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1. High proton conductivity through angstrom-porous titania

Author

Ji, Y., Hao, G. -P., Tan, Y. -T., Xiong, W. Q., Liu, Y., Zhou, W. Z., Tang, D. -M., Ma, R. Z., Yuan, S. J., Sasaki, T., Lozada-Hidalgo, M., Geim, A. K., and Sun, Pengzhan

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter
Abstract

Two dimensional (2D) crystals have attracted strong interest as a new class of proton conducting materials that can block atoms, molecules and ions while allowing proton transport through the atomically thin basal planes. Although 2D materials exhibit this perfect selectivity, the reported proton conductivities have been relatively low. Here we show that vacancy-rich titania monolayers are highly permeable to protons while remaining impermeable to helium with proton conductivity exceeding 100 S cm-2 at 200 C and surpassing targets set by industry roadmaps. The fast and selective proton transport is attributed to an extremely high density of titanium-atom vacancies (one per square nm), which effectively turns titania monolayers into angstrom-scale sieves. Our findings highlight the potential of 2D oxides as membrane materials for hydrogen-based technologies.

Published
2024

2. Spin states of X-complex asteroids in the inner main belt -- I. Investigating the Athor and Zita collisional families

Author

Athanasopoulos, D., Hanuš, J., Avdellidou, C., van Belle, G., Ferrero, A., Bonamico, R., Gazeas, K., Delbo, M., Rivet, J. P., Apostolovska, G., Todorović, N., Novakovic, B., Bebekovska, E. V., Romanyuk, Y., Bolin, B. T., Zhou, W., and Agrusa, H.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

The aim of our study is to characterise the spin states of the members of the Athor and Zita collisional families and test whether these members have a spin distribution consistent with a common origin from the break up of their respective family parent asteroids. Our method is based on the asteroid family evolution, which indicates that there should be a statistical predominance of retrograde-rotating asteroids on the inward side of family's V-shape, and prograde-rotating asteroids on the outward side. We used photometric data from our campaign and the literature in order to reveal the spin states of the asteroids belonging to these families. We combined dense and sparse photometric data in order to construct lightcurves; we performed the lightcurve inversion method to estimate the sidereal period, spin axis and convex shape of several family members. We obtained 34 new asteroid models for Athor family members and 17 for Zita family members. Along with the literature and revised models, the Athor family contains 60% of retrograde asteroids on the inward side and, 76% of prograde asteroids on the outward side. We also found that the Zita family exhibits 80% of retrograde asteroids on the inward side and an equal amount of prograde and retrograde rotators on the outward side. However, when we applied Kernel density estimation, we also found a clear peak for prograde asteroids on the outward side, as expected from the theory. The spin states of these asteroids validate the existence of both families, with the Athor family exhibiting a stronger signature for the presence of retrograde-rotating and prograde-rotating asteroids on the inner and outer side of the family, respectively. Our work provides an independent confirmation and characterisation of these very old families, whose presence and characteristics offer constraints for theories and models of the Solar System's evolution.

Published
2024
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6. Multiple superconducting phases driven by pressure in the topological insulator GeSb4Te7

Author

Zhou, W., Li, B., Shen, Y., Feng, J. J., Xu, C. Q., Guo, H. T., He, Z., Qian, B., Zhu, Ziming, and Xu, Xiaofeng

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity
Abstract

Tuning superconductivity in topological materials by means of chemical substitution, electrostatic gating, or pressure is thought to be an effective route towards realizing topological superconductivity with their inherent Majorana fermions, the manipulation of which may form the basis for future topological quantum computing. It has recently been established that the pseudo-binary chalcogenides (ACh)m(Pn2Ch3)n (A = Ge, Mn, Pb, etc.; Pn = Sb or Bi; Ch = Te, Se) may host novel topological quantum states such as the quantum anomalous Hall effect and topological axion states. Here we map out the phase diagram of one member in this series, the topological insulator candidate GeSb4Te7 up to pressures of ~35 GPa, through a combination of electrical resistance measurements, Raman spectroscopy, as well as first-principles calculations. Three distinct superconducting phases emerge under the pressure above ~11, ~17, and ~31 GPa, which are accompanied by concomitant structural transitions, evidenced from the changes in the Raman modes. The first-principles calculations validate the existence of a topological insulating state at ambient pressure and predict two possible structural transitions at 10 and 17 GPa, in agreement with the experimental observations. Overall, our results establish the GeSb4Te7 family of materials as a fertile arena for further exploring various topological phenomena, including topological phase transitions and putative topological superconductivity.

Published
2023
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7. Effect of General Anesthesia vs Regional Anesthesia on Sleep Disturbance in Elderly Patients After Discharge from the Hospital for 3 Months

Author

Cheng H, Zhou W, Nasuhi VN, Zhu X, Yu C, Zhang H, and Wang H

Subjects
sleep disturbance, regional anesthesia, general anesthesia, elderly patient, Psychiatry, RC435-571, Neurophysiology and neuropsychology, QP351-495
Abstract

Haihong Cheng,1 Wei Zhou,1,* Valeria Nahadi Nasuhi,2,* Xiaoqiang Zhu,1 Chenyuan Yu,1 Hang Zhang,1 Hongwei Wang1 1Department of Anesthesiology, Tongde Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 2The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Hongwei Wang, Department of Anesthesiology, Tongde Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310012, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13857169356, Email wanghw1022@163.comPurpose: This study aims to investigate the impact of anesthetic methods on the occurrence of postoperative sleep disorders in elderly patients following their discharge from the hospital for 3 months.Patients and Methods: This retrospective observational cohort study included elderly patients aged > 60 years who had undergone general and regional anesthesia from 1 June 2023 to 31 December 2023. These patients were then assessed for sleep by telephone callback using the Athens Insomnia Scale after discharge from the hospital three months later. The duration of pain and sleep disturbance experienced by patients following discharge was also recorded.Results: Following propensity score matching, 308 individuals were included in the study (154 in the GA group and 154 in the RA group). Compared with general anesthesia (11.7%), regional anesthesia (5.2%) reduced the prevalence of sleep disorders in elderly patients after discharge from the hospital. However, the duration of sleep disturbance and pain exhibited no statistically significant difference between the two groups (p=0.818; p=0.211).Conclusion: Regional anesthesia was associated with a reduction in the incidence of sleep disorders in elderly patients after discharge from the hospital for 3 months.Keywords: sleep disturbance, regional anesthesia, general anesthesia, elderly patient

Published
2024

8. Interpretable Machine Learning Model Based on Superb Microvascular Imaging for Non-Invasive Determination of Crescent Status of IgAN

Author

Tang Y, Liu X, Zhou W, and Qin X

Subjects
iga nephropathy, crescent, ultrasound, superb microvascular imaging, radiomics, Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Yan Tang,1,* Xiaoling Liu,1,* Wang Zhou,2 Xiachuan Qin3 1Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Anzhen Hospital Nanchong Hospital, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College (University), Nan Chong, Sichuan, 637000, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated hospital of Anhui medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Ultrasound, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610000, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xiachuan Qin, Department of Ultrasound,Chengdu Second People’s Hospital,Chengdu, Sichuan, 610000, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 18113917878, Email 11326636@qq.comPurpose: To assess the crescentic status of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) non-invasively using a superb microvascular imaging (SMI)-based radiomics machine learning (ML) model.Patients and Methods: IgAN patients who underwent renal biopsy from June 2022 to October 2023, with two-dimensional ultrasound (US) and SMI examinations conducted one day prior to the renal biopsy. The patients selected were divided randomly into a training group and a test group in a 7:3 ratio. Radiomic features were extracted from US and SMI images, then radiomic features were constructed and ML models were further established using logistic regression (LR) and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost)XGBoost to determine the crescentic status. The utility of the proposed model was evaluated using receiver operating characteristics, calibration, and decision curve analysis. The SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) was utilized to explain the best-performing ML model.Results: A total of 147 IgAN patients were included in the study, with 103 in the training group and 44 in the test group .Among them, the US-SMI based XGBoost model achieved the best results, with an the area under the curve (AUC) of 0.839 (95% CI,0.756– 0.910) and an accuracy of 78.6% in the training group.In the test group, the AUC was 0.859 (95% CI,0.721– 0.964), and the accuracy was 81.8%, significantly surpassing the ML model of a single modality and the clinical model established based on occult blood. Additionally, the decision curve analysis (DCA) demonstrated that the XGBoost model provided a higher overall net benefit in the both groups.Conclusion: The SMI radiomics ML model has the capability to accurately predict the crescentic status of IgAN patients, providing effective assistance for clinical treatment decisions.Keywords: IgA nephropathy, crescent, ultrasound, superb microvascular imaging, radiomics

