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In the current steel production process, occasional flaws within the billet are somewhat inevitable. Overlooking these flaws can compromise the quality of the resulting steel products. To address and mark these flaws for further handling, Magnetic Particle Testing (MT) in conjunction with machine vision is commonly utilized. This method identifies flaws on the billet's surface and subsequently marks them via a device, eliminating the need for manual intervention. However, certain processes, such as magnetic particle cleaning, require substantial spacing between the vision system and the marking device. This extended distance can lead to shifts in the billet position, thereby potentially affecting the precision of flaw marking. In response to this challenge, we developed a detection-marking system consisting of 2D cameras, a manipulator, and an integrated 3D camera to accurately pinpoint the flaw's location. Importantly, this system can be integrated into active production lines without causing disruptions. Experimental assessments on dynamic billets substantiated the system's efficacy and feasibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Estuary bays are vulnerable to salinization effects due to relative sea level rise and modification in upland hydrology owing to a variety of factors. Much research has evaluated the one‐sided effect of runoff discharge or sea level on the water exchange and saltwater intrusion for an estuary, while their combined effects have not been evaluated, especially for an estuary bay with narrow river mouth. Taking the Wanquan Estuary Bay (WEB), China, as study case, this paper has revealed the long‐term significant increasing trend of freshwater runoff in non‐flood season during years 1956–2017 using the Man‐Kendall trend analysis, robust principle component regression and Theil–Sen's estimator. A 3‐D hydrodynamic‐salinity‐tracer numerical model is built and calibrated based on the finite‐volume community ocean model, and the effects of runoff increase and sea level rise on the water exchange and saltwater intrusion are investigated. This paper shows the following: (1) The freshwater runoff during non‐flood season in WEB shows significant long‐term increasing trend, and the mean changing magnitude is 0.4546 m3/s/a. (2) The increased runoff accelerates the water exchange, and reduces the turn‐over time and saltwater intrusion in the WEB. The sea level rise reduces the water exchange and increase the saltwater intrusion. (3) For the estuary bay with narrow river mouth, the salinity distributions show more vertical stratification characteristics. The freshwater runoff has power relationships with the average turnover time and salinity, and the sea level has linear relationships. (4) The water exchange and salinity of an estuary bay is more vulnerable to the changed runoff than the sea level rise, while the impacts of sea level rise would increase for estuaries with wide river mouth. This paper provides support for the freshwater exploitation and utilization in estuary bay under the background of climate change and sea level rise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Promoting the diffusion of remediation technologies is an attractive solution to environmental protection and urban sustainability challenges. To better understand technology diffusion, we reviewed the engineering practices of cement kiln co-processing (CKC) of contaminated soil and obtained diffusion parameters using the Bass model in three provinces of China. Our results show that CKC has been adopted for the disposal of multiple contaminants and that the optimal feed rate of contaminated soil is 4–5%. The obtained diffusion parameters can be used to analyze and predict CKC diffusion. Driving factors analysis suggest that CKC diffusion is regulation-driven and obeys the S-curve pattern. Policies at the national level shape the basic pattern of the diffusion curve, while local policies, market scales, and contaminant types produce variations in diffusion rates across provinces. Results also reveal that the co-processing quota management on contaminated soil has little impact on CKC adoption. This study provides insights into contaminated soil remediation technology diffusion and the effectiveness of environmental policy implementation at home and abroad. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A therapeutic antibody candidate (AT-19) isolated using multivalent phage display binds native tomoregulin (TR) as a multimer not as a monomer. This report raises the importance of screening and selecting [...]