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Peiling Zhou,1 Shiyu Peng,2 Sizhe Wen,1 Qinghui Lan,1 Yingyin Zhuang,1 Xuyan Li,1 Mengliang Shi,1,3 Changzheng Zhang1 1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Development and Education for Special Needs Children & School of Educational Sciences, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, 524048, People’s Republic of China; 2Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 3School of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Changzheng Zhang, School of Educational Sciences, Lingnan Normal University, 29 Cunjin Road, Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province, 524048, People’s Republic of China, Email neurozhang@163.com Mengliang Shi, School of Education, South China Normal University, 55 West Zhongshan Avenue, Shipai Street, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510631, People’s Republic of China, Email 20240169@m.scnu.edu.cnAbstract: The cerebellum has long been implicated in the etiopathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and emerging evidence suggests a significant contribution by reciprocal neural circuits between the cerebellum and ventral tegmental area (VTA) in symptom expression. This review provides a concise overview of morphological and functional alterations in the cerebellum and VTA associated with ASD symptoms, primarily focusing on human studies while also integrating mechanistic insights from animal models. We propose that cerebello–VTA circuit dysfunctional is a major contributor to ASD symptoms and that these circuits are promising targets for drugs and therapeutic brain stimulation methods.Keywords: autism spectrum disorder, cerebellum, ventral tegmental area, neural circuit

Fengsong Chen,1,* Yanhua Huang,1,* Yongxia Liu,2 Yanwen Zhuang,3 Xiaowei Cao,3 Xiaogang Qin2 1Department of Gastroenterology, Nantong Haimen People’s Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226100, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of gastroenterology, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Tongzhou District, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226300, People’s Republic of China; 3Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225001, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xiaogang Qin, Email tzqinxiaogang@163.comBackground: Colorectal cancer (CRC) has become a significant global public health challenge, demanding immediate attention due to its high incidence and mortality rates. Regular CRC screening is essential for the early detection of precancerous lesions and CRC.Methods: : We developed a novel surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) analysis platform that employs high-throughput microarray chips as carriers and Au/SnO2 nanoring arrays (Au/SnO2 NRAs) as substrates. This platform utilizes an aptamer recognition-release strategy to achieve efficient and sensitive detection of protein tumor markers. In the detection process, the strong affinity and high specificity between the aptamer and the target protein result in competitive replacement of the SERS nanoprobes originally bound to the substrate surface. As a result, the SERS nanoprobes carrying Raman reporter genes are dislodged, leading to a reduction in the SERS signal intensity.Results: The platform demonstrated excellent detection performance, with rapid detection completed within 15 minutes and limits of detection (LOD) as low as 6.2× 10− 12 g/mL for hnRNP A1 and 6.51× 10− 12 g/mL for S100P. Clinical samples analyzed using the SERS platform showed high consistency with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results.Conclusion: This platform offers strong support for the early detection, risk assessment, and treatment monitoring of colorectal cancer precancerous lesions, with broad potential for clinical applications.Keywords: colorectal cancer, precancerous lesions, surface enhanced raman scattering, aptamer, microarray chip

Xuanling Chen,1,&ast; Xuewei Qin,1,&ast; Yutong Zhuang,2 Zhengqian Li,3 Zhenhu Liang,4 Hua Zhang,5 Lan Yao,1 Xiaoli Li,6 Jianghong He,7 Xiangyang Guo3 1Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Neurosurgery, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 4Institute of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, People’s Republic of China; 5Clinical Epidemiology Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 6The State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 7Department of Neurosurgery, Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xiangyang Guo, Peking University, Third Hospital, 49 huayuan North Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, People’s Republic of China, Email puthmzk@hsc.pku.edu.cn Jianghong He, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, 119 South Fourth Ring Road West, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, People’s Republic of China, Email hejianghong@sina.cnObjective: To observe whether maintaining the appropriate depth of anesthesia with Bispectral Index (BIS) can improve the prognosis of Spinal Cord stimulation (SCS) implantation in patients with chronic Disorders of consciousness (DoC).Methods: 103 patients with DoC undergoing SCS implantation were reviewed, and 83 patients with DoC were included according to the standard of inclusion and exclusion Criteria. Patients were divided into a BIS group (n =45) and a non-BIS group (n =38) according to whether BIS monitoring was used during the operation. The depth of anesthesia in the BIS group was maintained between 40– 60. The anesthesiologist adjusted the depth of anesthesia in the non-BIS group according to clinical experience. Relevant information such as disease course, cause, anesthesia time, and operation time were collected. Preoperative CRS-R(preoperative) score, postoperative CRS-R(24h), and postoperative CRS-R(3m) changes were collected.Results: The CRS-R(3m) score in the BIS group was higher than that in the non-BIS group (preoperative), and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). In CRS-R (24h), the BIS group was higher than the non-BIS group, and the difference was statistically significant (X2=8.787, P =0.004). The improvement of consciousness was included in the multivariate Logistic regression analysis model, and it was found that the thalamus was an independent factor affecting the improvement of consciousness (P < 0.05). During follow-up, 1 patient in the BIS group had a decrease in consciousness from MCS− to VS/ UWS and 2 patients in the non-BIS group died during follow-up.Conclusion: Patients can be benefit in hearing in CRS-R (24h). We recommend the use of BIS to monitor the depth of anesthesia in patients with DoC to improve patient outcomes.Keywords: chronic disturbance of consciousness, vegetative state/unresponsive wakefulness syndrome, spinal cord stimulation, general anesthesia, bispectral index, improved coma recovery scale