Published
2024

10. Performance of a front-end prototype ASIC for the ATLAS High Granularity Timing Detector

Author

Agapopoulou, C., Beresford, L. A., Boumediene, D. E., García, L. Castillo, Conforti, S., de la Taille, C., Corpe, L. D., de Sousa, M. J. Da Cunha Sargedas, Dinaucourt, P., Falou, A., Gautam, V., Gong, D., Grieco, C., Grinstein, S., Guindon, S., Howard, A., Kurdysh, O., Kuwertz, E., Li, C., Makovec, N., Markovic, B., Martin-Chassal, G., Mazzini, R., Milke, C., Morenas, M., Perrin, O., Raskina, V., Rizzi, C., Ruckman, L., Rummler, A., Sacerdoti, S., Saito, G., Seguin-Moreau, N., Serin, L., Yang, X., Ye, J., and Zhou, W.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

This paper presents the design and characterisation of a front-end prototype ASIC for the ATLAS High Granularity Timing Detector, which is planned for the High-Luminosity phase of the LHC. This prototype, called ALTIROC1, consists of a 5$\times$5-pad matrix and contains the analog part of the single-channel readout (preamplifier, discriminator, two TDCs and SRAM). Two preamplifier architectures (transimpedance and voltage) were implemented and tested. The ASIC was characterised both alone and as a module when connected to a 5$\times$5-pad array of LGAD sensors. In calibration measurements, the ASIC operating alone was found to satisfy the technical requirements for the project, with similar performances for both preamplifier types. In particular, the jitter was found to be 15$\pm$1~ps (35$\pm$1~ps) for an injected charge of 10~fC (4~fC). A degradation in performance was observed when the ASIC was connected to the LGAD array. This is attributed to digital couplings at the entrance of the preamplifiers. When the ASIC is connected to the LGAD array, the lowest detectable charge increased from 1.5~fC to 3.4~fC. As a consequence, the jitter increased for an injected charge of 4~fC. Despite this increase, ALTIROC1 still satisfies the maximum jitter specification (below 65~ps) for the HGTD project. This coupling issue also affects the time over threshold measurements and the time-walk correction can only be performed with transimpedance preamplifiers. Beam test measurements with a pion beam at CERN were also undertaken to evaluate the performance of the module. The best time resolution obtained using only ALTIROC TDC data was 46.3$\pm$0.7~ps for a restricted time of arrival range where the coupling issue is minimized. The residual time-walk contribution is equal to 23~ps and is the dominant electronic noise contribution to the time resolution at 15~fC., Comment: 20 pages, 15 figures Second version submitted to JINST including minor changes applied to address journal's comments

Published
2023

17. Increased cTnI Predicts Early Death in Patients with Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia: A Multicenter Study in North China

Author

Li J, Lin L, Peng W, Zhou W, Zhang L, Ji W, Ge Z, Lai J, Zhang W, Zhao Z, Duan J, and Chen Z

Subjects
severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome, cardiac troponin i, early death, mortality, risk, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Junnan Li,1,2,&ast; Ling Lin,3,&ast; Wenjuan Peng,1,2,&ast; Wei Zhou,4 Ligang Zhang,3 Wenjuan Ji,3 Ziruo Ge,5 Jianming Lai,6 Wei Zhang,5 Zhenghua Zhao,7 Jianping Duan,6 Zhihai Chen5 1Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Infectious Disease, Yantai City Hospital for Infectious Disease, Yantai, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Public Health Clinical Center, Dalian, People’s Republic of China; 5Center of Infectious Disease, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of Infectious Disease, Qingdao No 6 People’s Hospital, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China; 7Department of Infectious Disease, Tai’an City Central Hospital, Tai’an, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Jianping Duan, Department of Infectious Disease, Qingdao No 6 People’s Hospital, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China, Email 156354361@qq.com Zhihai Chen, Center of Infectious Disease, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, Email chenzhihai0001@126.comBackground: Myocardial injury is common in severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) patients. Currently, research on the prognostic value of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) for predicting the mortality of SFTS patients, especially death within 7 days is limited.Methods: Between May 2011 and October 2022, clinical and laboratory data on admission of consecutive SFTS cases were collected from six medical centres in China. The clinical endpoint was in-hospital all-cause death within seven days. Risk factors of myocardial injury and death were analysed using multivariable regression models. Prognostic models were established using Cox regression and performance of indicators was evaluated in terms of calibration, discrimination.Results: A total of 1379 laboratory-confirmed patients were enrolled, in which 686 subjects were included for analysis. The median age was 66 years, with 48.1% of male. Eighty-seven patients died within seven days and 396 patients diagnosed with myocardial injury during hospitalization. Non-survivors had significant higher levels of cardiac indices than survivors, including cTnI, aspartic transaminase (AST) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Elevated levels of cTnI (HR = 1.058, 95% CI:1.032– 1.085), AST (HR = 1.191, 95% CI:1.150– 1.234) and LDH (HR = 1.019, 95% CI:1.009– 1.029) predicted risk of early in-hospital mortality. cTnI model performed best, with area under curve of 0.850 (0.774– 0.926) and concordance index of 0.842, respectively. Statistical differences were found between high and low levels of cTnI for mortality (P< 0.001) using 0.35 ng/mL as the optimal cut-off.Conclusion: The risk of early in-hospital death can be predicted by cTnI. Clinical doctors should remind vigilant concerning the elevation of cardiac enzyme as soon as possible.Keywords: severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome, cardiac troponin I, early death, mortality, risk

Published
2024

18. Tumor Cell-Targeting and Tumor Microenvironment–Responsive Nanoplatforms for the Multimodal Imaging-Guided Photodynamic/Photothermal/Chemodynamic Treatment of Cervical Cancer

Author

Wang Y, Xu Y, Song J, Liu X, Liu S, Yang N, Wang L, Liu Y, Zhao Y, Zhou W, and Zhang Y

Subjects
phototherapy, reactive oxygen species, hypoxia relief, collaborative therapy, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Ying Wang,1,&ast; Yiyan Xu,2,&ast; Jiayu Song,1 Xueting Liu,1 Sijia Liu,1 Nan Yang,1 Le Wang,1 Yujie Liu,1 Yiwei Zhao,1 Wenhu Zhou,3,4 Yunyan Zhang1 1Department of Gynecological Radiotherapy, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People’s Republic of China; 3Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, People’s Republic of China; 4Hunan Key Laboratory of The Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yunyan Zhang, Department of Gynecological Radiotherapy, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No. 150, Haping Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150081, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13604843878, Fax +86 451 85718392, Email zhangyunyan@hrbmu.edu.cn Wenhu Zhou, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, 172 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 15111469284, Fax +86 731 88710591, Email zhouwenhuyaoji@163.comPurpose: Phototherapy, known for its high selectivity, few side effects, strong controllability, and synergistic enhancement of combined treatments, is widely used in treating diseases like cervical cancer.Methods: In this study, hollow mesoporous manganese dioxide was used as a carrier to construct positively charged, poly(allylamine hydrochloride)–modified nanoparticles (NPs). The NP was efficiently loaded with the photosensitizer indocyanine green (ICG) via the addition of hydrogen phosphate ions to produce a counterion aggregation effect. HeLa cell membrane encapsulation was performed to achieve the final M-HMnO2@ICG NP. In this structure, the HMnO2 carrier responsively degrades to release ICG in the tumor microenvironment, self-generates O2 for sensitization to ICG-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT), and consumes GSH to expand the oxidative stress therapeutic effect [chemodynamic therapy (CDT) + PDT]. The ICG accumulated in tumor tissues exerts a synergistic PDT/photothermal therapy (PTT) effect through single laser irradiation, improving efficiency and reducing side effects. The cell membrane encapsulation increases nanomedicine accumulation in tumor tissues and confers an immune evasion ability. In addition, high local temperatures induced by PTT can enhance CDT. These properties of the NP enable full achievement of PTT/PDT/CDT and targeted effects.Results: Mn2+ can serve as a magnetic resonance imaging agent to guide therapy, and ICG can be used for photothermal and fluorescence imaging. After its intravenous injection, M-HMnO2@ICG accumulated effectively at mouse tumor sites; the optimal timing of in-vivo laser treatment could be verified by near-infrared fluorescence, magnetic resonance, and photothermal imaging. The M-HMnO2@ICG NPs had the best antitumor effects among treatment groups under near-infrared light conditions, and showed good biocompatibility.Conclusion: In this study, we designed a nano-biomimetic delivery system that improves hypoxia, responds to the tumor microenvironment, and efficiently loads ICG. It provides a new economical and convenient strategy for synergistic phototherapy and CDT for cervical cancer.Keywords: phototherapy, reactive oxygen species, hypoxia relief, collaborative therapy

Published
2024

19. The Clinical Value of the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, the C-Reactive Protein-to-Albumin Ratio, the Systemic Inflammatory Index, and the Systemic Inflammatory Response Index in Patients with the Anti-Synthetase Syndrome

