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The green rice leafhopper, Nephotettix cincticeps (Uhler), is an important rice pest and a vector of the rice dwarf virus in Asia. Here, we produced a high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly of 753.23 Mb using PacBio (∼110×) and Hi-C data (∼94×). It contained 163 scaffolds and 950 contigs, whose scaffold/contig N50 lengths reached 85.36/2.57 Mb. And 731.19 Mb (97.07%) of the assembly was anchored into eight pseudochromosomes. Genome completeness was attained to 97.0% according to the insect reference Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs (BUSCO) gene set (n = 1,367). We masked 347.10 Mb (46.08%) of the genome as repetitive elements. Nine hundred sixty-two noncoding RNAs were identified and 14,337 protein-coding genes were predicted. We also assigned GO term and KEGG pathway annotations for 10,049 and 9,251 genes, respectively. Significantly expanded gene families were primarily involved in immunity, cuticle, digestion, detoxification, and embryonic development. This study provided a crucial genomic resource for better understanding on the biology and evolution in family Cicadellidae.

Two new species of the leafhopper genus Calodia Nielson are described and illustrated: C. quadrimaculasp. nov. from Guizhou and Yunnan Provinces and C. zuoaesp. nov. from Yunnan Province, China. A checklist along with distribution and a key to species based on male genitalia of the genus Calodia from China are provided. Olidiana nigritibiana (Li), comb. nov. (earlier in the genus Calodia) is proposed. At present, this genus comprises 45 known species worldwide, of which 19 species are recorded from China.

Three new species of the leafhopper genus Oncopsis: O. graciaedeagus sp. n., O. hailuogouensis sp. n. and O. ludingensis sp. n., from Sichuan Province, Southwestern China are described and illustrated in the current paper along with amap showing the type locality (Hailuogou) of these new species in Sichuan Province, China.

General characteristics of Gladkara Dworakowska and a checklist to all the known species of this genus are provided. A new species Gladkara klongensis Song & Dietrich, sp. n. from Thailand is added.

Simaonukia, a new leafhopper genus of Evacanthini (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Evacanthinae), and a new species, Simaonukia longispinus sp. n. from Yunnan, China are described.

Wang, Xian-Yi, Fan, Zhi-Hua, Li, Zi-Zhong, Dai, Ren-Huai (2019): Key to genera of Chinese Coelidiinae leafhoppers, with description a new species of the leafhopper genus Baseprocessa (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae). Zootaxa 4701 (5): 454-460, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4701.5.5

General characteristics of Multiproductus and a new species Multiproductus complantus sp. n. are described and illustrated. A key is given to distinguish all species of the genus.

Four new species of the genus Olidiana are described and illustrated from the southern part of China (Oriental Region): Olidiana clavispinata Fan and Dai, new species, O. dendritica Fan and Dai, new species, O.longa Fan and Dai, new species, O. longiforma Fan and Dai, new species.

A new monobasic leafhopper genus and species of the tribe Agalliini (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha, Cicadellidae: Megophthalminae), Multinervis guangxiensis Li and Li, new genus and new species, is described and illustrated from Guangxi in Southern China. Multinervis appears to be closely related to three Southeast Asian genera, Dryodurgades Zakhvatkin 1946, Paulagallia Viraktamath, 2011 in reticular venation on forewings and Sangeeta Viraktamath, 2011 in upper striations at face, but can be distinguished mainly by the unique characters of the male genitalia and the structure of external morphology.

Two new leafhopper species, Pediopsoides (Celopsis) rhombica sp. nov. from Guizhou Province, and P. (C.) trifurcata sp. nov. from Hainan Province of China, are described and illustrated. The type specimens examined here are deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China (GUGC). View this article in BioOne

Two new species of the leafhopper genus Dryodurgades Zakhvatkin, D. caoi Li, Dai and Li from Gansu Province of Northern China (Palearctic part) and D. fanjingshanensis Li, Dai and Li from Guizhou Province of Southern China (Oriental part), are described and illustrated. An updated checklist and distribution of all known species of the genus are given and a key based on the male aedeagus is provided to help distinguish species of the genus.

