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99 results on '"Zhou, Dejiang"'

1. Scintillation velocity and arc observations of FRB 20201124A

Author

Wu, Ziwei, Zhu, Weiwei, Zhang, Bing, Feng, Yi, Han, JinLin, Li, Di, Li, Dongzi, Luo, Rui, Niu, Chenhui, Niu, Jiarui, Wang, Bojun, Wang, Fayin, Wang, Pei, Wang, Weiyang, Xu, Heng, Yang, Yuanpei, Zhang, Yongkun, Zhou, Dejiang, Zhu, Yuhao, Deng, Can-Min, and Xu, Yonghua

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We present the scintillation velocity measurements of FRB~20201124A from the FAST observations, which reveal an annual variation. This annual variation is further supported by changes detected in the scintillation arc as observed from the secondary spectrum. We attribute the annual velocity variation to the presence of a moderately anisotropic scattering screen located at a distance of 0.4$\pm$0.1~kpc from Earth. Our results prove that the scintillation of this FRB is mainly caused by material close to Earth on a Galactic scale. However, scintillation observations of other FRBs may expose their surrounding environment or uncover possible orbital motion if scintillation is caused by materials in their host galaxy., Comment: 4 figures, 1 tables, accepted for publication in ApJL

Published
2024

2. A radio pulsar phase from SGR J1935+2154 provides clues to the magnetar FRB mechanism

Author

Zhu, Weiwei, Xu, Heng, Zhou, Dejiang, Lin, Lin, Wang, Bojun, Wang, Pei, Zhang, Chunfeng, Niu, Jiarui, Chen, Yutong, Li, Chengkui, Meng, Lingqi, Lee, Kejia, Zhang, Bing, Feng, Yi, Ge, Mingyu, Göğüş, Ersin, Guan, Xing, Han, Jinlin, Jiang, Jinchen, Jiang, Peng, Kouveliotou, Chryssa, Li, Di, Miao, Chenchen, Miao, Xueli, Men, Yunpeng, Niu, Chenghui, Wang, Weiyang, Wang, Zhengli, Xu, Jiangwei, Xu, Renxin, Xue, Mengyao, Yang, Yuanpei, Yu, Wenfei, Yuan, Mao, Yue, Youling, Zhang, Shuangnan, and Zhang, Yongkun

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

The megajansky radio burst, FRB 20200428, and other bright radio bursts detected from the Galactic source SGR J1935+2154 suggest that magnetars can make fast radio bursts (FRBs), but the emission site and mechanism of FRB-like bursts are still unidentified. Here we report the emergence of a radio pulsar phase of the magnetar five months after FRB 20200428. 795 pulses were detected in 16.5 hours over 13 days by the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio telescope, with luminosities about eight decades fainter than FRB 20200428. The pulses were emitted in a narrow phase window anti-aligned with the X-ray pulsation profile observed by the X-ray telescopes. The bursts, conversely, appear in random phases. This dichotomy suggests that radio pulses originate from a fixed region within the magnetosphere, but bursts occur in random locations and are possibly associated with explosive events in a dynamically evolving magnetosphere. This picture reconciles the lack of periodicity in cosmological repeating FRBs within the magnetar engine model., Comment: published on Science Advances, the authors' version

Published
2023
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3. Pulsar Candidate Classification Using A Computer Vision Method Combining with Convolution and Attention

Author

Cai, NanNan, Han, JinLin, Jing, WeiCong, Zhang, ZeKai, Zhou, DeJiang, and Chen, Xue

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

Artificial intelligence methods are indispensable to identifying pulsars from large amounts of candidates. We develop a new pulsar identification system that utilizes the CoAtNet to score two-dimensional features of candidates, uses a multilayer perceptron to score one-dimensional features, and uses logistic regression to judge the scores above. In the data preprocessing stage, we performed two feature fusions separately, one for one-dimensional features and the other for two-dimensional features, which are used as inputs for the multilayer perceptron and the CoAtNet respectively. The newly developed system achieves 98.77\% recall, 1.07\% false positive rate and 98.85\% accuracy in our GPPS test set., Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures, 5 tables