Author

Huang L, Li X, Zhou W, Zhu H, Lao Y, Huang X, Deng Z, Tang Y, and Wang J

Subjects
the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, the c-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio, the systemic immune inflammation index, the systemic inflammation response index, anti-synthase syndrome, Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Liuyi Huang,&ast; Xi Li,&ast; Wei Zhou, Haiqing Zhu, Yuehong Lao, Xiaoxia Huang, Zhenjia Deng, Yuting Tang, Jian Wang Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Medicine of Guangxi Department of Education, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Jian Wang, Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Medicine of Guangxi Department of Education, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People’s Republic of China, Email wangjian0771@163.comObjective: There are no studies examining the role of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), the C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (CAR), the systemic inflammatory index (SII), and the systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) in anti-synthetase syndrome (ASS). We aim to compare NLR, CAR, SII, and SIRI in ASS and dermatomyositis/polymyositis (DM/PM), as well as to examine potential correlations between NLR, CAR, SII, and SIRI and clinical features and laboratory parameters in ASS.Methods: Retrospective collection of data from 111 patients with ASS and 175 patients with DM/PM. A Spearman rank correlation analysis was utilized to analyze the correlation between NLR, CAR, SII, and SIRI and inflammatory indexes. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess the diagnostic value. Univariate logistic regression analysis was performed to assess risk factors for interstitial lung disease (ILD).Results: Compared with DM/PM, NLR, CAR, SII, and SIRI were significantly greater in ASS patients (p < 0.05). NLR, CAR, SII, and SIRI were correlated with albumin, lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), C-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin, white blood cell (WBC), platelets, and myositis disease activity assessment visual analog scales (MYOACT) score (p < 0.05). The ROC curves analysis showed that NLR, SII, and SIRI were all highly predictive of the occurrence of ASS. Comparisons based on clinical characteristics showed elevated levels of NLR, CAR, SII, and SIRI in ASS patients with ILD, fever, and infection (p < 0.05). Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that NLR, CAR, and SII were significant risk factors for ASS-ILD (p < 0.05).Conclusion: The levels of NLR, CAR, SII, and SIRI were higher in ASS than in DM/PM and correlated with disease activity and specific clinical features. NLR, CAR, SII, and SIRI may be an aid in differentiating ASS from DM/PM and maybe promising biomarkers for ASS.Keywords: the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, the C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio, the systemic immune inflammation index, the systemic inflammation response index, anti-synthase syndrome

Published
2024

20. Characterisation of Corrosion Damage in T91/F91 steel exposed to Liquid Lead-Bismuth Eutectic

Author

Lapington, M. T., Zhang, M., Moody, M. P., Zhou, W. Y., Short, M. P., and Hofmann, F.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

T91 samples were exposed to static liquid lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) at 700{\deg}C for 250-500 hours in either an oxidising or reducing environment. Corrosion damage was characterised using electron microscopy techniques, which identified networks of LBE intrusion beneath LBE-wetted surfaces. Under reducing conditions these networks are uniformly distributed, while they appear patchier and deeper under oxidising conditions. The individual intrusions preferentially follow microstructural features, initially along prior-austenite grain boundaries, followed by penetration down martensite lath boundaries. Local depletion of Cr was observed within 4 {\mu}m of the intrusions and along intersecting boundaries, suggesting local Cr dissolution as the main corrosion mechanism., Comment: 14 pages, 4 figures and graphical abstract, submitted to Scripta Materialia

Published
2023
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23. Novel Carbon Dots Derived from Moutan Cortex Significantly Improve the Solubility and Bioavailability of Mangiferin

Author

Kong C, Wang K, Sun L, Zhao H, Wang T, Zhou W, Wu D, and Xu F

Subjects
moutan cortex, carbon dots, mangiferin, solubility, bioavailability, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Chuihao Kong,1,2,&ast; Kaidi Wang,1,2,&ast; Lei Sun,1,3 Hongsu Zhao,1,2 Tongsheng Wang,1 Wuxi Zhou,1 Deling Wu,1,2 Fengqing Xu1,2 1School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People’s Republic of China; 2Anhui Province Key Laboratory of New Manufacturing Technology for Traditional Chinese Medicine Decoction Pieces, Hefei, 230012, People’s Republic of China; 3Zhejiang CONBA Pharmaceutical Co. LTD, Hangzhou, 310052, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Wuxi Zhou; Fengqing Xu, School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, 350 Longzihu Road, Xinzhan District, Hefei, 230012, People’s Republic of China, Email zhouwuxi@ahtcm.edu.cn; xufengqing@ahtcm.edu.cnBackground: Mangiferin (MA), a bioactive C-glucosyl xanthone with a wide range of interesting therapeutic properties, has recently attracted considerable attention. However, its application in biomedicine is limited by poor solubility and bioavailability. Carbon dots (CDs), novel nanomaterials, have immense promise as carriers for improving the biopharmaceutical properties of active components because of their outstanding characteristics.Methods: In this study, a novel water-soluble carbon dot (MC-CDs) was prepared for the first time from an aqueous extract of Moutan Cortex Carbonisata, and characterized by various spectroscopies, zeta potential and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The toxicity effect was investigated using the CCK-8 assay in vitro. In addition, the potential of MC-CDs as carriers for improving the pharmacokinetic parameters was evaluated in vivo.Results: The results indicated that MC-CDs with a uniform spherical particle size of 1– 5 nm were successfully prepared, which significantly increased the solubility of MA in water. The MC-CDs exhibited low toxicity in HT-22 cells. Most importantly, the MC-CDs effectively affected the pharmacokinetic parameters of MA in normal rats. UPLC-MS analysis indicated that the area under the maximum blood concentration of MA from mangiferin-MC-CDs (MA-MC-CDs) was 1.6-fold higher than that from the MA suspension liquid (MA control) after oral administration at a dose of 20 mg/kg.Conclusion: Moutan Cortex-derived novel CDs exhibited superior performance in improving the solubility and bioavailability of MA. This study not only opens new possibilities for the future clinical application of MA but also provides evidence for the development of green biological carbon dots as a drug delivery system to improve the biopharmaceutical properties of insoluble drugs. Keywords: Moutan Cortex, carbon dots, mangiferin, solubility, bioavailability

Published
2024

24. Comparative Analysis of Three Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk Prediction Models in Individuals Aged 75 and Older

Author

Wang Z, Yang X, Li L, Zhang X, Zhou W, and Chen S

Subjects
ascvd, risk prediction model, frs, pce, china-par, Geriatrics, RC952-954.6
Abstract

Zhang Wang,1 Xue Yang,1 Longxin Li,1 Xiaobo Zhang,2 Wenlin Zhou,1 Sixue Chen1 1Department of Geriatrics, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China; 2The Third People’s Hospital of Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County, Mianyang, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Zhang Wang, Department of Geriatrics, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, No. 270 Rongdu Road, Chengdu, 610083, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-18981780413, Email 969281094@qq.comPurpose: To evaluate the performance of the Framingham cardiovascular risk score (FRS)/pooled cohort equations (PCE)/China prediction for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk (China-PAR model) in a prospective cohort of Chinese older adults.Patients and Methods: We assessed 717 older adults aged 75– 85 years without ASCVD at the baseline from the Sichuan province of China. The participants were followed annually from 2011 to 2021. We obtained the participants’ information through the medical records of physical examination and evaluated their 10-year ASCVD risk using FRS, PCE, and China-PAR. We further evaluated the predictive abilities of three assessment models.Results: During the 10-year follow-up, 206 participants developed ASCVD, with an incidence rate of 28.73%. The FRS and China-PAR moderately underestimated the risk of ASCVD (22.1% and 12.4%, respectively), but while PCE overestimated the risk (36.1%). FRS and China-PAR were found to underestimate the risk of ASCVD (26% and 63%, respectively) for men, while PCE overestimated the risk by 8%; For women, FRS and China-PAR were found to underestimate the risk of ASCVD (14% and 35%, respectively), while PCE overestimated the risk by 88%.Conclusion: The 10-year ASCVD risk was found to be overestimated by PCE. China-PAR had the most accurate predictions in women, while FRS was particularly well-calibrated in males. All three risk models have good discrimination, with FRS and PCE being well-calibrated in men and all three being well-calibrated in women. Therefore, accurate risk models are warranted to facilitate the prevention of ASCVD at the baseline among Chinese older adults.Keywords: ASCVD, risk prediction model, FRS, PCE, China-PAR

