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Research on the interfacial instability of two‐phase systems can help in gaining a better understanding of various hydrodynamic instabilities in nature. However, owing to the nonlinear and complex spatiotemporal dynamics of the unstable interface, the instability is challenging to control and suppress. This paper presents a novel interfacial instability of the magnetic microswarm induced by the competition between the destabilizing effect of magnetic field and the stabilizing effect of acoustic field. The physics underlying this novel phenomenon is discussed by analyzing the contributions of the external fields. Unlike previous studies, this study demonstrates that the instability is independent of the interfacial force or diffusion effect and can persist without dissipation over time. The manipulation of the unstable interface is further achieved by adjusting the configuration of the magneto‐acoustic system. This approach can be used in thermal encoding metamaterials and has great potential applications in systems where the instability is detrimental. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the risk factors of enterostomy in infants with Hirschsprung' s disease (HSCR) to facilitate timely evaluation of the condition and the clinical decision-making on the timing of intervention. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the data of 201 infants diagnosed with HSCR in our hospital between January, 2013 and January, 2019. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the clinical data and laboratory test results of the patients to identify the risk factors of enterostomy. Results The incidence of enterostomy was 22.4% in these infants. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that lowered serum albumin level (OR = 0. 737, 95% CI: 0. 633 - 0. 857, P = 0. 000), abnormal stool routine (OR = 10. 634, 95% CI: 3. 016-37. 502, P = 0. 000), procalcitonin (PCT) level >2 ng /mL (OR = 9. 954, 95% CI: 2. 517-39. 368, P = 0. 001), and right-sided HSCR (OR = 4. 307, 95% CI: 1. 417-13. 092, P = 0. 010) were risk factors for enterostomy in infants. Conclusion A lowed serum albumin level, abnormal stool routine, a PCT level > 2 ng /mL and right-sided HSCR are risk factors for enterostomy in infants with HSCR.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of percutaneous local injection of 0.1% pingyangmycin for treatment of oral vascular malformation in children. Methods This retrospective study was conducted among 56 children with oral vascular malformation with complete clinical and follow-up data, who received treatment by percutaneous injection of 0.1% pingyangmycin between January, 2009 and December, 2015. In all the cases the dose of pingyangmycin was determined based on the size, depth and location of the tumors. The patients received the injections at the interval of 2-4 weeks, and in each case the number of the injections ranged from 1 to 16. The patients were followed up for 2 years after the last treatment to evaluate the therapeutic effects and adverse events related to the treatment. Results All the 56 children completed the whole treatment course. Forty-eight of the patients showed favorable response to the treatment, and 45 were basically cured; 7 patients failed to respond to the treatment. During the treatment, 4 patients experienced local ulcer and pigmentation; none of the patients showed severe adverse events related to the injections. The basic cure rate in these children was higher than the average rate reported in previous studies. Conclusion Percutaneous local injection of 0.1% pingyangmycin is a safe, effective and convenient treatment for oral vascular malformation in children.

The development of space robots is vital to broadening human cognitive boundaries. Space robots have been deployed in space science experiments, extravehicular operations, and deep space exploration. The application of space robots undoubtedly reduces the risk and cost of space activities. Traditional space robots primarily utilize rigid structures, resulting in limited degrees of freedom, which restricts their operational capabilities. In contrast, soft robots with greater flexibility and robustness may be used for future space exploration. Soft robots applied in space environments must overcome significant challenges associated with ultrahigh vacuum, microgravity, extreme temperatures, and high‐energy radiation. Herein, a comprehensive analysis of the key advantages of soft robots is presented based on the special requirements of the space environments for soft robots. Furthermore, brief insights into how soft robots must be changed in terms of their design, modeling, fabrication, sensing, and control to adapt to space environments are discussed. Specifically, soft robot scenarios with potential space application value are introduced. Finally, opinions regarding the potential directions of soft space robots are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scarcity of stiff, yet compliant, materials is a major obstacle toward biological‐like mechanical systems that perform precise manipulations while being resilient under excessive load. A macroscopic cellular structure comprising two pre‐stressed elastic "phases" is introduced, which displays a load‐sensitive stiffness that drops by 30 times upon a "pseudoductile transformation" and accommodates a fully recoverable compression of over 60%. This provides an exceptional 20 times more deformability beyond the linear‐elastic regime, doubling the capability of previously reported super‐elastic materials. In virtue of the pre‐stressing process based on thermal‐shrinkage, it simultaneously enables a heat‐activated self‐formation that transforms a flat laminate into the metamaterial with 50 times volumetric growth. The metamaterial is thereby inherently lightweight with a bulk density in the order of 0.01 g cm−3, which is one order of magnitude lower than existing super‐elastic materials. Besides the highly programmable geometrical and mechanical characteristics, this paper is the first to present a method that generates single‐crystal or poly‐crystal‐like 3D lattices with anisotropic or isotropic super‐elasticity. This pre‐stress‐induced adaptive stiffness with high deformability could be a step toward in situ deployed ultra‐lightweight mechanical systems with a diverse range of applications that benefit from being stiff and compliant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The self‐assembly of nanomotors is important for the production of materials with functional optical, mechanical and conductive properties. Yet, self‐assembly methods are limited by their slow kinetics and limited scale. Here we report a light‐induced method that yields a large‐scale predefined pattern constructed by self‐organization of nanomotors. The propulsion mechanism has been analyzed to create a matched experimental device, and numerical simulations are used to explore the dynamic energy‐conversion processes. We propose a sizable template fabricating method, which paves the way for new possibilities in surface science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]