Shaojie Li,1,&ast; Qiangqiang Feng,1,&ast; Jiayin Wang,1 Baofang Wu,1 Weizhi Qiu,1 Yiming Zhuang,2 Yong Wang,3 Hongzhi Gao1 1Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, 362000, People’s Republic of China; 2Internal Medicine, Quanzhou Quangang District Hillside Street Community Health Service Center, Quanzhou, Fujian, 362000, People’s Republic of China; 3Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, The Third Hospital of Quanzhou, Quanzhou, Fujian, 362000, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yong Wang; Hongzhi Gao, Email 120432246@qq.com; gaohongzhi@fjmu.edu.cnObjective: To develop a validated machine learning (ML) algorithm for predicting the risk of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI).Materials and Methods: We employed the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) to identify critical features related to pneumonia. Five ML models—Logistic Regression (LR), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB), Random Forest (RF), Naive Bayes Classifier (NB), and Support Vector Machine (SVC)—were developed and assessed using the training and validation datasets. The optimal model was selected based on its performance metrics and used to create a dynamic web-based nomogram.Results: In a cohort of 858 TBI patients, the HAP incidence was 41.02%. LR was determined to be the optimal model with superior performance metrics including AUC, accuracy, and F1-score. Key predictive factors included Age, Glasgow Coma Score, Rotterdam Score, D-dimer, and the Systemic Immune Response to Inflammation Index (SIRI). The nomogram developed based on these predictors demonstrated high predictive accuracy, with AUCs of 0.818 and 0.819 for the training and validation datasets, respectively. Decision curve analysis (DCA) and calibration curves validated the model’s clinical utility and accuracy.Conclusion: We successfully developed and validated a high-performance ML algorithm to assess the risk of HAP in TBI patients. The dynamic nomogram provides a practical tool for real-time risk assessment, potentially improving clinical outcomes by aiding in early intervention and personalized patient management.Keywords: traumatic brain injury, machine learning, hospital-acquired pneumonia, dynamic nomogram, imaging metrics

Junhua Zhu, Yue Zhuang, Wenjing Li School of Safety Science and Emergency Management, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yue Zhuang, Email zhuangyue@whut.edu.cnPurpose: The use of multi-source precursor data to predict the epidemic risk level would aid in the early and timely identification of the epidemic risk of infectious diseases. To achieve this, a new comprehensive big data fusion assessment method must be developed.Methods: With the help of the Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM) model, this paper proposes a risk portrait for the whole process of a pandemic spreading. Using medical, human behaviour, internet and geo-meteorological data, a hierarchical multi-source dataset was developed with three function module tags, ie, Basic Risk Factors (BRF), the Spread of Epidemic Threats (SET) and Risk Influencing Factors (RIF).Results: Using the dynamic functional network diagram of the risk assessment functional module, the FRAM portrait was applied to pandemic case analysis in Wuhan in 2020. This new-format FRAM portrait model offers a potential early and rapid risk assessment method that could be applied in future acute public health events.Keywords: epidemic risk, FRAM, model, big data portrait

Xian Du,1,&ast; Jun Hu,1,&ast; Jianhua Xue,1 Yuan Zhuang,2 Xuefeng Tang,1 Zhiyue Xu1 1Health Examination Center, Shanghai Health and Medical Center (Huadong Sanatorium), Wuxi, People’s Republic of China; 2The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Zhiyue Xu; Xuefeng Tang, Health Examination Center, Shanghai Health and Medical Center (Huadong Sanatorium), 67 Dajishan, Wuxi, 214065, People’s Republic of China, Email hepenxiaozi@163.com; 978665164@qq.comPurpose: Fatigue was a common symptom of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which seriously affected patients’ quality of life. The aim of this study was to detect fatigue rate and to evaluate factors associated with fatigue in NAFLD patients.Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out from the Huadong Sanatorium between April 2022 and May 2023, and 133 NAFLD patients were included in this study. They completed Fatigue Severity Scale to assess fatigue, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale to estimate psychological status, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index for sleep quality. Data were analyzed by independent samples t-tests, χ 2 tests and logistic regression models.Results: We found that 51.1% of NAFLD patients had fatigue. Exercise, anxiety, depression, subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disorders, daytime dysfunction and overall sleep quality were related to fatigue among NAFLD patients. Moreover, logistic regression models indicated anxiety, habitual sleep efficiency and sleep disorders as important predictors of fatigue.Conclusion: This was the first time to explore demographic, clinical, psychological and sleeping correlated factors for fatigue in Chinese NAFLD patients. Our study showed that more than half of NAFLD patients had fatigue, and anxiety, habitual sleep efficiency and sleep disorders were significantly associated with fatigue in NAFLD. The findings indicated that it was very necessary to pay more attention to fatigue of NAFLD patients, especially those with negative emotions and poor sleep quality by favorable intervention to relieve fatigue symptoms, so as to improve quality of life.Keywords: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, fatigue, exercise, anxiety, sleep

Yuan Zhuang,1,2 Ru Zhang,3,4 Miaomiao Li,3,4 Yaru Zou,1 Shui Jiang,1 Yanan Zhang,1 Shiguo Liu,3,4 Bo Yu1 1Dermatological Department, The Affiliated Hospital of QingdaoUniversity, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China; 2dermatological department, Women and Children’s hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China; 3Medical Genetic Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China; 4Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Bo Yu, Dermatological department, The Affiliated Hospital of QingdaoUniversity, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China, Email yubo@qduhospital.cn Shiguo Liu, Medical Genetic Department, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China, Email liushiguo@qdu.edu.cnIntroduction: Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) is a genetic disorder that influences structures of ectodermal origin, such as teeth, hair, and sweat glands. Compared with autosomal recessive and dominant modes of inheritance, the X-linked HED (XLHED) characterized by Hypodontia/Oligodontia teeth, Absent/sparse hair, Anhidrosis/hypohidrosis, and characteristic facial features, is the most frequent and its primary cause is the mutation of ectodysplasin A (EDA) gene. This research aimed to expound the clinical and molecular features of a Chinese male with XLHED and to summarize and compare several previous findings.Methods: Genomic DNA was obtained from the peripheral blood of the proband and his family members, then Sanger sequencing was used to perform a mutational analysis of EDA. Real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting were used to detect EDA expression. The transcriptional activity of NF-κB was detected using a luciferase assay.Results: The probandwith XLHED was identified a novel EDA mutation, c.1119G>C(p.M373I), that affected the molecular analysis of transmembrane protein exon8 mutations, inherited from the mother. He showed a severe multiple-tooth loss, with over 20 permanent teeth missing and sparse hair and eyebrows, dry, thin, and itching skin. Furthermore, his sweating function was abnormal to a certain extent.Discussion: The functional study showed that this novel mutant led to a significant decrease in the EDA expression level and transcriptional activity of NF-κB. Our findings extend the range of EDA mutations in XLHED patients, which provides the basis and idea for further exploring the pathogenesis of XLHED.Keywords: EDA, X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, gene mutation