Published
2024

25. Obstructive Fibrinous Tracheal Pseudomembrane Following Repeated Intratracheal Interventions

Author

Tang W, Zhou W, and Zheng X

Subjects
pseudomembrane, oftp, intratracheal interventions, intubation, dyspnea, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Wei Tang, Wenlai Zhou,&ast; Xiangde Zheng&ast; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Dazhou Central Hospital, Dazhou, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Wenlai Zhou; Xiangde Zheng, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Dazhou Central Hospital, Dazhou, 635000, People’s Republic of China, Email Zhouwl1218@163.com; zxdfq123@163.comAbstract: Obstructive fibrinous tracheal pseudomembrane (OFTP) is a relatively rare complication of endotracheal intubation. Despite being well documented, the exact pathogenesis of OFTP remains unclear. Some studies suggest that it may arise from the early stage of ischemic tracheal wall injury caused by the cuff pressure during intubation. Diagnosis and treatment of OFTP can be facilitated through therapeutic bronchoscopy. In this case report, we describe a patient who presented with dyspnea following repeated intratracheal interventions and was diagnosed with OFTP. The patient was successfully treated with bronchoscopic cryotherapy and was subsequently discharged from the hospital.Keywords: pseudomembrane, OFTP, intratracheal interventions, intubation, dyspnea

Published
2024

30. Identification and Characterization of a ceRNA Regulatory Network Involving LINC00482 and PRRC2B in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells: Implications for COPD Pathogenesis and Diagnosis

Author

Huang W, Luo T, Lan M, Zhou W, Zhang M, Wu L, Lu Z, and Fan L

Subjects
copd, pbmcs, cerna, bioinformatics analysis, prrc2b, linc00482, Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

Wenjie Huang,1,2 Ting Luo,1,2 Mengqiu Lan,3 Wenting Zhou,1,2 Ming Zhang,1,2 Lihong Wu,3 Zhenni Lu,3 Li Fan1,2 1Department of Reproductive Medicine, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center Liuzhou Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545616, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Reproductive Medicine, Liuzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545001, People’s Republic of China; 3Clinical Laboratory Science, Liuzhou Municipal Liutie Central Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545007, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Wenjie Huang, Email a17377552242@163.comPurpose: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death worldwide, characterized by intense lung infiltrations of immune cells (macrophages and monocytes). While existing studies have highlighted the crucial role of the competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory network in COPD development, the complexity and characteristics of the ceRNA network in monocytes remain unexplored.Methods: We downloaded messenger RNA (mRNA), microRNA (miRNA), and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) microarray data from GSE146560, GSE102915, and GSE71220 in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. This data was used to identify differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs), miRNAs (DEmiRNAs), and lncRNAs (DElncRNAs). Predicted miRNAs that bind to DElncRNAs were intersected with DEmiRNAs, forming a set of intersecting miRNAs. This set was then used to predict potential binding mRNAs, intersected with DEmRNAs, and underwent functional enrichment analysis using R software and the STRING database. The resulting triple regulatory network and hub genes were constructed using Cytoscape. Comparative Toxicomics Database (CTD) was utilized for disease correlation predictions, and ROC curve analysis assessed diagnostic accuracy.Results: Our study identified 5 lncRNAs, 4 miRNAs, and 149 mRNAs as differentially expressed. A lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network was constructed, and hub genes were selected through hub analysis. Enrichment analysis highlighted terms related to cell movement and gene expression regulation. We established a LINC00482-has-miR-6088-PRRC2B ceRNA network with diagnostic relevance for COPD. ROC analysis demonstrated the diagnostic value of these genes. Moreover, a positive correlation between LINC00482 and PRRC2B expression was observed in COPD PBMCs. The CTD database indicated their involvement in inflammatory responses.Conclusion: In summary, our study not only identified pivotal hub genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of COPD but also constructed a ceRNA regulatory network. This contributes to understanding the pathophysiological processes of COPD through bioinformatics analysis, expanding our knowledge of COPD, and providing a foundation for potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for COPD.Keywords: COPD, PBMCs, ceRNA, bioinformatics analysis, PRRC2B, LINC00482

Published
2024

31. Comparison of OPPO Watch Sleep Analyzer and Polysomnography for Obstructive Sleep Apnea Screening

Author

Zhou G, Zhao W, Zhang Y, Zhou W, Yan H, Wei Y, Tang Y, Zeng Z, and Cheng H

Subjects
obstructive sleep apnea, photoplethysmography, polysomnography, smartwatch, Psychiatry, RC435-571, Neurophysiology and neuropsychology, QP351-495
Abstract

Guangxin Zhou,1,2 Wei Zhao,2 Yi Zhang,2 Wenli Zhou,2 Haizhou Yan,2 Yongli Wei,1 Yuming Tang,1 Zijing Zeng,2 Hanrong Cheng1 1Department of Sleep Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 2OPPO Health, Guangdong OPPO Mobile Telecommunications Co. Ltd., Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Hanrong Cheng, Department of Sleep Medicine, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China, Email cheng.hanrong@szhospital.comObjective: To evaluate the clinical performance of the OPPO Watch (OW) Sleep Analyzer (OWSA) on OSA screening with polysomnography reference.Methods: We recruited 350 participants using OWSA and PSG simultaneously in a sleep laboratory. The respiratory event index (REI) derived from OWSA and the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) provided by PSG were compared. SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP) values were calculated to explain the model of OWSA.Results: The OWSA-REI (26.5± 18.5 events/h) correlated well with PSG-AHI (33.2± 25.7 events/h; r = 0.91, p < 0.001), with an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.83. Using a threshold of AHI ≥ 15 events/h, the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and area under the curve (AUC) were 86.1%, 86.7%, 86.3%, and 0.94, respectively. Bland-Altman analysis showed that OWSA-REI and PSG-AHI were in good agreement (Mean Difference: − 6.7, 95% CI:16.0 to − 29.3 events/h). In addition, the effectiveness of the models in OWSA were also explained by visualizing SHAP values.Conclusion: The OWSA demonstrated a reasonable performance for OSA screening in the clinical setting. In light of this, it is possible for smartwatches to become a complementary tool to PSG, which is particularly useful for larger-scale preliminary screenings.Plain Language Summary: OPPO Watch Sleep Analyzer (OWSA), an emerging sleep-tracking method based on a wearable device, uses a machine learning model to analyze physiological signals including snoring recordings, and other basic anthropometric information to estimate REI. The study evaluated the OSA screening performance of OWSA with PSG-AHI and interpreted the results of the pre-trained machine learning model.OWSA demonstrated consistent clinical diagnostic performance for OSA. The interpretive machine learning models used in OWSA highlighted the impact of multi-modal data on estimation results. Therefore, these types of models are likely to be more widely accepted and promoted in clinical practice.Keywords: obstructive sleep apnea, photoplethysmography, polysomnography, smartwatch

Published
2024

32. Laboratory observation of plasmoid-dominated magnetic reconnection in hybrid collisional-collisionless regime

Author

Zhao, Z. H., An, H. H., Xie, Y., Lei, Z., Yao, W. P., Yuan, W. Q., Xiong, J., Wang, C., Ye, J. J., Xie, Z. Y., Fang, Z. H., Lei, A. L., Pei, W. B., He, X. T., Zhou, W. M., Wang, W., Zhu, S. P., and Qiao, B.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

Magnetic reconnection, breaking and reorganization of magnetic field topology, is a fundamental process for rapid release of magnetic energy into plasma particles that occurs pervasively throughout the universe. In most natural circumstances, the plasma properties on either side of the reconnection layer are asymmetric, in particular for the collision rates that are associated with a combination of density and temperature and critically determine the reconnection mechanism. To date, all laboratory experiments on magnetic reconnections have been limited to purely collisional or collisionless regimes. Here, we report a well-designed experimental investigation on asymmetric magnetic reconnections in a novel hybrid collisional-collisionless regime by interactions between laser-ablated Cu and CH plasmas. We show that the growth rate of the tearing instability in such a hybrid regime is still extremely large, resulting in rapid formation of multiple plasmoids, lower than that in the purely collisionless regime but much higher than the collisional case. In addition, we, for the first time, directly observe the topology evolutions of the whole process of plasmoid-dominated magnetic reconnections by using highly-resolved proton radiography.

