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Background: This study aimed to compare the effects of sesame (SO), canola (CO), and sesame‐canola (SCO: a blend) oils on glycaemic control markers and liver function enzymes in adults with type 2 diabetes. Methods: In this randomized, triple‐blind, three‐way, cross‐over clinical trial, participants replaced their usual oil with the intervention oils for 9 weeks. Serum fasting blood sugar, fasting serum insulin (FSI), insulin resistance (HOMA2‐IR), beta‐cell function (HOMA2‐%B), insulin sensitivity (HOMA2‐%S), quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI), as well as serum liver function enzymes were measured at baseline and end of intervention periods. Results: Ninety‐two participants completed all treatment periods. After adjusting for confounders, all treatment oils resulted in significant improvements in FSI and HOMA2‐%S (p < 0.05). SO and SCO led to favourable changes in HOMA2‐IR and QUICKI (p < 0.05). Following CO and SCO, there was a significant decrease in HOMA2‐%B (p < 0.05). The sex‐stratified analysis revealed that FSI and HOMA2‐IR were decreased after SO compared to CO in males (p = 0.024). Serum gamma‐glutamyltransferase (GGT) was significantly lower following SO compared to CO in females (p = 0.02), however, the difference in change values was not significant (p = 0.058). Conclusions: SO consumption appears to improve glycaemic control markers in males and serum GGT in females compared with CO in patients with type 2 diabetes (registration code: IRCT2016091312571N6). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aimed to examine the effect of replacing edible oils with sesame oil (SO), canola oil (CO) and sesame-canola oil (SCO) on body weight and composition in adults. Adults without any chronic diseases (n = 77) were entered a 4-week run-in period and then were randomised to receive SO, CO and SCO for their household use in 9-week intervention periods (separated by 4-week washout intervals). Anthropometric measurements, as well as body composition markers, were assessed at baseline, middle and after each intervention period. In total, 73 participants completed the study. Although significant time effects were seen for waist and hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, central obesity index, body adiposity index, muscle mass and body fat percent (ptime<.05), the treatment and treatment × time effects were not significant (p>.05). The present clinical trial revealed that CO, SO and SCO might not differently affect body fat and composition. Trial registration code: IRCT2016091312571N6 (http://en.irct.ir/trial/12622). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Both canola and sesame oils consumption have been associated with favorable effects on cardio-metabolic biomarkers. However, to the best of our knowledge, no study has compared their effects on cardiovascular risk factors. The present study aimed to assess the effect of canola, sesame, and sesame-canola oils consumption on cardio-metabolic biomarkers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM ). METHODS: This study was a randomized, triple-blind, three-way, crossover clinical trial. The study participants included 102 individuals with T2DM . Their spouses were also included in the study. The participants were entered into a 4-week run-in period. After that, their regular dietary oil was replaced with canola, sesame, or sesame-canola oils (a blend of sesame and canola oils) in three 9-week phases, which were separated by two 4-week washout periods (sunflower oil was consumed during the run-in and the washout periods). Dietary, physical activity, blood pressure, and anthropometric measurements were assessed at the beginning, middle (week 4-5), and end of each treatment phase. Blood samples were taken at the beginning and at the end of each phase. Serum, plasma, buffy coat, and whole blood samples were extracted and kept at -80 ºC for further analysis. Serum fasting blood sugar (FBS), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) , and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were selected as the primary outcomes. RESULTS: 102 participants with T2DM were randomly assigned to one of the 6 rolling methods. Through them, 93 individuals (91.2%) completely participated in all phases. CONCLUSION: The present study will provide an exceptional opportunity to examine the effect of canola, sesame, and sesame-canola oil on cardio-metabolic markers in adults with and without T2DM . This trial will also provide a good medium for the investigation of gene-dietary oils interaction in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]