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BackgroundDiabetes poses heavy economic and social burdens worldwide. Mobile apps show great potential for diabetes self-management education. However, there is limited evidence for the effectiveness of providing general diabetes education through mobile apps. ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to clarify the effectiveness of Lilly Connected Care Program (LCCP) app-based diabetes education for glycemic control. MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included patients with diabetes recruited to the LCCP platform from September 1, 2018, to May 31, 2019. Each patient was followed for 12 weeks. According to the number of diabetes education courses they had completed, the patients were divided into the following three groups: group A (0-4 courses), group B (5-29 courses), and group C (≥30 courses). The main outcomes were the change in blood glucose at the 12th week compared with baseline and the differences in blood glucose at the 12th week among the three groups. The associations of the number of diabetes education courses completed with the average blood glucose and frequency of self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) at the 12th week were assessed by multivariate linear regression analyses controlling for other confounding covariates. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were used to assess factors influencing patients’ engagement in the diabetes education courses. ResultsA total of 5011 participants were enrolled. Their mean fasting blood glucose (FBG) and postprandial blood glucose (PBG) were significantly lower at the 12th week than at baseline (FBG, 7.46 [standard deviation (SD) 1.95] vs 7.79 [SD 2.18] mmol/L, P

BackgroundDiabetes poses heavy social and economic burdens worldwide. Diabetes management apps show great potential for diabetes self-management. However, the adoption of diabetes management apps by diabetes patients is poor. The factors influencing patients’ intention to use these apps are unclear. Understanding the patients’ behavioral intention is necessary to support the development and promotion of diabetes app use. ObjectiveThis study aimed to identify the determinants of patients’ intention to use diabetes management apps based on an integrated theoretical model. MethodsThe hypotheses of our research model were developed based on an extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). From April 20 to May 20, 2019, adult patients with diabetes across China, who were familiar with diabetes management apps, were surveyed using the Web-based survey tool Sojump. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data. ResultsA total of 746 participants who met the inclusion criteria completed the survey. The fitness indices suggested that the collected data fit well with the research model. The model explained 62.6% of the variance in performance expectancy and 57.1% of the variance in behavioral intention. Performance expectancy and social influence had the strongest total effects on behavioral intention (β=0.482; P=.001). Performance expectancy (β=0.482; P=.001), social influence (β=0.223; P=.003), facilitating conditions (β=0.17; P=.006), perceived disease threat (β=0.073; P=.005), and perceived privacy risk (β=–0.073; P=.012) had direct effects on behavioral intention. Additionally, social influence, effort expectancy, and facilitating conditions had indirect effects on behavioral intention that were mediated by performance expectancy. Social influence had the highest indirect effects among the three constructs (β=0.259; P=.001). ConclusionsPerformance expectancy and social influence are the most important determinants of the intention to use diabetes management apps. Health care technology companies should improve the usefulness of apps and carry out research to provide clinical evidence for the apps’ effectiveness, which will benefit the promotion of these apps. Facilitating conditions and perceived privacy risk also have an impact on behavioral intention. Therefore, it is necessary to improve facilitating conditions and provide solid privacy protection. Our study supports the use of UTAUT in explaining patients’ intention to use diabetes management apps. Context-related determinants should also be taken into consideration.

BackgroundThe diabetes disease burden in China is heavy, and mobile apps have a great potential for diabetes management. However, there is a lack of investigation of diabetes app use among Chinese diabetes patients and diabetologists. The perspectives and attitudes of diabetes patients and diabetologists regarding diabetes apps are also unclear. ObjectiveOur objectives were to investigate diabetes patients’ and diabetologists’ use, attitudes, and perspectives, as well as patients’ needs, with respect to diabetes apps to provide information regarding the optimal design of diabetes apps and the best strategies to promote their use. MethodsDiabetes patients and diabetologists across China were surveyed on the WeChat (Tencent Corp) network using Sojump (Changsha ran Xing InfoTech Ltd) from January 23, 2018, to July 30, 2018. In total, 2 survey links were initially sent to doctors from 46 Latent Autoimmune Diabetes of Adults Study collaborative hospitals in China in 25 major cities and were spread on their WeChat contacts network. We also published the patient survey link on 3 WeChat public accounts and requested diabetes patients to fill out questionnaires. A multivariate regression analysis was used to identify associations of demographic and basic disease information with app usage among adult patients. ResultsOverall, 1276 individuals from 30 provincial regions responded to the patient survey; among them, the overall app awareness rate was 29.94% (382/1276) and usage was 15.44% (197/1276). The usage was higher among patients with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) than among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM; 108/473, 22.8% vs 79/733, 10.8%; P