Published
2022

33. Status and initial physics performance studies of the MPD experiment at NICA

Author

MPD Collaboration, Abgaryan, V., Kado, R. Acevedo, Afanasyev, S. V., Agakishiev, G. N., Alpatov, E., Altsybeev, G., Hernández, M. Alvarado, Andreeva, S. V., Andreeva, T. V., Andronov, E. V., Anfimov, N. V., Aparin, A. A., Astakhov, V. I., Atkin, E., Aushev, T., Averichev, G. S., Averyanov, A. V., Ayala, A., Babkin, V. A., Babutsidze, T., Balashov, I. A., Bancer, A., Barabanov, M. Yu., Baranov, D. A., Baranova, N., Barbashina, N., Baskakov, A. E., Batyuk, P. N., Bazhazhin, A. G., Baznat, D., Baznat, M., Bazylev, S. N., Beltran, L. G. E., Belyaev, A. V., Belyaev, S. E., Belyaeva, E. V., Benda, V., Bielewicz, M., Bietenholz, W., Blaschke, D., Blau, D., Bogdanova, G., Bogoslovsky, D. N., Boguslavsky, I. V., Boos, E., Botvina, A., Bravina, L., Bulychjov, S. A., Buryakov, M. G., Butenko, A. V., Butorin, A. V., Buzin, S. G., Bychkov, A., Bychkov, A. V., Cabellero, R. R., Arciniega, D. Chaires, Chalyshev, V. V., Chen, W., Chen, Z., Cheplakova, V. A., Chepurnov, V. F., Chepurnov, V. V., Cheremnova, M., Cheremukhina, G. A., Chlad, L., Chudoba, P., Chumakov, P. V., Cuautle, E., Czarnynoga, M., Dabrowska, B., Dąbrowski, D., Demanov, A., Dementyev, D. V., Deng, Z., Dmitriev, A. V., Dodokhov, V. Kh., Dolbilina, E. V., Dolbilov, A. G., Domínguez, I., Dominik, W., Donets, D. E., Dronik, V., Dubrovin, A. Yu., Dudziński, A., Dulov, P., Dunin, N. V., Dunin, V. B., Dyatlov, V., Dydyshko, V. F., Efremov, A. A., Egorov, D. S., Elsha, V. V., Emelyanov, A. E., Emelyanov, N. E., Ermakova, V. G., Eyyubova, G., Fang, D., Fateev, O. V., Fedin, O., Fedotov, Yu. I., Fedyunin, A. A., Feng, C., Feng, S., Feofilov, G. A., Filippov, I. A., Fischer, T., Formenko, K., Gaganova, M. A., Gandzhelashvili, T. T., Gavrishchuk, O. P., Geraksiev, N., Gerasimov, S. E., Gertsenberger, K. V., Golosov, O., Golovatyuk, V. M., Golubeva, M., Goncharov, I., Gorbunov, N. V., Grabowski, M., Grodzicka-Kobyłka, M., Grodzicki, K., Grzyb, J., Guber, F., Guirado, A., Guskov, A. V., Guzey, V., He, W., Rosas, L. A. Hernández, Huang, M., Huang, Y., Idczak, R., Idrisov, D., Igolkin, S. N., Ilieva, M., Isupov, A. Yu., Ivanishchev, D., Ivanov, A. V., Ivanytskyi, O., Ivashkin, A., Izvestnyy, A., Jaworska, E., Jiao, J., Kadochnikov, I., Kakurin, S. I., Kankiewicz, P., Kapishin, M. N., Karmanov, D., Karpushkin, N., Kartashova, L. A., Kashirin, E., Kasprowicz, G., Kasumov, Yu., Kechechyan, A. O., Kekelidze, G. D., Kekelidze, V. D., Khanzadeev, A., Kharlamov, P., Khilinova, O. A., Khodzhibagiyan, G. G., Khosravi, N., Khvorostukhin, A., Khyzhniak, Y., Kikvadze, V., Kireyeu, V. A., Kiryushin, Yu. T., Kiryutin, I. S., Kisiel, A., Klyuev, A., Klyukhin, V., Kochenda, L., Kodolova, O., Kolesnikov, V. I., Kolozhvari, A., Komarov, V. G., Kondratiev, V. P., Korolev, M., Korotkikh, V., Kotov, D., Kovalenko, S., Kovalenko, V. N., Kowalski, S., Kozlenko, N. A., Krakowiak, M., Kramarenko, V. A., Krasnova, L. M., Kravchov, P., Krechetov, Yu. F., Kruglova, I. V., Krylov, A. V., Krylov, V., Kryshen, E., Kryukov, A., Kubankin, A., Kugler, A., Kuich, M., Kukarnikov, S. I., Kuklin, S. N., Kukulin, V., Kuleshov, S., Kulikov, E. A., Kulikov, V. V., Kurepin, A., Kushpil, S., Kuzmin, V. S., Kvita, J., Lanskoy, D., Lashmanov, N. A., Ławryńczuk, M., Lazareva, T. V., Lednicky, R., Li, S., Li, Z., Litvinenko, A. G, Litvinenko, E. I., Litvinova, G. N., Liu, D., Liu, F., Livanov, A. N., Lobanov, V. I., Lobanov, Yu. Yu., Lobastov, S. P., Lokhtin, I., Lu, P., Lukstinsh, Yu. R., Luong, B. V., Łysakowski, B., Ma, Y., Machavariani, A., Madigozhin, D. T., Maksiak, B., Maksimenkova, V. I., Malakhov, A. I., Malayev, M., Maldonado, I., Maldonado, J. C., Malikov, I. V., Malinina, L., Maltsev, N. A., Maria, N. V., Shopova, M., Martemianov, M. A., Maslan, M., Matsyuk, M. A., Matulewicz, T., Melnikov, D. G., Merkin, M., Merts, S. P., Meshkov, I. N., Mianowski, S., Migulina, I. I., Mikhaylov, K. R., Milewicz-Zalewska, M., Minaev, Yu. I., Molokanova, N. A., Moreno-Barbosa, E., Morozov, S., Moshkin, A. A., Moshkovsky, I. V., Moskovsky, A. E., Movchan, S. A., Mudrokh, A. A., Mukhin, K. A., Murin, Yu. A., Musul'manbekov, Zh. Zh., Myalkovsky, V. V., Myktybekov, D., Paredes, L. L. Narvaez, Nauruzbaev, D. K., Nazarova, E. N., Nechaevsky, A. V., Nesterov, D. G., Nie, M., Nieto-Marín, P. A., Nigmatkulov, G., Nikitin, V. A., Nioradze, M., Niu, X., Nowak, W., Nozka, L., Oleks, I. A., Olshevsky, A. G., Orlov, O. E., Parfenov, P., Parzhitsky, S. S., Patiño, M. E., Pavlyukevich, V. A., Penkin, V. A., Peresedov, V. F., Peresunko, D., Peshekhonov, D. V., Petrov, V. A., Petrushanko, S., Petukhov, O., Piasecki, K., Pichugina, D. V., Piloyan, A., Pilyar, A. V., Piyadin, S. M., Plamowski, S., Platonova, M., Pluta, J., Potanina, A. E., Potrebenikov, Yu. K., Poźniak, K., Prokhorova, D. S., Prokofiev, N. A., Protoklitow, F., Prozorov, A., Pszczel, D., Puchkov, A. M, Pukhaeva, N., Puławski, S., Rakhmatullina, A. R., Herrera, L. F. Rebolledo, Reyna-Ortiz, V. Z., Riabov, V., Riabov, Yu., Ridinger, N. O., Rikhvitsky, V., Rodriguez-Cahuantzi, M., Rogachevsky, O. V., Rogov, V. Yu., Rokita, P., Romanenko, G., Romaniuk, R., Romanova, A., Rosłon, K., Rossler, T., Calderon, E. F. Rozas, Rufanov, I. A., Rumyantsev, M. M., Rustamov, A., Rybakov, A. A., Rybczyński, M., Rybka, D., Rymshina, A. A., Rzadkiewicz, J., Sadygov, Z. Ya. -O., Samsonov, V. A., Sandul, V. S., Sattarov, R., Savenkov, A. A., Schmidt, K., Seballos, S. S., Sedykh, S. A., Selyuzhenkov, I., Semchukova, T. V., Semenov, A. Yu., Semenova, I. A., Sergeev, S. V., Sergeeva, N. A., Serochkin, E. V., Seryakov, A. Yu., Shabunov, A. V., Shanidze, R., Shcheglova, L., Shchinov, B. G., Shen, C., Shen, Y., Sherbakov, A. N., Sheremetyev, A. D., Sheremetyeva, A. I., Shindin, R. A., Shipunov, A. V., Shitenkov, M. O., Shtejer, D. K., Shukla, U., Shunko, A. A., Shutov, A. V., Shutov, V. B., Sidorin, A. O., Skwira-Chalot, I., Slepnev, I. V., Slepnev, V. M., Slepov, I. P., Solnyshkin, Yu. A., Solomin, A., Solovyeva, T., Sorin, A. S., Starecki, T., Stefanek, G., Stepaniak, J., Streletskaya, E. A., Strikhanov, M., Strizh, T. A., Strizhak, A., Sukhov, N. V., Sukhovarov, S. I., Sun, X., Surkov, N. N., Suvarieva, D., Svalov, V. L., Świderski, L., Syntfeld-Każuch, A., Szcześniak, T., Szewiński, J., Tang, Z., Taranenko, A., Tarasov, N. A., Tcholakov, V., Tejeda-Muñoz, G., Tejeda-Yeomans, M. E., Terletskiy, A. V., Teryaev, O. V., Tikhomirov, V. V., Timoshenko, A. A., Tkachev, G. P., Toneev, V. D., Topilin, N. D., Traczyk, T., Tretyakova, T., Trubnikov, A. V., Trubnikov, G. V., Tyapkin, I. A., Udovenko, S. Yu., Poblete, P. A. Ulloa, Urbaniak, M., Urumov, V., Valenzuela-Cazares, L., Valiev, F. F., Vasendina, V. A., Vasiliev, I. N., Vasilyev, A., Vechernin, V. V., Vereshchagin, S. V., Vladimirova, N. N., Vlasov, N. V., Vodopyanov, A. S., Vokhmyanina, K., Volkov, V., Volodina, O. A., Voronin, A. A., Voronyuk, V., Wang, F., Wang, J., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wieczorek, P., Wielanek, D., Włodarczyk, Z., Wójcik, K., Wu, K., Xiao, Z., Xu, Q., Yang, C., Yang, H., Yang, Q., Yarygin, G. A., Yordanova, L., Yu, T., Yuan, Z., Yurevich, V. I., Zabołotny, W., Zabrodin, E., Zaitseva, M. V., Saa, J. A. Zamora, Zamyatin, N. I., Zaporozhets, S. A., Zarochentsev, A. K., Zepeda-Fernández, C. H., Zha, W., Zhalov, M., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z., Zhao, C., Zherebchevsky, V. I., Zhezher, V. N., Zhong, C., Zhou, W., Zhu, X., Zinchenko, A. I., and Zinchenko, D. A.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear Theory
Abstract

