190 results on '"Zhu DX"'
Search Results
2. The Complete Amino-Acid Sequence of the Proteinase Inhibitor B from the Root of the Arrowhead(Sagittaria sagittifoliaL.)
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Xu Lx, Chi Cw, Wang Lx, Tan Fl, Zhu Dx, and Lin Nq
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,biology ,Stereochemistry ,Sagittaria sagittifolia ,Chemistry ,Protein primary structure ,Peptide ,Plants ,Alkylation ,Trypsin ,biology.organism_classification ,Cleavage (embryo) ,Biochemistry ,Peptide Fragments ,Botany ,medicine ,Protease Inhibitors ,Serine Proteinase Inhibitors ,Amino Acid Sequence ,Cyanogen Bromide ,Peptide sequence ,Plant Proteins ,medicine.drug - Abstract
After reduction and alkylation of the disulfide bonds of the proteinase inhibitor B from the root of the arrowhead (Sagittaria sagittifolia L.) followed by CNBr cleavage three peptide fragments with 68, 62 and 11 amino-acid residues could be separated on DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B. The peptides or the inhibitor itself were further specifically cleaved either by trypsin or by the mixture of (CH3)2SO/HCl/HBr at the arginyl- and the tryptophyl-peptide bond, respectively. The complete amino-acid sequences of the peptides were determined by manual solid phase DABITC/PITC double coupling micro-method and the primary structure of the arrowhead inhibitor B consisting of 141 amino-acid residues was then elucidated. Twenty pairs of amino-acid residues are repeated in the molecule of this inhibitor, three of these pairs even occur three times. The possible locations of the reactive sites are discussed. On the basis of sequence comparisons between this inhibitor and all other serine proteinase inhibitors the arrowhead inhibitor may belong to a new family.
- Published
- 1985
3. Preparation, pharmacokinetics and anti-obesity effects on dogs of nuciferine liposomes.
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Lu J, Xu YT, Qian XL, Zhu DX, Lu JY, Ma H, and Liu J
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- Animals, Dogs, Male, Diet, High-Fat, Dog Diseases drug therapy, Dog Diseases prevention & control, Female, Liposomes, Anti-Obesity Agents pharmacokinetics, Anti-Obesity Agents administration & dosage, Anti-Obesity Agents chemistry, Obesity veterinary, Obesity drug therapy, Aporphines pharmacokinetics, Aporphines chemistry, Aporphines administration & dosage
- Abstract
Background: Nuciferine (NUC), a natural compound extracted from lotus leaves, has been proven to have anti-obesity effects. However, the development and application of NUC as an anti-obesity drug in dogs are hindered due to its poor water solubility and low bioavailability., Objective: To promote the development of NUC-related products for anti-obesity in dogs, this study prepared NUC into a liposome formulation and evaluated its characteristics, pharmacokinetics in dogs, and anti-obesity effects on high-fat diet dogs., Methods: NUC liposomes were prepared by the ethanol injection method, using NUC, egg lecithin, and β-sitosterol as raw materials. The characteristics and release rate in vitro of liposomes were evaluated by particle size analyser and dialysis method, respectively. The pharmacokinetics in dogs after oral administration of NUC-liposomes was carried out by the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Moreover, we investigated the anti-obesity effect of NUC-liposomes on obese dogs fed with a high-fat diet., Results: NUC-liposome was successfully prepared, with an EE of (79.31 ± 1.06)%, a particle size of (81.25 ± 3.14) nm, a zeta potential of (-18.75 ± 0.23) mV, and a PDI of 0.175 ± 0.031. The cumulative release rate in vitro of NUC from NUC-liposomes was slower than that of NUC. The T
1/2 and relative bioavailability of NUC-liposomes in dogs increased, and CL reduced compared with NUC. In addition, the preventive effect of NUC-liposomes on obesity in high-fat diet dogs is stronger than that of NUC., Conclusions: The liposome formulation of NUC was conducive to improve its relative bioavailability and anti-obesity effect in dogs., (© 2024 The Author(s). Veterinary Medicine and Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)- Published
- 2024
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4. Unveiling major histocompatibility complex-mediated pan-cancer immune features by integrated single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing.
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Feng HR, Shen XN, Zhu XM, Zhong WT, Zhu DX, Zhao J, Chen YJ, Shen F, Liu K, and Liang L
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- Humans, Sequence Analysis, RNA methods, Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors therapeutic use, Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors pharmacology, Biomarkers, Tumor genetics, Biomarkers, Tumor immunology, Gene Expression Profiling methods, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Tumor Microenvironment immunology, Tumor Microenvironment genetics, RNA-Seq, Neoplasms genetics, Neoplasms immunology, Single-Cell Analysis methods, Major Histocompatibility Complex genetics, Major Histocompatibility Complex immunology
- Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed cancer therapy, yet persistent challenges such as low response rate and significant heterogeneity necessitate attention. The pivotal role of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in ICI efficacy, its intricate impacts and potentials as a prognostic marker, warrants comprehensive exploration. This study integrates single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), bulk RNA-seq, and spatial transcriptomic analyses to unveil pan-cancer immune characteristics governed by the MHC transcriptional feature (MHC.sig). Developed through scRNA-seq analysis of 663,760 cells across diverse cohorts and validated in 30 solid cancer types, the MHC.sig demonstrates a robust correlation between immune-related genes and infiltrating immune cells, highlighting its potential as a universal pan-cancer marker for anti-tumor immunity. Screening the MHC.sig for therapeutic targets using CRISPR data identifies potential genes for immune therapy synergy and validates its predictive efficacy for ICIs responsiveness across diverse datasets and cancer types. Finally, analysis of cellular communication patterns reveals interactions between C1QC
+ macrophages and malignant cells, providing insights into potential therapeutic agents and their sensitivity characteristics. This comprehensive analysis positions the MHC.sig as a promising marker for predicting immune therapy outcomes and guiding combinatorial therapeutic strategies., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest All authors declare no potential conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2024
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5. Low serum adiponectin levels are associated with an increased risk of diabetes in obese dogs.
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Lu J, Zhu DX, Wu Z, Liu L, Hao FX, Jiang ZH, and Xu WX
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Objectives: Adiponectin plays an important role in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. However, the evidence regarding the association between adiponectin and diabetes mellitus in obese dogs is sparse. The aim of this study is to investigate the associations of adiponectin with the risk of diabetes mellitus in obese dogs on the basis of a prospective cohort study., Materials and Methods: Serum adiponectin levels in obese dogs recruited from three small animal hospitals between 2015 and 2018 were measured by ELISA. Electronic health records were used to record the incidence of diabetes mellitus during follow-up for 3 years., Results: A total of 862 dogs were included. Amongst the 862 dogs, 51 developed diabetes. Adiponectin levels were associated with diabetes mellitus after adjusting for sex, age, breed, exercise, body condition score, fasting plasma glucose, serum triglyceride and total cholesterol. When adjusting for sex, age, breed, exercise, body condition score, fasting plasma glucose, serum triglyceride and total cholesterol, the adjusted hazard ratios were 7.83 (95% confidence interval: 2.67 to 30.13) in the lowest adiponectin group and 1.96 (95% CI: 1.10 to 8.55) in the medium adiponectin group relative to that in the highest adiponectin group. The area under a curve of adiponectin's Receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.81 (95% CI: 0.76 to 0.86)., Clinical Significance: Low adiponectin is associated with diabetes mellitus and has a high risk of incident diabetes mellitus, implying the potential of adiponectin as a predictive biomarker of diabetes mellitus in obese dogs., (© 2024 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.)
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- 2024
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6. Effects of buccal acupuncture on postoperative analgesia in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic radical gastrectomy: a randomized controlled trial.
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Zhu DX, Yang YL, Yang L, Zhao YY, Xie YY, Wang W, Lv J, and Yu WY
- Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of buccal acupuncture on postoperative analgesia, perioperative stress response and adverse events in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic radical gastrectomy., Methods: It was a prospective, outcome assessor-blinded, randomized controlled trial, involving 90 patients aged 65-80 years who were treated with an elective laparoscopic radical gastrectomy. They were randomly assigned to buccal acupuncture group (Group B) and control group (Group C). Buccal acupuncture was applied to patients of Group B before the induction of general anesthesia, while no additional application was given to those in Group C. Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) with sufentanil was postoperatively performed in both groups. Sufentanil consumption and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score within 48 h postoperatively were assessed as primary outcomes. Secondary outcomes included peripheral levels of stress markers, intraoperative consumptions of anesthetic drugs and postoperative recovery., Results: Patients in Group B presented significantly lower VAS scores within 24 h and less consumption of sufentanil within 48 h postoperatively (both p < 0.01). The awaking time, time to extubation and length of stay were significantly shorter in Group B than in Group C ( p = 0.005, 0.001 and 0.028, respectively). Compared with Group C, stress response and inflammatory response within 24 h postoperatively were also significantly milder in Group B., Conclusion: The use of buccal acupuncture before general anesthesia induction favors the postoperative analgesic effect and recovery in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic radical gastrectomy, the mechanism of which involves relieving postoperative stress response and inflammatory response., Clinical Trial Registration: This study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (www.chictr.org.cn) on 15/06/2023 (ChiCTR2300072500)., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Zhu, Yang, Yang, Zhao, Xie, Wang, Lv and Yu.)
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- 2024
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7. Design, synthesis, antibacterial evaluation of isopropylamine linked with different substituted phenol and piperazine novel derivatives.
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Wang WH, Li ZR, Zhu DX, Chen JY, Zhou Y, Li CP, Shao LH, Qiu XM, Zhu M, Long HT, Chen DP, Ouyang GP, Rong ZQ, and Wang ZC
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- Phenols pharmacology, Phenols chemistry, Drug Design, Piperazines pharmacology, Piperazines chemistry, Piperazines chemical synthesis, Oryza microbiology, Plant Diseases microbiology, Xanthomonas drug effects, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Anti-Bacterial Agents chemical synthesis, Anti-Bacterial Agents chemistry
- Abstract
Background: Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is often considered one of the most destructive bacterial pathogens causing bacterial leaf blight (BLB), resulting in significant yield and cost losses in rice. In this study, a series of novel derivatives containing the isopropanolamine moiety linked to various substituted phenols and piperazines were designed, synthesized and screened., Results: Antibacterial activity results showed that most compounds had good inhibitory effects on Xoo, among which compound W2 (EC
50 = 2.74 μg mL-1 ) exhibited the most excellent inhibitory activity, and W2 also had a certain curative effect (35.89%) on rice compared to thiodiazole copper (TC) (21.57%). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results indicated that compound W2 could cause rupture of the Xoo cell membrane. Subsequently, proteomics and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed that compound W2 affected the physiological processes of Xoo and may exert antibacterial activity by targeting the two-component system pathway. Interestingly, W2 upregulated Xoo's methyltransferase to impact on its pathogenicity., Conclusion: The present study offers a promising phenolic-piperazine-sopropanolamine compound as an innovative antibacterial strategy by specifically targeting the two-component system pathway and inducing upregulation of methyltransferase to effectively impact Xoo's pathogenicity. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry., (© 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.)- Published
- 2024
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8. High patatin like phospholipase domain containing 8 expression as a biomarker for poor prognosis of colorectal cancer.