The bamboo-feeding species of tribe Evacanthini are reviewed. They include 9 genera and 13 species: Angustella leucostriata Li & Wang, 1991, Boundarus nigronotus Zhang, Zhang & Wei, 2010a, Carinata kelloggii (Baker, 1923), C. nigrofasciata Li & Wang, 1994a, Convexana fleura Chen, Yang & Li, 2012, Evacanthus repexus Distant, 1908, Onukia guttata Li & Wang, 1991, O. nigra Li & Wang, 1991, Parapythamus suiyangensis Li & Li, 2011, Taperus fasciatus Li & Wang, 1994b, T. luchunensis Zhang, Zhang & Wei, 2010b and the two new species, Bundera bambusana sp. nov. and Paraonukia wangmoensis sp. nov. The new species are described and all the species are photographed and illustrated. A key to these 13 species is also given.

The bamboo-feeding species of genus Scaphoideus Uhler (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) from China are re-viewed to include 7 species: S. conicaplateus Li & Dai, 2004 (China: Guizhou), S. fanjingensis Li & Dai, 2004 (China: Guizhou), S. festivus Matsumura, 1902 (China: Guizhou, Yunnan, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Ningxia, Hunan, Beijing, Hebei, Henan, Jiangxi, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan and Taiwan; India; Sri Lanka; Japan; Korea), S. kumamotonis Mat-sumura, 1914 (China: Guizhou, Yunnan, Tibet, Sichuan, Zhejiang and Henan; Japan), S. nigrigenatus Li, 1990 (China: Guizhou, Sichuan and Hubei), S. nigrivalveus Li & Wang, 2005 (China: Guizhou and Hubei) and S. yaanensis sp. nov. (China: Sichuan). All seven species are re-illustrated and photographed. The new species is described. A key to the bam-boo-feeding species of Scaphoideus is also provided.

In the present paper, nine new species, Arboridia anteoculara, A. baiyunensis, A. reniformis, A. lunula, A. cuihuashana, A. paraprocessa, A. echinata, A. tridentata, A. zhenyuana spp. n. and a new record, A. agrillacea from China, are de-scribed and illustrated and a key for identification of Chinese species is provided.

A new genus of tribe Erythroneurini from Thailand, Thaioneura gen. n., including three new species: Thaioneura nigrilinea sp. n. (type species), Thaioneura sinuata sp. n. and Thaioneura suphanburia sp. n., is described and illustrated and a key to species is provided. The new genus exhibits a pattern of interspecific variation in the hind wing venation that has not been observed in other genera of the tribe.

The leafhopper genus Salka Dworakowska, 1972 belongs to the Typhlocybinae tribe Erythroneurini with Zygina nigricans Matsumura, 1932 as its type species. The known species of this genus are distributed in the Oriental and Palearctic regions. Recently, it was reviewed by Zhang et al. (2009), Ohara (2012) and SongLi (2012). Seventy-eight species are known, including 36 species from China. In this present work, two new species from China are described and illustrated. All specimens examined are deposited to the collection of the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, China (GUGC).

A new leafhopper genus of the tribe Idiocerini (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha: Cicadellidae), Chinaocerus, is described from the southwest China together with three new species, C. kangdingensis ZhangLi sp. nov. (Sichuan Province), C. bispinatus ZhangLi sp. nov. (Yunnan Province) and C. shii ZhangLi sp. nov. (Sichuan Province). Descriptions and illustrations of these three new species are provided, and a key for their separation is also given.

A new species, Bambusananus bispinosus sp. nov., is described and illustrated from Yunnan Province, China. A key based on the aedeagus is given to distinguish all species of the genus. The type specimens of the new species are deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China (GUGC).

Igerna Kirkaldy is reported for the first time from China. The new species I. tenuicaula Li, Dai & Li sp. nov. is described and illustrated from Yunnan province of southern China.