Published
2023

4. Frequency-dependent polarization of repeating fast radio bursts-implications for their origin

Author

Feng, Yi, Li, Di, Yang, Yuan-Pei, Zhang, Yongkun, Zhu, Weiwei, Zhang, Bing, Lu, Wenbin, Wang, Pei, Dai, Shi, Lynch, Ryan S., Yao, Jumei, Jiang, Jinchen, Niu, Jiarui, Zhou, Dejiang, Xu, Heng, Miao, Chenchen, Niu, Chenhui, Meng, Lingqi, Qian, Lei, Tsai, Chao-Wei, Wang, Bojun, Xue, Mengyao, Yue, Youling, Yuan, Mao, Zhang, Songbo, and Zhang, Lei

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

The polarization of fast radio bursts (FRBs), bright astronomical transients, contains crucial information about their environments. We report polarization measurements of five repeating FRBs, the abundant signals of which enable wide-band observations with two telescopes. A clear trend of lower polarization at lower frequencies was found, which can be well characterized by a single parameter rotation-measure-scatter ({\sigma}RM) and modeled by multi-path scatter. Sources with higher {\sigma}RM have higher RM magnitude and scattering timescales. The two sources with the most substantial {\sigma}RM, FRB 20121102A and FRB 20190520B, are associated with a compact persistent radio source. These properties indicate a complex environment near the repeating FRBs, such as a supernova remnant or a pulsar wind nebula, consistent with their arising from young populations.

Published
2022
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7. A radio pulsar phase from SGR J1935+2154 provides clues to the magnetar FRB mechanism

Author

Zhu, Weiwei, primary, Xu, Heng, additional, Zhou, Dejiang, additional, Lin, Lin, additional, Wang, Bojun, additional, Wang, Pei, additional, Zhang, Chunfeng, additional, Niu, Jiarui, additional, Chen, Yutong, additional, Li, Chengkui, additional, Meng, Lingqi, additional, Lee, Kejia, additional, Zhang, Bing, additional, Feng, Yi, additional, Ge, Mingyu, additional, Göğüş, Ersin, additional, Guan, Xing, additional, Han, Jinlin, additional, Jiang, Jinchen, additional, Jiang, Peng, additional, Kouveliotou, Chryssa, additional, Li, Di, additional, Miao, Chenchen, additional, Miao, Xueli, additional, Men, Yunpeng, additional, Niu, Chenghui, additional, Wang, Weiyang, additional, Wang, Zhengli, additional, Xu, Jiangwei, additional, Xu, Renxin, additional, Xue, Mengyao, additional, Yang, Yuanpei, additional, Yu, Wenfei, additional, Yuan, Mao, additional, Yue, Youling, additional, Zhang, Shuangnan, additional, and Zhang, Yongkun, additional

Published
2023
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9. Control Protocol and Self-adaptive Mechanism for Live Virtual Machine Migration over XIA

Author

Zhang, Dalu, Jin, Xiang, Zhou, Dejiang, Wang, Jianpeng, Zhu, Jiaqi, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Kobsa, Alfred, Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Hsu, Ching-Hsien, editor, Shi, Xuanhua, editor, and Salapura, Valentina, editor

Published
2014
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10. Full and Live Virtual Machine Migration over XIA

Author

Zhang, Dalu, Jin, Xiang, Zhou, Dejiang, Wang, Jianpeng, Zhu, Jiaqi, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Kobsa, Alfred, Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Sun, Xian-he, editor, Qu, Wenyu, editor, Stojmenovic, Ivan, editor, Zhou, Wanlei, editor, Li, Zhiyang, editor, Guo, Hua, editor, Min, Geyong, editor, Yang, Tingting, editor, Wu, Yulei, editor, and Liu, Lei, editor

Published
2014
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13. Reduced breakdown voltage for in-liquid plasma discharges using moveable electrodes