The Nuclotron-base Ion Collider fAcility (NICA) is under construction at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), with commissioning of the facility expected in late 2022. The Multi-Purpose Detector (MPD) has been designed to operate at NICA and its components are currently in production. The detector is expected to be ready for data taking with the first beams from NICA. This document provides an overview of the landscape of the investigation of the QCD phase diagram in the region of maximum baryonic density, where NICA and MPD will be able to provide significant and unique input. It also provides a detailed description of the MPD set-up, including its various subsystems as well as its support and computing infrastructures. Selected performance studies for particular physics measurements at MPD are presented and discussed in the context of existing data and theoretical expectations., Comment: 53 pages, 68 figures, submitted as a Review article to EPJA

Published
2022
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35. Universal DNA methylation age across mammalian tissues

Author

Lu, A. T., Fei, Z., Haghani, A., Robeck, T. R., Zoller, J. A., Li, C. Z., Lowe, R., Yan, Q., Zhang, J., Vu, H., Ablaeva, J., Acosta-Rodriguez, V. A., Adams, D. M., Almunia, J., Aloysius, A., Ardehali, R., Arneson, A., Baker, C. S., Banks, G., Belov, K., Bennett, N. C., Black, P., Blumstein, D. T., Bors, E. K., Breeze, C. E., Brooke, R. T., Brown, J. L., Carter, G. G., Caulton, A., Cavin, J. M., Chakrabarti, L., Chatzistamou, I., Chen, H., Cheng, K., Chiavellini, P., Choi, O. W., Clarke, S. M., Cooper, L. N., Cossette, M. L., Day, J., DeYoung, J., DiRocco, S., Dold, C., Ehmke, E. E., Emmons, C. K., Emmrich, S., Erbay, E., Erlacher-Reid, C., Faulkes, C. G., Ferguson, S. H., Finno, C. J., Flower, J. E., Gaillard, J. M., Garde, E., Gerber, L., Gladyshev, V. N., Gorbunova, V., Goya, R. G., Grant, M. J., Green, C. B., Hales, E. N., Hanson, M. B., Hart, D. W., Haulena, M., Herrick, K., Hogan, A. N., Hogg, C. J., Hore, T. A., Huang, T., Izpisua Belmonte, J. C., Jasinska, A. J., Jones, G., Jourdain, E., Kashpur, O., Katcher, H., Katsumata, E., Kaza, V., Kiaris, H., Kobor, M. S., Kordowitzki, P., Koski, W. R., Krützen, M., Kwon, S. B., Larison, B., Lee, S. G., Lehmann, M., Lemaitre, J. F., Levine, A. J., Li, C., Li, X., Lim, A. R., Lin, D. T. S., Lindemann, D. M., Little, T. J., Macoretta, N., Maddox, D., Matkin, C. O., Mattison, J. A., McClure, M., Mergl, J., Meudt, J. J., Montano, G. A., Mozhui, K., Munshi-South, J., Naderi, A., Nagy, M., Narayan, P., Nathanielsz, P. W., Nguyen, N. B., Niehrs, C., O’Brien, J. K., O’Tierney Ginn, P., Odom, D. T., Ophir, A. G., Osborn, S., Ostrander, E. A., Parsons, K. M., Paul, K. C., Pellegrini, M., Peters, K. J., Pedersen, A. B., Petersen, J. L., Pietersen, D. W., Pinho, G. M., Plassais, J., Poganik, J. R., Prado, N. A., Reddy, P., Rey, B., Ritz, B. R., Robbins, J., Rodriguez, M., Russell, J., Rydkina, E., Sailer, L. L., Salmon, A. B., Sanghavi, A., Schachtschneider, K. M., Schmitt, D., Schmitt, T., Schomacher, L., Schook, L. B., Sears, K. E., Seifert, A. W., Seluanov, A., Shafer, A. B. A., Shanmuganayagam, D., Shindyapina, A. V., Simmons, M., Singh, K., Sinha, I., Slone, J., Snell, R. G., Soltanmaohammadi, E., Spangler, M. L., Spriggs, M. C., Staggs, L., Stedman, N., Steinman, K. J., Stewart, D. T., Sugrue, V. J., Szladovits, B., Takahashi, J. S., Takasugi, M., Teeling, E. C., Thompson, M. J., Van Bonn, B., Vernes, S. C., Villar, D., Vinters, H. V., Wallingford, M. C., Wang, N., Wayne, R. K., Wilkinson, G. S., Williams, C. K., Williams, R. W., Yang, X. W., Yao, M., Young, B. G., Zhang, B., Zhang, Z., Zhao, P., Zhao, Y., Zhou, W., Zimmermann, J., Ernst, J., Raj, K., and Horvath, S.

Published
2023
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36. Observation of high efficiency Betatron radiation from femtosecond petawatt laser irradiated near critical plasmas

Author

Tan, J. H., Li, Y. F., Li, D. Z., Feng, J., Li, Y. J., Zhou, W. J., Yan, Y. H., Zhang, Z. M., Zhang, B. L., Wang, J. G., Gu, Y. Q., Li, Y. T., and Chen, L. M.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics, Physics - Accelerator Physics
Abstract

We present an experimental demonstration of high conversion efficiency Betatron x-ray radiation from petawatt laser irradiated near critical plasmas. Direct laser acceleration serves as the dominant regime when laser pulse of ~5e20 W/cm2 intensity is focused into plasmas with electron density of 3e20 /cm3. Electron beam with a charge of ~35 nC is accelerated up to a maximum energy of 70 MeV and emit x-rays when oscillating in the laser field. The deduced energy conversion efficiency from laser to x-rays is up to 1e-4, orders of magnitude higher than other betatron regimes. Enhancement of acceleration and radiation with sharp plasma density boundary is also obtained and further interpretated with 2D particle-in-cell simulations., Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures

Published
2021

40. Metabolomics Reveals Molecular Signatures for Psoriasis Biomarkers and Drug Targets Discovery

Author

Song Q, Chen Y, Ma J, Zhou W, Song J, Wu C, and Liu J

Subjects
psoriasis, metabolomics, biomarker, kegg pathway, therapeutic target., Dermatology, RL1-803
Abstract

Qian Song,1,&ast; Ying Chen,2,3,&ast; JianQing Ma,1 Wei Zhou,4 JunYan Song,1 ChunFu Wu,5 Jie Liu2 1Department of Medical Laboratory, North China Medical & Health Group Xingtai General Hospital, Orthopedic Hospital of Xingtai, Xingtai, People’s Republic of China; 2BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China; 3College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 4China National Genebank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China; 5Yantai Harbor Hospital, Yantai, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Jie Liu, BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, People’s Republic of China, Email liujie8@genomics.cn ChunFu Wu, Yantai Harbor Hospital, Yantai, 264000, People’s Republic of China, Email tjnk2009@126.comPurpose: Psoriasis is a chronic, multi-system skin disease that can be influenced by immunological, environmental, and genetic factors. Plasma metabolomic analysis can provide a great deal of information on potential diagnostic biomarkers, pathogenesis and personalized treatment. However, the role of metabolites in psoriasis is unknown.Patients and Methods: We performed an untargeted metabolomic analysis of plasma based on high-resolution liquid chromatography mass spectrometry from 10 plaque psoriasis patients and 10 healthy controls.Results: A total of 301 differential metabolites were detected, of which 10 metabolites were possible potential biomarkers, including vitamins, amino acids, and lipids. At the same time, KEGG pathway enrichment analysis was performed for all detected differential metabolites, and it was found that protein digestion and absorption, amino acid metabolism and lipid metabolism may be jointly involved in regulating the pathogenesis of psoriasis. In addition, the proteins ESR1, OPRM1 and HSD11B1 were identified as possible potential topical therapeutic targets for psoriasis through analysis of the metabolite-protein interaction network.Conclusion: In this study, we identified 10 differential metabolites as possible potential combinatorial biomarkers for the diagnosis of psoriasis. 12 metabolic pathways were significantly enriched that may be closely related to the occurrence and development of psoriasis. Three proteins, ESR1, OPRM1, and HSD11B1, were identified as possible potential therapeutic targets for psoriasis.Keywords: psoriasis, metabolomics, biomarker, KEGG pathway, therapeutic target