Two new species of leafhopper subgenus Pediopsoides (Pediopsoides) Matsumura, 1912 P. (P.) bispinata Li, Dai & Li sp. nov. and P. (P.) nigrolabium Li, Dai & Li sp. nov. from southern China, are described and illustrated. An updated checklist and distribution of the subgenus from the world is provided, along with a key to distinguish all species of the subgenus.

A field experiment study was conducted in Bashang Plateau in North China in 2008 to determine the effect of three first cutting dates on the growth and water use efficiency (WUE) of Siberian wildrye ( Elymus sibiricus L.) in the agropastoral ecotone of North China (APENC). The experiment was conducted in a split plot design with three replications with water supply regime as the main plot treatment and first cutting date as the subplot treatment. Two water supply regimes were used, which included rain-fed treatment as control (CK) and a single irrigation and straw mulch treatment (W). Three first cutting date treatments were conducted at early heading stage on July 1 (E), at late heading stage on July 12 (L), and at flowering stage on July 27 (F), respectively. The results showed that the forage yield and WUE were the lowest at early heading stage harvest, while the highest at flowering stage either in CK or W treatment. Under combined CK and W treatments, average forage yields of the F subplots were 2 900 and 6 703 kg ha −1 , and the values of WUE were 0.82 and 2.28 kg m −3 , respectively. Under the CK treatment, forage yields of the E and L subplots were 43.8 and 41.9% lower than the F subplots, and their values of WUE were 46.2 and 50.3% lower than F, respectively. Under the W treatment, the forage yields of the E and L subplots were 74.9 and 61.6% lower, and their values of WUE were 78.1 and 63.3% lower, respectively, as compared with F subplots. Therefore, earlier first cutting did not increase the regrowth of Siberian wildrye and improve the mismatch between rainy season and the period of high growth potential of the grass in the semiarid APENC.

Two new species Pedionis (Pedionis) nankunshanensis Li, Dai & Li sp. n. and P. (P.) tabulatus Li, Dai & Li sp. n. from China are described and illustrated. A key is given to separate all species of this genus (except P. (P.) oeroe and P. (P.) thyia).

The gel-liquid crystal phase transitions (PT) in bilayers formed from a series of synthetic sodium dialkylmethyl sulphates have been studied by both fluorescence and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) methods, which are between the transitions of the corresponding phospholipids and the quarternary ammonium salt bilayers possessing the same hydrocarbon chains. The fluorescence I3/I2 ratio (R) of probe pyrene in the bilayers decreases below and increases above the transitions respectively with increasing the chain length of the surfactants in the series SUDS, SPHS, and SHOS. In addition, the difference between the R above and below the transition (ΔR) is larger in the suspension prepared at the temperature above that of the transition than in that formed at room temperature. Intermembrane transfer and transbilayer migration (flip-flop) evaluated by means of DSC of a mixture of equimolar aqueous dispersions of SHOS and SPHS as well as by ESR of bilayer embedding the stable free radical 4-HD-TEMPO in the presence and absence of excess ascorbic acid take place noticeably only at the temperature above that of the transitions. Cholesterol has shown the same effect on ΔR as to decrease the length of the alkyl chain of the surfactants. It also causes a decrease of the fluorescence Intensity ratio of excimer to monomer of pyrene, Ie/Im(S), in both phase. The results are discussed in terms of bilayer structure, chain fluidity, and permeability of water.

The isomerization kinetics of a spiropyran (1) and a spirooxazine (2) embedded in bilayer membranes of sodium 1-pentadecylhexadecyl sulfate (3) and sodium 1-undecyl dodecyl sulfate (4), respectively, were investigated. The thermal decay of 2 obeyed first-order kinetics, whereas that of 1 consisted of two simultaneous first-order processes. Kinetic parameters; were obtained from Arrhenius plots.

