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Hexafluoropropylene oxide (GenX) is a kind of substitute to PFOA, which has been listed in the Stockholm Convention. In this study, GenX was attempted to be degraded using a boron-doped diamond anode in the electrochemical oxidation system. The effects of operating parameters, including current density (0.5-10 mA/cm 2 ), initial pH (3.0-11.49), initial concentration of GenX (20-150 mg/L), electrode distances (0.5-2 cm), electrolyte types (Na 2 SO 4 , NaCl, NaNO 3 and NaHCO 3 ) and Na 2 SO 4 electrolyte concentration (40-80 mm), on GenX were studied. GenX can almost completely be degraded under the optimal operating parameters after 180 min of electrolysis. Free radical quenching experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of hydroxyl radicals and sulphate radicals on the degradation of GenX. The degradation intermediates were identified based on the ultra-high performance liquid chromatography equipped with a tandem mass spectrometer, and the degradation mechanisms were also proposed. Finally, the toxicities of GenX and its degradation products were evaluated using the QSAR models. The novelty is that the degradation mechanisms of the high concentration GenX (100 mg/L) were elucidated based on the free radical quenching experiments and the intermediates detected, when the degradation ratio reached 100%.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of infusion of gemcitabine (GEM) and fluorouracil (5-FU)through the celiac artery and superior mesenteric artery in the treatment of pancreatic carcinoma (PC)., Methods: We analyzed 20 patients diagnosed clinically or pathologically with PC, without metastases, who had an estimated survival duration of >3 months in our department from May 2009 to December 2014. Nine patients were treated directly without surgical resection of the tumor, while the other 11 patients were treated after surgery. In all patients, the femoral artery was punctured using the Seldinger technique, and a catheter was placed in the opening of the celiac artery or the superior mesenteric artery. We administered 500 ​mg/m 2 GEM and 500 ​mg/m 2 5-FU. Observational data included data on clinical efficacy and survival rates during the follow-up period of 3-72 months., Results: Twenty patients were treated 85 times with transcatheter arterial infusion chemotherapy (TAI). The survival rates were 80%, 40%, 35%, 20%, 10%, and 5% at 3, 6, 12, 24, and 72 months, respectively., Conclusion: TAI chemotherapy with GEM and 5-FU may be a therapeutic option for the treatment of PC., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interests to this work. We declare that we do not have any commercial or associative interest that represents a conflict of interest in connection with the work submitted., (© 2020 Shanghai Journal of Interventional Radiology Press. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co. Ltd.)

Objective: To evaluate the clinical diagnosis and treatment of hemorrhage after pancreatoduodenectomy via digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE)., Methods: The clinical and imaging data of 23 patients receiving DSA examination and TAE treatment due to hemorrhage after pancreatoduodenectomy at our interventional center from October 2012 to October 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. And the manifestations of DSA and therapeutic efficacies of TAE were summarized and analyzed., Results: Among them, 16 patients showed positive signs of extravasation of contrast medium (n = 8), pseudoaneurysm formation (n = 3), ruptured pseudoaneurysm plus extravasation of contrast medium (n = 2) and local vascular spasm and non-smooth arterial intima (n = 3). And the remainder with negative signs (n = 7) underwent surgery. The 16 patients with positive signs underwent TAE with a technical success rate of 16/16. And clinical success was achieved in 12/16 patients. Among 4 rebleeders, two were successfully managed by surgery. And bleeding was caused by stress ulcer in gastrojejunal anastomosis (n = 1) and necrosis of pancreatic stump (n = 1). Another two on conservative treatment died from multiple organ failure., Conclusion: As first-line options, DSA and TAE are miniinvasive and accurate in the diagnosis and treatment of hemorrhage after pancreatoduodenectomy.