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Zhou PY, Zhu DX, Chen YJ, Feng QY, Mao YH, Zhuang AB, and Xu JM
- Abstract
Background: Patatin like phospholipase domain containing 8 (PNPLA8) has been shown to play a significant role in various cancer entities. Previous studies have focused on its roles as an antioxidant and in lipid peroxidation. However, the role of PNPLA8 in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression is unclear., Aim: To explore the prognostic effects of PNPLA8 expression in CRC., Methods: A retrospective cohort containing 751 consecutive CRC patients was enrolled. PNPLA8 expression in tumor samples was evaluated by immunohistochemistry staining and semi-quantitated with immunoreactive scores. CRC patients were divided into high and low PNPLA8 expression groups based on the cut-off values, which were calculated by X-tile software. The prognostic value of PNPLA8 was identified using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis. The overall survival (OS) rates of CRC patients in the study cohort were compared with Kaplan-Meier analysis and Log-rank test., Results: PNPLA8 expression was significantly associated with distant metastases in our cohort ( P = 0.048). CRC patients with high PNPLA8 expression indicated poor OS (median OS = 35.3, P = 0.005). CRC patients with a higher PNPLA8 expression at either stage I and II or stage III and IV had statistically significant shorter OS. For patients with left-sided colon and rectal cancer, the survival curves of two PNPLA8-expression groups showed statistically significant differences. Multivariate analysis also confirmed that high PNPLA8 expression was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (hazard ratio HR = 1.328, 95%CI: 1.016-1.734, P = 0.038)., Conclusion: PNPLA8 is a novel independent prognostic factor for CRC. These findings suggest that PNPLA8 is a potential target in clinical CRC management., Competing Interests: Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors report having no relevant conflicts of interest for this article., (©The Author(s) 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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9. Colorectal liver metastases: Correlations of contrast-enhanced ultrasound features with tumor clinicopathological factors and clinical outcomes following conversion therapy.
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Zhang XL, Wang HT, Tang Y, Lu Q, Yuan HX, Wang X, Liu LH, Zhu DX, and Wang WP
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- Humans, Prognosis, Ultrasonography, Colorectal Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Colorectal Neoplasms drug therapy, Liver Neoplasms pathology
- Abstract
Objective: To explore the prognostic impact of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) features for initially unresectable colorectal liver metastases (CLMs) in a clinical setting of conversion therapy., Methods: Between March 2015 and November 2020, consecutive patients with CLMs who received conversion treatment were prospectively enrolled. All participants underwent liver CEUS at baseline. The primary endpoint was conversion resection rate (R0 and overall resection). Secondary endpoints were objective response rate (ORR), overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS)., Results: 104 participants who completed conversion treatment were included. CEUS enhancement pattern was correlated with index lesion (size and echogenicity), primary (site, differentiation, perineural invasion, and RAS genotype) and serum (CA19-9 level) characteristics (P = <0.001-0.016). CEUS enhancement pattern was significantly associated with R0 resection rate, ORR, PFS, and OS (P = 0.001-0.049), whereas enhancement degree was associated with PFS and OS (P = 0.043 and 0.045). Multivariate analysis showed that heterogeneous enhancement independently predicted R0 and overall resection (P = 0.028 and 0.024) while rim-like enhancement independently predicted ORR and OS (P = 0.009 and 0.026)., Conclusion: CEUS enhancement pattern was significantly associated with tumor characteristics and clinical outcomes following conversion therapy, and thus might be of prognosis impact for initially unresectable CLMs.
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- 2024
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10. Effect of ultrasound-guided lumbar square muscle block on stress response in patients undergoing radical gastric cancer surgery.
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Wang XR, Xu DD, Guo MJ, Wang YX, Zhang M, and Zhu DX
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Background: Radical surgery is a common treatment for patients with gastric cancer; however, it can lead to postoperative complications and intestinal barrier dysfunction. Ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block is often used for postoperative analgesia, but its effects on stress response and intestinal barrier function are not well understood., Aim: To investigate the effects of an ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block on stress response and intestinal barrier function in patients undergoing radical surgery for gastric cancer., Methods: A total of 100 patients undergoing radical surgery for gastric cancer were randomly categorized into observation and control groups. Plasma adrenaline and cortisol levels, intestinal mucosal barrier indexes, and complication rates were compared between the two groups before, during, and 1 day after surgery., Results: The observation group had significantly lower plasma adrenaline and cortisol levels during surgery and at 1 day postoperatively than that of the control group ( P < 0.05). Additionally, intestinal barrier indexes (endotoxin and D-dimer) at 1 day postoperatively were significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group ( P < 0.05)., Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block could reduce stress response, protect intestinal barrier function, and decrease the incidence of complications in patients undergoing radical surgery for gastric cancer. This technique has the potential for clinical applications., Competing Interests: Conflict-of-interest statement: All authors have no conflicts of interest., (©The Author(s) 2023. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2023
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11. Identification of Pla a 7 as a novel pollen allergen group in Platanus acerifolia pollen.
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Song LB, Jiao YX, Xu ZQ, Zhu DX, Yang YS, Wei JF, Sun JL, and Lu Y
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- Humans, Escherichia coli genetics, DNA, Complementary, Triose-Phosphate Isomerase genetics, Antigens, Plant chemistry, Allergens genetics, Allergens chemistry, Pollen, Immunoglobulin E, Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal diagnosis
- Abstract
Background: Platanus acerifolia is recognized as a source of allergenic pollen worldwide. Currently, five Platanus acerifolia pollen allergens belonging to different protein families have been identified, in which profilin and enolase were characterized by our group recently. Besides, we also screened and identified a novel allergen candidate as triosephosphate isomerase, which was different from already known types of pollen allergens. However, the role of this novel allergen group in Platanus acerifolia pollen allergy was unclear. Therefore, we further investigated the allergenicity and clarify its clinical relevance in this study., Methods: The natural triosephosphate isomerase from Platanus acerifolia pollen was purified by three steps of chromatography and identified by mass spectrometry. The cDNA sequence of this protein was matched from in-house transcripts based on internal peptide sequences, which was further confirmed by PCR cloning. The recombinant triosephosphate isomerase was expressed and purified from E. coli. Allergenicity analysis of this protein was carried out by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, immunoblot, and basophil activation test., Results: A novel allergen group belonging to triosephosphate isomerase was firstly identified in Platanus acerifolia pollen and named as Pla a 7. The cDNA of Pla a 7 contained an open reading frame of 762 bp encoding 253 amino acids. The natural Pla a 7 displayed 41.4% IgE reactivity with the patients' sera by ELISA, in which the absorbance value showed correlation to the serum sIgE against Platanus acerifolia pollen extract. Inhibition of IgE-binding to pollen extracts reached 26%-94% in different Pla a 7-positive sera. The recombinant Pla a 7 exhibited weaker IgE-reactivity in ELISA than its natural form, but showed comparable activity in immunoblot. The allergenicity was further confirmed by basophil activation test., Conclusions: Triosephosphate isomerase (Pla a 7) was first recognized as pollen allergen in Platanus acerifolia pollen, which is a completely different type of pollen allergen from those previously reported. This finding is essential to enrich information on allergen components and pave the way for molecular diagnosis or treatment strategies for Platanus acerifolia pollen allergy., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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- 2023
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12. Coiled-coil domain-containing 154 promotes colorectal cancer proliferation and metastasis via interacting with minichromosome maintenance complex component 2.
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Hong WF, Zhu DX, Chen YJ, Shen XZ, Cui YH, Du SS, Liu TS, and Liang L
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- Humans, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes metabolism, Cell Proliferation, Minichromosome Maintenance Complex Component 2 genetics, Minichromosome Maintenance Complex Component 2 metabolism, Prognosis, Cell Cycle Proteins genetics, Cell Cycle Proteins metabolism, Colorectal Neoplasms genetics, Colorectal Neoplasms pathology
- Abstract
Coiled-Coil Domain-Containing (CCDC) is a large class of structural proteins containing left-handed supercoiled structure. The clinical value and the functional implication of CCDC in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain unknown. Based on the genetic, transcriptional, and clinical data from The Cancer Genome Atlas, five of thirty-six CCDC proteins were differentially expressed in the CRC and associated with the survival of patients with CRC. A CCDC-score model was established to evaluate the prognosis of patients. The potential function of Coiled-Coil Domain-Containing 154 (CCDC154) was investigated using bioinformatical methods, which unveiled that high expression of CCDC154 indicates poor survival for patients with CRC and correlates with low infiltration of CD8
+ T cells and high infiltration of neutrophils, indicating that CCDC154 enhances tumor growth and metastasis. CCDC154 interacts with Minichromosome Maintenance Complex Component 2 (MCM2) protein and promotes malignant phenotype via MCM2. We validated the expression level and survival prediction value of CCDC154 in clinical samples, and analyzed its co-expression of MCM2, Ki-67 and p53. This work discloses the role of CCDC in clinical setting and CCDC154 functions in CRC., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.)- Published
- 2023
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13. The safety and feasibility of preoperative induction therapy of Savolitinib in non-small cell lung cancer patients with MET exon 14 skipping mutation.
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Deng HY, Qiu XM, Zhu DX, Tang XJ, and Zhou Q
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- Humans, Feasibility Studies, Induction Chemotherapy, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met genetics, Mutation, Exons, Protein Kinase Inhibitors therapeutic use, Protein Kinase Inhibitors pharmacology, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung drug therapy, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung genetics, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung pathology, Lung Neoplasms drug therapy, Lung Neoplasms genetics, Lung Neoplasms pathology
- Abstract
Purpose: Neoadjuvant therapy followed by surgical resection is one of the preferred treatment option for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). For patients with mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) factor exon 14 skipping (METex14) mutations, the use of MET-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) showed high efficiency and reduced toxicity compared with first-line standard chemotherapy. However, it is unknown whether preoperative induction targeted therapy of MET-TKIs is feasible and safe., Methods: Here, we reported 3 cases of locally advanced unresectable NSCLC with METex14 mutations receiving induction therapy of MET-TKI savolitinib as first-line therapy or second-line therapy when they experienced disease progression after preoperative chemotherapy., Results: All these 3 patients achieved significant tumor size shrinkage and their unresectable tumors became resectable after the treatment of savolitinib. No serious adverse events were observed during the treatment. They recovered well postoperatively, and no significant events were identified., Conclusions: Preoperative induction treatment with MET-TKI savolitinib showed its safety and effectiveness and may be an alternative option for neoadjuvant therapy for NSCLC patients with METex14 mutations., (© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)
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- 2023
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14. Rhodium(I)-Catalyzed Direct Enantioselective C-H Functionalization of Indoles.
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Zhu DX and Xu MH
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- Stereoisomerism, Catalysis, Indoles, Polyenes, Rhodium
- Abstract
A highly regiospecific vinylogous carbene insertion protocol for direct asymmetric C-H functionalization of indoles with arylvinyldiazoacetates has been developed. Under the catalysis of simple Rh(I)/chiral diene complexes, the reaction occurs solely at the vinylogous position of the vinylcarbenoid with exceptional E selectivity and enantiocontrol. It provides an efficient way to obtain an interesting class of chiral indole scaffolds bearing an α,β-unsaturated ester unit and a gem -diaryl carbon stereocenter in good yields (≤99%) with excellent enantioselectivities (≤96%) at room temperature.