The hourly and daily variation of calling behavior and sex pheromone production by the female black cutworm moth, Agrotis ypsilon (Rottemberg), were investigated. Both calling behavior and titers of five sex pheromone components showed distinct diel rhythms, and peak periods of calling and pheromone titer were synchronous. Females began to call on the first night after eclosion and called mainly during the second half of the scotophase. The percentage of females calling increased in 1 to 3-d-old females and decreased in 3 to 7-d-old females. Females advanced their calling time with increasing age (1 to 7 d). GC-MS analysis of hexane extracts of pheromone glands revealed that the titers of the five sex pheromone components were very low on the first night after eclosion, but increased sharply and peaked on the third night. Titers decreased greatly with increasing age (3 to 7 d), but from the onset of the scotophase to 4.5 h into scotophase, titers remained invariate. However, from 4.5 to 7 h, pheromone titers, especially that of the primary component Z7-12:Ac, increased sharply and peaked. After the peak, the titers decreased greatly at 8 h, and thereafter decreased gradually to the level before 4.5 h. The quantity of each component almost reached zero after lights-on.

The sex pheromone blend of a China strain of the black cutworm moth Agrotis ypsilon (Rottemberg) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) was investigated. Chemical analysis of pheromone gland extracts of 3-day-old females showed that individual isolated glands contained only very small amounts of pheromone. The high-resolution gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis showed the presence of Cis-7-dodecenyl acetate (Z7-12:Ac, A), Cis-9-tetradecenyl acetate (Z9-14:Ac, B), Cis-11-hexadecenyl acetate (Z11-16:Ac, C), Cis-8-dodecenyl acetate (Z8-12:Ac, E) and Cis-5-decenyl acetate (Z5-10:Ac, D) in biologically active pheromone gland extracts. An extract of one gland from a day 3 female gave the following values for the gland components: 0.245±0.098ng for Z7-12: Ac, 0.080±0.03lng for Z9-14: Ac, 0.089±0.033ng for Z11-16: Ac, 0.085±0.03lng for Z5-10: Ac, 0.105±0.065ng for Z8-12: Ac per female. The percentages of Z7-12:Ac, Z9-14: Ac, Zl1-16: Ac, Z5-10: Ac and Z8-12: Ac in pheromone gland extracts from individual females were (mean±SE) 40.451±13.66, 13.176±5.279, 14.943±5.142, 14.392±6.10 and 17.225±9.792 respectively, and the percentages of Z7-12:Ac, Z9-14:Ac and Zl1-16:Ac were 58.75±9.429, 18.91±7.539 and 22.34±7.209. Field trials indicated that each single component of sex pheromone was non-effective and captured no males. The lures baited with duality compound of AB (3:1) had a certain attraction to males, the mean captured number was 2.6. The attraction ability of the lures baited with ternary compound of ABC (3:1:1) to males added significantly, the mean captured number per trap was 7.40, which was 2.8 times of duality compound of AB (3:1). The contents of sex pheromone could obviously affect its capture ability to males, the mean captured number was the highest at the dosage of 200 μg.

The paper deals with eight species of the genus Paralaevicephalus Ishihara, 1953 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) from China, including four new species, Paralaevicephalus huaxiensis sp. nov. , Paralaevicephalus angustus sp. nov., Paralaevicephalus grossusus sp. nov. and Paralaevicephalus lamellatus sp. nov.. A key is given to distinguish all species of the genus, and illustrations of genitalia are provided. The type specimens of the new species are deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University (IEGU).

In this paper, three new species of the genus Kapsa Dworakowska, 1972 from China are described and illustrated: K. fangxianga n. sp., K. biprocessa n. sp. and K. arca n. sp.

The kinetics effects of carbon dioxide enriched atmosphere on carboxylesterase (CarE) activity from Stegobium paniceum and Lasioderma serricorne were comparatively investigated here. The results showed that L. serricorne had significantly greater specific activity of CarE than S. paniceum [0.399 vs. 0.358 mmol (min mg)−1]. Moreover, CarE of L. serricorne expressed a higher affinity (i.e. lower Km value) to the substrate α-naphthyl acetate than S. paniceum (0.1 vs. 0.8 mM). The in vitro kinetics of CarE showed that there were no significant effects of controlled atmosphere on the affinity of carboxylexterase to α-naphthyl acetate for both pests besides increased of Vmax values. Such result draws attention to the higher tolerance of L. serricorne to CO2-enriched atmosphere and the necessary care required for managing this species with such a control tactic. The information also suggests a potential effect of esterases in mitigating the toxic effect of controlled atmosphere in insect pest species.

