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This research aims to analyse and understand recycling phenomena and competition between large-scale and small-scale enterprises under different public attention. It mainly emphasizes service-providing behaviours to the consumers in the recycling industry, where recyclers are struggling to enhance their profits. The government strives to protect the environment by promoting an efficient recycling industry. As fast-growing waste products, the recyclers should achieve the advantage of number and be equipped with service capability for the consumers. Thus, this study employs an evolutionary game model to analyse the competition for waste products acquisitions between large and small recyclers. Due to a significant association between the service and acquisition waste product price for the consumers and recycling quantity, there is a strong mutual influence between the acquisition price of waste products and the price strategy-taken rate of large and small recyclers. Results also reveal that the market acquisition price and processing cost play a crucial role in recyclers' decision-making on setting prices for acquiring waste products from consumers. Furthermore, it is also found that waste products acquisition price and recyclers' processing cost are the key factors that affect large and small recyclers' recycling quantity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research examines the influence of microfinance services on the socioeconomic performance of Malaysian B40 households, which are considered vulnerable communities in Malaysia. Mainly, it explores the mediating role of entrepreneurial competencies and financial management practices in the relationship of microfinance services with households’ economic well-being, entrepreneurial success, and social wellbeing. Likewise, this research also examines the moderating role of microfinance institutions’ service efficiency in the success of microfinance services to improve households’ socioeconomic outcomes. The responses were collected from the participants of Amanah Ikhtiar Malaysia, the largest microfinance institution serving the low-income population of Malaysia. Employing the structural equation modelling approach, results show that microfinance financial services and non-financial services positively influence households’ socioeconomic performance through entrepreneurial competencies and financial management practices. On the other hand, microfinance financial services are also found to have significant direct influence on households’ socioeconomic performance. Further, results also indicate that microfinance institutions’ service efficiency positively moderates the influence of financial services to improve households’ socioeconomic performance. This is novel research that introduces human capital development as an underlying mechanism in the household economic portfolio model, suggesting that microfinance interventions develop human capabilities among their participants, which further assist them in the efficient management of financial and business affairs, thus, improving socioeconomic outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Economic development and growth of any country strongly depend on the consumption and production system, which requires a massive amount of energy consumption. Many countries satisfy their energy demands by relying on fossil fuel consumption. Within the production system, manufacturing and logistical operations are heavily depend on fossil fuel‐based energy consumption, causing environmental degradation. Hence, economies worldwide strive to become carbon neutral; the goal is to be carbon‐free, requiring businesses in the respective countries to rely on renewable energy sources. Besides manufacturing, many countries for economic growth also depend on the tourism industry, which also requires the implementation of green policies. In this regard, economic growth, advanced logistics, tourism, and renewable energy are essential variables that need thorough empirical testing to address environmental problems. The current study uses fixed effect and random effect models to empirically test carbon‐free economic growth and international tourism through advanced logistical infrastructure and renewable energy consumption in developed countries. Findings reveal that advanced logistics infrastructure and renewable energy consumption play a crucial role in enhancing economic growth and international tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Global demand for Halal food is growing and currently about a quarter of world food trade with a value of annual Halal food trade about 2 trillion USD by 2020. During last few decades researches on Halal food began with demand side of market economy showing customer need & satisfaction issues, gradually researchers turned to supply side of Halal food industry exploring Halal integrity issues which has revealed that transportation & transiting has higher risk than manufacturing while determining Halal integrity of Halal products. Halal supply chain eco system along with all stakeholders have emerged as new freight service industry which is preferred by customers due to its perceived cleaner-safer & hygienic services. In current COVID 19 pandemic context causing global GDP shrinkage and trade wars across countries will adversely impact this Halal supply chain industry indicating need for rethinking on efficiency, competitiveness and sustainability of this emerging industry. Halal supply chain services are eco-friendly, preferred by customer and produces higher gross social welfare, but those benefits come along with a higher production cost compared to ordinary supply chain services. Hence policy incentives besides other sustainability strategies would be necessary for growth considerations of Halal supply chain ecosystem. This, theory adaptation category conceptual paper endeavors to analyze Halal integrity and sustainability nexus of freight forwarding services in an emerging Halal supply chain ecosystem in Malaysian context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]