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Indonesia has The National Energy Policy based on the principle of fairness, sustainability, and environmentally friendly, and the creation of national energy security. Start from early 2015, mandatory of using biofuel as a substitution to fuel or blend on subvention fuel, nonsubvention fuel, industrial, commercial, and power plant sector is implemented by the Government of Indonesia on Ministerial Energy and Mineral Resources Regulation 12/2015. As a biofuel, bioethanol can be used as a fuel substitution for gasoline. Bioethanol is a natural product and manufactured by the fermentation of plants containing sugar and starch. Characteristic physical and chemical of bioethanol near to gasoline. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of bioethanol-gasoline blended fuels on the characteristic physical and chemical. The experimental test was using gasoline with octane number 88, 92, 98, and 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% bioethanol blend. The effect of the bioethanol-gasoline blend on physical and chemical properties is increased research octane number, oxygen content, vapor pressure, and to decrease the heating value. The one of the important parameter for combustion process on gasoline 88 is the final boiling point temperature, with bioethanol blend of 20% can decrease 7% of the final boiling point value.

A fuel gasoline engine classified based is octane number, test for octane number using CFR engine with RON (Research Octane Number) ASTM D 2699 and MON (Motor Octane Number) ASTM D 2700. Bioethanol can booster octane number if blended to gasoline. A fuel to a higher octane can be run at a higher compression ratio without causing detonation or knocking engine. Compression is directly related to thermodynamic efficiency but to blended bioethanol can decrease the heating value of the fuel. The design engine on the market had compression ratio specified and needed octane number minimum specified. The experimental using CFR engine and using fuel gasoline in the market with blended bioethanol start from 5% -20% and analysis the relationship octane number after blended bioethanol with value compression ratio gasoline engine at the market. The objective of this research was the effect of blended bioethanol of varying gasoline forward octane number. The effect of blended bioethanol of gasoline between 5%-20% could increase to 11% of gasoline octane 88, 2% of gasoline octane 98.