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Sentiment analysis is the process of automatically determining an opinion holder􀆳s attitude or emotional tendency. It is widely used in business, social media analysis, and public opinion monitoring. In unimodal sentiment analysis, most researchers use text, facial expressions, and audio information. With the development of deep learning technology, sentiment analysis has expanded from a unimodal to a multimodal field. Combining multiple modalities can address the limitations of a unimodal and understand the emotions expressed by people more accurately and comprehensively. This paper summarizes the critical techniques of multimodal sentiment analysis based on three kinds of unimodal sentiment analysis. Firstly, the multimodal sentiment analysis background and its research status are briefly introduced. Secondly, the relevant datasets that are commonly used are summarized. Then, this paper describes the unimodal sentiment analysis based on text, facial expression, and audio information. In addition, this paper analyzes the critical techniques of video multimodal sentiment analysis, including multimodal fusion, alignment and modal noise processing, and provides a detailed analysis of these techniques’ relationships and their applications. Next, the performance metrics of different models on three commonly used datasets are analyzed, further validating the effectiveness of these key techniques. Finally, the existing challenges in multimodal sentiment analysis and future development trends are discussed.

Abstract Background In recent years, multiple coagulation and fibrinolysis (CF) indexes have been reported to be significantly related to the progression and prognosis of some cancers. Objective The purpose of this study was to comprehensively analyze the value of CF parameters in prognosis prediction of pancreatic cancer (PC). Methods The preoperative coagulation related data, clinicopathological information, and survival data of patients with pancreatic tumor were collected retrospectively. Mann Whitney U test, Kaplan-Meier analysis, and Cox proportional hazards regression model were applied to analyze the differences of coagulation indexes between benign and malignant tumors, as well as the roles of these indexes in PC prognosis prediction. Results Compared with benign tumors, the preoperative levels of some traditional coagulation and fibrinolysis (TCF) indexes (such as TT, Fibrinogen, APTT, and D-dimer) were abnormally increased or decreased in patients with pancreatic cancer, as well as Thromboelastography (TEG) parameters (such as R, K, α Angle, MA, and CI). Kaplan Meier survival analysis based on resectable PC patients showed that the overall survival (OS) of patients with elevated α angle, MA, CI, PT, D-dimer, or decreased PDW was markedly shorter than other patients; moreover, patients with lower CI or PT have longer disease-free survival. Further univariate and multivariate analysis revealed that PT, D-dimer, PDW, vascular invasion (VI), and tumor size (TS) were independent risk factors for poor prognosis of PC. According to the results of modeling group and validation group, the nomogram model based on independent risk factors could effectively predict the postoperative survival of PC patients. Conclusion Many abnormal CF parameters were remarkably correlated with PC prognosis, including α Angle, MA, CI, PT, D-dimer, and PDW. Furthermore, only PT, D-dimer, and PDW were independent prognostic indicators for poor prognosis of PC, and the prognosis prediction model based on these indicators was an effective tool to predict the postoperative survival of PC.