Author

Zhou, Rusen, Liu, Baowang, Li, Yiyang, Zhou, Renwu, Li, Wenshao, Hong, Jungmi, Zhang, Tianqi, Zhou, Dejiang, Xian, Yubin, Cullen, Patrick J., Lu, Xinpei, Ostrikov, Kostya, Zhou, Rusen, Liu, Baowang, Li, Yiyang, Zhou, Renwu, Li, Wenshao, Hong, Jungmi, Zhang, Tianqi, Zhou, Dejiang, Xian, Yubin, Cullen, Patrick J., Lu, Xinpei, and Ostrikov, Kostya

Abstract

Minimizing the breakdown voltage and discharge current required to initiate direct in-liquid discharges, thus lowering power-source requirements and avoiding electrode ablation, is crucial for industrial applications of in-liquid plasmas. Here we demonstrate such considerable reductions by employing movable electrodes, without changing the electrode configuration or increasing the system complexity. The new mechanism is based on electrostatic electrode attraction resulting in a reduction in the discharge spacing by up to 6 times and facilitating a plasma initiation at lower breakdown voltages. The accumulated charges consumed by the discharge revert the electrodes to the initial positions, forming a gliding arc between the enlarged gaps and thus inhibiting current increases and electrode ablation.

Published
2022

15. Frequency-dependent polarization of repeating fast radio bursts—implications for their origin

Author

Feng, Yi, primary, Li, Di, additional, Yang, Yuan-Pei, additional, Zhang, Yongkun, additional, Zhu, Weiwei, additional, Zhang, Bing, additional, Lu, Wenbin, additional, Wang, Pei, additional, Dai, Shi, additional, Lynch, Ryan S., additional, Yao, Jumei, additional, Jiang, Jinchen, additional, Niu, Jiarui, additional, Zhou, Dejiang, additional, Xu, Heng, additional, Miao, Chenchen, additional, Niu, Chenhui, additional, Meng, Lingqi, additional, Qian, Lei, additional, Tsai, Chao-Wei, additional, Wang, Bojun, additional, Xue, Mengyao, additional, Yue, Youling, additional, Yuan, Mao, additional, Zhang, Songbo, additional, and Zhang, Lei, additional

Published
2022
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21. Plasma-enabled liquid ethanol conversion for hydrogen production: Discharge characteristics and process control

Author

Li, Yiyang, Zhou, Rusen, Qi, Fei, Zhou, Dejiang, Zhou, Renwu, Wan, Jianjian, Xian, Yubin, Cullen, Patrick J., Lu, Xinpei, Ken Ostrikov, Kostya, Li, Yiyang, Zhou, Rusen, Qi, Fei, Zhou, Dejiang, Zhou, Renwu, Wan, Jianjian, Xian, Yubin, Cullen, Patrick J., Lu, Xinpei, and Ken Ostrikov, Kostya

Abstract

Recent years have witnessed successful applications of non-thermal plasmas (NTPs) as efficient and flexible tools for direct conversion of liquid alcohols into higher-value energy carriers at mild or even near-room-temperature conditions. Better understanding of the fundamental physical properties of the liquid alcohol discharges is needed for development and optimization of NTP-based applications. Here we investigate the discharge characteristics of a plasma-based liquid ethanol conversion under different process parameters and reveal the general trends of the discharge behavior. Two discharge modes, namely the self-pulsed and direct current (DC) modes, are sustained during the in-liquid discharge. These two modes can be easily interchanged and flexibly controlled by adjusting the processing parameters. The behavior of the bubbles generated during the discharge plays an important role in the transition between the discharge modes. When the discharge is sustained with the diffusion and floating of the bubbles, the DC mode is observed. Otherwise, the discharge develops into the pulse mode. The production rates and composition of the gaseous products are also shown to depend on the discharge modes.

Published
2020

22. Adaptive immune response of Vγ2Vδ[2.sup.+] T cells during mycobacterial infections. (Reports)

Author

Shen, Yun, Zhou, Dejiang, Qiu, Liyou, Lai, Xioamin, Simon, Meredith, Shen, Ling, Kou, Zhongchen, Wang, Qifan, Jiang, Liming, Estep, Jim, Hunt, Robert, Clagett, Michelle, Sehgal, Prabhat K., Li, Yunyaun, Zeng, Xuejun, Morita, Craig T., Brenner, Michael B., Letvin, Norman L., and Chen, Zheng W.

