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[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.xhgg.2022.100099.].

Hispanic/Latinos have been underrepresented in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for anthropometric traits despite their notable anthropometric variability, ancestry proportions, and high burden of growth stunting and overweight/obesity. To address this knowledge gap, we analyzed densely imputed genetic data in a sample of Hispanic/Latino adults to identify and fine-map genetic variants associated with body mass index (BMI), height, and BMI-adjusted waist-to-hip ratio (WHRadjBMI). We conducted a GWAS of 18 studies/consortia as part of the Hispanic/Latino Anthropometry (HISLA) Consortium (stage 1, n = 59,771) and generalized our findings in 9 additional studies (stage 2, n = 10,538). We conducted a trans-ancestral GWAS with summary statistics from HISLA stage 1 and existing consortia of European and African ancestries. In our HISLA stage 1 + 2 analyses, we discovered one BMI locus, as well as two BMI signals and another height signal each within established anthropometric loci. In our trans-ancestral meta-analysis, we discovered three BMI loci, one height locus, and one WHRadjBMI locus. We also identified 3 secondary signals for BMI, 28 for height, and 2 for WHRadjBMI in established loci. We show that 336 known BMI, 1,177 known height, and 143 known WHRadjBMI (combined) SNPs demonstrated suggestive transferability (nominal significance and effect estimate directional consistency) in Hispanic/Latino adults. Of these, 36 BMI, 124 height, and 11 WHRadjBMI SNPs were significant after trait-specific Bonferroni correction. Trans-ancestral meta-analysis of the three ancestries showed a small-to-moderate impact of uncorrected population stratification on the resulting effect size estimates. Our findings demonstrate that future studies may also benefit from leveraging diverse ancestries and differences in linkage disequilibrium patterns to discover novel loci and additional signals with less residual population stratification.

BackgroundConcurrent variation in adiposity and inflammation suggests potential shared functional pathways and pleiotropic disease underpinning. Yet, exploration of pleiotropy in the context of adiposity-inflammation has been scarce, and none has included self-identified Hispanic/Latino populations. Given the high level of ancestral diversity in Hispanic American population, genetic studies may reveal variants that are infrequent/monomorphic in more homogeneous populations.MethodsUsing multi-trait Adaptive Sum of Powered Score (aSPU) method, we examined individual and shared genetic effects underlying inflammatory (CRP) and adiposity-related traits (Body Mass Index [BMI]), and central adiposity (Waist to Hip Ratio [WHR]) in HLA participating in the Population Architecture Using Genomics and Epidemiology (PAGE) cohort (N = 35,871) with replication of effects in the Cameron County Hispanic Cohort (CCHC) which consists of Mexican American individuals.ResultsOf the > 16 million SNPs tested, variants representing 7 independent loci were found to illustrate significant association with multiple traits. Two out of 7 variants were replicated at statistically significant level in multi-trait analyses in CCHC. The lead variant on APOE (rs439401) and rs11208712 were found to harbor multi-trait associations with adiposity and inflammation.ConclusionsResults from this study demonstrate the importance of considering pleiotropy for improving our understanding of the etiology of the various metabolic pathways that regulate cardiovascular disease development.

Inputs of nitrogen into terrestrial ecosystems, mainly via the use of ammonium-based fertilizers in agroecosystems, are enormous, but the fate of this nitrogen under elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) is not well understood. We have taken advantage of a 15-year free-air CO2 enrichment study to investigate the influence of elevated CO2 on the transformation of ammonium-nitrogen in a rice ecosystem in which ammonium is usually assumed to be stable under anaerobic conditions. We demonstrate that elevated CO2 causes substantial losses of ammonium-nitrogen that result from anaerobic oxidation of ammonium coupled to reduction of iron. We identify a new autotrophic member of the bacterial order Burkholderiales that may use soil CO2 as a carbon source to couple anaerobic ammonium oxidation and iron reduction. These findings offer insight into the coupled cycles of nitrogen and iron in terrestrial ecosystems and raise questions about the loss of ammonium-nitrogen from arable soils under future climate-change scenarios.

