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Background: Sepsis is a significant contributor to both intensive care unit (ICU) admissions and mortality among patients in ICU, with a rising prevalence of obesity. There is a lack of extensive research on the correlation between TyGI and findings in patients with sepsis, especially in obese patients. Methods: This study used a retrospective cohort design and included patients with sepsis (≥18 years) from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database. The association between TyGI and outcome was examined using multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results: 8,840 patients with sepsis were included in the analysis. The in-ICU mortality rate was 9.7%. Non-survivors exhibited significantly greater TyGI levels than survivors [9.19(8.76–9.71) vs. 9.10(8.67–9.54), p < 0.001]. The adjusted multivariate regression model showed that elevated TyGI values were linked to a greater likelihood of death in ICU (odds ratio [OR] range 1.072–1.793, p < 0.001) and hospital (OR range 1.068–1.445, p = 0.005). Restricted Cubic Spline analysis revealed a nonlinear association between TyGI and in-ICU and in-hospital mortality risks within specified ranges. Subgroup analysis revealed interaction effects in the general obesity, abdominal obesity, and impaired fasting glucose subgroups (p = 0.014, 0.016, and < 0.001, respectively). Conclusion: TyGI was associated with an increased sepsis-related short-term mortality risk and adverse outcomes after ICU admission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Here, Bi3+, Er3+ co‐activated gadolinium phosphors with multimode emission properties are prepared, which can emits blue, green, and orange light under the excitation of ultraviolet, 980 and 1550 nm, respectively. Moreover, BaGd2O4:Bi3+, Er3+ can show multicolor luminescence under different excitation conditions, such as pump light source, ambient temperature, working current, and other factors. Based on the dynamic luminescence characteristics, the dynamic anti‐counterfeiting experiments are designed based on the phosphor. At the same time, the material also shows multimode temperature sensing characteristics. Under the excitation of 980 nm laser, three strong up‐conversion signals Er3+ ions are generated at 528 nm (2H11/2), 555 nm (4S3/2), and 668 nm (4F9/2), which have different temperature dependences. Based on the fluorescence intensity ratio between thermal‐coupled energy levels (2H11/2/4S3/2) and nonthermal‐coupled energy levels (2H11/2/4F9/2) of Er3+ ions, respectively, the dual‐mode temperature thermometer was constructed with high‐temperature sensitivity. In addition, the fluorescence lifetime of Bi3+ ions also has a strong temperature dependence, which can be used as another temperature detection signal, greatly improving the stability of thermometers under harsh conditions. Therefore, the material has a bright prospect in the field of anti‐counterfeiting and temperature sensing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Here, a "chemical unit co-substitution" method is used to improve the near-infrared (NIR) emission of phosphors, using [Zn2+–Ge4+] to co-substitute [Ga3+–Ga3+] sites to reduce crystal field splitting to affect the structure of gallium oxide. A series of broadband NIR phosphors are synthesized by a high-temperature solid-phase method, and their phase structures, crystal structures, morphologies, diffuse reflectance spectra, and luminescence lifetimes are investigated. The Ga1.68(Zn–Ge)0.3O3:0.02Cr3+ (GZGOC) phosphor exhibits NIR wide-band emission, with a peak wavelength of 766 nm and a half-width of 138 nm. Meanwhile, the quantum yield of photoluminescence can reach 81.2%. The phosphor has good thermal stability. When the temperature reaches 373 K, its emission intensity still remains at 73.4% of that at room temperature. A 460 nm LED chip and this phosphor are used to fabricate a phosphor-converted light emitting diode (pc-LED) device which can be used as a NIR light source. All these results show the application potential of the as-prepared phosphor in NIR imaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Smart theranostic nanoprobes with the integration of multiple therapeutic modalities are preferred for precise diagnosis and efficient therapy of tumors. However, it remains a big challenge to arrange the imaging and two or more kinds of therapeutic agents without weakening the intended performances. In addition, most existing fluorescence (FL) imaging agents suffer from low spatiotemporal resolution due to the short emission wavelength (<900 nm). Here, novel three-in-one Ag 2 S quantum dot (QD)-based smart theranostic nanoprobes were proposed for in situ ratiometric NIR-II FL imaging-guided ion/gas combination therapy of tumors. Under the acidic tumor microenvironment, three-in-one Ag 2 S QDs underwent destructive degradation, generating toxic Ag + and H 2 S. Meanwhile, their FL emission at 1270 nm was weakened. Upon introduction of a downconversion nanoparticle (DCNP) as the delivery carrier and NIR-II FL reference signal unit, the formed Ag 2 S QD-based theranostic nanoprobes could achieve precise diagnosis of tumors through ratiometric NIR-II FL signals. Also, the generated Ag + and H 2 S enabled specific ion/gas combination therapy toward tumors. By combining the imaging and therapeutic functions, three-in-one Ag 2 S QDs may open a simple yet reliable avenue to design theranostic nanoprobes.

Here, a "chemical unit co-substitution" method is used to improve the near-infrared (NIR) emission of phosphors, using [Zn 2+ -Ge 4+ ] to co-substitute [Ga 3+ -Ga 3+ ] sites to reduce crystal field splitting to affect the structure of gallium oxide. A series of broadband NIR phosphors are synthesized by a high-temperature solid-phase method, and their phase structures, crystal structures, morphologies, diffuse reflectance spectra, and luminescence lifetimes are investigated. The Ga 1.68 (Zn-Ge) 0.3 O 3 :0.02Cr 3+ (GZGOC) phosphor exhibits NIR wide-band emission, with a peak wavelength of 766 nm and a half-width of 138 nm. Meanwhile, the quantum yield of photoluminescence can reach 81.2%. The phosphor has good thermal stability. When the temperature reaches 373 K, its emission intensity still remains at 73.4% of that at room temperature. A 460 nm LED chip and this phosphor are used to fabricate a phosphor-converted light emitting diode (pc-LED) device which can be used as a NIR light source. All these results show the application potential of the as-prepared phosphor in NIR imaging.

Down/upconversion Ca 14 Al 10 Zn 6 O 35 inorganic phosphors codoped with Ti 4+ /Eu 3+ or Yb 3+ /Er 3+ were prepared. The crystal structure and downconversion luminescence properties of Ca 14 Al 10 Zn 6 O 35 :Ti 4+ , Eu 3+ phosphors were studied in detail. Ti 4+ and Eu 3+ occupied Al 3+ and Ca 2+ sites in the host lattice, respectively. Under the excitation of 273 nm, the emission peak in the 300-570 nm band originated from the 2 T 2 → O 2- transition of Ti 4+ . The f-f transition of Eu 3+ ions generated multiple peaks in the 570-800 nm range. The emission intensity of Ti 4+ and Eu 3+ ions can be used as a fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) signal. Based on the FIR technology, the maximum relative sensitivity ( S r ) and the minimum temperature uncertainty (δ T ) reached 1.41% K -1 and 0.07 K, respectively. Meanwhile, the temperature-sensing behaviors were explored by the temperature-dependent upconversion spectra of Er 3+ - and Yb 3+ -codoped Ca 14 Al 10 Zn 6 O 35 phosphors. Based on the fluorescence intensity ratio of thermal coupling levels (Er 3+ : 2 H 11/2 / 4 S 3/2 ), the maximum S r and minimum δ T of upconversion phosphors reached 1.28% K -1 and 0.08 K in the temperature range of 293-473 K, respectively. Ca 14 Al 10 Zn 6 O 35 :Ti 4+ /Eu 3+ (Yb 3+ /Er 3+ ) phosphors realize temperature sensors with higher relative sensitivity, and it is a good candidate material for optical temperature measurement.