Wei Peng, Yin Zhuang, Wei Cui, Wenjin Chen, Rupeng Chu, Zhenzhong Sun, Shujun Zhang Department of Spine Surgery, Wuxi Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Shujun Zhang, Department of Spine Surgery, Wuxi Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, No. 999 Liangqing Road, Binhu District, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13861741839, Email spine_zhang@vip.163.comAbstract: This study describes a patient with an intradural extramedullary (IDEM) tumor removed entirely using the unilateral biportal endoscopic technique (UBE), achieving satisfactory clinical outcomes. A 60-year-old woman had a diagnosis of meningioma with sensations and motor dysfunction in the lower extremities and perineum and gait disturbances for three years, which has worsened over the last month. Preoperative imaging data showed a sizeable IDEM tumor at the T10 level, significantly compressing the thoracic spinal cord to the right side, with 80% intraspinal encroachment. The IDEM tumor was removed entirely by UBE surgery. To the best of our knowledge, this study may be the first to report the application of UBE techniques for IDEM tumor treatment. In this case, UBE provides a magnified and clear surgical field, greater maneuverability, and a less invasive surgical procedure. The procedure objectives were pathological confirmation, spinal cord decompression, and complete tumor removal; all were met. The patient was satisfied with her dramatically improved clinical symptoms. UBE may be an alternative surgical treatment option for benign IDEM tumors presenting with symptomatic, especially the non-giant lateral and posterior tumors.Keywords: unilateral biportal endoscopy, endoscopic spine surgery, intradural extramedullary, tumor, meningioma

Yubin Zhu,1 Yilu Zhuang,2 Yawen Yu,2 Jinyue Wang,2 Yongtai Liu,3 Zhi Ruan,2,4 Wei Xiao,5 Yingying Kong2,4 1Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 3The First Division Hospital of XinJiang Production and Construction Group, XinJiang, People’s Republic of China; 4Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Emergency Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yingying Kong; Wei Xiao, Email kongyy@zju.edu.cn; Xiaowei 2022@zju.edu.cnAbstract: Raoultella planticola is an emerging bacterial pathogen responsible for causing infections in both humans and animals. Unfortunately, sporadic reports of carbapenem-resistant R. planticola (CRRP) have been documented worldwide. Here we first reported the complete genome sequence of a CRRP isolate RP_3045 co-carrying blaIMP-4 and blaSHV-12, recovered from a patient in China, and its genetic relatedness to 82 R. planticola strains deposited in the NCBI GenBank database, sourced from humans, animals, and the environment. Whole-genome sequencing was performed using the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 and Oxford Nanopore MinION platforms. Phylogenetic analysis was also performed and visualized using a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based strategy. The complete genome of R. planticola strain RP_3045 was determined to be 6,312,961 bp in length, comprising five contigs that included one chromosome and four plasmids. RP_3045 was found to be multidrug-resistant and harbored several antimicrobial resistance genes, including both blaIMP-4 and blaSHV-12 genes located on a single plasmid. The most closely related strain was hkcpe63, recovered from humans in Hong Kong, China, in 2014, with 506 SNP differences. R. planticola strains were distributed globally and exhibited strong associations among isolates obtained from different sectors. This study provides evidence for the potential of R. planticola to disseminate carbapenem resistance across different sectors, highlighting the critical need for active and continuous surveillance of CRRP.Keywords: Raoultella planticola, blaIMP-4, blaSHV-12, antimicrobial resistance

Junning Cheng,&ast; Yuewen Lao,&ast; Xiangping Chen, Xiaoting Qiao, Weijing Sui, Xiaoyan Gong, Yiyu Zhuang Nursing Department, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yiyu Zhuang, Nursing Department, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8613588708076, Email zhuangyy@zju.edu.cnPurpose: To develop a dynamic nomogram of subsyndromal delirium (SSD) in intensive care unit (ICU) patients and internally validate its efficacy in predicting SSD.Patients and Methods: Patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria in the ICU of a tertiary hospital in Zhejiang from September 2021 to June 2022 were selected as the research objects. The patient data were randomly divided into the training set and validation set according to the ratio of 7:3. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and multivariate logistic regression were used to screen the predictors of SSD, and R software was used to construct a dynamic nomogram. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration band and decision curve were used to evaluate the discrimination, calibration and clinical effectiveness of the model.Results: A total of 1000 eligible patients were included, including 700 in the training set and 300 in the validation set. Age, drinking history, C reactive protein level, APACHE II, indwelling urinary catheter, mechanical ventilation, cerebrovascular disease, respiratory failure, constraint, dexmedetomidine, and propofol were predictors of SSD in ICU patients. The ROC curve values of the training set was 0.902 (95% confidence interval: 0.879– 0.925), the best cutoff value was 0.264, the specificity was 78.4%, and the sensitivity was 88.0%. The ROC curve values of the validation set was 0.888 (95% confidence interval: 0.850– 0.930), the best cutoff value was 0.543, the specificity was 94.9%, and the sensitivity was 70.9%. The calibration band showed good calibration in the training and validation set. Decision curve analysis showed that the net benefit in the model was significantly high.Conclusion: The dynamic nomogram has good predictive performance, so it is a precise and effective tool for medical staff to predict and manage SSD in the early stage.Keywords: subsyndromal delirium, intensive care unit, nomogram, prediction model, LASSO

Huiying Lv, Yawen Zhuang, Weijing Wu Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou City, Fujian Province, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Weijing Wu, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 34, Zhongshan Bei Road, Lichen District, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8615159883230, Fax +86 595 22770258, Email wuweijing2010@163.comBackground: Tannerella forsythia is a gram-negative anaerobic bacterium commonly found in the oral cavity. It is among the common pathogenic bacteria associated with gingivitis, chronic periodontitis, and aggressive periodontitis. However, there is currently no literature discussing lung abscesses primarily caused by T. forsythia infection.Presentation: This article presents the case of a 55-year-old male with a massive lung abscess. The patient underwent ultrasound-guided percutaneous drainage, and the sample was sent for pathogen metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) testing. The test indicated that the lung abscess was primarily caused by T. forsythia infection. A literature review was conducted to understand the characteristics of this pathogen as well as its clinical features and suitable treatment approaches.Conclusion: Currently, there is no literature specifically mentioning T. forsythia as a primary pathogen causing lung abscesses. This anaerobic bacterium is commonly found in the oral cavity and is difficult to cultivate using routine culture methods. mNGS emerges as a value diagnostic method for identifying this pathogen. Treatment recommendations include drainage and antibiotic selection encompassing common periodontal pathogens such as red complex bacteria and Actinomyces.Keywords: Tannerella forsythia, lung abscess, metagenomic next-generation sequencing, drainage

