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The primary objective of this study was to assess the influence of exercise interventions on cancer-related fatigue (CRF), specifically in breast cancer patients, with the ultimate goal of establishing an optimal exercise prescription for breast cancer patients. A comprehensive search was undertaken across multiple databases, including Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus, covering data published up to 1 September 2023. A meta-analysis was conducted to calculate the standardized mean difference (SMD) along with its corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI), thereby quantifying the effectiveness of exercise in alleviating CRF in the breast cancer patient population. Twenty-six studies met the inclusion criteria. Aerobic exercise (SMD, −0.17, p = 0.02), resistance exercise (SMD, −0.37, p = 0.0009), and combined exercise (SMD, −0.53, p < 0.0001) significantly improved CRF in breast cancer patients. In addition, exercise intervention conducted ≥3 times per week (SMD, −0.47, p = 0.0001) for >60 min per session (SMD, −0.63, p < 0.0001) and ≥180 min per week (SMD, −0.79, p < 0.0001) had greater effects on improving CRF in breast cancer patients, especially middle-aged patients (SMD, −0.42, p < 0.0001). Exercise is an effective approach to improving CRF in breast cancer patients. When devising an exercise program, the primary consideration should be the incorporation of combined exercise as the principal intervention. This entails ensuring that participants engage in the program at least three times weekly, with each session lasting for more than 60 min. The ultimate aim is to achieve a total weekly exercise duration of 180 min by progressively increasing the frequency of exercise sessions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a novel peracetic acid (PAA)-based advanced oxidation process using Mn 3 O 4 as a catalyst was proposed. A thorough sulfamethoxazole (SMX) removal could be achieved within 12 min in Mn 3 O 4 /PAA system at neutral pH. The characterization results of fresh and used Mn 3 O 4 suggested that ≡Mn(II), ≡Mn(III) and ≡Mn(IV) on Mn 3 O 4 were the Mn species for PAA activation, constituting the redox cycles of ≡Mn(II)/≡Mn(III) and ≡Mn(III)/≡Mn(IV) simultaneously. Organic radicals (i.e., CH 3 C(O)O • and CH 3 C(O)OO • ) were verified to be the dominant reactive species responsible for SMX degradation in Mn 3 O 4 /PAA system by radical scavenging experiments. The neutral condition was the most favorable pH for SMX removal in Mn 3 O 4 /PAA system and the increase of PAA or Mn 3 O 4 dosage could enhance SMX degradation. Presence of HCO 3 - and natural organic matter (NOM) could inhibit SMX degradation, while Cl - , NO 3 - and SO 4 2- had a negligible effect on SMX removal. The thorough SMX removal in successive experiments and characterization results of used Mn 3 O 4 suggested the good reusability and stability of Mn 3 O 4 for PAA activation. Based on six detected transformation products of SMX, hydroxylation, nitration, bond cleavage and coupling reaction were proposed to be its degradation pathways in Mn 3 O 4 /PAA system., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)