Nowdays, the Walt Disney Company is one of the most influential entertainment companies in the world, which is famous for its creativity and unique marketing strategy.Disney used to be just a small animation studio but now it has influence all over the world. To investigate the key factors which made Disney’s successful global expansion and development,this paper did this following reserach. This research is mainly about Disney’s core business and the marketing strategy used by Disney. The study was conducted through a meticulous analysis of Disney’s primary business segments, its overarching business strategies, and its management practices. Furthermore, it examines Disney’s brand positioning, market penetration tactics, and customer engagement techniques that collectively forge its competitive advantage. By dissecting the synergy between Disney’s content creation and its promotional tactics, this research aims to unravel the intricacies of Disney’s approach in nurturing a loyal consumer base and securing its status as an indomitable force in the entertainment industry.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease caused by a complex interaction of genetic and environmental factors and is characterized by persistent hyperglycemia. Long-term hyperglycemia can cause macrovascular and microvascular damage, and compromise the heart, brain, kidney, peripheral nerves, eyes and other organs, leading to serious complications. Genistein, a phytoestrogen derived from soybean, is known for its various biological activities and therapeutic properties. Recent studies found that genistein not only has hypoglycemic activity but can also decrease insulin resistance. In addition, genistein has particular activity in the prevention and treatment of diabetic complications, such as nephropathy, cardiovascular disease, osteoarthrosis, encephalopathy and retinopathy. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to summarize the latest medical research and progress of genistein in DM and related complications and highlights its potential molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets. Meanwhile, evidence is provided for the development and application of genistein as a potential drug or functional food in the prevention and treatment of diabetes and its related complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a compelling study, Hicks Pries et al (Reports, 31 March 2017, p. 1420) showed that 4°C warming enhanced soil CO2 production in the 1-meter soil profile, with all soil depths displaying similar temperature sensitivity (Q10). We argue that some caveats can be identified in their experimental approach and analysis, and that these critically undermine their conclusions and hence their claim that the strength of feedback between the whole-soil carbon and climate has been underestimated in terrestrial models.