Junying Jiang,1,&ast; Yan Zhuang,2,&ast; Shuting Si,2 Haoyue Cheng,2 Xialidan Alifu,2 Minjia Mo,2 Haibo Zhou,2 Hui Liu,3 Yunxian Yu2 1Department of Women’s Health, Yiwu Maternity and Children Hospital, Yiwu, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, People’s Republic of China; 3Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yunxian Yu, Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China, Email yunxianyu@zju.edu.cnObjective: This study aimed to investigate the association of reproductive hormones with primary dysmenorrhea in Chinese women.Methods: A case–control study was conducted and patients with primary dysmenorrhea and non-dysmenorrhea participants were recruited. Oxytocin, PGF2α, vasopressin, estriol and estradiol were respectively measured in plasma collected three to five days after menstruation. Restricted cubic spline and multiple logistic regression models were adopted to analyze the association between hormones and primary dysmenorrhea.Results: There were 604 participants enrolled in our study including 300 patients with primary dysmenorrhea. After adjustment for the potential confounders, oxytocin levels (Q3: OR (95% CI) = 0.50 (0.27~0.95) (p=0.035); Q4: 0.34 (0.17~0.66) (p=0.001)) and PGF2α levels (Q3: 0.45 (0.24~0.87) (p=0.017); Q4: 0.43 (0.22~0.84) (p=0.013)) were respectively associated with an decreased risk of primary dysmenorrhea, but estradiol (Q2: 2.18 (1.13~4.19) (p=0.020); Q3: 2.17 (1.12~4.19) (p=0.022)) and vasopressin (Q3: 2.88 (1.48~5.63) (p=0.002); Q4: 3.20 (1.65~6.22) (p< 0.001)) with an increased risk of primary dysmenorrhea, respectively. Among patients with primary dysmenorrhea, the higher estriol level was associated with higher frequent dysmenorrhea (Q2: 3.12 (1.32~7.34) (p=0.009); Q3: 4.97 (2.08~11.85) (p< 0.001)) and always dysmenorrhea (Q2: 2.51 (1.03~6.11) (p=0.041); Q3: 3.10 (1.25~7.73) (p=0.015)). Similarly, high estriol levels were associated with the higher degree of pain significantly only when hormone levels were at a high level (Q3: 2.06 (1.03~4.18) (p=0.043)).Conclusion: Higher serum vasopressin and estradiol concentrations as well as lower oxytocin and PGF2α levels were associated with higher risk of primary dysmenorrhea. Estrogen showed a reverse U-shape association on the frequency and degree of pain among patients with primary dysmenorrhea.Keywords: primary dysmenorrhea, reproductive hormone, restricted cubic spline

Meng-qin Wang,1,&ast; Ying Zhuang,1,&ast; Ya-ning Zheng2 1Department of Obstetrics, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Gynecology Otolaryngology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Ya-ning Zheng, Email zhengyaqinzyq@126.comBackground: Neonatal hypoglycemia (NH) is a common clinical symptom that can occur in both normal and critically ill neonates. The placenta is the site of material exchange between the mother and the fetus, a special organ shared by the mother and the fetus during pregnancy, and one of its important functions is to transfer nutrients from the mother to the fetus. Terbutaline is used to relax frequent uterine contractions before delivery, and it can penetrate the placental barrier and affect the normal decomposition of neonatal glycogen. The situation is neonatal hypoglycemia if not timely detection and interventions in time, the neonate may have recurrent hypoglycemia, leading to irreversible nervous system damage, such as neonatal hypoglycemic encephalopathy, and visual and cognitive impairment.Case Report: The male neonate was a single fetus, with a birth weight of 3660 g and a length of 50 cm. The blood glucose at birth was 5 mmol/L, Apgar score was 9– 10, and body temperature was normal. The mother was healthy, was not diabetic, and had no other risk factors for neonatal hypoglycemia. She was injected with 0.25 mg of terbutaline 6 hours before delivery due to frequent uterine contractions. However, it was found that recurrent hypoglycemia occurred in the neonate even after adequate oral feeding.Conclusion: We included evidence-based use of terbutaline 48 hours before delivery as a high-risk factor for hypoglycemia in the rooming-in neonatal hypoglycemia care program, and formulate the corresponding nursing process, with good effect.Keywords: hypoglycemia, neonatal recurrent hypoglycemia, neonate, terbutaline