Subjects
T cells -- Receptors, Immunological research -- Research -- Physiological aspects -- Usage, Antigen receptors, T cell -- Physiological aspects -- Research -- Usage, Mycobacterial infections -- Physiological aspects -- Research, Monkeys as laboratory animals -- Usage -- Physiological aspects -- Research, Science and technology, Physiological aspects, Usage, Research
Abstract

To examine the role of T cell receptor (TCR) in γδ T cells in adaptive immunity, a macaque model was used to follow Vγ2Vδ[2.sup.+] T cells responses to mycobacterial infections. These phosphoantigen-specific γδ T cells displayed major expansion during Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) infection and a clear memory-type response after BCG reinfection. Primary and recall expansions of Vγ2Vδ[2.sup.+] T cells were also seen during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection of naive and BCG-vaccinated macaques, respectively. This capacity to rapidly expand coincided with a clearance of BCG bacteremia and immunity to fatal tuberculosis in BCG-vaccinated macaques. Thus, Vγ2Vδ[2.sup.+] T cells may contribute to adaptive immunity to mycobacterial infections., The majority of circulating γδ T cells in humans express a TCR heterodimer comprised of Vγ2 and Vδ2 segments. Recent in vitro studies have demonstrated that human Vγ2Vδ[2.sup.+] T cells [...]

Published
2002

23. Value of Liver Regeneration in Predicting Short-Term Prognosis for Patients with Hepatitis B-Related Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure

Author

Wang, Xiaoping, primary, Sun, Mengying, additional, Yang, Xianjun, additional, Gao, Liucun, additional, Weng, Min, additional, Yang, Dehui, additional, Li, Hongyong, additional, Zhou, Xiaolei, additional, Li, Jiani, additional, Qin, Sen, additional, Zhou, Dejiang, additional, Wu, Xiaoling, additional, Tang, Shanhong, additional, and Zeng, Weizheng, additional

Published
2020
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25. Chunk mode VM migration in XIA and triple-way pipeline for performance optimization

Author

Zhang Dalu, Zhou Dejiang, and Jin Xiang

Subjects
Computer Networks and Communications, business.industry, computer.internet_protocol, Computer science, Routing table, Testbed, 020207 software engineering, Cloud computing, 02 engineering and technology, computer.software_genre, Pipeline (software), Internet protocol suite, Hardware and Architecture, Virtual machine, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Operating system, Overhead (computing), 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, The Internet, business, computer, Software, Computer network
Abstract

Traditional TCP/IP network is showing lots of shortages and research for future networks is becoming a hotspot. FIA (Future Internet Architecture) and FIA-NP (Next Phase) are supported by US NSF for future Internet designing. Moreover, virtual machine migration is a significant technique in cloud computing. As a network application, it should also be supported in XIA (eXpressive Internet Architecture), which is in both FIA and FIA-NP projects. Current research just achieved to conduct VM migration in XIA, but the performance is not satisfactory. In this paper, we firstly present three methods including DAG design and routing table modification to maintain VMs connectivity and communication states, concerning performance and overhead. VM migration experiments are conducted intra-AD, inter-AD and across IP network with KVM instances. The procedure is achieved by a migration control protocol which is suitable for the characters of XIA. Secondly, we propose a triple-way pipeline to improve the performance of chunk mode data transfer and greatly reduce total migration time and downtime. Evaluation results show that our solutions can well supports full live VM migration over XIA network respectively, keeping services seamless and performance improved. Furthermore, the optimization scheme can greatly improve the speed of VM migration, especially on XIA testbed. A data transfer method with chunk mode in XIA is used for VM live migration.DAG design and routing table modification methods are proposed for solving the communication recovery problem.A triple-way pipeline is proposed to reduce total migration time and downtime.Experiments are taken for taking comparison between original solution and Triple-way Pipeline.