A new genus, Tiaobeinia n. gen., and two new species, T. bisubula n. sp. and T. emeiensis n. sp., breeding on bamboo in Southwest China, are described and illustrated. Based on the nature of the face, the apical veins of forewing and hindwing, the hind femur macrosetal formula, the valve, the subgenital plate, and the style, this genus should belong to the subfamily Mukariinae. The related genus Ratfronta Chen & Li 1997, placed previously in subfamily Nirvaninae, is noted in the present paper. A new combination, F. grandis (Ishihara 1961) n. comb., transferred from the genus Mohunia Distant, is proposed. Keys to the species of the new genus Tiaobeinia and the genus Flatfronta are provided. The importance of those groups as pests on bamboo is briefly discussed.

The Oriental bamboo leafhopper genus Mohunia Distant, 1908 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Mukariinae) is revised to include one known species, Mohunia bifasciana Li & Chen (Guizhou), and two new species, Mohunia ventrospina Chen & Li, sp. nov. (Guizhou), Mohunia introspina Chen & Yang, sp. nov. (Guizhou, Yunnan) from China. Two new genera, Neomohunia Chen & Li, gen. nov. and Paramohunia Chen & Li, gen. nov., closely related to Mohunia, are described and illustrated. Two new combinations, Neomohunia pyramida (Li & Chen), com. nov. and Paramohunia notata (Li & Chen), com. nov., both transferred from Mohunia, are proposed. The species Mohunia biguttata Wang & Li was transferred to the subfamily Typhlocybinae. Keys to genera and species of the Mohunia groups are provided. The importance of these groups as a pest on bamboo (Bambusoideae Ascherson & Graebner) is discussed briefly. Biological notes and a discussion of those groups’ pest states are given.

The genus Arboridia Zachvatkin is reviewed, including two new species Arboridia cincta sp.nov. and Arboridia ochracea sp.nov., from Henan province, China. A detailed morphological description and illustrations of the two new species are provided. A key to all known species from China is given.

A new genus of tribe Erythroneurini from China, Laciniata gen. nov. is described and illustrated based on type species L. lijianga sp. nov.

A new replacement name Angustuma nom. nov. is proposed for the leafhopper genus Angustella Li, 1986 of the subfamily Evacanthinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), and twelve new combinations are proposed. A new species Angustuma rudorsuma sp. nov. is described and illustrated from China. A key is given to distinguish all species of the genus. The type specimens of the new species are deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China (GUGC).

The bamboo-feeding species of genus Scaphoideus Uhler (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) from China are reviewed to include 7 species: S. conicaplateus LiDai, 2004 (China: Guizhou), S. fanjingensis LiDai, 2004 (China: Guizhou), S. festivus Matsumura, 1902 (China: Guizhou, Yunnan, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Ningxia, Hunan, Beijing, Hebei, Henan, Jiangxi, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan and Taiwan; India; Sri Lanka; Japan; Korea), S. kumamotonis Matsumura, 1914 (China: Guizhou, Yunnan, Tibet, Sichuan, Zhejiang and Henan; Japan), S. nigrigenatus Li, 1990 (China: Guizhou, Sichuan and Hubei), S. nigrivalveus LiWang, 2005 (China: Guizhou and Hubei) and S. yaanensis sp. nov. (China: Sichuan). All seven species are re-illustrated and photographed. The new species is described. A key to the bamboo-feeding species of Scaphoideus is also provided.