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- 2023
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15. Transcription regulation by CarD in mycobacteria is guided by basal promoter kinetics.
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Zhu DX and Stallings CL
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- Kinetics, Transcription Factors metabolism, DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases metabolism, Transcription, Genetic, Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial, Bacterial Proteins metabolism, Mycobacterium tuberculosis genetics, Mycobacterium tuberculosis metabolism
- Abstract
Bacterial pathogens like Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) employ transcription factors to adapt their physiology to the diverse environments within their host. CarD is a conserved bacterial transcription factor that is essential for viability in Mtb. Unlike classical transcription factors that recognize promoters by binding to specific DNA sequence motifs, CarD binds directly to the RNA polymerase to stabilize the open complex intermediate (RP
o ) during transcription initiation. We previously showed using RNA-sequencing that CarD is capable of both activating and repressing transcription in vivo. However, it is unknown how CarD achieves promoter-specific regulatory outcomes in Mtb despite binding indiscriminate of DNA sequence. We propose a model where CarD's regulatory outcome depends on the promoter's basal RPo stability and test this model using in vitro transcription from a panel of promoters with varying levels of RPo stability. We show that CarD directly activates full-length transcript production from the Mtb ribosomal RNA promoter rrnAP3 (AP3) and that the degree of transcription activation by CarD is negatively correlated with RPo stability. Using targeted mutations in the extended -10 and discriminator region of AP3, we show that CarD directly represses transcription from promoters that form relatively stable RPo . DNA supercoiling also influenced RPo stability and affected the direction of CarD regulation, indicating that the outcome of CarD activity can be regulated by factors beyond promoter sequence. Our results provide experimental evidence for how RNA polymerase-binding transcription factors like CarD can exert specific regulatory outcomes based on the kinetic properties of a promoter., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest with the contents of this article., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2023
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16. Molecular and immunological characterization of two polcalcins as novel allergens of Artemisia sieversiana pollen.
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Cheng YL, Xu ZQ, Wang H, Zhu DX, Zhu Y, Sun JL, and Wei JF
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- Humans, Pollen, Antigens, Plant, Allergens, Artemisia
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- 2023
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17. Low ferroptosis score predicts chemotherapy responsiveness and immune-activation in colorectal cancer.
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Lv Y, Feng QY, Zhang ZY, Zheng P, Zhu DX, Lin Q, Chen SM, Mao YH, Xu YQ, Ji ML, Xu JM, and He GD
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- Humans, Chemotherapy, Adjuvant, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Prognosis, Ferroptosis, Colorectal Neoplasms drug therapy, Colorectal Neoplasms genetics
- Abstract
Background: Existing studies for ferroptosis and prognosis in colorectal cancer (CRC) were limited. In this study, we aim to investigate the prognostic role of ferroptosis markers in patients with CRC and exploration of its micro-environmental distributions., Methods: Immunohistochemical staining was performed for CRC patients' tissue microarray. Selection and prognostic validation of markers were based on mRNA data from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) database. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was performed to indicate relative immune landmarks and hallmarks. Ferroptosis and immune contexture were examined by CIBERSORT. Survival outcomes were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier analysis and cox analysis., Results: A panel of 42 genes was selected. Through mRNA expression difference and prognosis analysis, GPX4, NOX1 and ACSL4 were selected as candidate markers. By IHC, increased GPX4, decreased NOX1 and decreased FACL4 indicate poor prognosis and worse clinical characteristics. Ferroptosis score based on GPX4, NOX1 and ACSL4 was constructed and validated with high C-index. Low ferroptosis score can also demonstrate the better progression free survival and better adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) responsiveness. Moreover, tumor with low ferroptosis score tend to be infiltrated with more CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells and less M1 macrophage. Finally, we found that IFN-γ was potentially the central molecule at the crossroad between ferroptosis and onco-immune response., Conclusion: Ferroptosis plays important role on CRC tumor progression, ACT response and prognosis. Ferroptosis contributes to immune-supportive responses and IFN-γ was the central molecule for this process., (© 2022 The Authors. Cancer Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
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- 2023
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18. Identification and characterization of natural PR-1 protein as major allergen from Humulus japonicus pollen.
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Wang Y, Tan LX, Xu ZQ, Jiao YX, Zhu DX, Yang YS, Wei JF, Sun JL, and Tian M
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- Humans, Allergens chemistry, DNA, Complementary, Pollen, Proteins genetics, Cloning, Molecular, Plant Proteins chemistry, Humulus genetics, Hypersensitivity
- Abstract
Background: The Humulus japonicus pollen is one of the most common allergenic pollens in China. However, little is unveiled regarding the allergenic components in Humulus japonicus pollen. Our study aimed to purify and identify the pathogenesis-related 1 (PR-1) protein from Humulus japonicus pollen, and to characterize the molecular and immunochemical properties of this novel allergen., Methods: The natural PR-1 protein (named as Hum j PR-1) was purified from Humulus japonicus pollen extracts with a combined strategy of chromatography, and identified by mass spectrometry. The coding sequence of Hum j PR-1 was confirmed by cDNA cloning. The recombinant Hum j PR-1 was expressed and purified from Escherichia coli. The allergenicity was assessed by immunoblot, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), inhibition ELISA, and basophil activation test using Humulus japonicus allergic patients' whole blood. The physicochemical properties and 3-dimensional structure of it were comprehensively characterized by in silico methods., Results: The allergenicity analysis revealed that 76.6 % (23/30) of the Humulus japonicus pollen allergic patients displayed specific IgE recognition of the natural Hum j PR-1. The cDNA sequence of Hum j PR-1 had a 516-bp open reading frame encoding 171 amino acids. Physicochemical analysis indicated that Hum j PR-1 was a stable and relatively thermostable protein. Hum j PR-1 shared a similar 3-dimensional folding pattern with other homologous allergens, which was a unique αβα sandwich structure containing 4 α-helices and 6 antiparallel β-sheets, encompassing 4 conserved CAP domain., Conclusion: The natural PR-1 was firstly purified and characterized as a major allergenic allergen in Humulus japonicus pollen. These findings would contribute to developing diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for Humulus japonicus pollinosis., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
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- 2023
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19. [Tanshinone IIa attenuates vascular calcification through inhibition of NF-κB and β-catenin signaling pathways].
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Zhong H, Li DY, Wang SY, Chen JY, Chen JX, Tan X, Wang YH, Xie YC, and Zhu DX
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- Animals, Mice, beta Catenin genetics, beta Catenin metabolism, Signal Transduction, Myocytes, Smooth Muscle metabolism, Phosphates metabolism, NF-kappa B genetics, NF-kappa B metabolism, Vascular Calcification drug therapy, Vascular Calcification metabolism
- Abstract
Tanshinone IIa is a key ingredient extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen), and is widely used to treat various cardiovascular diseases. Vascular calcification is a common pathological change of cardiovascular tissues in patients with chronic kidney disease, diabetes, hypertension and atherosclerosis. However, whether Tanshinone IIa inhibits vascular calcification and the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. This study aims to investigate whether Tanshinone IIa can inhibit vascular calcification using high phosphate-induced vascular smooth muscle cell and aortic ring calcification model, and high dose vitamin D
3 (vD3 )-induced mouse models of vascular calcification. Alizarin red staining and calcium quantitative assay showed that Tanshinone IIa significantly inhibited high phosphate-induced vascular smooth muscle cell and aortic ring calcification. qPCR and Western blot showed that Tanshinone IIa attenuated the osteogenic transition of vascular smooth muscle cells. In addition, Tanshinone IIa also significantly inhibited high dose vD3 -induced mouse aortic calcification and aortic osteogenic transition. Mechanistically, Tanshinone IIa inhibited the activation of NF-κB and β-catenin signaling in normal vascular smooth muscle cells. Similar to Tanshinone IIa, inhibition of NF-κB and β-catenin signaling using the chemical inhibitors SC75741 and LF3 attenuated high phosphate-induced vascular smooth muscle cell calcification. These results suggest that Tanshinone IIa attenuates vascular calcification at least in part through inhibition of NF-κB and β-catenin signaling, and Tanshinone IIa may be a potential drug for the treatment of vascular calcification.- Published
- 2022
20. Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes Related to the Lipid Metabolism of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis.
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Cui MY, Yi X, Zhu DX, and Wu J
- Subjects
- Humans, Lipid Metabolism genetics, Gene Expression Profiling methods, Biomarkers, Tumor genetics, Computational Biology methods, Fatty Acids, Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma genetics, Esophageal Neoplasms genetics, Esophageal Neoplasms pathology
- Abstract
Purpose: In recent years, lipid metabolism has been reprogrammed to meet the energy and substrate needs of tumorigenesis and development and is a potential new target for cancer treatment. However, the regulatory mechanism of lipid metabolism in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is not well understood. Methods: We first downloaded the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) gene dataset in the GEO and TCGA databases and analyzed the central differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of ESCC through bioinformatics. Afterwards, the GSEA method was used to analyze the lipid metabolism-related pathway of the central gene in the pathological process of ESCC, and it was determined that the central gene OIP5 was significantly related to the fatty acid metabolism pathway. Our heatmap also revealed that the enrichment of the ACSL family in ESCC tissues was more pronounced than in normal tissues. We hypothesized that OIP5 can regulate the fatty acid metabolism process in ESCC cells and affect the tumorigenic ability of ESCC. Further statistical analysis and experiment were conducted to determine the lipid metabolism-related gene, OIP5′s, expression pattern and clinical significance in ESCC, analyze the effect of OIP5 expression on fatty acid metabolism-related enzymes in ESCC, revealing the specific mechanism of OIP5 that promotes ESCC development. Conclusions: Our study established a correlation between OIP5 expression and clinicopathological factors (tumor size, T stage, N stage, and clinical grade) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (p < 0.05). We have also experimentally demonstrated that OIP5 regulates ESCC fatty acid metabolism by influencing the expression of the key enzyme ACSL1 in lipid metabolism.
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- 2022
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21. Purification and characterization of enolase as a novel allergen in Platanus acerifolia pollen.
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Jiao YX, Song LB, Xu ZQ, Zhu DX, Yang YS, Tian M, Sun JL, and Wei JF
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- Humans, Escherichia coli genetics, Phosphopyruvate Hydratase genetics, Pollen, Allergens genetics, Allergens chemistry, Immunoglobulin E
- Abstract
Background: The pollen from Platanus acerifolia (P. acerifolia) is one of the main causes of allergic disorders. To date, only 4 allergens have been identified from this pollen. But previous studies showed that there still exist under-recognized allergens in it. The aim of this study was to comprehensively investigate the newly identified enolase (Pla a 6) as a novel allergen in the P. acerifolia pollen., Methods: The natural (n) Pla a 6 was purified by combined chromatographic strategies. According to the identified internal peptides, the cDNA sequence encoding this allergen was matched from the mRNA-sequencing results of P. acerifolia pollen, which was further amplified and cloned. The recombinant (r) Pla a 6 was expressed and purified from E. coli. The allergenicity of this novel allergen was characterized by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Western blot, inhibition ELISA, and basophil activation test (BAT)., Results: A novel allergen from P. acerifolia pollen, named as Pla a 6 was thoroughly studied, which contained an open reading frame of 1338 bp encoding 445 amino acids. The IgE-binding activity of nPla a 6 was initially proved by Western-blot, and a similar IgE-binding pattern to rPla a 6 was also exhibited. Moreover, the positivity for specific IgE against rPla a 6 was tested as 45.95% (17/37) by ELISA, and IgE binding to pollen extract could be inhibited up to 45.77% by 10 µg/ml of rPla a 6. The protein was also confirmed to activate patients' basophils., Conclusions: In this study, a novel allergen belonging to enolase family was comprehensively investigated and characterized through its natural and recombinant forms in P. acerifolia pollen. The study will contribute to the development of novel molecular-based diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for P. acerifolia pollen allergy., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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- 2022
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22. [A survey of cervical and lumbar spine diseases of express delivery employees].