Published
2017

29. A content-adaptive video quality assessment method for online media service

Author

Jin Xiang, Zhang Dalu, and Zhou Dejiang

Subjects
Multimedia, Computer Networks and Communications, business.industry, Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, Quality of service, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 020207 software engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Video quality, computer.software_genre, Video compression picture types, Hardware and Architecture, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Media Technology, The Internet, Quality (business), PEVQ, business, computer, Software, Subjective video quality, media_common
Abstract

Video quality assessment is an important issue for Internet Content Providers (ICPs) to improve their service. Some research has been done on objective video quality assessment, but real-time evaluation is still a difficult task. This paper discusses a real-time content-adaptive evaluation method to evaluate the Quality of Experiment (QoE) for online media services. The method is named as Motion Degree of Video Content (MDVC) which is defined to make the video content measureable and computable. It analyzes the relationship between the information entropy gain and the frame size of I, P and B frames, and then evaluates the motion degree of a video clip. Then with the help of a multimedia service simulation platform, a QoE evaluation model is established to map network QoS to QoE. The model is adjusted by MDVC so as to fit different video content dynamically. In particular, to ensure that the evaluation model fits the real-world conditions, PlanetLab is adopted to monitor the real QoS on Internet. Finally we compare the content-adaptive QoE evaluation model with the actual MOS values to verify the feasibility and fitness of the model. Results show that the correlation coefficient reaches 0.91.

Published
2016

34. Control Protocol and Self-adaptive Mechanism for Live Virtual Machine Migration over XIA

Author

Jin Xiang, Wang Jianpeng, Jiaqi Zhu, Zhou Dejiang, and Zhang Dalu

Subjects
business.industry, Computer science, computer.internet_protocol, Cloud computing, computer.software_genre, Internet protocol suite, Mobile IP, Virtual machine, The Internet, business, Protocol (object-oriented programming), computer, Administrative domain, Computer network, Live migration
Abstract

FIA (Future Internet Architecture) is supported by US NSF for future Internet designing. XIA is one of the projects which comply with clean slate concept thoroughly. Meanwhile, virtual machine migration technique is crucial in cloud computing. As a network application, VM migration should also be supported in XIA. This paper is an experimental study aims at verifying the feasibility of VM migration over XIA. We primarily present intra-AD (Administrative Domain) and inter-AD VM migration with KVM instances. The procedure is achieved by a migration control protocol which is suitable for the characters of XIA architecture. Moreover, an elementary self-adaptive mechanism is introduced to maintain VM connectivity and connection states. It is also beneficial for VM migration in TCP/IP network. Evaluation results show that our solution well supports live VM migration in XIA and all the communications leading to VM can be kept uninterrupted after migration.

Published
2014

35. Full and Live Virtual Machine Migration over XIA

Author

Wang Jianpeng, Zhou Dejiang, Jiaqi Zhu, Jin Xiang, and Zhang Dalu

Subjects
Service (systems architecture), computer.internet_protocol, Computer science, business.industry, Cloud computing, computer.software_genre, law.invention, Internet protocol suite, law, Virtual machine, Internet Protocol, Scalability, Operating system, The Internet, business, computer, Protocol (object-oriented programming), Computer network
Abstract

Future network research for replacing the current network is becoming more and more imperative, since traditional TCP/IP network is showing numbers of shortcomings such as address depletion, scalability and security issues. Meanwhile, VM migration technique is crucial in cloud computing. FIA (Future Internet Architecture) projects are supported by US NSF in 2010 for future Internet design. Among the projects, XIA is the one which complies with clean slate concept thoroughly, discarding TCP/IP protocol stack. Unfortunately, its discussion on VM migration technology is imperfect. This paper is an experimental study aims at verifying the feasibility of VM migration over XIA. The procedure is managed by a migration control protocol which meets the characters of XIA. An elementary self-adaptive mechanism is introduced to maintain connectivity of VM and service connection states, which is also beneficial for VM migration in TCP/IP network. Evaluation results show that our solution can support live VM migration in XIA effectively with services uninterrupted.