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and glutathione (GSH) have been reported to be associated with a variety of diseases. Therefore, the accurate and rapid determination of H2O2 and GSH was very important. The traditional assay was the colorimetric method, which suffered from the bottleneck of single-mode analysis. In this work, we designed a dual-mode fluorescence and colorimetric sensor for detecting H2O2 and GSH based on bifunctional Fe, Co-CDs, which possessed peroxidase (POD)-mimetic activity and fluorescence property. Concretely, the Fe, Co-CDs catalyzed oxidation of 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to a blue product (oxTMB) with the help of H2O2, which could be inhibited by GSH. Meanwhile, the fluorescence of Fe, Co-CDs weakened with increasing oxTMB, realizing the fluorescence analysis of H2O2 and GSH. In fluorescence and colorimetric sensors, the detection limit (LOD) of H2O2 could reach as low as 0.54 μM and 0.81 μM, as well as the LOD of GSH was 0.39 and 0.61 μM, respectively. Besides, the smartphone-assisted hydrogel sensor was developed for on-site detection of GSH via color change. This study not only designed a dual-mode sensor for dual-target detection but also provided insights for further exploration of multifunctional nanozymes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Little Fires Everywhere is a novel written by contemporary writer Celeste Ng in 2017. The novel portrays a stubborn and sensitive, brave and bold little girl--Izzy. She has been living in a repressed physical space for a long time, suffering from the control and contempt of family members as well as the isolation and ostracism of teachers and classmates in the social space, which eventually led to the alienation of her psychological space. Later, in the process of communicating with her tenant, Izzy's shriveled heart is ignited. She sees different lifestyles, captures the meaning of life, and begins to defend freedom and seek her true self in an extremely rebellious way. Finally, she achieves transformation and growth in psychological space and achieves self-redemption in a rigid world. This paper employs spatial criticism theory to analyze the existential predicament Izzy confronts in various spaces and her resistance from three dimensions: the mundane physical space, the oppressive social space, and the estranged psychological space. The aim is to illuminate to readers that only through persistent rebellion can individuals shatter the constraints of space and attain true freedom in the face of repression and injustice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper compares and analyzes the present situation and the key technology of the research on the impact loading of the automobile seat at home and abroad, and analyzes the concrete problems existing in the research of the automobile seat in our country at present, this paper puts forward the new principle of impact loading of automobile seat, explains the loading process of impact loading principle in detail, constructs the mathematical model of loading principle and simulates and analyzes the loadability, the hydraulic system of the impact loading system of the automobile seat is designed in detail, and the hydraulic loading process of the automobile seat is refined, the simulation and test of the integrated performance of the vehicle seat impact loading system are carried out, which validates the feasibility of the design and lays a solid foundation for the next development of the entity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ratiometric fluorescence sensors with quantum dots (QDs) as signal reporters have been widely used in biomarkers testing. However, there are few reports on the construction of a ratio fluorescence sensor based on the dual action of enzyme reaction and QDs. In this study, a "two-in-one" multifunctional catalytic QDs (BSA-MnO2 QDs) developed by hydrothermal method displayed excellent fluorescent properties and high oxidase-like activity. Its optimal quantum yield and Michaelis–Menten kinetics constants Km were 10.7% and 0.072 mM, respectively. In the presence of an enzyme substrate, the ratiometric signal can be generated indirectly by BSA-MnO2 QDs catalyzing, which was more conducive to the construction of a ratio fluorescence biosensor and made the experiment result more accurate. Based on these advantages, an acid phosphatase (ACP) ratiometric fluorescence biosensor was designed. In the absence of ACP, o-phenylenediamine (OPD) was catalyzed to produce 2,3-diaminophenothiazine (DAP) (the oxidized fluorescent product of OPD) that has an inner-filter effect with BSA-MnO2 QDs. Conversely, in the presence of ACP, l-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate was dephosphorylated to produce ascorbic acid, which inhibited the oxidase-like activity of BSA-MnO2 QDs and prevented the catalytic oxidation of OPD to DAP. The method can achieve the assay of ACP with a detection limit of 0.038 mU/mL. In addition, this effect can be achieved when other natural enzymes catalyze substrates to produce reducing substances. In this study, a universal ratio fluorescence probe (BSA-MnO2 QDs) was discovered and prepared for the first time, which has wide application prospects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main goal of this study was to investigate the effect of heat treatment on the microstructural and interlayer mechanical properties of 3D printed continuous carbon fiber‐reinforced composites (CCFRCs). The influence of raster orientations on the interlayer properties of composites was systematically studied by the floating roller peel test. The multiscale morphological investigation was applied to analyze the influence of heat treatment on the interlayer mechanical properties and change of pores microstructure for composites. The results showed that heat treatment improved the interlayer mechanical properties of CCFRCs. During heat treatment, the pores merged, migrated, and deformed as the softening and collapse of the matrix. The average peeling strength after heat treatment for specimens increased by 10.17%–51.30%. Besides, the increase in matrix fluidity and the change of pore shape in CCFRCs were more significant than that of matrix specimens after heat treatment, since more thermal channels in CCFRCs. Highlights: The interlayer mechanical properties of 3D printed continuous carbon fiber‐reinforced composites (CCFRCs) were improved by heat treatment.The pores of composites merged, migrated, and deformed as the softening and collapse of the matrix.The addition of continuous carbon fiber (CCF) made the composites have more thermal channels than those with matrix specimens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A dual-mode sensor was developed for detecting acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) via bifunctional BSA-CeO2 nanoclusters (NCs) with oxidase-mimetic activity and fluorescence property. The dual-mode sensor has the characteristics of self-calibration and self-verification, meeting the needs of different detection conditions and provide more accurate results. The colorimetric sensor and fluorescence sensor have been successfully used for detecting AChE with limit of detection (LOD) of 0.081 mU/mL and 0.056 mU/mL, respectively, while the LOD for OPs were 0.9 ng/mL and 0.78 ng/mL, respectively. The recovery of AChE was 93.9–107.2% and of OPs was 95.8–105.0% in actual samples. A novel strategy was developed to monitor pesticide residues and detect AChE level, which will motivate future work to explore the potential applications of multifunctional nanozymes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]