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Programmed cell death (PCD) is a genetically determined, active and orderly cell death in the organism, and it affects the evolution of the organism, maintenance of its homeostasis, and development of several tissues and organs. The abnormal regulation of this process is closely related to various human diseases, including cancer. The identified pathways of PCD include apoptosis, autophagy, necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis, which can be activated when cells are stimulated by various internal and external environmental factors. These pathways can induce cell death or maintain cell survival in kidney cancer cells under the regulation of various signaling molecules, thus affecting tumor progression or therapeutic efficacy. In this paper, the role of these PCD pathways in the development of kidney cancer was reviewed in light of recent research advances to provide new directions for the in-depth study of the pathogenesis of kidney cancer and the development of targeted antitumor drugs.

Porous carbon is considered as one of the most promising electrode materials for supercapacitors. In this work, we report a simple two-step preparation of porous carbon materials based on MnO2-coated and N-doped pinecone, which was synthesized by carbonization and hydrothermal process. After electrochemical analysis, the prepared 3-N-PC@MnO2 electrode exhibited optimal electrochemical performance. At a current density of 1 A/g, the specific capacitance of 3-N-PC@MnO2 was as high as 167.8 F/g in a voltage window of 0–1 V. After being assembled into an asymmetric supercapacitor with the PVA/Na2SO4 quasi-solid electrolyte under the current density of 1 A/g, the energy density could reach 20.42 Wh/kg, the power density could achieve 799.9 W/kg, and its capacitance remained 84.5% after 3000 cycles, showing remarkable electrochemical performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, as a flexible electrode material, melamine foam has attracted more and more attention from researchers in the field of wearable energy storage devices. In addition, certain components are loaded on it to improve electrochemical performance and further promote its advantages. Here, we first carbonized commercial melamine foam in N2 atmosphere to form in situ doping and then used a simple hydro-thermal reaction to uniformly load MnO2 nanosheet arrays on its three-dimensional framework. For the resulting electrode material, the specific capacitance was as high as 230.3 F/g under the current density of 1 A/g. With the voltage window of 0–2.2 V, the energy density of the assembled quasi-solid supercapacitor reached 29.73 Wh/kg with the power density of 1636.9 W/kg, showing great electrochemistry performance and application prospects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]