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Zhu DX, Yang HT, Hu Y, Weng SF, Zhang M, and Zhang NX
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- Adult, Human Rights, Humans, Prevalence, Surveys and Questionnaires, Health Services Accessibility, Occupational Health
- Abstract
Objective: To understand the current situation and influencing factors of cervical and lumbar spine diseases of the express delivery employees, and provide scientific basis for carrying out their occupational health protection in a targeted manner. Methods: From February 2020 to January 2021, the current situation research method was used to obtain 527 express delivery employees by cluster sampling. Online questionnaires were used to investigate sociodemographic characteristics and emotional characteristics, and clinical data were obtained by digital X-ray (DR) examination of the neck and waist. Pearson χ(2) test and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of cervical and lumbar spine diseases in express delivery employees. Results: The prevalence rates of cervical spine and lumbar spine diseases among express delivery employees were 49.15% (259/527) and 67.74% (357/527) , respectively. Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the distribution of cervical and lumbar spine disease among express delivery employees with different ages, length of service, working hours per week, and different degrees of distress due to emotional factors ( P <0.05) . Multivariate analysis showed that express delivery employees aged ≥25 years old had a higher risk of cervical spine disease ( P <0.05) , the express delivery employees who worked 49-55 hours per week had a lower risk of cervical spine disease ( P <0.05) . Express delivery employees aged≥35 years old had a lower risk of lumbar spine disease ( P <0.05) , and the risk of lumbar spine disease was higher among express delivery workers who suffered moderate or more distress due to emotional factors (such as anxiety, depression, or irritability) in the past 4 weeks ( P <0.05) . Conclusion: The prevalence of cervical and lumbar spine diseases is relatively high among express delivery employees. It is recommended to adjust the weekly working hours of express delivery employees, organize psychological counseling training, and effectively protect the occupational health rights of express delivery employees.
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- 2022
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23. Targeting Strategies for Aberrant Lipid Metabolism Reprogramming and the Immune Microenvironment in Esophageal Cancer: A Review.
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Cui MY, Yi X, Cao ZZ, Zhu DX, and Wu J
- Abstract
Esophageal cancer is of high importance to occurrence, development, and treatment resistance. As evidenced by recent studies, pathways (e.g., Wnt/ β -catenin, AMPK, and Hippo) are critical to the proliferation, differentiation, and self-renewal of esophageal cancer. In addition, the above pathways play a certain role in regulating esophageal cancer and act as potential therapeutic targets. Over the past few years, the function of lipid metabolism in controlling tumor cells and immune cells has aroused extensive attention. It has been reported that there are intricate interactions between lipid metabolism reprogramming between immune and esophageal cancer cells, whereas molecular mechanisms should be studied in depth. Immune cells have been commonly recognized as a vital player in the esophageal cancer microenvironment, having complex crosstalk with cancer cells. It is increasingly evidenced that the function of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) is significantly correlated with abnormal lipid metabolism. In this review, the latest findings in lipid metabolism reprogramming in TME are summarized, and the above findings are linked to esophageal cancer progression. Aberrant lipid metabolism and associated signaling pathways are likely to serve as a novel strategy to treat esophageal cancer through lipid metabolism reprogramming., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Meng-Ying Cui et al.)
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- 2022
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24. LobE-Specific lymph node diSsectiON for clinical early-stage non-small cell lung cancer: protocol for a randomised controlled trial (the LESSON trial).
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Huang W, Deng HY, Ren ZZ, Xu K, Wang YF, Tang X, Zhu DX, and Zhou Q
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- Disease-Free Survival, Humans, Lymph Node Excision, Lymph Nodes pathology, Lymph Nodes surgery, Lymphatic Metastasis pathology, Neoplasm Staging, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung pathology, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung surgery, Lung Neoplasms pathology, Lung Neoplasms surgery
- Abstract
Introduction: Lung cancer was the most common malignancy and the leading cause of cancer-related death in China or worldwide, and surgery is still the preferred treatment for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The pattern of lymph node metastasis was found potentially lobe specific, and thus, lobe-specific lymph node dissection (L-SLND) was proposed to be an alternative to systematic lymph node dissection (SLND) for the treatment of early-stage NSCLC., Methods and Analysis: The LobE-Specific lymph node diSsectiON trial is a single-institutional, randomised, double-blind and parallel controlled trial to investigate the feasibility of L-SLND in clinically diagnosed stage IA1-2 NSCLC with ground-glass opacity components (≥50%). The intraoperative frozen section examination of surgical tissues confirms the histological type of NSCLC. We hypothesise that L-SLND (experimental group) is not inferior to SLND (control group) and intend to include 672 participants for the experimental group and 672 participants for the control group with a follow-up duration of 60 months. The primary outcomes are 5-year disease-free survival and 5-year overall survival. The secondary outcomes are metastatic lymph node ratio, postoperative complication incidence and mortality, duration of operation, duration of anaesthesia (min), the volume of bleeding (mL) and drainage volume. The intention-to-treat analysis would be performed in the trial., Ethics and Dissemination: This trial was approved by the ethics committee on biomedical research, West China Hospital of Sichuan University (2021-332). Informed consent would be obtained from all participants, and dissemination activities would include academic conference presentations and peer-reviewed publications., Trial Registration Number: This trial was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2100048415., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)
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- 2022
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25. Rhodium(I) Carbene-Promoted Enantioselective C-H Functionalization of Simple Unprotected Indoles, Pyrroles and Heteroanalogues: New Mechanistic Insights.
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Wang TY, Chen XX, Zhu DX, Chung LW, and Xu MH
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- Catalysis, Indoles, Methane analogs & derivatives, Pyrroles, Stereoisomerism, Rhodium
- Abstract
A rhodium(I)-diene catalyzed highly enantioselective C(sp
2 )-H functionalization of simple unprotected indoles, pyrroles, and their common analogues such as furans, thiophenes, and benzofurans with arylvinyldiazoesters has been developed for the first time. This transformation features unusual site-selectivity exclusively at the vinyl terminus of arylvinylcarbene and enables a reliable and rapid synthetic protocol to access a distinctive class of diarylmethine-bearing α,β-unsaturated esters containing a one or two heteroarene-attached tertiary carbon stereocenter in high yields and excellent enantioselectivities under mild reaction conditions. Mechanistic studies and DFT calculations suggest that, compared to the aniline substrate, the more electron-rich indole substrate lowers the C-C addition barrier and alters the rate-determining step to the reductive elimination, leading to different isotope effect., (© 2022 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)- Published
- 2022
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26. Nano-silica particles synergistically IgE-mediated mast cell activation exacerbating allergic inflammation in mice.
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Yang YS, Cao MD, Wang A, Liu QM, Zhu DX, Zou Y, Ma LL, Luo M, Shao Y, Xu DD, Wei JF, and Sun JL
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- Animals, Disease Models, Animal, Humans, Immunoglobulin E, Inflammation, Mast Cells, Mice, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases, Silicon Dioxide adverse effects, Smog, beta-N-Acetylhexosaminidases, Asthma, Hypersensitivity, Lung Injury
- Abstract
Background: Allergic respiratory diseases have increased dramatically due to air pollution over the past few decades. However, studies are limited on the effects of inorganic components and particulate matter with different particle sizes in smog on allergic diseases, and the possible molecular mechanism of inducing allergies has not been thoroughly studied., Methods: Four common mineral elements with different particle sizes in smog particles were selected, including Al
2 O3 , TiO2 , Fe2 O3 , and SiO2 . We studied the relationship and molecular mechanism of smog particle composition, particle size, and allergic reactions using mast cells, immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) model, and an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthmatic mouse model in vitro and in vivo , combined with transmission electron microscopy, scanning transmission X-ray microscopy analysis, and transcriptome sequencing., Results: Only 20 nm SiO2 particles significantly increased β-hexosaminidase release, based on dinitrophenol (DNP)-human serum albumin (HSA) stimulation, from IgE-sensitized mast cells, while other particles did not. Meanwhile, the PCA model showed that Evan's blue extravasation in mice was increased after treatment with nano-SiO2 particles. Nano-SiO2 particles exposure in the asthmatic mouse model caused an enhancement of allergic airway inflammation as manifested by OVA-specific serum IgE, airway hyperresponsiveness, lung inflammation injury, mucous cell metaplasia, cytokine expression, mast cell activation, and histamine secretion, which were significantly increased. Nano-SiO2 particles exposure did not affect the expression of FcϵRI or the ability of mast cells to bind IgE but synergistically activated mast cells by enhancing the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, especially the phosphorylation levels of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2. The ERK inhibitors showed a significant inhibitory effect in reducing β-hexosaminidase release., Conclusion: Our results indicated that nano-SiO2 particles stimulation might synergistically activate IgE-sensitized mast cells by enhancing the MAPK signaling pathway and that nano-SiO2 particles exposure could exacerbate allergic inflammation. Our experimental results provide useful information for preventing and treating allergic diseases., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Yang, Cao, Wang, Liu, Zhu, Zou, Ma, Luo, Shao, Xu, Wei and Sun.)- Published
- 2022
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27. [Investigation on occupational injury of sanitation workers in Shenzhen City].
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Weng SF, Zhu DX, Lin DF, Zhang LZ, Zhang M, and Zhang NX
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- Accidents, Occupational, Cities, Humans, Sanitation, Heat Stroke epidemiology, Occupational Health, Occupational Injuries epidemiology
- Abstract
Objective: To understand the occurrence of occupational injuries among sanitation workers in Shenzhen, and provide a scientific basis for the prevention of occupational injuries among sanitation workers. Methods: From May to November 2020, a cluster sampling method was used to select some street sanitation workers in Shenzhen to conduct a questionnaire survey. A total of 2200 questionnaires were recovered, of which 2167 were valid (98.5% effective recovery rate) . The socio-demographic data, length of service, type of work and occurrence of occupational injuries of sanitation workers were collected, and the distribution characteristics of occupational injuries and their relationship with factors such as type of work were analyzed. Results: Among the 2167 sanitation workers, 240 (11.1%) had experienced occupational injuries. The most common occupational injuries among sanitation workers were sharp injury, heat stroke and motor vehicle traffic accident, with the incidence rates of 6.1% (133/2167) , 2.4% (53/2167) and 1.7% (36/2167) respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the distribution of occupational injuries among sanitation workers with different lengths of work and types of work ( P <0.05) . The incidence of occupational injury among sanitation workers with more than 5 years of service was significantly higher than that of workers with less than 5 years of service ( P <0.05) . The incidence of sharp injury among garbage sorting and transportation personnel was higher (7.9%, 21/265) , the incidence of heat stroke among manual cleaners was higher (3.1%, 42/1366) , and the incidence of motor vehicle traffic accident among mechanized cleaners was higher (5.4%, 10/184) . Conclusion: There are many cases of occupational injuries among sanitation workers in Shenzhen. Targeted measures should be taken to prevent the occurrence of different types of work and different types of occupational injuries, and to improve the occupational health level of sanitation workers.