Published
2023

41. Relationship Between the Ovarian Cyst and Depression: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study

Author

Wen J, Zhou W, and Lin Y

Subjects
mendelian randomization, depression, ovarian cyst, genetic variation, Gynecology and obstetrics, RG1-991
Abstract

Jiajia Wen,1 Wamei Zhou,2 Yin Lin3 1Department of Psychiatry III, Hainan an Ning Hospital, Haikou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Neurology, Hainan an Ning Hospital, Haikou, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Psychiatry, Hainan an Ning Hospital, Haikou, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yin Lin, Department of Psychiatry, Hainan an Ning Hospital, No. 10, Nanhai Avenue East, Haikou, Hainan, 570100, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8613876245292, Email 18782849833@163.comObjective: Explore the causal relationship between the ovarian cyst and depression using a two-sample Mendelian randomization approach (MR).Methods: Based on data pooled from genome-wide association studies, genetic variants of the ovarian cyst and depression were selected as instrumental variables, as well as the Mendelian randomization analysis was conducted using inverse variance weighted (IVW) as the main analysis method and MR-Egger regression analysis, MR-PRESSO and other sensitivity analysis methods as supplements.Results: The IVW analysis showed a direct causal association between ovarian cysts and depression (OR=1.040; 95% CI: 1.003, 1.078; p=0.031). Meantime, there was a causal effect of genetically predicted depression on ovarian cysts (OR=1.327.; 95% CI: 1.197, 1.470; p< 0.001). Sensitivity analyses such as MR-Egger regression analysis and MR-PRESSO indicated that the IVW results were robust and reliable.Conclusion: This study suggested since ovarian cysts and female depression are mutually causal, the comorbidity of ovarian cysts and depression in women should be actively attended to and given appropriate prevention and treatment besides the diagnosis and treatment of depression or ovarian cysts.Keywords: Mendelian randomization, depression, ovarian cyst, genetic variation

Published
2023

42. The Impact of Hot Spring Hydrotherapy on Pain Perception and Dysfunction Severity in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Author

Mao S, Xiao K, Zhou W, Xu H, and Zhang S

Subjects
hydrotherapy, visual analog scale, impaired physical function, quality of life, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Sujie Mao,1 Kaiwen Xiao,1 Wensheng Zhou,2 Hong Xu,3 Shikun Zhang4 1Discipline Construction Office, Nanjing Sport Institute, NanJing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Physical Education, Jiangsu Second Normal University, Nanjing, JiangSu, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Physical Education, Nanjing Xiao-Zhuang University, Nanjing, JiangSu, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Police Physical Education, Jiangsu Police Institute, Nanjing, JiangSu, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Shikun Zhang, Department of Police Physical Education, Jiangsu Police Institute, No. 48 Sangong, Shifo Temple, Pukou District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China, Email zhangstruggle@163.comBackground: Chronic Low Back Pain (CLBP) is a prevalent global health issue, leading to prolonged discomfort and functional limitations. Hot spring hydrotherapy, which utilizes mineral-rich, warm spring water, offers a unique physical therapy that holds promise in alleviating CLBP symptoms.Objective: This meta-analysis aims to assess the effectiveness of hot spring hydrotherapy in improving CLBP symptoms, encompassing pain intensity, functional disability, quality of life, and medication usage.Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted by searching relevant literature in multiple databases. Included studies compared hot spring hydrotherapy with control interventions or other treatments. Standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for pain intensity, functional disability, medication usage, and quality of life.Results: A total of 16 studies met the inclusion criteria, involving 1656 participants with chronic low back pain across various countries. The meta-analysis demonstrated that hot spring hydrotherapy was effective in reducing pain intensity (SMD = − 0.901, 95% CI [− 1.777, − 0.025], P < 0.05) and improving functional disability (SMD = − 3.236, 95% CI [− 4.898, − 1.575], P < 0.0001) in CLBP patients. Hot spring hydrotherapy also resulted in a significant reduction in medication usage (P < 0.05). Subgroup analysis showed that the effects of hot spring hydrotherapy were more pronounced in patients aged 60 and above, while no significant differences were observed in patients below 60 years of age, single hot Spring Hydrotherapy help improve patients’ quality of life.Conclusion: Hot spring hydrotherapy is an effective intervention for improving CLBP symptoms, including pain intensity, functional disability, and medication usage. It is particularly beneficial for CLBP patients aged 60 and above. These findings support the integration of hot spring hydrotherapy into the treatment approach for CLBP, although further research is needed to determine its efficacy in younger patients and to explore the underlying mechanisms of its therapeutic effects.Prospero Id: CRD42023430860.Keywords: hydrotherapy, visual analog scale, impaired physical function, quality of life

Published
2023

43. Genomic Characteristics of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from Neonatal Patients in Southwest China During 2017–2021

Author

Wu W, Jiang Y, Zhou W, and Kuang L

Subjects
klebsiella pneumoniae, carbapenemase, ndm-5, st789, neonates, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Wenjing Wu,1,2 Yongmei Jiang,1,2 Wei Zhou,1,2 Linghan Kuang1,2 1Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China; 2Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Linghan Kuang, Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 20, Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-28-8550-1201, Email hanhan840106@163.comObjective: Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is spreading worldwide, becoming a serious threat to public health. The present study aimed to analyze the molecular epidemiology and drug resistance mechanism of CRKP isolated from neonatal patients in Sichuan, Southwest China.Methods: CRKP isolates were collected from neonatal patients of West China Second University Hospital from June 2017 to June 2021. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using broth microdilution. Whole-genome sequencing of all isolates were performed to determine the antimicrobial resistance genes, sequence typing, phylogenetic relationships.Results: In total, 41 nonduplicate CRKP isolates were collected. All isolates were highly resistant to the cephalosporins and carbapenems, however, they were all susceptible to amikacin, tigecycline, ciprofloxacin, and colistin. Various resistance genes were detected, blaNDM-5 (n = 35, 85.4%) was the predominant carbapenemase genes. The most common replicon type was IncX3, which was harbored by 36 (87.8%) isolates, followed by IncFIB (n = 34, 82.9%), and IncFII (n = 32, 78.0%). The 41 CRKP isolates belonged to 8 sequence types (STs) and ST789 (n = 29, all had blaNDM-5) was the dominant sequence type.Conclusion: The study revealed that blaNDM was the most dominant carbapenemase resistance gene. ST789 CRKP strains carrying blaNDM-5 were a tremendous menace to neonates in this hospital. Therefore, effectively implement prevention and control measures need to be taken for the prevention and treatment of CRKP infection in the neonatal ward.Keywords: Klebsiella pneumoniae, carbapenemase, NDM-5, ST789, neonates

Published
2023

44. Bacterial Etiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern of Pediatric Bloodstream Infections in Beijing, 2015–2019