Published
2014

37. A content-adaptive video quality assessment method for online media service.

Author

Zhang, Dalu, Zhou, Dejiang, and Jin, Xiang

Subjects
INTERNET content providers, ASSISTIVE computer technology, MULTIMEDIA systems, COMPUTER simulation, DIGITAL image processing
Abstract

Video quality assessment is an important issue for Internet Content Providers (ICPs) to improve their service. Some research has been done on objective video quality assessment, but real-time evaluation is still a difficult task. This paper discusses a real-time content-adaptive evaluation method to evaluate the Quality of Experiment (QoE) for online media services. The method is named as Motion Degree of Video Content (MDVC) which is defined to make the video content measureable and computable. It analyzes the relationship between the information entropy gain and the frame size of I, P and B frames, and then evaluates the motion degree of a video clip. Then with the help of a multimedia service simulation platform, a QoE evaluation model is established to map network QoS to QoE. The model is adjusted by MDVC so as to fit different video content dynamically. In particular, to ensure that the evaluation model fits the real-world conditions, PlanetLab is adopted to monitor the real QoS on Internet. Finally we compare the content-adaptive QoE evaluation model with the actual MOS values to verify the feasibility and fitness of the model. Results show that the correlation coefficient reaches 0.91. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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39. Gamma/Delta T-Cell Functional Responses Differ after Pathogenic Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Nonpathogenic Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infections

Author

Kosub, David A., primary, Lehrman, Ginger, additional, Milush, Jeffrey M., additional, Zhou, Dejiang, additional, Chacko, Elizabeth, additional, Leone, Amanda, additional, Gordon, Shari, additional, Silvestri, Guido, additional, Else, James G., additional, Keiser, Philip, additional, Jain, Mamta K., additional, and Sodora, Donald L., additional

Published
2008
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40. Virally Induced CD4+ T Cell Depletion Is Not Sufficient to Induce AIDS in a Natural Host

Author

Milush, Jeffrey M., primary, Reeves, Jacqueline D., additional, Gordon, Shari N., additional, Zhou, Dejiang, additional, Muthukumar, Alagar, additional, Kosub, David A., additional, Chacko, Elizabeth, additional, Giavedoni, Luis D., additional, Ibegbu, Chris C., additional, Cole, Kelly S., additional, Miamidian, John L., additional, Paiardini, Mirko, additional, Barry, Ashley P., additional, Staprans, Silvija I., additional, Silvestri, Guido, additional, and Sodora, Donald L., additional

Published
2007
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42. Inhibition of Adaptive Vγ2Vδ2 + T-Cell Responses during Active Mycobacterial Coinfection of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIVmac-Infected Monkeys

Author

Zhou, Dejiang, primary, Lai, Xiaomin, additional, Shen, Yun, additional, Sehgal, Prabhat, additional, Shen, Ling, additional, Simon, Meredith, additional, Qiu, Liyou, additional, Huang, Dan, additional, Du, George Z., additional, Wang, Qifan, additional, Letvin, Norman L., additional, and Chen, Zheng W., additional

Published
2003
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43. Adaptive Immune Response of Vγ2Vδ2 + T Cells During Mycobacterial Infections

Author

Shen, Yun, primary, Zhou, Dejiang, additional, Qiu, Liyou, additional, Lai, Xioamin, additional, Simon, Meredith, additional, Shen, Ling, additional, Kou, Zhongchen, additional, Wang, Qifan, additional, Jiang, Liming, additional, Estep, Jim, additional, Hunt, Robert, additional, Clagett, Michelle, additional, Sehgal, Prabhat K., additional, Li, Yunyaun, additional, Zeng, Xuejun, additional, Morita, Craig T., additional, Brenner, Michael B., additional, Letvin, Norman L., additional, and Chen, Zheng W., additional

Published
2002
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45. Antiretroviral Agents Restore Mycobacterium-Specific T-Cell Immune Responses and Facilitate Controlling a Fatal Tuberculosis-Like Disease in Macaques Coinfected with Simian Immunodeficiency Virus andMycobacterium bovisBCG