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- 2022
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28. The Role of Lipid Metabolism in Gastric Cancer.
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Cui MY, Yi X, Zhu DX, and Wu J
- Abstract
Gastric cancer has been one of the most common cancers worldwide with extensive metastasis and high mortality. Chemotherapy has been found as a main treatment for metastatic gastric cancer, whereas drug resistance limits the effectiveness of chemotherapy and leads to treatment failure. Chemotherapy resistance in gastric cancer has a complex and multifactorial mechanism, among which lipid metabolism plays a vital role. Increased synthesis of new lipids or uptake of exogenous lipids can facilitate the rapid growth of cancer cells and tumor formation. Lipids form the structural basis of biofilms while serving as signal molecules and energy sources. It is noteworthy that lipid metabolism is capable of inducing drug resistance in gastric cancer cells by reshaping the tumor micro-environment. In this study, new mechanisms of lipid metabolism in gastric cancer and the metabolic pathways correlated with chemotherapy resistance are reviewed. In particular, we discuss the effects of lipid metabolism on autophagy, biomarkers treatment and drug resistance in gastric cancer from the perspective of lipid metabolism. In brief, new insights can be gained into the development of promising therapies through an in-depth investigation of the mechanism of lipid metabolism reprogramming and resensitization to chemotherapy in gastric cancer cells, and scientific treatment can be provided by applying lipid-key enzyme inhibitors as cancer chemical sensitizers in clinical settings., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Cui, Yi, Zhu and Wu.)
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- 2022
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29. Molecular and immunochemical characterization of profilin as major allergen from Platanus acerifolia pollen.
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Yang YS, Xu ZQ, Zhu W, Zhu DX, Jiao YX, Zhang LS, Hou YB, Wei JF, and Sun JL
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- Amino Acid Sequence, Cloning, Molecular, Cross Reactions, Humans, Pollen, Recombinant Proteins genetics, Allergens chemistry, Allergens genetics, Profilins genetics
- Abstract
Background: The Platanus acerifolia (P. acerifolia) pollen is one of the most common causes of allergic respiratory symptoms in China. However, the allergenic components in P. acerifolia are not fully studied yet. The study aimed to determine the molecular and immunochemical characterization of the profilin from P. acerifolia pollen., Methods: The coding sequence of profilin was amplified, cloned, and then expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 cells and purified by nickel affinity chromatography. Protein refolding was followed by structural characterization and homology 3D model building. The allergenicity and cross-reactivity were assessed by ELISA, immunoblotting, or basophil activation test (BAT) using the sera of P. acerifolia allergic patients., Results: The cDNA sequence of profilin was cloned with a 396 bp open reading frame coding for 131 amino acids. The molecular weight of the profilin was approximately 14 kDa, and the predicted structure consisted of 3 α-helixes and 7 β-sheets. Physicochemical analysis indicated the profilin was a stable, relatively thermostable, and relatively conserved protein. The allergenicity determined by ELISA, western blot, and BAT suggested 76.9% (30/39) of the P. acerifolia pollen allergic patients displayed specific IgE recognition of the profilin. The profilin shared > 80% sequence identity with Pop n 2, the profilin from Populus nigra, and observed a significant cross-reactivity with Pop n 2 in IgE-inhibition assay., Conclusion: Profilin, as one of the major component allergens in P. acerifolia pollen, was identified and characterized at molecular and immunochemical levels in this study. These findings would contribute to developing diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for P. acerifolia pollen allergic patients., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
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30. Molecular dissection of RbpA-mediated regulation of fidaxomicin sensitivity in mycobacteria.
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Prusa J, Zhu DX, Flynn AJ, Jensen D, Ruiz Manzano A, Galburt EA, and Stallings CL
- Subjects
- Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Bacterial Proteins genetics, Bacterial Proteins metabolism, DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases genetics, DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases metabolism, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Sigma Factor metabolism, Fidaxomicin pharmacology, Mycobacterium smegmatis drug effects, Mycobacterium smegmatis enzymology, Mycobacterium smegmatis genetics
- Abstract
RNA polymerase (RNAP) binding protein A (RbpA) is essential for mycobacterial viability and regulates transcription initiation by increasing the stability of the RNAP-promoter open complex (RP
o ). RbpA consists of four domains: an N-terminal tail (NTT), a core domain (CD), a basic linker, and a sigma interaction domain. We have previously shown that truncation of the RbpA NTT and CD increases RPo stabilization by RbpA, implying that these domains inhibit this activity of RbpA. Previously published structural studies showed that the NTT and CD are positioned near multiple RNAP-σA holoenzyme functional domains and predict that the RbpA NTT contributes specific amino acids to the binding site of the antibiotic fidaxomicin (Fdx), which inhibits the formation of the RPo complex. Furthermore, deletion of the NTT results in decreased Mycobacterium smegmatis sensitivity to Fdx, but whether this is caused by a loss in Fdx binding is unknown. We generated a panel of rbpA mutants and found that the RbpA NTT residues predicted to directly interact with Fdx are partially responsible for RbpA-dependent Fdx activity in vitro, while multiple additional RbpA domains contribute to Fdx activity in vivo. Specifically, our results suggest that the RPo -stabilizing activity of RbpA decreases Fdx activity in vivo. In support of the association between RPo stability and Fdx activity, we find that another factor that promotes RPo stability in bacteria, CarD, also impacts to Fdx sensitivity. Our findings highlight how RbpA and other factors may influence RNAP dynamics to affect Fdx sensitivity., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2022
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31. Identification of Per a 13 as a novel allergen in American cockroach.
- Author
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Xu ZQ, Zhu LX, Lu C, Jiao YX, Zhu DX, Guo M, Yang YS, Cao MD, Zhang LS, Tian M, Sun JL, and Wei JF
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Allergens chemistry, Allergens isolation & purification, Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Base Sequence, Basophils metabolism, Child, Child, Preschool, Cloning, Molecular, DNA, Complementary genetics, Female, Humans, Immunization, Immunoglobulin E metabolism, Insect Proteins chemistry, Insect Proteins isolation & purification, Male, Middle Aged, Recombinant Proteins isolation & purification, Young Adult, Allergens immunology, Cockroaches immunology, Insect Proteins immunology
- Abstract
Background: Cockroaches are an important source of indoor allergens. Environmental exposure to cockroach allergens is closely associated with the development of immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated allergic diseases. However, the allergenic components in the American cockroaches are not fully studied yet. In order to develop novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for cockroach allergy, it is necessary to comprehensively investigate this undescribed allergen in the American cockroach., Methods: The full-length cDNA of the potential allergen was isolated from the cDNA library of the American cockroach by PCR cloning. Both the recombinant and natural protein molecules were purified and characterized. The allergenicity was further analyzed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, immunoblot, and basophil activation test using sera from cockroach allergic patients., Results: A novel allergen belonging to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) was firstly identified in the American cockroach and named as Per a 13. The cDNA of this allergen is 1255 base pairs in length and contains an open reading frame of 999 base pairs, encoding 332 amino acids. The purified Per a 13 was fully characterized and assessed to react with IgEs from 49.3 % of cockroach allergic patients, and patients with allergic rhinitis were more sensitized to it. Moreover, the allergenicity was further confirmed by immunoblot and basophil activation test., Conclusions: We firstly identified GAPDH (Per a 13) in the American cockroach, which is a novel type of inhalant allergen derived from animal species. These findings could be useful in developing novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for cockroach allergy., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
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32. Dissection of 4L lymph node for left-sided non-small cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis.
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Deng HY, Li D, Qiu XM, Zhu DX, Tang X, and Zhou Q
- Subjects
- Dissection, Humans, Lymph Node Excision, Lymph Nodes pathology, Lymph Nodes surgery, Neoplasm Staging, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung pathology, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung surgery, Lung Neoplasms pathology, Lung Neoplasms surgery
- Abstract
Background: Whether dissection of left lower paratracheal (4L) lymph node has any impact on survival of patients with left-sided non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. We conducted the first meta-analysis to compare the survival of patients treated with 4L lymph node dissection (LND) and those without for left-sided NSCLC., Methods: We systematically searched relevant studies from PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science on February 6, 2020. Data for analysis included 5-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates, OS, and DFS. We calculated risk ratio (RR) for pooling 5-year OS and DFS rates and extracted hazard ratio (HR) from multivariate analysis for pooling OS and DFS., Results: We finally included three retrospective cohort studies with propensity score-matched analysis consisting of 2103 patients. Meta-analysis showed that patients treated with 4L LND yielded significantly higher 5-year OS (67.7% vs. 54.6%; fixed effects models: RR = 0.75; 95% confidence interval [CI] = [0.67, 0.84]; p < 0.001; I
2 = 0%) and DFS (53.3% vs. 44.8%; fixed effects models: RR = 0.85; 95% CI = [0.76, 0.95]; p = 0.003; I2 = 41.7%) rates than patients without 4L LNDS. Moreover, dissection of 4L lymph node was significantly associated with better OS (fixed effects model: HR = 0.66; 95% CI = [0.57, 0.76]; p < 0.001; I2 = 45.7%) and DFS (fixed effects model: HR = 0.67; 95% CI = [0.52, 0.87]; p = 0.003; I2 = 0%). No significant heterogeneities were observed., Conclusions: Dissection of 4L lymph node could significantly improve both 5-year OS and DFS rates and 4L LND was a favorable prognostic factor for patients with left-sided NSCLC., (© 2021 Royal Australasian College of Surgeons.)- Published
- 2021
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33. Sarcopenia and prognosis of advanced cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.
