Search

Human well-being needs healthy ecosystems, providing multiple ecosystem services. Therefore, the assessment of ecosystems on large scales is a priority action. In Hungary, this work (MAES-HU) took place between 2016 and 2022. Twelve ecosystem services (ES) were mapped and assessed along with several ecosystem condition (EC) indicators. Their integrated spatial analysis aimed to identify patterns of ES multifunctionality, reveal relationships between EC and ES and delineate ES bundles. The results show outstanding multifunctionality of natural ecosystem types compared with the more artificial types, emphasizing the importance of natural areas in order to fulfil human needs. Native forests provide the most varied range of services, which underlines the importance of forest management to consider multiple services. There is a positive correlation between condition and multifunctionality in forests; areas in better condition (in terms of species composition and structure) provide more services at an outstanding level. ES bundles mainly reflect the major ecosystem types, topography and forest condition. Our analysis represents an example of synthesizing national MAES results with a combination of methods. Finding ES hotspots on a national scale and connecting them with an assessment of EC may help in finding optimal strategies to balance conservation targets and competing land uses.

Mapping and assessing ecosystem services (ES) projects at the national level have been implemented recently in the European Union in order to comply with the targets set out in the EU’s Biodiversity Strategy for 2020 and later in the Strategy for 2030. In Hungary this work has just been accomplished in a large-scale six-year project. The Hungarian assessment was structured along the ES cascade with each level described by a set of indicators. We present the selected and quantified indicators for 12 ES. For the assessment of cascade level 4, human well-being, a set of relevant well-being dimensions were selected. The whole process was supported by several forms of involvement, interviews, consultations and workshops and in thematic working groups performing the ES quantifications, followed by building scenarios and synthesizing maps and results. Here we give an overview of the main steps and results of the assessment, discuss related conceptual issues and recommend solutions that may be of international relevance. We refine some definitions of the cascade levels and suggest theoretical extensions to the cascade model. By finding a common basis for ES assessments and especially for national ones, we can ensure better comparability of results and better adoption in decision making.

Ma Magyarorszagon meg a termeszetvedelmi oltalom alatt allo teruleteknek is csak egy reszeről allnak rendelkezesre terepi felvetelezessel keszult reszletes előhelyterkepek. A cikkben roviden bemutatott okoszisztema-terkep, ha ezeket nem is helyettesitheti, de az eddig rendelkezesre allo orszagos leptekű adatbazisokhoz (pl. a szeles korben hasznalt Corine Land Cover-hoz) kepest reszletesebb terbeli es tematikus felbontassal rendelkezik, igy mind a kutatas, mind a tervezes szamara tobbletinformaciot szolgaltathat azokrol a teruletekről, ahol terepi felmeresek nem allnak rendelkezesre. A terkep 2015–16-os, illetve kisebb reszben 2017-es adatok felhasznalasaval keszult. Főkent letező, rendszeresen frissulő adatbazisokra epul, taverzekelt adatok feldolgozasaval kiegeszitve. A feldolgozasi modszertan szamos olyan ujszerű elemet tartalmaz, amely kifejezetten alkalmas nagytomegű, kulonboző forrasbol szarmazo es kulonboző jellegzetessegekkel biro adatbazisok egyuttes kezelesere. A terkep rovid bemutatasa mellett a cikk kiter a validalas lehetősegeire es kezdeti eredmenyeire is.

Az Europai Unio 2020-ig megvalositando Biodiverzitas Strategiajanak egyik fő celkitűzese az okoszisztema-szolgaltatasok (OSz-ek) minel teljesebb megőrzese es helyreallitasa. Ennek erdekeben a tagorszagok szamara előirjak, hogy terkepezzek es ertekeljek a teruletukon talalhato okoszisztemak allapotat (OA), valamint az altaluk nyujtott OSz-ek helyzetet es gazdasagi erteket. Magyarorszagon a 2016 őszen indult, Agrarminiszterium altal koordinalt KEHOP-4.3.0- VEKOP-15-2016-00001 szamu kiemelt projekt kereteben az „Okoszisztema-szolgaltatasok” fejlesztesi elem egyik fő feladata a hazai viszonyok kozott kiemelt fontossaggal biro OSz-ek orszagos terkepezese es ertekelese (Nemzeti Okoszisztema-szolgaltatas Terkepezes es Ertekeles; NOSZTEP). Az ertekeles az un. kaszkad-modell menten vegig halad az OSz-eket meghatarozo OA jellemzőktől, az OSz kapacitasokon es az ebből tenylegesen igenybe vett szolgaltatasokon at az emberi jollet fenntartasaban vagy noveleseben jatszott szerepukig. A projekt eredmenyei a tervek szerint segitik majd a termeszeti tőkenkkel valo fenntarthato gazdalkodast, a zoldinfrastruktura-halozat fejleszteset, az egyes agazatok kozti hatekonyabb kommunikaciot es a termeszetvedelmi es mas agazati donteshozatalt.