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Industry-university-research institute (IUR) synergetic innovation (SI) has become the leading-edge innovation mode to promote significant knowledge and technological innovations in China. This article establishes an evaluation index system and evaluation model for system synergy of IUR-SI based on knowledge creation combining the innovation theory with a multi-level extension evaluation method. The index system divides the system synergy of IUR-SI into four subsystems including knowledge synergy capability, relationship synergy capability, innovation synergy capability and synergy performance. we verify the evaluation model taking IUR-SI system of a region in China as an example. The purpose of the paper is to systematically, scientifically describe and analyze various constituent elements of IUR-SI system, as well as various level indicators reflecting efficiency and effectiveness of the system, in order to find the key points of system operation, and enhance the level of collaborative developme...

The existence of high concentrations of salinity and organics would have a great impact on the microorganisms when using bioreactors to treat wastewater. Thus, it is necessary to find bioreactors resistant to high concentrations of salinity. The effect of salinity on an expanded granular sludge bed reactor (EGSB) was studied by increasing the Cl

We identified a leafy head mutant pla1-5 (plastochron 1-5) from the progeny of japonica rice cultivar Taipei 309 treated with 60Co-γ ray irradiation. The pla1-5 mutant has a dwarf phenotype and small leaves. Compared with its wild type, pla1-5 has more leaves and fewer tillers, and it fails to produce normal panicles at the maturity stage. Genetic analysis showed that the pla1-5 phenotype is controlled by a single recessive nuclear gene. Using the map-based cloning strategy, we narrowed down the location of the target gene to a 58-kb region between simple sequence repeat markers CHR1027 and CHR1030 on the long arm of chromosome 10. The target gene cosegregated with molecular markers CHR1028 and CHR1029. There were five predicted genes in the mapped region. The results from sequencing analysis revealed that there was one base deletion in the first exon of LOC_Os10g26340 encoding cytochrome P450 CYP78A11 in the pla1-5 mutant, which might result in a downstream frame shift and premature termination. These results suggest that the P450 CYP78A11 gene is the candidate gene of PLA1-5.

1-(2-Methacryloyloxy)ethyl-3-butylimidazolium bromide, a kind of functional ionic liquid containing ester group, was synthesized by two synthesis methods, denoted as thermal heating method and ultrasonic-assisted method. The optimal synthesis condition of the thermal heating method is discussed. Comparison of the two methods shows that ultrasound significantly enhances the efficiency of the reaction. The ultrasonic-assisted method is quite promising in synthesis of ionic liquids with mild condition and high efficiency.

A novel computational paradigm for clustering complex database objects extracted from distributed database settings via well-understood OLAP technology is proposed and experimentally assessed in this paper. This paradigm conveys in the so-called ClustCube cubes, which define a novel multidimensional data cube model according to which (data) cubes store clustered complex database objects rather than conventional SQL-based aggregations. A major contribution of this research is represented by effective and efficient algorithms for computing ClustCube cubes that, surprisingly, are capable of reducing computational efforts significantly with respect to traditional approaches. Our analytical contribution is completed by a comprehensive assessment of proposed algorithms against both benchmark and real-life data sets, which clearly confirms the benefits deriving from our proposal.