In this study, the degradation behavior of flexible GaInP/GaAs/InGaAs (IMM3J) solar cells and their metamorphic subcells under 1 MeV electron irradiation was investigated. The remaining factors such as short-circuit current density (Jsc), open-circuit voltage (Voc), and maximum power (Pmax) were 95.62, 85.52, and 79.73%, respectively, at an irradiation fluence of 2 × 1015 e/cm2. The spectral responses of the InGaAs and GaAs subcells degraded significantly, and the InGaAs subcell experienced greater degradation than the GaAs subcell after irradiation. In addition, the current-limiting unit was switched from GaInP to InGaAs after irradiation. Defect analysis by deep-level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) revealed that with increasing irradiation fluence, the defects that had the greatest impact on the performance of GaAs subcells were EV + 0.36 and EV + 0.42 eV. For InGaAs subcells, the defects that had the greatest impact on the performance were EV + 0.29 and EV + 0.24 eV. The decrease in the minority carrier lifetime is the main reason for the decrease in the electrical performance of solar cells, and the variation in the effective minority carrier lifetime (τeff) in the subcells with the irradiation fluence was calculated based on the DLTS results. At a fluence of 2 × 1015 e/cm2, the τeff of the GaAs and InGaAs subcells decreased from 2.93 × 10−10 and 9.10 × 10−10 s to 1.56 × 10−11 and 1.60 × 10−12 s, respectively. These results provide a reference for predicting the degradation of short-circuit current and open-circuit voltage of flexible IMM3J. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dan Liu,1,&ast; YiWen Fan,2,&ast; YuGang Zhuang,1 Hu Peng,1 ChengJin Gao,3 YanQing Chen1 1Emergency Department, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Affiliated with Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; 3Emergency Department, Xinhua Hospital, affiliated with the Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: ChengJin Gao, Emergency Department, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to the Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665, Kongjiang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 25076045, Email gaochengjin@xinhuamed.com.cn YanQing Chen, Emergency Department, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, affiliated with Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 301, Yanchang Middle Road, Jingan District, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 18917683768, Email 18917683768@189.cnPurpose: Sepsis-related disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is closely associated with poor prognosis and high mortality. Higher blood glucose (BG) variability indicates an increased risk of mortality in sepsis; however, its relationship with sepsis-related DIC has not been investigated. This study aimed to determine the association between glucose variability and sepsis-related DIC.Patients and Methods: Patients with sepsis admitted to the intensive care unit were enrolled between October 2017 and January 2021. Baseline data and BG records from the first 72 h were collected. We calculated the glucose liability index (GLI), largest amplitude of glucose excursion, BG standard deviation, and coefficient of variation on days 1 and 3. The relationship between GLI and morbidity of sepsis-related DIC was explored using a competing risk model. In subgroup analysis, we divided patients with and without diabetes into three groups according to the BG range.Results: Of the 238 patients enrolled, 28.2% developed DIC during hospitalization (n=67). GLI on day 3 was found to have the closest relationship with DIC incidence as it has the largest area under the ROC curve and the highest associated odds ratio of death per unit change (GLI3-day: AUC=0.891 OR=1.84), also independently increased the occurrence of DIC after adjusting for the competing risk of death (sub-distribution hazard ratios=1.866, p< 0.01). In subgroup analysis, patients with diabetes had worse outcomes under hypoglycemia than under hyperglycemia. Patients without diabetes having stable BG had the best outcomes.Conclusion: Our study suggested that a higher GLI in patients with sepsis at 72 h was independently associated with an increased risk of sepsis-related DIC, which was not associated with pre-existing diabetes.Keywords: blood disorder, glycemic variability, hypoglycemia, sepsis

Yangfan Zhuang,1 Hao Tu,1 Quanrui Feng,2 Huiming Tang,3 Li Fu,1 Yuchang Wang,1 Xiangjun Bai1 1Trauma Center/Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Intensive Care Unit, First Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Intensive Care Unit, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xiangjun Bai, Trauma Center/Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People’s Republic of China, Email whtj_bxj@163.comPurpose: Currently, assessing trauma severity alone in geriatric trauma patients (GTPs) cannot accurately predict the risk of serious adverse outcomes during hospitalization. As an emerging concept in recent years, frailty syndrome is closely related to the poor prognosis of many diseases in elderly patients, including trauma. A logistic model for predicting adverse outcomes in elderly trauma patients during hospitalization was constructed in elderly patients, and the predictive efficacy of the model was verified.Patients and Methods: Trauma patients aged ≥ 65 years between June 2020 and September 2021 were selected and randomly divided into a training set and validation set at a ratio of 3:1. Mid arm muscle circumference (MAMC) was measured to determine the degree of frailty. LASSO regression was used to screen appropriate variables for the construction of a prognostic model. The logistic regression model was established and presented in the form of a nomogram. Calibration curves and ROC curves were used to verify the performance of the model.Results: A total of 209 patients were enrolled, including 143 (68.4%) males and 66 (31.6%) females, with an average age of 70.8 ± 4.8 years. Ageless Charlson comorbidity index, BT unit, ISS, GCS, MAMC, prealbumin and lactic acid levels were screened by LASSO regression to construct a prognostic model. The AUC of the ROC analysis prediction model was 0.89 (95% CI 0.80– 0.97) in the validation set. The results of the Hosmer–Lemeshow test for the validation set were χ 2 = 11.23, P = 0.189.Conclusion: The prognostic model of adverse outcomes in GTPs has good accuracy and differentiation, which can improve the prediction results of risk stratification of GTPs during hospitalization by medical staff and provide a new idea for prognostic prediction.Keywords: geriatric trauma patients, frailty, MAMC, prognostic model for adverse outcomes

Yangfan Zhuang,1 Quanrui Feng,2 Huiming Tang,3 Yuchang Wang,1 Zhanfei Li,1 Xiangjun Bai1 1Trauma Center/Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Intensive Care Unit, First Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Intensive Care Unit, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xiangjun Bai, Trauma Center/Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People’s Republic of China, Email whtj_bxj@163.comPurpose: The Geriatric Trauma Outcome Score (GTOS) has been developed and indicate to be a valid prognostic tool for the prediction of mortality in geriatric trauma patients (GTPs) during hospitalization. However, the predictive value of the GTOS for morbidity is still unclear. We aimed to evaluate the association between GTOS, morbidity and mortality in GTPs.Patients and Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study between June 1, 2016, and May 31, 2020, and collected data for patients aged 65 years or older. These patients were treated at the Trauma Center of Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China. Clinical data were retrieved from the trauma registry. The GTOS was calculated with the following formula: age + ISS &ast; 2.5 + 22 (if any packed red blood cells were transfused within 24 hours after admission). The outcomes were mortality, morbidity, length of hospital stay (LOS), and functional outcome at discharge.Results: A total of 485 patients were enrolled: 214 (44.1%) were classified into the low-GTOS group, and 271 (55.9%) were classified into the high-GTOS group. The median (IQR) age was 68 (66– 71) years; 361 (74.4%) were male. The most common mechanism of injury was vehicle collision (66.4%), followed by falls < 2 m (19.6%). The median (IQR) ISS was 18 (14– 22). The median (IQR) GCS was 13 (9– 15). A high GTOS was associated with high rates of all-cause mortality (13.3% vs 0.9%, P < 0.001), complications (88.2% vs 31.8%, P < 0.001), unplanned intubation (19.2% vs 1.4%, P < 0.001), and unplanned admissions to the intensive care unit (8.5% vs 0.5%, P < 0.001). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, GTOS was associated with morbidity (OR 1.07, 95% CI, 1.05– 1.09, p < 0.001) and mortality (OR 1.04, 95% CI, 1.02– 1.06, p < 0.001).Conclusion: The GTOS is an independent predictor of morbidity and mortality in GTPs, and it will help us identify patients at high risk on admission.Keywords: Geriatric Trauma Outcome Score, geriatric trauma patients, predictive value

