mart 2020’de COVID-19 salgınını küresel bir salgın olarak ilan etmiştir. Kanser hastalığının kendisi ve kanser tedavisinde kullanılan yöntem ve tedavilerin immünsupresyona neden olabilmelerinden dolayı bu hastalarda COVİD-19 hastalığına yakalanma riski artmaktadır. Ayrıca kanser hastalarında normal popülasyona göre COVİD-19’a bağlı mortalite oranları daha yüksektir. COVİD-19 pandemisi sürecinde birçok ülkenin sağlık sisteminde problemler baş göstermiş ve bu problemlerden dolayı çoğu alanda değişiklikler yapılma yoluna gidilmiştir. Bu bağlamda günlük onkolojik pratikte de değişik modifikasyonlar yapılmış, mevcut koşullara adaptasyon sağlanmaya çalışılmıştır. Rutin kanser taramaları geçici olarak durdurulmuş, rutin takiplerde bazı koşullarda takip aralıkları uzatılmıştır. Sağlık sistemlerindeki yüklenmelerden dolayı tanı aşamasında bazı farklılıklar yaşanmıştır. COVİD-19 pandemi sürecinde immünoterapi, hedefe yönelik ilaçlar ve hormonal ilaçlar COVİD-19 bulaş ve mortalite riskini arttırmadığından bu ilaçların kullanımı ile ilgili standart yaklaşımda belirgin bir farklılık görülmemektedir. Bununla birlikte hastane vizitlerini azaltma amacıyla immünoterapi kür aralıklarının uzatılabileceği önerilmiştir. Kemoterapi alan hastalarda immünsupresyon oluşturma ve enfeksiyon riski nedeni ile uluslararası kılavuzlar çerçevesinde bazı değişikliklere gidilmiştir. Küratif yaklaşımlarda ve kemoterapiye iyi yanıt alınabilecek tümörlerin tedavisinde standart yaklaşım önerilirken, metastatik evre palyatif tedavi alan ve kemoterapi etkinliği belirgin olmayan hastalarda hastayla birlikte tedaviye karar verilmesi önerilmiştir. Sağlık otoriteleri aşılama programlarında kanser tanılı hastalara öncelik tanımış, aşının kanser hastalarında COVİD-19 bulaşını önleme ve COVİD-19’a bağlı mortaliteyi azaltmada etkili olduğu gözlenmiştir.

HER2 is an important and targetable molecule in breast cancer. In the early stages of breast cancer, a treatment modality called neoadjuvant therapy, which now includes anti-HER2 therapies, is administered before surgery in order to achieve disease regression and make the patient suitable for a more minor operation. In breast cancer, HER2 status may be positive in the initial biopsy specimen and negative in the surgical specimen. HER2 status plays an important role in treatment decisions. In this study, we investigated the factors causing HER2 status to change in early-stage breast cancer. This study has a retrospective design and includes 400 female patients with early-stage breast cancer. The results of the study identified the factors causing HER2 status to change to negative as receipt of neoadjuvant therapy, small tumor size and younger age.

Introduction: To investigate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of cancer patients with COVID-19 infections and evaluate the effect of hepatitis B immunization status on susceptibility to COVID-19 infection and mortality risk. Materials and methods: The records of 1,515 patients who presented to the Medical Oncology clinic between March 2020 and December 2020 were analysed retrospectively. The demographic and clinical characteristics and laboratory findings of cancer patients with (case group) and without (control group) COVID-19 infection were compared. Results: Of the 1,515 patients, 153 (10.1%) had been diagnosed with COVID-19, and the median age of cancer patients with COVID-19 infection was 53.9 (range; 18–82) years. The most common types of cancer were breast cancer (26.2%), gastrointestinal system cancers (22.3%), genitourinary-system cancers (16.5%) and lung cancer (15.5%). The presence of metastatic disease [hazard ratio (HR): 0.09, 95% CI (0.01–0.83), (p = 0.03)] and receipt of palliative chemotherapy in the cancer patients with COVID-19 infections [HR: 0.1, 95% CI (0.01–0.69), (p = 0.02)] were identified as prognostic factors in multivariate analysis as univariate analysis did not indicate palliative treatment as a prognostic factor. When the case group and control groups were compared in terms of hepatitis B immunization status (p = 0.24), no statistically significant difference was identified between the two groups. Furthermore, hepatitis B immunization status (p = 0.37) were not found to be associated with COVID-19-related mortality risk. Conclusion: Hepatitis B immunization status were not associated with the risk of COVID-19 transmission and mortality. The present study identified the presence of metastatic disease and palliative chemotherapy as negative and positive prognostic factors, respectively.