In clinical practice, it is not uncommon for a history of trans-urethral resection of the prostate (TURP) to complicate a future robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). This study aims to determine if prior TURP adversely affects outcomes in subsequent RARP, analyzing perioperative, functional, and oncological results between the procedures. Research published in English before September 2024 was systematically reviewed using Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and the EMBASE. Review Manager 5.4 was used to do the meta-analysis, included 15 studies, with 869 patients who underwent RARP following TURP and 5,879 patients who underwent RARP alone. Compared to standard RARP, RARP following TURP was associated with extended operative time (OT) (WMD: 26.63 min, 95% CI: 16.79–36.48, P < 0.00001), increased estimated blood loss (EBL) (WMD: 19.85 ml, 95% CI: 9.22–30.48, P = 0.0003), longer hospital stay(LOS) (WMD: 0.52 days, 95% CI: 0.28–0.77, P < 0.0001), and extended catheter removal duration (WMD: 0.18 days, 95% CI: 0.02–0.35, P = 0.03). The overall nerve-sparing success rate was lower (OR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.35–0.78, P = 0.001), with reduced bilateral nerve-sparing success rates (OR: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.39–0.84, P = 0.005). Patients in the TURP group had higher rates of bladder neck reconstruction (OR: 8.38, 95% CI: 5.80–12.10, P < 0.0001) and major complications (Clavien grade ≥ 3) (OR: 1.94, 95% CI: 1.10–3.41, P = 0.02). Furthermore, the positive surgical margin (PSM) rate was elevated in the prior-TURP group (OR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.02–1.53, P = 0.03). Quality-of-life outcomes indicated that patients undergoing RARP after TURP experienced lower urinary incontinence recovery rates at one year (OR: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.34–0.97, P = 0.04) and reduced continence recovery rates (OR: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.44–0.81, P = 0.007). Nevertheless, there were no notable differences between the two groups in terms of the rates of transfusions, unilateral nerve-sparing, lymphadenectomy, minor complications (Clavien grade < 3), or biochemical recurrence (BCR) after a year. Although RARP after TURP is achievable, it is notably more complex. Findings suggest that while the surgical difficulty is increased, oncological and functional outcomes for the prior-TURP group remain comparable to the non-TURP group. This research aims to provide clinicians with data to support informed decision-making when treating individuals who have experienced TURP in the past. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study conducted a content analysis to investigate the extent of museums' online communication by utilizing their communication tools, such as websites and social media platforms, to fulfill their various activities and purposes. This study first applied dialogic principles to Chinese museums and examined national first-grade museums' websites and social media platforms (e.g., Weibo and WeChat) to better understand online communication under China's circumstances. The results showed that most museums did well in terms of convenience and information usefulness, but the item related to interactions was not ideal. More than four out of five museums had social media accounts, indicating that museums had transferred online communication from websites to social media platforms. In addition, the museum type or the number of visitors did not influence the employment of dialogic communication in museums. In the future, both museums and the public should strengthen dialogic communication to build a better dialogic environment for museums' sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Objectives: Thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) is one of the salvage enzymes engaged in the synthesis of DNA. Although a pro‐carcinogenetic role of TK1 has been reported in various types of cancers, its role in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is still unknown. The study is aimed to elaborate the function of TK1 in PDAC and the potential mechanisms in the following study. Materials and methods: TK1 expression was analysed by immunohistochemistry, real‐time PCR and Western blot, and its relationship with clinicopathological characteristics of PDAC patients was further investigated. To verify the function of TK1 and potential mechanism, TK1 siRNA was used to transfect PDAC cells and performed a series of assays in cell and animal models. Results: The level of TK1 expression was higher in cancerous tissues compared with matched adjacent tissues. TK1 overexpression was associated with progression of PDAC and poor prognosis. Knockdown of TK1 could suppress cell proliferation via inducing S phase arrest mediated by upregulation of P21. Further mechanism investigation suggested that transcription factor E2F‐1 could directly regulate the TK1 and promote tumour proliferation. Conclusions: The results suggested that TK1 might be involved in the development and progression of PDAC by regulating cell proliferation and show that TK1 may work as a promising therapeutic target in patients with PDAC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paclitaxel (PTX) is a first-line chemotherapeutic drug for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) but it can induce indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) activation, which severely lowers down its immuno-chemotherapeutic effect. To address this issue, a smart peptide hydrogelator Nap-Phe-Phe-Phe-Lys-Ser-Thr-Gly-Gly-Lys-Ala-Pro-Arg-OH (Nap-T), which co-assembles with PTX and an IDO inhibitor GDC0919 to form a hydrogel GP@Gel Nap-T, is rationally designed. Upon specific phosphorylation by pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), an overexpressed biomarker of NSCLC, Nap-T is gradually converted to Nap-Phe-Phe-Phe-Lys-Ser-Thr(H 2 PO 3 )-Gly-Gly-Lys-Ala-Pro-Arg-OH (Nap-Tp), leading to dehydrogelation and sustained release of PTX and GDC0919 within NSCLC tissues. The released PTX exerts chemotherapy on NSCLC cells as well as immunogenic cell death induction, while GDC0919 promotes the immuno-chemotherapeutic effect of PTX through IDO inhibition. We find that GP@Gel Nap-T enhances the infiltration of tumor-infiltrating immune cells and reduces the number of immunosuppressive cells in either tumor tissues or tumor-draining lymph nodes, thus enhancing the immuno-chemotherapy of PTX toward NSCLC. With this PKM2-responsive drug release strategy, the smart peptide hydrogel platform might be applied for NSCLC treatment in clinic in near future., (© 2024 The Author(s). Advanced Science published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Issue Addressed: Effective interventions to reduce energy drink (ED) consumption are needed. This study explored the effect of warning labels on intentions to reduce ED consumption, perceived label effectiveness and protection motivation theory (PMT) constructs., Methods: Australian ED consumers aged 18 to 39 years (N = 343) participated in an experimental online survey, randomly assigned to view one of three ED warning label conditions (weight gain, cardiac effects, no label-control). Intentions to reduce ED consumption, perceived effectiveness of labels and selected PMT constructs were assessed., Results: Participants reported moderate-high awareness of the health effects of consumption (62.68%) and advisory statements on EDs (69.39%), including daily consumption limits (48.40%). EDs were consumed frequently, with 56.26% regular (at least weekly) consumers and most commonly for functional benefits (e.g., alertness). ED warning labels did not have a statistically significant effect on intentions to reduce consumption. The cardiac label performed better than the weight gain label in 'grabbed attention' (72.97% vs. 55.66%, p = 0.008), with non-significant trends (p > 0.05, absolute differences ≥ 10%) suggesting it was stronger on some other perceived effectiveness measures. Supplementary analyses indicated females in the cardiac condition reported greater intentions to reduce ED consumption than females in the control condition (p = 0.042)., Conclusions: Graphic warning labels and labels warning of cardiac effects are worthy of further exploration as a potential intervention to reduce ED consumption. SO WHAT?: Future research should explore the motivations underlying ED consumption and further explore messages that will resonate with consumers., (© 2025 The Author(s). Health Promotion Journal of Australia published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Australian Health Promotion Association.)

Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) perovskites promise next-generation gain media for laser devices. However, most RP perovskite lasers are still suffering from inferior performance characteristics, such as inadequate energy transfer, unstable emission, and short lifetime. To address the above problems, high crystalline quality, compact, and smooth PEA 2 FA 2 Pb 3 Br 10 films with uniform phase distribution were successfully prepared by ionic liquid (IL) methylammonium acetate (MAAc) in an air environment. Compared with the PEA 2 FA 2 Pb 3 Br 10 film prepared by the traditional solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), an enhanced amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) with a lower threshold of 58 µJ·cm -2 from the MAAc-treated film was obtained under nanosecond laser excitation. The transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy revealed that a uniform phase distribution and more efficient energy transfer processes were achieved in the PEA 2 FA 2 Pb 3 Br 10 -MAAc film, leading to an enhanced band-to-band spontaneous emission process. Furthermore, the films exhibited better stability, showing no signs of degradation under the 120 min pulsed laser pumping in air and stability of ASE spectra at even 95% humidity conditions. This study provides an important foundation for achieving high-performance optically pumped lasers based on the unique RP perovskites.