Fengjin Shao,1– 3 Rui Liu,1 Xun Tan,1– 4 Qiaoyan Zhang,1– 3 Lujie Ye,1– 3 Bingxuan Yan,1– 3 Ying Zhuang,1,2,4 Jiaxue Xu1,2,4 1Department of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Veterinary Medical Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China; 3Institute of Preventive Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China; 4Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya, Hainan Province, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xun Tan, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 571 8898 2393, Fax +86 571 8898 2310, Email tanxun@zju.edu.cnPurpose: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive and fatal pulmonary vascular disease initiated by endothelial dysfunction. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been shown to ameliorate PAH in various rodent models; however, these models do not recapitulate all the histopathological alterations observed in human PAH. Broiler chickens (Gallus gallus) can develop PAH spontaneously with neointimal and plexogenic arteriopathy strikingly similar to that in human patients. Herein, we examined the protective effects of MSC transplantation on the development of PAH in this avian model.Methods: Mixed-sex broilers at 15 d of age were received 2× 106 MSCs or PBS intravenously. One day later, birds were exposed to cool temperature with excessive salt in their drinking water to induce PAH. Cumulative morbidity from PAH and right-to-left ventricle ratio were recorded. Lung histologic features were evaluated for the presence of endothelial damage, endothelial proliferation and plexiform lesions. Expression of proinflammatory mediators and angiogenic factors in the lung was detected. Matrigel tube formation assay was performed to determine the angiogenic potential of endogenous MSCs.Results: MSC administration reduced cumulative PAH morbidity and attenuated endothelial damage, plexiform lesions and production of inflammatory mediators in the lungs. No significant difference in the expression of paracrine angiogenic factors including VEGF-A and TGF-β was determined between groups, suggesting that they are not essential for the beneficial effect of MSC transplantation. Interestingly, the endogenous MSCs from birds receiving MSC transplantation demonstrated endothelial differentiatial capacity in vitro whereas those from the mock birds did not.Conclusion: Our results support the therapeutic use of MSC transplantation for PAH treatment and suggest that exogenous MSCs produce beneficial effects through modulating inflammation and endogenous MSC-mediated vascular repair.Graphical Abstract: Keywords: plexiform lesion, right ventricular hypertrophy, VEGF-A, TGF-β, angiogenesis, bone marrow

Yue Zhuang, Tiantian Zhao, Xuanrong Shao School of Safety Science and Emergency Management, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Tiantian ZhaoSchool of Safety Science and Emergency Management, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail ztt220@whut.edu.cnPurpose: Taking COVID-19 as an example, this paper explores the mechanism of WeChat’s impact on risk information transmission in social media and builds a model of WeChat’s impact on public risk perception based on risk communication.Methods: Research primarily utilised the questionnaire survey method to collect and analyse public attitudes towards COVID-19 to achieve the research goals. We checked the adequacy of measurements and tested the hypotheses with regression analysis based on 801 participants in China.Results: The results indicated that the levels of the public WeChat COVID-19 risk information attention and trust had a significant positive impact on the public’s risk perception and willingness of pandemic prevention. The improved public risk perception of COVID-19 as a mediator enhanced the public pandemic prevention ability, which allowed WeChat to play a more effective role in major disaster emergency.Keywords: COVID-19, WeChat, public risk perception, pandemic prevention

Lifang Wei,1,&ast; Ye Li,2 Yue Yu,1 Minmin Xu,1 Huilan Chen,1 Lijie Li,1 Ting Peng,1 Kang Zhao,1 Yongze Zhuang3,&ast; 1Department of Nephrology, The Third People’s Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China; 2The Third People’s Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Nephrology, 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Team, PLA, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Lifang Wei; Yongze Zhuang Tel +86 591 62091295Fax +86 591 22869300Email liwlf2008@163.com; Doczhuang@aliyun.comAbstract: Obesity-related glomerulopathy (ORG) is a secondary glomerular disease caused by obesity, with clinical manifestations such as proteinuria and glomerulomegaly. Currently, the high incidence of obesity brings a change in the spectrum of kidney diseases across the globe, including China. ORG has become another important secondary nephropathy leading to end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and its incidence has increased significantly. This trend is bound to bring about a serious socioeconomic burden. Therefore, it is urgent to study its pathogenesis and intervention measures. Currently, the occurrence and development mechanisms in ORG are complicated by many factors, which are still unclear. In the past 20 years, with the continuous intensive research on mechanisms such as hypoxia in the metabolic process, immune inflammation, and pyroptosis, there have been new advances in the mechanism of ORG, especially the important role of inflammation in podocyte injury and its impact on the progress of ORG. Here, we briefly review the possible pathogenic role of the inflammasome in the podocyte damage in ORG and summarize the possible therapeutical strategies targeting inflammasome.Keywords: obesity, NLRP3 inflammasome, ORG, podocyte, Chinese herbal medicines

Yifang Chen,1,&ast; Yang Li,1,&ast; Han Guo,1,2,&ast; Zhaoqi Zhang,1,2 Jiayu Zhang,1,2 Xue Dong,1 Yi Liu,3 Yuan Zhuang,3 Yong Zhao1,4 1Department of State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Blood Transfusion, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yong Zhao; Yuan Zhuang Email zhaoy@ioz.ac.cn; zhuangyuan0215@126.comBackground: Neutrophils present great diverse phenotypes in various microenvironments and play different immune regulatory functions. Neutrophils generally classified into inflammatory phenotype N1 and anti-informatory phenotype N2. Our recent studies showed that IL-23 alone stimulated neutrophils to express IL-17A, IL-17F and IL-22 and displayed a gene transcriptional profile similar to Th17 cells. In the present study, we tried to identify potential cytokines to promote IL-23-induced neutrophil polarization.Methods: Mouse bone marrow-derived neutrophils and human peripheral blood neutrophils were treated with IL-23 (10 ng/mL) plus IL-18 (25 ng/mL) to induce Th17-like subset in vitro and detected by real-time PCR, flow cytometry, ELISA, immunofluorescence and RNA-seq assays. In vivo, collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model and EL4 tumor-bearing mouse model were used to characterize the potential roles of N(IL-23+IL-18) in inflammation and tumor.Results: Real-time PCR, ELISA and flow cytometry assays showed that IL-18 could significantly enhance IL-23-induced IL-17A, IL-17F and IL-22 expressions in mouse and human neutrophils in a synergistic way, although IL-18 alone failed to induce these cytokines expression. RNA-seq and molecular studies showed that the polarization of N(IL-23+IL-18) is mainly mediated by the JNK/p38-STAT3-BATF signaling pathway. Adoptive transfer of the induced N(IL-23+IL-18) neutrophils significantly accelerated the tumor growth in EL4 tumor-bearing mice and enhanced disease progression in the CIA mouse model. IL-17A-deficient N(IL-23+IL-18) neutrophils failed to enhance the CIA pathogenesis in this model, suggesting that IL-17A may be involved in the N(IL-23+IL-18) neutrophils-promoted arthritis in mice.Conclusion: The Th17-type subpopulation N(IL-23+IL-18) has pro-tumor and pro-inflammatory properties. Recognizing the different functional polarization of neutrophils would significantly help us to understand the distinctive protective/pathological roles of neutrophils in physiological and different pathological situations.Keywords: IL-23, IL-18, neutrophils, polarization, tumor, arthritis