- Author
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Deng HY, Chen ZJ, Qiu XM, Zhu DX, Tang XJ, and Zhou Q
- Subjects
- Humans, Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors, Prognosis, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung drug therapy, Lung Neoplasms drug therapy, Sarcopenia diagnosis, Sarcopenia etiology
- Abstract
Objectives: Sarcopenia is commonly encountered in patients with advanced cancer, but the role of sarcopenia in predicting prognosis in this group of patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) remains undetermined. The aim of this study was to performed the first meta-analysis focusing on the prognostic value of sarcopenia in patients with advanced cancer who were treated with ICIs comprehensively., Methods: A systematic search for relevant studies in the Web of Science, PubMed, and Embase was conducted on August 19, 2020. Outcomes including response rate, 1-y progression-free survival (PFS) rate, 1-y overall survival (OS) rate, and hazard ratios (HRs) of PFS and OS were extracted. Meta-analysis was performed by using the STATA version 12 software package., Results: Nine cohort studies consisting of 740 patients with advanced cancer receiving ICIs were finally included for analysis. Our meta-analysis found that patients with sarcopenia tended to have a lower response rate than those without the disease (30.5 versus 15.9%; P = 0.095). Furthermore, patients with sarcopenia yielded a significantly shorter 1-y PFS rate (32 versus 10.8%; risk ratio [RR], 1.31; P < 0.001) and 1-y OS rate (66 versus 43%; RR, 1.71; P < 0.001) than patients without sarcopenia. Moreover, sarcopenia was found to be an independent, unfavorable prognostic factor of PFS (HR, 1.79; P < 0.001) and OS (HR, 2.11; P < 0.001) in patients with advanced cancer receiving ICIs. Subgroup analysis further confirmed the unfavorable predictive value of sarcopenia in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer and those with melanoma receiving ICIs., Conclusions: Sarcopenia proved to be an independent, unfavorable prognostic factor in patients with advanced cancer receiving ICIs. Routine assessment of sarcopenia status and correction of sarcopenic status should be emphasized for patients treated with ICIs. Further research with sufficient adjustments for confounding factors are warranted to better elucidate the prognostic value of sarcopenia in these patients., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
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34. Assessing Differences in Lymph Node Metastasis Based Upon Sex in Early Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.
- Author
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Deng HY, Liu C, Qiu XM, Zhu DX, Tang XJ, and Zhou Q
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Lymph Node Excision, Lymph Nodes pathology, Lymph Nodes surgery, Lymphatic Metastasis, Male, Neoplasm Staging, Retrospective Studies, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung pathology, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung surgery, Lung Neoplasms pathology, Lung Neoplasms surgery
- Abstract
Backgrounds: Whether sex has any impact on the risk of lymph node (LN) metastasis (LNM) in patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains controversial. Therefore, we aimed to objectively compared the risk of LNM between female and male patients with early-stage NSCLC so as to figure out whether sex-different extent of surgery may be justified for treating these patients., Methods: We retrospectively collected clinical data of patients undergoing lobectomy or segmentectomy with systematic hilar and mediastinal LN dissection for clinical stage IA peripheral NSCLC from June 2014 to April 2019. Both multivariate logistic regression analysis and propensity score-matched(PSM) analysis were applied to compare the risk of LNM between female and male patients., Results: We finally included a total of 660 patients for analysis. In the analysis of unmatched cohorts, there was no significant different rate of LNM (12.4% Vs 13.9%, P=0.556), hilar/intrapulmonary LNM (8.4% Vs 10.7%, P=0.318) and mediastinal LNM(7.9% Vs 7.5%, P=0.851) between female and male patients. In the multivariate analysis, sex was not found to be an independent predictor of LN in these patients. Moreover, in the analysis of well-matched cohorts generated by PSM analysis, there was still no significant different rate of LNM (13.8% Vs 13.4%, P=0.892), hilar/intrapulmonary LNM (9.1% Vs 11.2%, P=0.442) and mediastinal LNM (9.1% Vs 6.5%, P=0.289) between female and male patients., Conclusions: Sex was not an independent predictor of LNM in early-stage NSCLC and there is no sufficient evidence justifying for sex-different extent of surgical resection for these patients.
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- 2021
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35. Aberrant lipid metabolism reprogramming and immune microenvironment for gastric cancer: a literature review.
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Cui MY, Yi X, Zhu DX, and Wu J
- Abstract
Objective: We summarize the aberrant lipid metabolism disorders associated with enzyme activity and expression changes and related immune microenvironment for gastric cancer., Background: Gastric cancer is a malignant tumor of the primary digestive system with high incidence, poor prognosis characterized by extensive metastasis and poor effect with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. One of the most important metabolic characteristics of cancer cells is lipid metabolism reprogramming to adapt to the tumor micro-environment., Methods: The focus of research in recent years has also been on lipid metabolism disorders, particularly aberrant metabolism of fatty acids (FAs) in gastric cancer cells, as well as an upregulation of the expression and activity of key enzymes in lipid metabolism. These changes remind us of the occurrence and development of gastric cancer. These metabolic changes are not unique to cancer cells. Changes in metabolic procedures also determine the function and viability of immune cells. In the immune microenvironment of gastric cancer, the metabolic competition and interaction between cancer cells and immune cells are not very clear, while a deeper understanding of the topic is critical to targeting the differential metabolic requirements of them that comprise an immune response to cancer offers an opportunity to selectively regulate immune cell function., Conclusions: Recent research suggests that targeting metabolism is an emerging and potentially promising treatment strategy for gastric cancer patients. We need to explore it further., Competing Interests: Conflicts of Interest: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form (available at https://dx.doi.org/10.21037/tcr-21-655). All authors report this study was supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China (nos. 81770212, to Dr. Dan-Xia Zhu) and the full text was polished by the professional native speaker Dan-Xia Zhu. The authors have no other conflicts of interest to declare., (2021 Translational Cancer Research. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
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36. Application of velocity vector imaging (VVI) in the evaluation of left ventricular myocardial contractile strain and dyssynchrony before and after stent implantation in patients with coronary heart disease.
- Author
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Zhu DX, Ma YY, Wang XY, Li BH, Liu Q, and Shi JJ
- Subjects
- Heart Ventricles diagnostic imaging, Humans, Stents, Ventricular Function, Left, Coronary Disease, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
- Abstract
Background: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has become increasingly mature and has gradually become the main treatment for coronary heart disease (CHD). However, evaluation of myocardial reperfusion after PCI remains a major clinical challenge. This study aimed to explore the VVI technique in evaluating the effect, prognosis, and follow-up of CHD patients after percutaneous coronary intervention. We performed a quantitative analysis of left ventricular myocardial contractile strain and dyssynchrony before and after stent implantation in patients by VVI., Methods: Thirty-five patients diagnosed with CHD who underwent percutaneous coronary stenting (PCI) in the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University from March 2019 to October 2020 were selected as the case group. Continuous dynamic two-dimensional images of the patient's left ventricle were analyzed using VVI at 1 day before PCI (group A), 7 days after PCI (group B), and 30 days after PCI (group C). The patients' left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVESD), left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF), peak longitudinal strain, and peak radial strain of myocardial contraction were measured. The VVI images of 35 healthy subjects who underwent physical examination in the outpatient department of our hospital from March 2019 to October 2020 were selected as controls., Results: There were no significant differences in the LVEF, LVEDD, and LVESD between the case and control groups (P>0.05). The peak systolic longitudinal and radial strain values at 1 month after treatment were higher than those before treatment. The differences among myocardial segments were statistically significant, except for the apical septum, base anterior, apical anterior, and base inferior segments (P<0.05). The peak systolic longitudinal and radial strain values at 1 week after treatment were not significantly different from those at 1 month after treatment, except for the base anterior septum, mid anterior, posterior, and inferior myocardial segments (P>0.05)., Conclusions: VVI technology can comprehensively and objectively evaluate the overall and local myocardial function of the left ventricle, thereby providing a novel method for the clinical treatment of CHD as well as the evaluation of curative effect and prognosis.
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- 2021
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37. Stereodivergent Synthesis of Enantioenriched 2,3-Disubstituted Dihydrobenzofurans via a One-Pot C-H Functionalization/Oxa-Michael Addition Cascade.
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Zhu DX, Liu JG, and Xu MH
- Abstract
A one-pot rhodium-catalyzed C-H functionalization/organocatalyzed oxa-Michael addition cascade reaction has been developed. This methodology enables the stereodivergent synthesis of diverse 2,3-disubstituted dihydrobenzofurans with broad functional group compatibility in good yields with high levels of stereoselectivity under exceptionally mild conditions. The full complement of stereoisomers of chiral 2,3-disubstituted dihydrobenzofurans and 3,4-disubstituted isochromans could be accessed at will by appropriate permutations of the two chiral catalysts. The current work provides a rare example of two chiral catalysts independently controlling two contiguous stereogenic centers subsequently via a two-step reaction in a single operation.
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- 2021
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38. Different Types of Double-Level Degenerative Lumber Spondylolisthesis: What Is Different in the Sagittal Plane?
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Zhang GZ, Deng YJ, He XG, Ren EH, Wu ZL, Yang FG, Yang L, Ma ZJ, Gao YC, Guo XD, Wang YD, Liu MQ, Zhu DX, and Kang XW
- Subjects
- Aged, Disability Evaluation, Female, Humans, Intervertebral Disc Degeneration diagnostic imaging, Intervertebral Disc Degeneration surgery, Kyphosis pathology, Lordosis pathology, Low Back Pain etiology, Lumbar Vertebrae diagnostic imaging, Lumbar Vertebrae surgery, Male, Middle Aged, Neurosurgical Procedures, Pelvis pathology, Retrospective Studies, Spinal Fusion, Spondylolisthesis diagnostic imaging, Spondylolisthesis surgery, Intervertebral Disc Degeneration pathology, Lumbar Vertebrae pathology, Spondylolisthesis pathology
- Abstract
Background: Degenerative lumber spondylolisthesis (DLS) is a common orthopedic condition, described as a condition that compared with the lower vertebra, the superior vertebra slides forward or backward in the sagittal plane without accompanying isthmic spondylolisthesis. Information pertaining to different types of double-level DLS is scarce. This study aims to analyze parameters of patients with different types of double-level DLS to provide a reference for guiding surgical treatment and restoring sagittal balance of patients with DLS., Methods: From January 2014 to January 2020, records of patients with double-level DLS were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with double-level DLS were divided into 3 types: anterior, posterior, and combined; the anterior and combined types were studied. The sagittal spinopelvic parameters included C7 tilt, maximal thoracic kyphosis, maximal lumbar lordosis (LLmax), pelvic incidence (PI), pelvic tilt (PT), and sacral slope (SS). After descriptive analysis, demographic and radiographic data were compared., Results: Forty and 18 patients were included in the anterior and combined type groups, respectively. Both groups had different levels of chronic low back pain, but the incidence of radiating leg pain and neurogenic claudication was significantly higher in the anterior type. Oswestry Disability Index and visual analog scale low back scores were also higher in the anterior type. In the anterior type, C7 tilt (7.14 ± 2.15 vs. 5.41 ± 2.28, P = 0.007), LLmax (50.02 ± 14.76 vs. 36.96 ± 14.56, P = 0.003), PI (68.28 ± 9.16 vs. 55.53 ± 14.19, P < 0.001), PT (28.68 ± 7.31 vs. 19.38 ± 4.70, P < 0.001), and PT/PI (42.45 ± 11.22 vs. 36.04 ± 9.87, P = 0.041) were significantly higher. In the anterior type, PI correlated positively with LLmax (r = 0.59) and SS (r = 0.71). LLmax and SS (r = 0.65) had a positive correlation. PT/PI and SS (r = -0.77) had a negative correlation. In the combined type, PI correlated positively with LLmax (r = 0.61) and SS (r = 0.88), and PT/PI correlated negatively with SS (r = -0.81)., Conclusions: In patients with double-level DLS, the sagittal spinopelvic parameters differed between the anterior and combined types. Overall, spinal surgeons should focus on correcting sagittal deformities, relieving postoperative clinical symptoms, and improving quality of life during fusion surgery., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2021
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39. Research progress on the regulatory role of microRNAs in spinal cord injury.
