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Background - The special geographical position of Yunnan Province as the key area and frontline of "external prevention and importation", the difficulty and pressure of prevention and control in border areas is high, the prevention and control of the epidemic in Yunnan Province is crucial to the overall situation of the province and even the whole country. Covid-19 exposes alarming gaps in Infectious Disease Surverillance in Border Areas. Objectives - Infectious disease surveillance is an important tool for early identification and prevention and control of infectious diseases. Regular disease surveillance of emerging infectious diseases is essential to be able to respond to pandemics and control them early through the construction of infectious disease surveillance systems to build stronger and better health systems. Method - Summarize and sort out the existing monitoring system and problems using a combination of qualitative research methods such as literature methods, group interviews, and expert consultation. Using a combination of typical and stratified sampling methods, a questionnaire was used to analyze the current status of monitoring and management in border counties in Yunnan Province. Results - There is no statistical difference in surveillance and prevention between the state and county levels in response to major public health emergencies, and the current surveillance system is difficult for epidemic dissemination, prediction and timely and effective follow-up. Conclusion - The border areas of Yunnan Province have not established an effective epidemic surveillance system, lack of diversified channels and ways to disseminate epidemic information, difficulty in accurately grasping the progress and changing trends of the epidemic, and risk awareness has not been strengthened and transformed to the detriment of active prevention, control and management of infectious diseases.