Shijuan Zhang,1 Yuhong Wei,2 Jinxia Liu,3 Yutian Zhuang1 1Department of Critical Care Medicine, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, 262500, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Gastroenterology First Ward, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, 262500, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Neurology First Ward, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, 262500, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yutian ZhuangDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, 262500, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-13573698900Fax +86-0536-3277731Email zhuang76349@163.comIntroduction: Sepsis is a heterogeneous syndrome with a life-long threat caused by infection. This study aimed to investigate the clinical function of miR-940 and its influence on cardiomyocyte models.Methods: The relative expression of miR-940 was assessed by qRT-PCR and the roles in the clinical diagnosis of miR-940 were revealed by the ROC curve. The relationship between miR-940 and clinical parameters was validated by Pearson analysis. The sepsis rat models were established by treatment with cecal ligation and perforation (CLP) and clinical items including left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), left ventricular and end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), maximum rate of increase/decrease in left ventricular blood pressure (± dp/dtmax) as well as troponin (cTnl), creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were detected.Results: The finding of qRT-PCR accentuated that the relative expression of miR-940 was significantly decreased in sepsis patients and CLP-stimulated models. The ROC curve proposed that miR-940 could be a satisfactory diagnostic biomarker for sepsis patients. Pearson analysis reinforced the expression of miR-940 was negatively associated with the PCT, WBC, CRP, Scr, SOFA score, and APACHE II score. The outcome of CLP-steered rat verified that overexpression of miR-940 inhibited the detrimental effects of CLP on myocardial dysfunction and inflammation reactions.Conclusion: The downregulation of miR-940 was reported and it might be an underlying diagnostic marker in sepsis patients. Overexpression of miR-940 protected myocardial function from damage and inflammation induced by CLP.Keywords: miR-940, sepsis, inflammation, myocardial disorder

Yongliang Li,1,&ast; Mi Tian,2,&ast; Dongqing Zhang,1 Yifei Zhuang,1 Zhimin Li,1 Shenqi Xie,1 Keyu Sun1 1Department of Emergency, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Intensive Care Unit, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Keyu SunDepartment of Emergency, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 18930536861Email hoceima@126.comBackground: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to play critical roles in human tumours, including gallbladder carcinoma (GBC). However, their biological functions and molecular mechanisms in tumorigenesis and progression remain largely unknown.Methods: Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to verify the expression of lncRNA myosin light chain kinase antisense RNA 1 (MYLK-AS1) in 120 pairs of GBC tissues and paired adjacent non-tumour tissues, as well as in six different GBC cell lines (NOZ, EH-GB1, OCUG-1, GBC-SD, SGC-996 and QBC-939). Cell counting kit 8 was applied to explore cell proliferation and drug sensitivity assays. The target miRNAs (miR) of MYLK-AS1 and downstream target genes were predicted using Starbase 3.0 software and confirmed by double luciferase reporting test. The expression of proteins was assessed using Western blot assay.Results: Here, we demonstrated that MYLK-AS1 was significantly upregulated and correlated with a poor prognosis and poor clinical characteristics in GBC. Furthermore, the forced expression of MYLK-AS1 significantly promoted GBC cell proliferation and resistance to gemcitabine in vitro. Mechanistically, MYLK-AS1 functioned as an efficient miR-217 sponge, thereby releasing the inhibition of enhancer of zeste 2 polycomb repressive complex 2 (EZH2) subunit expression. MYLK-AS1 promoted GBC cell proliferation and resistance to gemcitabine by upregulating EZH2 expression, and EZH2 was confirmed as a direct target of miR-217.Discussion: Our results confirmed that the chemoresistant driver MYLK-AS1 might be a promising candidate as a therapeutic target for the treatment of advanced GBC.Keywords: chemoresistance, GBC, lncRNA, proliferation

Qingshan Huang,1 Lijun Xie,2 Liyan Huang,2 Weili Wei,2 Haiying Li,2 Yunfang Zhuang,2 Xinxiu Liu,2 Shuqiang Chen,2 Sufang Zhang2 1Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, 100044, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Sufang ZhangDepartment of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, People’s Republic of ChinaTel/Fax +86-591-87981961Email zsufang@fjmu.edu.cnQingshan HuangMusculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, 100044, People’s Republic of ChinaTel/Fax +86-10-88324471Email hqingshan@pku.edu.cnBackground: High-resolution ultrasound is the first choice for the diagnosis of thyroid nodules, but it is still difficult to distinguish between follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) and follicular adenoma (FA). Our research aimed to develop and validate an ultrasonic diagnostic model for differentiating FTC from FA.Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed 196 patients who were diagnosed as FTC (n=83) and FA (n=113). LASSO regression analysis was used to screen clinical and ultrasonic features. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to establish the ultrasonic diagnostic model of FTC. Nomogram was used for the visualization of diagnostic models. C-index, ROC, and calibration curves analysis were used to evaluate the accuracy of the diagnostic model. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to evaluate the net benefits of the ultrasonic diagnostic model for FTC diagnosis under different threshold probabilities. The bootstrap method was used to verify the ultrasonic diagnostic model.Results: After Lasso regression analysis, 10 clinical and ultrasonic features were used to construct the ultrasonic diagnostic model of FTC. The C-index and AUC of the model were 0.868 and 0.860, respectively. DCA showed that the ultrasonic model had good clinical application value. The C-index in the validation group was 0.818, which was close to the C-index in the model.Conclusion: Ultrasonic diagnostic model constructed with 10 clinical and ultrasonic features can better distinguish FTC from FA.Keywords: follicular thyroid carcinoma, follicular adenoma, diagnostic, ultrasonic