Author

Shen, Yun, primary, Shen, Ling, additional, Sehgal, Prabhat, additional, Zhou, Dejiang, additional, Simon, Meredith, additional, Miller, Michael, additional, Enimi, Emilio A., additional, Henckler, Bill, additional, Chalifoux, Laura, additional, Sehgal, Nitu, additional, Gastron, Michael, additional, Letvin, Norman L., additional, and Chen, Zheng W., additional

Published
2001
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47. Prolonged Dominance of Clonally Restricted CD4 + T Cells in Macaques Infected with Simian Immunodeficiency Viruses

Author

Chen, Zheng W., primary, Shen, Yun, additional, Kou, Zhongchen, additional, Ibegbu, Chris, additional, Zhou, Dejiang, additional, Shen, Ling, additional, Morrison, Paul, additional, Bogle, Christine, additional, McClure, Harold M., additional, Nahmias, Andre J., additional, Sehgal, Prahbat K., additional, and Letvin, Norman L., additional

Published
2000
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48. The disruption of macaque CD4 + T-cell repertoires during the early simian immunodeficiency virus infection

Author

Zhou, Dejiang, primary, Kou, ZhongChen, additional, Ibegbu, Chris, additional, Shen, Yun, additional, Lee-Parritz, David, additional, Shen, Ling, additional, Sehgal, Prabhat K., additional, McClure, Harold M., additional, Morrison, Paul, additional, Bogle, Christine, additional, Sehgal, Neetu, additional, Nahmias, Andre J., additional, and Chen, Zheng W., additional

Published
1999
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49. Mycobacterium bovisBacille Calmette-Guérin Enhances Pathogenicity of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Accelerates Progression to AIDS in Macaques: A Role of Persistent T cell Activation in AIDS Pathogenesis

Author

Zhou, Dejiang, primary, Shen, Yun, additional, Chalifoux, Laura, additional, Lee-Parritz, David, additional, Simon, Meredith, additional, Sehgal, Prabhat K., additional, Zheng, Leiya, additional, Halloran, Matilda, additional, and Chen, Zheng W., additional

Published
1999
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50. Prolonged Dominance of Clonally Restricted CD4+T Cells in Macaques Infected with Simian Immunodeficiency Viruses

Author

Chen, Zheng W., Shen, Yun, Kou, Zhongchen, Ibegbu, Chris, Zhou, Dejiang, Shen, Ling, Morrison, Paul, Bogle, Christine, McClure, Harold M., Nahmias, Andre J., Sehgal, Prahbat K., and Letvin, Norman L.

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe repertoire of functional CD4+T lymphocytes in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected individuals remains poorly understood. To explore this issue, we have examined the clonality of CD4+T cells in simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected macaques by assessing T-cell receptor complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) profiles and sequences. A dominance of CD4+T cells expressing particular CDR3 sequences was identified within certain Vß-expressing peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations in the infected monkeys. Studies were then done to explore whether these dominant CD4+T cells represented expanded antigen-specific cell subpopulations or residual cells remaining in the course of virus-induced CD4+T-cell depletion. Sequence analysis revealed that these selected CDR3-bearing CD4+T-cell clones emerged soon after infection and dominated the CD4+T-cell repertoire for up to 14 months. Moreover, inoculation of chronically infected macaques with autologous SIV-infected cell lines to transiently increase plasma viral loads in the monkeys resulted in the dominance of these selected CDR3-bearing CD4+T cells. Both the temporal association of the detection of these clonal cell populations with infection and the dominance of these cell populations following superinfection with SIV suggest that these cells may be SIV specific. Finally, the inoculation of staphylococcal enterotoxin B superantigen into SIV-infected macaques uncovered a polyclonal background underlying the few dominant CDR3-bearing CD4+T cells, demonstrating that expandable polyclonal CD4+T-cell subpopulations persist in these animals. These results support the notions that a chronic AIDS virus infection can induce clonal expansion, in addition to depletion of CD4+T cells, and that some of these clones may be SIV specific.

Published
2000
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