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The anti-tumor effects of two compounds purified from Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn. (S. mukorossi.) on breast cancer in vitro were observed. Their chemical structures were identified as sesquiterpene glycosides, namely, Mukurozioside IIa and Mukurozioside IIb. The results of XTT assay indicated that their inhibition rates against three cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-435s) reached approximately 80% at a concentration of 200 μg/mL, which were higher than that of cyclophosphamide (below 40% at 200 μg/mL), and their 50% inhibiting concentrations were ranged from 120.73 to 154.01 μg/mL, indicating their inhibition were weaker than their parent fraction. Furthermore, the mechanism on breast cancer was predicted, and 22 targets including PTPN1, IL2 and VEGFA were relatively important. These results illustrated the anti-breast cancer activity of S. mukorossi was related to the two compounds with the structure of sesquiterpene glycosides, but they did not represent the full activity of their parent fraction.

Coenzyme F 420 is one kind of special flavin cofactors which exist in some Archaea and bacteria, it is a low potential electron transfer carrier in methanogens. In this study, we designed three specific primers of F 420 -dependent glucose-6-phos-phate dehydrogenase gene to determine which environment contains the more abundant coenzyme F 420 , and methods for separating, extracting and purifying the coenzyme F 420 from this environmental samples were carried out, the pure coenzyme F 420 was obtained by some optimizing methods from the natural sludge , and the purity and concentration of coenzyme F 420 we got is just as good as the FMN standard sample which confirmed by their fluorescence emission spectrum. These optimizing methods would save more energy and time to get the good quality coenzyme F 420 .

The paper does study on event extraction from news on the internet by the method of semantic role analysis. We annotate the sentence in the news from argument annotator, extract the argument structure of the head verb, convert the arguments to specific semantic roles of the verb, and then match the semantic roles to the event elements. This paper puts forward and studies on how to use VerbNet and SemLink resources to match the verb's arguments and event elements. The experiment was carried out on the 1000 news corpus crawled from the web, and the result shows that the F value is up to 70.6% and has certain application value.

Background: Aberrant expression of miR-378 has been observed in various malignancies including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the mechanism regulating of miR-378 expression remains unknown. This study was aimed to investigate miR-378 methylation and to explore its clinical significance in AML. Methods: Methylation status of miR-378 5’-flanking region was investigated by real-time quantitative methylation-specific PCR (RQ-MSP) and bisulfite-sequencing PCR (BSP). The expression of miR-378 was evaluated by real-time quantitative PCR (RQ-PCR). The correlation between expression of miR-378 and 5’-flanking region methylation was analyzed using 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine (5-aza-dC) treatment. Results: miR-378 5’-flanking region was significantly hypomethylated in AML patients compared to controls (median 0.109 vs. 0.058) (P=0.048). miR-378 expression was correlated with miR-378 5’-flanking region in leukemic cell line treated with 5-aza-dC, but not in AML patients. The level of miR-378 hypomethylation significantly increased in M2 subtype compared to other subtypes. Moreover, patients with t(8;21) harbored the highest level of miR-378 hypomethylation. However, there was no significant difference in overall survival between patients with high and low miR-378 hypomethylation. The association of miR-378 expression with methylation was not observed in AML patients, but miR-378 expression in THP-1 line was increased while methylation status of miR-378 5-flanking region was decreased after 5-aza-dC treatment. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that miR-378 is reactivated by demethylation after 5-aza-dC treatment. 5’-flanking region of miR-378 is hypomethylated in AML especially in those with t(8;21).

To investigate the clinical significance of ID1 expression in Chinese de novo AML patients. Real-time quantitative PCR was carried out to detect the status of ID1 expression in 102 de novo AML patients and 28 controls. ID1 transcript level was significantly increased in AML compared to normal controls (p=0.029). The age in the patients with high ID1 expression is significantly older than in those with low ID1 expression (p=0.044). ID1 overexpression occurred with the highest frequency in the patients with poor karyotype (7/7, 100%), lower frequency in the patients with intermediate karyotype (28/60, 47%), and the lowest frequency in the patients with favorable karyotype (12/31, 39%). Both whole AML and non-M3 patients with high ID1 expression had significantly lower rate of complete remission than those with low ID1 expression (p=0.007 and 0.038). ID1 high-expressed patients showed significantly shorter overall survival (OS) than ID1 low-expressed patients in both whole AML and non-M3 according to Kaplan-Meier analysis (p=0.007 and 0.040). However, multivariate analysis indicated that ID1 overexpression was not an independent risk factor in both whole AML and non-M3 patients. However, the adverse impact of ID1 overexpression on outcome was revealed by both Kaplan-Meier analysis and multivariate analysis in the non-M3 patients less than 60 years old. Our study reveals that ID1 overexpression may be associated with higher risk karyotype classification and act as an independent risk factor in young non-M3 patients.

This study was designed to learn the expression status of miR-24 and its clinical relevance in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We detected the miR-24 expression levels using real-time quantitative PCR in 84 AML patients and investigated the clinical significance of miR-24 expression in AML. There was no difference in clinical parameters between cases with miR-24 high expression and with miR-24 low expression. The frequency of miR-24 high expression was higher in patients with t(8;21) than in others (82% (9/11) versus 44% (32/72), P=0.026). The levels of miR-24 expression had no correlation with the mutations of nine genes (FLT3-ITD, NPM1, C-KIT, IDH1/IDH2, DNMT3A, N/K-RAS and C/EBPA). Meanwhile, among the group who obtained CR, the cases with miR-24 high expression had no difference in overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) than those with miR-24 low expression (P=0.612 and 0.665, respectively). These findings implicated that miR-24 high regulation is a common event in AML with t(8;21), and it might serve as a novel and selective therapeutic target for the treatment of AML with t(8;21).