Author

Lyu ZY, Zhen JH, Meng QY, Zhou W, An JY, and Dong F

Subjects
bloodstream infections, children, etiology, antimicrobial resistance, methicillin-resistant s. aureus, methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci, s. pneumoniae，carbapenem-resistant enterobacter, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Zhi-yong Lyu, Jing-hui Zhen, Qing-ying Meng, Wei Zhou, Jing-yun An, Fang Dong Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, 100045, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Fang Dong, Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Beijing Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, No. 56 Nan Lishi Road, Beijing, 100045, People’s Republic of China, Email fangd32@163.comPurpose: Bloodstream infections (BSIs) was an essential cause of morbidity and mortality in children. Empiric broad-spectrum treatment of BSIs may be costly and unable to effectively eliminate the correct pathogenic microbes, resulting in downstream antimicrobial resistance. The purpose was to provide evidence for diagnosis and treatment of bloodstream infections in pediatrics, by revealing the pathogen distribution and antibiotic resistance pattern of BSIs.Methods: In this 5-year study, a total of 2544 pathogenic bacteria stains, isolated from 2368 patients with BSI, were retrospectively analyzed, to define the species distribution and the antimicrobial resistance pattern in Beijing.Results: The most frequently isolated pathogenic bacteria were K. pneumoniae (12.1%), S. aureus (11.5%), E. coli (11.2%), and E. faecium (11.2%). Hematological malignancies were the most common disease among patients with underlying conditions. Methicillin resistance was detected in 30.0% of S. aureus and 81.7% of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS), respectively. The detection rates of carbapenem-resistant-E. coli (CRECO) and carbapenem-resistant-K. pneumoniae (CRKPN) were 10.8% and 50.8%, respectively. In terms of 122 isolates of S. pneumonia, 5 isolates (4.1%) were penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (PRSP); meanwhile, 50 isolates (41.0%) were penicillin-intermediate Streptococcus pneumoniae (PISP). Among the non-fermentative gram-negative bacilli isolates, 22.8% and 26.9% of the P. aeruginosa, were resistant to imipenem and meropenem. Furthermore, the resistance rates of A. baumannii to imipenem and meropenem both were 54.5%.Conclusion: In the study, we demonstrated the characteristics of bloodstream infections and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of pediatrics in Beijing. Gram positive bacteria were the main pathogens of BSIs. CoNS strains presented even higher resistance to multiple antibiotics, including methicillin, than S. aureus. K. pneumoniae and E. coli represent the most common isolated gram-negative bacteria and exhibited high resistance to a variety of antimicrobial agents. Therefore, it was of critical importance to implement appropriate antimicrobial medication according to pathogen distribution and drug susceptibility test.Keywords: bloodstream infections, children, etiology, antimicrobial resistance, methicillin-resistant S. aureus, methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci, S. pneumoniae, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter

Published
2023

45. The Treatment of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (Triple Expression) Involving the Breast, Spleen, and Bone in a Male Patient with Viral Hepatitis B: A Rare Case Report

Author

Zhou W, Gao Q, Wang L, Li W, He C, Li Y, Feng L, Liu W, Liu L, and Wang Y

Subjects
breast, viral hepatitis b, diffuse large b-cell lymphoma, triple expression, autologous stem cell transplantation., Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Weiling Zhou,1 Qian Gao,1 Lianjing Wang,2 Weijing Li,2 Cuiying He,2 Yanting Li,3 Lei Feng,1 Wei Liu,2 Lihong Liu,2 Yuan Wang1 1Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, HeBei Province, 050000, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Hematology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, HeBei Province, 050000, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Glandular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, HeBei Province, 050000, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Lihong Liu, Department of Hematology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, HeBei Province, 050000, People’s Republic of China, Email liulihong111222@163.com Yuan Wang, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, HeBei Province, 050000, People’s Republic of China, Email wyuan1111122222@163.comBackground: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) involving the breast, spleen, and bone in a male patient with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is extremely rare in clinical practice.Case Presentation: We report a case of DLBCL involving the breast, spleen, and bone (triple expression of Bcl-2+, Bcl-6+, and 70% positive C-mcy) in a male patient with HBV admitted to our hospital. The patient was treated with EPOCH× 4, lenalidomide+EPOCH× 2 chemotherapy, intermittent methotrexate intrathecal injections to prevent central invasion, and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). The patient is currently in complete remission, and the follow-up time was 43 months.Conclusion: A patient with DLBCL involving the breast, spleen, and bone can be treated with a combination of multiple regimens. If the patient’s economic conditions permit it, ASCT can be considered.Keywords: breast, viral hepatitis B, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, triple expression, autologous stem cell transplantation

Published
2023

46. Inhibition of LPA-LPAR1 and VEGF-VEGFR2 Signaling in IPF Treatment

Author

Luo YL, Li Y, Zhou W, Wang SY, and Liu YQ

Subjects
idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, vegfr2, lpar1, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Ya-Li Luo,&ast; Yan Li,&ast; Wen Zhou, Si-Yu Wang, Yong-Qi Liu Gansu University Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine and Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yong-Qi Liu, School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine and Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China, Email liuyongqi73@163.comAbstract: Due to the complex mechanism and limited treatments available for pulmonary fibrosis, the development of targeted drugs or inhibitors based on their molecular mechanisms remains an important strategy for prevention and treatment. In this paper, the downstream signaling pathways mediated by VEGFR and LPAR1 in pulmonary cells and the role of these pathways in pulmonary fibrosis, as well as the current status of drug research on the targets of LPAR1 and VEGFR2, are described. The mechanism by which these two pathways regulate vascular leakage and collagen deposition leading to the development of pulmonary fibrosis are analyzed, and the mutual promotion of the two pathways is discussed. Here we propose the development of drugs that simultaneously target LPAR1 and VEGFR2, and discuss the important considerations in targeting and safety.Keywords: idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, VEGFR2, LPAR1

Published
2023

48. Topological quantum phase transition in the magnetic semimetal HoSb

Author

Zhang, Jian-Min, Tang, Fang, Ruan, Yurong, Chen, Y., Zhang, Runwu, Guo, Wenti, Chen, Shuiyuan, Li, Jianping, Zhao, Weiyao, Zhou, W., Zhang, Lei, Han, Zhida, Qian, Bin, Jiang, Xuefan, Huang, Zhigao, Qian, Dong, and Fang, Yong

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Magnetic topological semimetals, a novel state of quantum matter with nontrivial band topology, have emerged as a new frontier in physics and materials science. An external stimulus like temperature or magnetic field could be expected to alter their spin states and thus the Fermi surface anisotropies and topological features. Here, we perform the angular magnetoresistance measurements and electronic band structure calculations to reveal the evolution of HoSb's Fermi surface anisotropies and topological nature in different magnetic states. The angular magnetoresistance results manifest that its Fermi surface anisotropy is robust in the paramagnetic state but is significantly modulated in the antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic states. More interestingly, a transition from the trivial (nontrivial) to nontrivial (trivial) topological electronic phase is observed when HoSb undergoes a magnetic transition from the paramagnetic (antiferromagnetic) to antiferromagnetic (ferromagnetic) state induced by temperature (applied magnetic field). Our studying suggests that HoSb provides an archetype platform to study the correlations between magnetism and topological states of matter., Comment: 27 pages, 9 figures.Accepted paper

Published
2021

49. Robustness of the international oil trade network under targeted attacks to economies

Author

Wei, N., Xie, W. -J., and Zhou, W. -X.

Subjects
Economics - Econometrics
Abstract

In the international oil trade network (iOTN), trade shocks triggered by extreme events may spread over the entire network along the trade links of the central economies and even lead to the collapse of the whole system. In this study, we focus on the concept of "too central to fail" and use traditional centrality indicators as strategic indicators for simulating attacks on economic nodes, and simulates various situations in which the structure and function of the global oil trade network are lost when the economies suffer extreme trade shocks. The simulation results show that the global oil trade system has become more vulnerable in recent years. The regional aggregation of oil trade is an essential source of iOTN's vulnerability. Maintaining global oil trade stability and security requires a focus on economies with greater influence within the network module of the iOTN. International organizations such as OPEC and OECD established more trade links around the world, but their influence on the iOTN is declining. We improve the framework of oil security and trade risk assessment based on the topological index of iOTN, and provide a reference for finding methods to maintain network robustness and trade stability.

Published
2021
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50. Rare-earth-free ferrimagnetic Mn4N sub-20 nm thin films as high-temperature spintronic material

Author

Zhou, W., Ma, C. T., Hartnett, T. Q., Balachandran, P. V., and Poon, S. J.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Ferrimagnetic alloy thin films that exhibit perpendicular (out-of-plane) magnetic anisotropy (PMA) with low saturation magnetization, such as GdCo and Mn4N, were predicted to be favorable for hosting small Neel skyrmions for room temperature applications. Due to the exponential decay of interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) and the limited range of spin-orbit-torques, which can be used to drive skyrmion motion, the thickness of the ferrimagnetic layer has to be small, preferably under 20 nm. While there are examples of sub-20 nm, rare earth-transition metal (RE-TM), ferrimagnetic thin films fabricated by sputter deposition, to date rare-earth-free sub-20 nm Mn4N films with PMA have only been reported to be achieved by molecular beam epitaxy, which is not suitable for massive production. Here we report the successful thermal growth of sub-20 nm Mn4N films with PMA at 400-450 {\deg}C substrate temperatures on MgO substrates by reactive sputtering. The Mn4N films were achieved by reducing the surface roughness of MgO substrate through a high-temperature vacuum annealing process. The optimal films showed low saturation magnetization (Ms = 43 emu/cc), low magnetic anisotropy energy (0.7 Merg/cc), and a remanent magnetization to saturation magnetization ratio (Mr/Ms) near 1 at room temperature. Preliminary ab-initio density functional theory (DFT) calculations have confirmed the ferrimagnetic ground state of Mn4N grown on MgO. The magnetic properties, along with the high thermal stability of Mn4N thin films in comparison with RE-TM thin films, provide the platform for future studies of practical skyrmion-based spintronic materials.

Published
2020
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