Aim: To compare the seropositivity rate of cancer patients with non-cancer controls after inactive SARS-CoV-2 vaccination (CoronaVac) and evaluate the factors affecting seropositivity. Method: Spike IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 were measured in blood samples of 776 cancer patients and 715 non-cancer volunteers. An IgG level ≥50 AU/ml is accepted as seropositive. Results: The seropositivity rate was 85.2% in the patient group and 97.5% in the control group. The seropositivity rate and antibody levels were significantly lower in the patient group (p, Plain language summary Cancer patients are at high risk for infection with SARS-CoV-2 and of developing the associated disease, COVID-19, which therefore puts them in the priority group for vaccination. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of CoronaVac, an inactivated virus vaccine, in cancer patients. The immune response rate, defined as seropositivity, was 85.2% in the cancer patient group and 97.5% in the control group. The levels of antibodies, which are blood markers of immune response to the vaccine, were also significantly lower in the patient group, especially in those older than 60 years and receiving chemotherapy. These results highlight the importance of determining the effective vaccine type and dose in cancer patients to protect them from COVID-19 without disrupting their cancer treatment.

BACKGROUND: The relationship of the ABO blood group system with the immune response is known, but its relationship with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has not been clearly investigated until now. OBJECTIVE: In this study, the relationship between different blood groups and nivolumab treatment response in patients with advanced malignant melanoma was investigated. METHODS: The data of patients who used nivolumab for advanced malignant melanoma between April 2018 and April 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: A total of 73 patients were included in the study. In the progression-free survival (PFS) analysis according to blood groups, it was 3.9 months, 16.1 months, 20.0 months and 3.0 months for A, B, AB and O, respectively (p= 0.1). Overall survival (OS) analysis according to blood groups was 5.1 months, 25.0 months, 20.0 months and 9.3 months for A, B, AB and O, respectively (p= 0.1). The B antigen group (B or AB) had significantly longer PFS and OS than the non-B antigen group (A or O) (16.1 vs. 3.5 months for PFS, respectively, p= 0.03; 20.0 vs. 7.4 months for OS, respectively, p= 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of B antigen provides a significant advantage in terms of survival in patients using ICIs for advanced melanoma.

Endokrin sistem hastaliklarinin bir kismini olusturan ve Tibbi Onkoloji ve Endokrinoloji bolumlerinin ortak konulari olan Endokrin Sistem Tumorleri suphesiz multidisipliner yaklasim gerektiren malign hastaliklarin icerisinde yer almakta ve gunluk pratigimizde azimsanmayacak siklikta rastlanilmakta ve ozel tedavi yaklasimlari gerektirmektedir. Bu bilgiler dogrultusunda onkolojinin ozel konularindan olan ENDOKRIN SISTEM TUMORLERI konulu bu kitabimizi ulkemizin alaninda uzman ve akademik vizyonu olan hocalarimizin katkilariyla hazirladik. Emegi gecen hocalarimiza teker teker davetimi kirmayip verdikleri destek icin tesekkur ediyorum. Ayrica Onkoloji alaninda yayimladigimiz ve yayimlamayi planladigimiz kitaplarin hazirlanmasinda emegi gecen ve her an yanimizda olan basta Akademisyen Yayinevi sahibi Yasin DILMEN olmak uzere tum yayinevi calisanlarina da tesekkur ederim.

Metformin-associated lactic acidosis is rare despite its widespread use. It is often associated with the use of metformin in the presence of chronic kidney disease, but it may also occur in people with normal renal function in the case of acute overdose.20 years old (patient 1) and 37 years old (patient 2) women without any chronic disease took 40 gram (727 mg/ kg) and 60 gram (1200 mg/kg) metformin, respectively; for the suicidal attempt. Deep lactic acidosis was detected in patients. In patient 1, hemodialysis was performed for 4 hours. After the interruption, deep acidosis evolved again and another dialysis session was performed. In patient 2, hemodialysis was performed for 16 hours without any interruption and she did not need any other dialysis session.Metformin has a large distribution volume. It is not correct to make a final decision as to how long the dialysis will continue when dialysis begins. Dialysis should be continued without interruption until clinical and laboratory targets are achieved.