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Guo XD, He XG, Yang FG, Liu MQ, Wang YD, Zhu DX, Zhang GZ, Ma ZJ, and Kang XW
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- Apoptosis, Humans, RNA, Messenger, Spinal Cord, MicroRNAs genetics, Spinal Cord Injuries genetics, Spinal Cord Injuries therapy
- Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe CNS injury that results in abnormalities in, or loss of, motor, sensory and autonomic nervous function. miRNAs belong to a new class of noncoding RNA that regulates the production of proteins and biological function of cells by silencing translation or interfering with the expression of target mRNAs. Following SCI, miRNAs related to oxidative stress, inflammation, autophagy, apoptosis and many other secondary injuries are differentially expressed, and these miRNAs play an important role in the progression of secondary injuries after SCI. The purpose of this review is to elucidate the differential expression and functional roles of miRNAs after SCI, thus providing references for further research on miRNAs in SCI.
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- 2021
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40. Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Sleeve Lobectomy for Centrally Located Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Meta-analysis.
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Deng HY, Qiu XM, Zhu DX, Tang X, and Zhou Q
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- Humans, Pneumonectomy, Retrospective Studies, Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted, Thoracotomy, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung surgery, Lung Neoplasms surgery
- Abstract
Background: Whether video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) sleeve lobectomy could be an alternative to traditional thoracotomy sleeve lobectomy in treating centrally located non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. Therefore, we conducted the first meta-analysis to compare the effects of VATS sleeve lobectomy with thoracotomy sleeve lobectomy., Methods: We systematically searched relevant studies from Pubmed, Embase, and Web of Science on May 12, 2020. Data for analysis included short-term outcomes (blood loss, lymph node dissected, operation time, hospital stay, complications) and long-term outcomes (3-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates). We calculated the weighted mean differences (WMDs) for continuous data and risk ratio (RR) for pooling categorical data., Results: We finally included 5 retrospective cohort study consisting of 436 patients. VATS sleeve lobectomy yielded significantly less blood loss (WMD = -37.83; 95% confidence intervals (CIs) = [-58.56, -17.11]; P < 0.001) than thoracotomy sleeve lobectomy and comparable total number of dissected lymph node to thoracotomy sleeve lobectomy (WMD = - 0.07; 95%CI = [-1.14, 0.99]; P = 0.89). However, VATS sleeve lobectomy consumed significantly more operation time than thoracotomy sleeve lobectomy (WMD = 49.00; 95%CI = [14.67, 83.34]; P = 0.005). VATS sleeve lobectomy yielded significantly less postoperative hospital stay time than thoracotomy sleeve lobectomy (WMD = -1.68; 95%CI = [-2.98, -0.39]; P = 0.011) and comparable postoperative complication rate to thoracotomy sleeve lobectomy (RR = 0.84; 95%CI = [0.49, 1.44]; P = 0.52). Moreover, VATS sleeve lobectomy yielded comparable 3-year OS (RR = 1.08; 95%CI = [0.95, 1.22]; P = 0.23) and PFS (RR = 1.15; 95%CI = [0.96, 1.37]; P = 0.13) rates to thoracotomy sleeve lobectomy. No significant heterogeneities were observed., Conclusions: VATS sleeve lobectomy yielded less surgical trauma than thoracotomy sleeve lobectomy and improved postoperative recovery without compromising oncological prognosis. Even though VATS sleeve lobectomy may consume more operation time, it could be recommended as an alternative to thoracotomy sleeve lobectomy for treating centrally located NSCLC in carefully selected cases.
- Published
- 2021
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41. Regiospecific and Enantioselective Arylvinylcarbene Insertion of a C-H Bond of Aniline Derivatives Enabled by a Rh(I)-Diene Catalyst.
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Zhu DX, Xia H, Liu JG, Chung LW, and Xu MH
- Abstract
Asymmetric insertion of an arylvinylcarbenoid into the C-H bond for direct enantioselective C(sp
2 )-H functionalization of aniline derivatives catalyzed by a rhodium(I)-diene complex was developed for the first time. The reaction occurred exclusively at the uncommon vinyl terminus site with excellent E selectivity and enantioselectivities, providing various chiral γ,γ- gem -diarylsubstituted α,β-unsaturated esters with broad functional group compatibility under simple and mild conditions. It provides a rare example of the asymmetric C-H insertion of arenes with selective vinylogous reactivity. Synthesis applications of this protocol were featured by several versatile product transformations. Systematic DFT calculations were also performed to elucidate the reaction mechanism and origin of the uncommon enantio- and regioselectivity of the Rh(I)-catalyzed C(sp2 )-H functionalization reaction. The measured and computed inverse deuterium kinetic isotope effect supports the C-C bond-formation step as the rate-determining step. Attractive interactions between the chiral ligand and substrates were also proposed to control the enantioselectivity.- Published
- 2021
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42. Comments on "Photobiomodulation Improved the First Stages of Wound Healing Process After Abdominoplasty: An Experimental, Double-Blinded, Non-randomized Clinical Trial".
- Author
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Zhu DX, Yuan FL, Sun ZL, Feng Y, and Liu SY
- Subjects
- Wound Healing, Abdominoplasty
- Published
- 2021
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43. Perspectives and Advances in the Understanding of Tuberculosis.
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Kinsella RL, Zhu DX, Harrison GA, Mayer Bridwell AE, Prusa J, Chavez SM, and Stallings CL
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- Antitubercular Agents therapeutic use, Humans, Mycobacterium tuberculosis pathogenicity, Tuberculosis
- Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( Mtb ), the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), remains a leading cause of death due to infection in humans. To more effectively combat this pandemic, many aspects of TB control must be developed, including better point of care diagnostics, shorter and safer drug regimens, and a protective vaccine. To address all these areas of need, better understanding of the pathogen, host responses, and clinical manifestations of the disease is required. Recently, the application of cutting-edge technologies to the study of Mtb pathogenesis has resulted in significant advances in basic biology, vaccine development, and antibiotic discovery. This leaves us in an exciting era of Mtb research in which our understanding of this deadly infection is improving at a faster rate than ever, and renews hope in our fight to end TB. In this review, we reflect on what is known regarding Mtb pathogenesis, highlighting recent breakthroughs that will provide leverage for the next leaps forward in the field.
- Published
- 2021
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44. Cat-NPC2, a Newly Identified Allergen, With High Cross-Reactivity to Can f 7.
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Zhu DX, Li L, Xu ZQ, Zhang C, Zhang JS, Sun JL, and Wei JF
- Abstract
Purpose: Pet-derived allergens are the common indoor inhalant allergens. Among them, cat and dog allergens constitute more than 80% of animal allergic patients, which greatly affect the quality-of-life of patients and increase the burden of social health care. The aim of this study was to identify Cat-Niemann pick type C2 (NPC2) protein, a homologue of Can f 7, as a new allergen., Methods: Cat-NPC2 complementary DNA (cDNA) was cloned and optimized for amplification and expression in Escherichia coli . Then, recombinant Cat-NPC2 (rCat-NPC2) was purified by Ni
2+ affinity chromatography. The allergenicity was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), western blot and basophil activation test (BAT). Based on the sequence similarity, the cross-reactivity between Cat-NPC2 and Can f 7 was investigated by inhibition ELISA. Circular dichroism spectroscopy and homology modeling were used to characterize the structure of Cat-NPC2., Results: The cDNA sequence of Cat-NPC2 was cloned with a 450-bp open reading frame coding for 149 amino acids (GenBank MN_737596). The condon-optimized NPC2 gene was subcloned and expressed in E. coli with a molecular weight of 18.9 kDa. The native Cat-NPC2 was detected in cat dander extracts. The allergenicity determined by ELISA, western blot and BAT suggested at least 14.5% cat-allergic patients displayed high specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) recognition of Cat-NPC2. The predicted structure of Cat-NPC2 was found to consist of 7 β-strands arranged in 2 β-sheets. An ELISA based assay showed that rCat-NPC2 bound to cholesterol in a dose dependent manner. Based on the structure and sequence similarities, IgE cross-reactivity was demonstrated between Cat-NPC2 and Can f 7/Der f 2., Conclusions: In the study, a novel cat allergen, belonging to the NPC2 protein family, was identified and characterized at both molecular and immunological levels. The study will offer a deeper understanding of cat allergens and improve a component-resolved diagnosis in pet allergy., Competing Interests: There are no financial or other issues that might lead to conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 The Korean Academy of Asthma, Allergy and Clinical Immunology · The Korean Academy of Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Disease.)- Published
- 2021
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45. Ternary cancer comprising prostatic cancer, esophageal cancer, and gastric cardia cancer: a case report and literature review.
- Author
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Xian QY, Li XD, Zhang HY, Wu J, and Zhu DX
- Abstract
A 61-year-old male patient was admitted to our hospital with frequent urination, urgency, and increased nocturia for more than 3 months, and the symptoms were aggravated for 1 week. Prostate biopsy revealed prostatic adenocarcinoma. After 5 months, the patient developed dysphagia and gastroscopy showed a middle and lower esophageal cancer (squamous cell carcinoma). 12 months later, he returned to the hospital because of dysphagia. He was examined by gastroscopy which showed the cardia to have low-grade adenocarcinoma. The patient was given Casodex + Zoladex endocrine therapy, zoledronic acid inhibiting bone destruction, concurrent chemoradiotherapy, capecitabinen tablets at a dose of 1000 mg bid, 3 cycles of intravenous paclitaxel at 180 mg/d1 plus cisplatin 60 mg/d1-2, 4 cycles of intravenous paclitaxel at 150 mg/d1 plus cisplatin at 60 mg/d1 as systemic chemotherapy. The curative effect is was considerable after treatment, and the patient's condition was stable. Since the onset of the disease in March 2018, the patient's condition had not progressed significantly for 27 months. The diagnosis and treatment of this patient with ternary cancer in the hospital improved the clinician's understanding of multiple primary cancers. Multidisciplinary treatment improved the patient's prognosis and quality of life. We reviewed similar case reports and retrospective studies of multiple primary cancers and found that there is no specific treatment for multiple primary cancers, but a corresponding treatment program can be formulated for each tumor to control progression while screening for possible other primary tumors., Competing Interests: None., (IJCEP Copyright © 2020.)