BackgroundWith the popularity of mobile phones, mobile apps have great potential for the management of diabetes, but the effectiveness of current diabetes apps for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is poor. No study has explored the reasons for this deficiency from the users’ perspective. ObjectiveThe aims of this study were to explore the perspectives and needs of T1DM patients and diabetes experts concerning a diabetes app and to design a new T1DM management mobile app. MethodsA mixed-methods design combining quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews was used to explore users’ needs and perspectives. Experts were surveyed at 2 diabetes conferences using paper questionnaires. T1DM patients were surveyed using Sojump (Changsha ran Xing InfoTech Ltd) on a network. We conducted semistructured, in-depth interviews with adult T1DM patients or parents of child patients who had ever used diabetes apps. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and coded for theme identification. ResultsThe expert response rate was 63.5% (127/200). The respondents thought that the reasons for app invalidity were that patients did not continue using the app (76.4%, 97/127), little guidance was received from health care professionals (HCPs; 73.2%, 93/127), diabetes education knowledge was unsystematic (52.8%, 67/127), and the app functions were incomplete (44.1%, 56/127). A total of 245 T1DM patient questionnaires were collected, of which 21.2% (52/245) of the respondents had used diabetes apps. The reasons for their reluctance to use an app were limited time (39%, 20/52), complicated operations (25%, 13/52), uselessness (25%, 13/52), and cost (25%, 13/52). Both the experts and patients thought that the most important functions of the app were patient-doctor communication and the availability of a diabetes diary. Two themes that were useful for app design were identified from the interviews: (1) problems with patients’ diabetes self-management and (2) problems with current apps. In addition, needs and suggestions for a diabetes app were obtained. Patient-doctor communication, diabetes diary, diabetes education, and peer support were all considered important by the patients, which informed the development of a prototype multifunctional app. ConclusionsPatient-doctor communication is the most important function of a diabetes app. Apps should be integrated with HCPs rather than stand-alone. We advocate that doctors follow up with their patients using a diabetes app. Our user-centered method explored comprehensively and deeply why the effectiveness of current diabetes apps for T1DM was poor and what T1DM patients needed for a diabetes app and provided meaningful guidance for app design.

As a quantitative manifestation of the development of the marine economy, the monitoring and statistical analysis of marine economic indicators is of great significance to the construction of a strong marine country. However, traditional systems for monitoring and statistical analysis of the marine economy are not perfect, and it is difficult to meet the coordinated land and maritime development and reflect the needs of decision-making. In this paper, we take Zhejiang province as a case study, where the strategic requirements of a strong marine country are integrated into the statistical monitoring and early warning analysis of the marine economy, innovatively improved the statistical classification system of the marine economy. "Nine core industries of the marine economy" classifications were setup, giving full play to the advantages of the marine industry. Based on this, a comprehensive early warning index for the core industries of the marine economy is designed in this paper and an early warning signal light is constructed to carry out early warning analysis on the core industries of the marine economy to meet the diverse needs of the strategic development of a strong marine province at multiple levels and with multiple objectives. The analysis based on marine economic statistical data, relevant policy recommendations are proposed, which can effectively implement the mission of building a strong marine province and providing decision-making support for relevant departments.(海洋经济统计监测作为海洋经济发展情况的量化体现，对于海洋强国建设具有重要意义。传统的海洋经济统计监测体系不尽完善，难以满足陆海统筹发展和决策需求。以浙江省为例，将海洋强国战略要求纳入海洋经济统计监测预警分析，结合浙江省海洋强省建设要求，提出了九大海洋经济核心产业，改进了海洋经济统计分类体系，充分发挥了浙江省海洋产业优势。在此基础上，设计了海洋经济核心产业综合预警指数，并构建了预警信号灯，可满足多层次、多目标和多样化发展需求。基于浙江省海洋经济统计结果，提出了相关政策建议，为有效落实海洋强省建设任务提供决策支持。)

The high-performance CPU is taken as processors and Vxworks is taken as the design kernels for most flight control systems, which has the problems of high cost, large size and non-disclosure of kernel source code. A low-cost and reliable flight control system for a small UAV is designed. A flight control hardware system consisting of micro-controller, various sensors and actuators is developed based on STM32F4 to realize the control of attitude and rudder position. FreeRTOS embedded real-time operating system with open source code is introduced as software platform to develop flight control software, so as to realize the functions of flight control, autonomous navigation and flight management. The flight control system is validated by flight test of fixed-wing aviation model. The results show that the designed system has high stability, high control accuracy and fast response.