Qinge Wang,1 Min Gu,2 Yun Zhuang,1 Jianping Chen1 1Department of Digestive Disease, The First People’s Hospital of Changzhou, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Pediatrics, Changzhou Children’s Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jianping ChenDepartment of Digestive Disease, The First People’s Hospital of Changzhou, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Juqian Road, Tianning District, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213003, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail Chenjianping123abc@126.comBackground: MAGI1-IT1 is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) previously reported to regulate several cancer types, but its functional role in gastric cancer (GC) remains to be defined. This study therefore explored the mechanistic role played by MAGI1-IT1 in the regulation of GC cell proliferation.Methods: 120 pairs of GC patient tumor, paracancerous tissues, human GES-1 control cells and human AGS, MKN-74, MKN-45, and MGC-803 GC cell lines were used to detected MAGI1-IT1, miR-302d-3p, and IGF1 expression by a qPCR approach. An shRNA approach was used to knock down MGI1-IT1 in order to examine the effect of such treatment on GC cell proliferation, and rescue experiments were subsequently conducted. In addition, the functional role of MAGI1-IT1 in GC in vivo was evaluated with a xenograft model system. P < 0.05 was the significance threshold.Results: Elevated MAGI1-IT1 expression was detected in GC cell lines and tissues, and was linked to poorer patient overall survival. Knocking down this lncRNA disrupted GC cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo, and miR-302d-3p was identified as a MAGI1-IT1 target. Notably, miR-302d-3p inhibition partially reversed the impact of MAGI1-IT1 knockdown on GC cell proliferation. IGF1 was subsequently identified as a miR-302d-3p target gene that was upregulated by MAGI1-IT1 through miR-302d-3p.Conclusion: Overall, these results indicated that MAGI1-IT1 controlled GC cell proliferation by modulating the miR-302d-3p/IGF1 axis, suggesting that this may be a viable treatment target in those with GC.Keywords: MAGI1-IT1, cell proliferation, gastric cancer, miR-302d-3p, IGF1

Arun Venkataraman,1 Yuchuan Zhuang,2 Jennifer Marsella,3 Madalina E Tivarus,4,5 Xing Qiu,6 Lu Wang,6 Jianhui Zhong,1,4 Giovanni Schifitto3,4 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA; 2Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA; 3Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA; 4Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA; 5Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA; 6Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USACorrespondence: Arun Venkataraman Email Arun_Venkataraman@urmc.rochester.eduObjective: To examine resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) networks related to sleep in the context of HIV infection.Methods: rs-fMRI data were collected in 40 HIV-infected (HIV+) individuals at baseline (treatment-naive), 12 week (post-treatment) and one year timepoints. A group of 50 age-matched HIV-negative (HIV-) individuals were also imaged at baseline and one year timepoints. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire was administered at all timepoints. Using group independent component analysis (ICA), maps of functional networks were generated from fMRI data; from these, sleep-related networks were selected. A generalized linear model (GLM) was used to analyze if these networks were significantly associated with the PSQI score, and if this relationship was influenced by HIV status/treatment or timepoint.Results: HIV+ individuals had significantly lower PSQI score after treatment (p=0.022). Networks extracted from group ICA analysis included the anterior and posterior default mode network (DMN), central executive network (CEN), bilateral frontoparietal networks (FPNs), and the anterior cingulate cortex salience network (ACC SN). We found the posterior DMN, right FPN, and ACC SN GLMs showed significantly higher goodness-of-fit after incorporating PSQI data (p = 0.0204, 0.044, 0.044, respectively). Furthermore, the correlation between ACC SN and posterior DMN connectivity was significantly decreased in the HIV+ cohort.Conclusion: Functional networks such as the DMN, FPN, CEN, and ACC SN are altered in poor sleep, as measured by the PSQI score. Furthermore, the relationship between these networks and PSQI is different in the HIV+ and HIV- populations.Keywords: HIV, fMRI, sleep quality, functional connectivity

Herein, composites based on Ni-doped ZnO nanorods and Ti3C2 MXene structure (Ni-ZnO NR/Ti3C2) were produced via a simple hydrothermal method for photocatalytic applications. Special attention was paid to their structural and optical properties. The composite exhibited a photocatalytic effectiveness of 88.2% in degrading methyl orange (MO) within a duration of 75 minutes when exposed to a xenon lamp. The enhancement of the catalytic activity was due to the one-dimensional ZnO nanostructure, the Ni doping, and the Schottky heterojunction is formed by the interface within ZnO and Ti3C2. Therefore, this work provides an effective strategy to fabricate metal oxide/MXene photocatalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Yuntao Shi,1,* Yingying Zhuang,2,* Jialing Zhang,1 Mengxue Chen,1 Shangnong Wu1 1Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Huai’an No. 1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Huai’an No. 1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Shangnong WuDepartment of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Huai’an No. 1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 1, Huanghe West Road, Huai’an 223300, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 517-80872251Email shangnong193@163.comPurpose: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks as the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation is the most common modification of messenger RNAs (mRNAs). The prognosis of HCC patients with metastasis remains poor. Our study aimed to elucidate the regulatory role of m6A on HCC metastasis.Patients and Methods: All HCC patients were enrolled from The Affiliated Huai’an No. 1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. The expression levels of gene were tested by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), Western blot, or immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis. Wound healing assay, Transwell invasion assay, and lung metastasis model were implemented to investigate the migration and invasion ability of HCC cells. Candidate targets were selected by a comprehensive analysis of RNA-sequencing and m6A-sequencing of HepG2 cells.Results: In this study, we demonstrated that METTL14 was significantly downregulated in HCC and significantly associated with the prognosis of HCC patients. METTL14 knockdown promoted the migration, invasion, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) of HCC cells in vitro and in vivo. In addition, overlapping RNA-sequencing and m6A-sequencing data, we identified EGFR as a direct target of METTL14 in HCC. Mechanistically, METTL14 was found to inhibit HCC cell migration, invasion, and EMT through modulating EGFR/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in an m6A-dependent manner.Conclusion: Targeting METTL14/EGFR/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway may facilitate the development of a new treatment strategy against the metastasis of HCC.Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma, N6-methyladenosine, METTL14, EGFR