- Published
- 2020
46. Serum microRNA expression profiling revealing potential diagnostic biomarkers for lung adenocarcinoma.
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Shan X, Zhang L, Zhu DX, Zhou X, Zhang H, Liu QX, Tang JW, Wen W, Wang TS, Zhu W, and Liu P
- Subjects
- Biomarkers, Biomarkers, Tumor genetics, Gene Expression Profiling, Humans, ROC Curve, Adenocarcinoma of Lung diagnosis, Adenocarcinoma of Lung genetics, Lung Neoplasms diagnosis, Lung Neoplasms genetics, MicroRNAs genetics
- Abstract
Background: Recent studies have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) in the blood circulation can serve as promising diagnostic markers for cancers. This four-stage study aimed at finding serum miRNAs as potential biomarkers for lung adenocarcinoma (LA) diagnosis., Methods: The study was carried out between 2016 and 2017. The Exiqon miRNA qPCR panel (3 LA vs. 1 normal control [NC] pooled serum samples) was used for initial screening to acquire miRNA profiles. Thirty-five dysregulated miRNAs were further evaluated in the training (24 LA vs. 24 NCs) and testing stages (110 LA vs. 110 NCs) using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assays., Results: Four serum miRNAs (miR-133a-3p, miR-584-5p, miR-10b-5p, and miR-221-3p) were significantly overexpressed in LA patients compared with NCs. The diagnostic value of the four-miRNA panel was validated by an external cohort (36 LA vs. 36 NCs). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the four-miRNA panel in the training, testing, and external validation stages were 0.734, 0.803, and 0.894 respectively. Meanwhile, the expression level of miR-221-3p was much higher in LA tumor samples than that in the adjacent normal tissues (19 LA vs. 19 NCs). The expression level of miR-10b-5p was also elevated in the serum-derived exosomes samples (18 LA vs. 18 NCs). The expression of miR-133a-3p, miR-584-5p, and miR-10b-5p was significantly elevated in LA patients with epidermal growth factor receptor mutation compared with NCs., Conclusion: The study established a four-miRNA signature in serum that could improve the diagnostic capability of LA.
- Published
- 2020
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47. [Efficacy analysis on laparoscopic simultaneous resection of primary colorectal cancer and liver metastases].
- Author
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Zhu DX, He GD, Mao YH, Wei Y, Ren L, Lin Q, Wang XY, and Xu JM
- Subjects
- Aged, Colorectal Neoplasms pathology, Feasibility Studies, Female, Humans, Laparoscopy, Liver Neoplasms secondary, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Retrospective Studies, Treatment Outcome, Colorectal Neoplasms surgery, Hepatectomy methods, Liver Neoplasms surgery, Neoplasms, Multiple Primary surgery
- Abstract
Objective: To investigate the short-term outcomes of laparoscopic simultaneous resection of primary colorectal cancer and liver metastases in patients with resectable synchronous colorectal liver metastases (SCRLM). Methods: A descriptive case series study was performed. Clinicopathological data of patients with SCRLM who underwent laparoscopic simultaneous resection of colorectal cancer and liver metastases in Zhongshan Hospital between December 2015 and September 2018 were retrieved from a prospective colorectal cancer database. Perioperative presentations and short-term outcomes were analyzed. Results: A total of 53 patients were enrolled with average age of(61.7±11.3) years. Among them, 32 were male (60.4%) and 21 were female (39.6%). Twenty-five patients (47.2%) were American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade I and 28 (52.8%) were grade II. All the patients completed laparoscopic simultaneous resection without conversion. The average operation time was (320.2±114.5) min. The estimated blood loss was 150.0 (45.0-2000.0) ml, and only 2 cases (3.8%) received intraoperative transfusion. Postoperative pathologic results revealed that the average primary tumor size was (5.4±1.9) cm; 4 cases (7.5%) were T1-2 stage and 48 cases (90.6%) were T3-4 stage; 40 patients (75.5%) had lymph node metastasis; 19 (35.8%) had vascular involvement; 24 (45.3%) had neural invasion. The median number of liver metastases was 1.0 (1-8), and the average size of largest liver metastases was (3.0±1.9) cm. The median margin of liver metastases was 1.0 (0.1-3.5) cm, and only 1 case was R1 resection. The average time to the first postoperative flatus was (67.9±28.9) h, and the average time to the liquid diet was (107.0±33.8) h. The average postoperative indwelling catheterization time was (85.6±56.4) h. The average postoperative hospital stay was (9.2±4.4) d, and the average cost was (82±26) thousand RMB. No death within postoperative 30-day was found. The morbidity of postoperative complication was 32.1% (17/53) and 3 patients developed grade III to IV complications which were improved by conservative treatment. The median follow-up period was 23.2 months. During follow-up, 19 patients (35.8%) developed recurrence or metastasis, and 4 (7.5%) died. The 1- and 2-year disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 68% and 47% respectively, and the 1- and 2-year overall survival rates were 95% and 86% respectively. Conclusions: Laparoscopic simultaneous resection of primary colorectal cancer and liver metastases is safe and feasible in selected patients with SCRLM. Postoperative intestinal function recovery is enhanced, and morbidity and oncological outcomes are acceptable.
- Published
- 2020
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48. Age-different extent of resection for clinical IA non-small cell lung cancer: analysis of nodal metastasis.
- Author
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Deng HY, Zhou J, Wang RL, Jiang R, Qiu XM, Zhu DX, Tang XJ, and Zhou Q
- Subjects
- Adenocarcinoma of Lung surgery, Age Factors, Aged, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung surgery, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell surgery, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Lung Neoplasms surgery, Lymphatic Metastasis, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Staging, Retrospective Studies, Adenocarcinoma of Lung secondary, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung secondary, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell secondary, Lung Neoplasms pathology, Pneumonectomy methods
- Abstract
Whether age has any impact on the risk of lymph node (LN) metastasis in patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains controversial. Therefore, we aimed to objectively compare the risk of LN metastasis between elderly and young patients so as to justify for age-different extent of surgical resection for treating these patients. We retrospectively collected clinical data of patients undergoing lobectomy or segmentectomy with systematic hilar and mediastinal LN dissection for clinical stage IA peripheral NSCLC from January 2015 to December 2018. Both multivariate logistic regression analysis and propensity score-matched (PSM) analysis were applied to compare the risk of LN metastasis between elderly (>65 years old) and young (≤65 years old) patients. We finally included a total of 590 patients for analysis (142 elderly patients and 448 young patients). In the analysis of unmatched cohorts, young patients tended to have higher rates of hilar/intrapulmonary LN (13.4% VS 9.2%) and mediastinal LN metastasis (10.5% VS 6.3%) than elderly patients. In the multivariate analysis, age was found to be an independent predictor of both hilar/intrapulmonary (Odds ratio(OR) = 2.065, 95%confidence interval(CI): 1.049-4.064, P = 0.036) and mediastinal (OR = 2.400, 95%CI: 1.083-5.316, P = 0.031) LN metastasis. Moreover, in the analysis of well-matched cohorts generated by PSM analysis, young patients had significantly higher rates of hilar/intrapulmonary (18.8% VS 9.4%, P = 0.039) and mediastinal LN metastasis (17.1% VS 6.0%, P = 0.008) than elderly patients. Therefore, age remains to be an independent predictor of LN metastasis in early-stage NSCLC and age-different extent of surgical resection may be justified for these patients.
- Published
- 2020
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49. Macrophage activation syndrome as a complication of dermatomyositis: A case report.
- Author
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Zhu DX, Qiao JJ, and Fang H
- Abstract
Background: Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) can be a fatal complication of rheumatic disorders, which occurs most commonly in patients with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus. It has rarely been reported in patients with dermatomyositis. Here, we describe a fatal case of MAS that developed in an adult patient with dermatomyositis., Case Summary: A 44-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with fever, generalized rash and muscle weakness. Fifteen days later, the fever persisted after the use of antibiotics, and repeat blood culture was negative. The patient then exhibited a typical Gottron sign and diffuse erythema on the face and neck, which were consistent with a diagnosis of dermatomyositis. The patient exhibited limb muscle strength of 2, and electromyography was suggestive of muscle-derived damage, which also supported a diagnosis of dermatomyositis. In addition, the patient exhibited high serum ferritin level, cytopenia, liver dysfunction, coagulopathy, enlarged spleen and hypertriglyceridemia, all of which are typical manifestations of MAS. The patient was diagnosed with dermatomyositis complicated by MAS. Although a high dose of methylprednisolone was administered for 15 d, the patient's condition continued to deteriorate and central nervous system symptoms developed. Eventually, treatment was discontinued, and the patient died., Conclusion: MAS is an important, potentially fatal, complication of dermatomyositis. Although MAS is rare in dermatomyositis, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of an unexplained change of hemoglobin, platelet, fibrinogen, ferritin and triglyceride, which may complicate dermatomyositis., Competing Interests: Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest., (©The Author(s) 2020. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
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50. [Risk factors of anastomotic leakage after robotic surgery for low and mid rectal cancer].
- Author
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Chen JW, Chang WJ, Zhang ZY, He GD, Feng QY, Zhu DX, Yi T, Lin Q, Wei Y, and Xu JM
- Subjects
- Aged, Anastomosis, Surgical adverse effects, Case-Control Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Anastomotic Leak etiology, Proctectomy adverse effects, Rectal Neoplasms surgery, Robotic Surgical Procedures adverse effects
- Abstract
Objective: To investigate the risk factors associated with anastomotic leakage after robotic surgery in mid-low rectal cancer. Methods: A retrospective case-control study method was conducted. Inclusion criteria: (1) 18 to 80 years old; (2) pathologically confirmed rectal cancer; (3) distance <10 cm from tumor to anal margin; (4) robotic anterior rectal resection. Patients with previous history of colorectal cancer surgery, distant metastases or other malignant tumors, undergoing emergency surgery, with severe abdominal adhesions or those receiving combined organ resection were excluded. Based on the above criteria, 636 patients undergoing robotic radical sphincter-preserving surgery for mid-low rectal cancer in Zhongshan Hospital from January 2015 to December 2018 were included in this study, including 398 males (62.6%) and 238 females (37.4%) with a mean age of (61.9±11.3) years. Sixty-eight cases (10.7%) received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Amony the 636 included patients, 123(19.3%) underwent natural orifice specimen extraction surgery (NOSES) and 15 (2.3%) underwent preventive stoma. According to the cirteria developed by the International Rectal Cancer Research Group in 2010, the anastomotic leakage was classified as grade A (no requirement of intervention), B (requirement of intervention), and C (requirement of operation). Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between anastomotic leakage and clinicopathological factors. Factors in univariate analysis with P <0.05 were included in the multivariate analysis. Results: Anastomotic leakage occurred in 38 cases (6.0%). The grading of anastomotic leakage was grade A in 13 cases (2.0%), grade B in 19 cases (3.0%), and grade C in 6 cases (0.9%). The 3-year disease-free survival rate of patients with anastomotic leakage and without anastomotic leakage was 83.5% and 83.6% respectively ( P =0.862); the 3-year overall survival rate of the two group was 85.1% and 87.5% respectively ( P =0.296). The results of univariate logistic regression analysis showed that male ( P =0.011), longer operation time ( P =0.042), distance ≤5 cm from tumor to anal margin ( P =0.012), more intraoperative blood loss ( P =0.048) were associated with anastomotic leakage (all P <0.05). NOSES was not associated with anastomotic leakage ( P =0.704). Multivariate analysis confirmed that male (OR=3.03, 95%CI: 1.37 to 7.14, P =0.010), operation time ≥180 minutes (OR=2.04, 95%CI: 1.03 to 3.99, P =0.040), distance ≤5 cm from tumor to anal margin (OR=2.56, 95%CI:1.28 to 5.26, P =0.008) were independent risk factors for anastomotic leakage. Conclusion: Male, short distance from tumor to anal margin, and long operation time are independent risk factors for anastomotic leakage in patients undergoing robotic mid-low rectal cancer radical surgeries. These patients need to be cautiously treated during surgery.
- Published
- 2020
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