The bamboo-feeding species of tribe Evacanthini are reviewed. They include 9 genera and 13 species: Angustella leucostriata LiWang, 1991, Boundarus nigronotus Zhang, ZhangWei, 2010a, Carinata kelloggii (Baker, 1923), C. nigrofasciata LiWang, 1994a, Convexana fleura Chen, YangLi, 2012, Evacanthus repexus Distant, 1908, Onukia guttata LiWang, 1991, O. nigra LiWang, 1991, Parapythatnus suiyangensis LiLi, 2011, Taperus fasciatus LiWang, 1994b, T. luchunensis Zhang, ZhangWei, 2010b and the two new species, Bundera bambusana sp. nov. and Paraonukia wangnioensis sp. nov. The new species are described and all the species are photographed and illustrated. A key to these 13 species is also given.

A new species, Sangeeta sinuomacula Li, DaiLi sp. nov., of tribe Agalliini of subfamily Megophthalminae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) is described and illustrated from Yunnnan Province of Southwest China. The new species is easily distinguished from other Sangeeta species by the aedeagal shaft with a pair of slender processes instead of lamelliform lateral expansions. A key to Sangeeta species and updated checklist with distribution are provided.

The Chinese leafhopper species of the genus Scaphomonus Viraktamath are reviewed, and one new species Scaphomonus furcatus sp. nov. is described and illustrated. A key is given to distinguish Chinese species of the genus. The type specimens of the new species are deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China (GUGC).

Two new species, Empoascanara conchata, E. longiaedeaga spp. nov. from Yunnan are described and illustrated, and a key to the species recorded from China is provided.

A new genus and species, Bambusimukaria quinquepunctata gen. & sp. n., feeding on bamboo in Guizhou and Fujian, China, are described and illustrated. The characters of crown, frontoclypeus, forewing venations and male genitalia place the new genus in the tribe Mukariini.

An annotated checklist and generic key to the leafhopper tribe Vartini from China is provided. A new species Xenovarta falcata sp. nov. is described and illustrated, and a key is given to separate species of this genus from China. A map showing the geographic distribution of the new species is also provided. The type specimen of the new species is deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China (GUGC).

The paper deals with 21 valid species of the genus Thagria from Guangxi Autonomous Region, China. Eight new species are described and illustrated: T. biprocessa FanDai, sp. nov., T. decussata FanDai, sp. nov., T. irregularis FanDai, sp. nov., T. multispinosa FanDai, sp. nov., T. paramultipars FanLi, sp. nov., T. triangula FanLi, sp. nov., T. trifasciata FanLi, sp. nov. and T. webbi FanLi, sp. nov.. A key is given to distinguish all species of this genus from Guangxi, China and maps showing the geographic distribution of new species are also provided. The name Thagria xuae nom. emend. is given for T. xui Nielson.

Traditional irrigation and nitrogen (N) fertilization in North China may elevate water drainage and nitrate concentrations in soil and groundwater. A field experiment was conducted in an intensively irrigated vegetable (cauliflower, amaranth, and spinach) field for three consecutive years (1999-2002). The main objective was to test to what extent an improved water and fertilizer management, based on the maintenance of field capacity a defined range of the water content in the 0-50 cm soil layer and an N expert system, could reduce drainage and nitrate leaching without impairing vegetable yield. Rates of water drainage and related nitrate leaching were calculated based on measurements of soil water potential and soil-water nitrate concentrations. Soil water potential was monitored with tensiometers at depths of 75 cm and 105 cm. Nitrate concentrations were analyzed in soil leachates collected at 90cm soil depth using ceramic suction cups. The results revealed that the average annual drainage related to the cultivation season for cauliflower, amaranth, and spinach was reduced from 275 mm in the traditional system to 29 mm with improved management practice. The average annual cumulative nitrate leaching during the vegetable-growing period amounted to 301 kg ha -1 and 13 kg ha -1 in the traditional and improved management practices, respectively. Vegetable yields were not significantly different under the traditional and improved management practices.

Two new species of Caristianus Distant (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidae: Achilidae), C. maolanensis Chen and Li sp. nov. and C. liaoi Chen and Tsai sp. nov., are described from specimens collected in Maolan National Nature Reserve in Guizhou Province, China. Male genitalia of the new species are illustrated and a dorsal habitus is provided for the male of C. maolanensis. A key for identifying the species of Caristianus is included.