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Abstract Objective To investigate the long‐term changes in nutritional status in children with solid tumors during treatment and the relationship between nutritional status and clinical outcomes. Methods This study was a retrospective medical records review of data from children who were diagnosed with solid tumors and followed up for more than 3 months from January 2016 to December 2021 in China. Patient demographics and clinical information, including nutritional status, parenteral nutrition use, intensive care unit (ICU) transfers, infection during hospitalization, hospitalization frequency, length of stay, hospitalization costs and antibiotic costs, were collected to analyze the nutritional status of children with different types of solid tumors, the dynamic changes in nutritional status during treatment, and the relationship between nutritional status and clinical outcomes. Results Among the 764 patients (383 males (50.1%); 381 females (49.9%); mean age: 2.58 years), 41.6% of the solid tumors were neuroblastomas, 17.1% were hepatoblastomas, and Wilms tumors as the third most common solid tumors (8.9%). The median follow‐up duration was 6 months (range: 3–40 months). At diagnosis, the proportion of children who were undernourished (underweight and wasting) versus overweight or obese were 26.71% versus 5.21% (25.86% vs. 2.89% in the third month; 29.77% vs. 2.28% in the sixth month; 24.77% vs. 3.27% in the 12th month). The body mass index Z scores decreased from the initial values after the first month (−0.56 (−1.47, 0.23) vs. −0.44 (−1.29, 0.41)) but improved later and decreased again at 6 months. The children in the undernutrition group had longer hospital stays (p

Objective: To optimize the extraction process of Ilex latifolia Thunb. polysaccharide and analyze its inhibitory activity of xanthine oxidase. Methods: A response surface optimization ultrasound-assisted method was used to study the effects of material/liquid ratio, ultrasonic time, ultrasonic temperature and ultrasound power on the yield of Ilex latifolia Thunb. polysaccharide, and the inhibition rate of Ilex latifolia Thunb. polysaccharide on xanthine oxidase and its kinetic constant Ki were determined by in vitro experiments. Results: The optimized conditions of the response surface test were: The material/liquid ratio was 1:25 g/mL, the ultrasonic time was 60 min, the ultrasonic temperature was 40 ℃, the ultrasonic power was 260 W and the yield rate was 5.85%. The inhibition rate of xanthine oxidase by Ilex latifolia Thunb. polysaccharide was concentration-dependent with an IC50 of 1.28 mg/mL, the type of inhibition of xanthine oxidase was competitive and reversible with an inhibition kinetic constant Ki of 0.62 mg/mL. Conclusion: Ilex latifolia Thunb. polysaccharide could inhibit the activity of xanthine oxidase and its could be studied as a potential food or health product for the prevention of hyperuricemia, with a view to providing theoretical data on the comprehensive utilization of Ilex latifolia Thunb..

Abstract Objective To investigate the effect and safety of ketogenic diet (KD) for the treatment of paediatric patients with super-refractory status epilepticus (SRSE) in febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES). Method From January 1, 2015 to October 31, 2017, ten critically ill paediatric patients with SRSE in FIRES were included in this study and treated with KD. The treatment effects of KD were evaluated by using continuous encephalography (CEEG) and amplitude-integrated electro-encephalography (aEEG). Results All 10 patients fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of SRSE in FIRES and achieved ketosis within 24–72 h following the administration of KD. CEEG and aEEG were monitored for several weeks to assess the efficacy of KD on status epilepticus (SE). SE was contained in 8 patients within 2 to 19 days after initiation of KD, and KD was discontinued in the other 2 patients. One of the 10 patients demonstrated severe adverse effects. Conclusion KD may be an alternative and safe treatment option in critical paediatric patients with SRSE in FIRES.

A method based on elemental fingerprint, stable isotopic analysis and combined with chemometrics was proposed to trace the geographical origins of Licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch) from 37 producing areas. For elemental fingerprint, the levels of 15 elements, including Ca, Cu, Mg, Pb, Zn, Sr, Mn, Se, Cd, Fe, Na, Al, Cr, Co, and K, were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Three stable isotopes, including δ13C, δ15N, and δ18O, were measured using an isotope-ratio mass spectrometer (IRMS). For fine classification, three multiclass strategies, including the traditional one-versus-rest (OVR) and one-versus-one (OVO) strategies and a new ensemble strategy (ES), were combined with two binary classifiers, partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLSDA) and least squares support vector machines (LS-SVM). As a result, ES-PLSDA and ES-LS-SVM achieved 0.929 and 0.921 classification accuracy of GUF samples from the 37 origins. The results show that element fingerprint and stable isotope combined with chemometrics is an effective method for GUF traceability and provides a new idea for the geographical traceability of Chinese herbal medicine.

To study the drill hole gas pre-drainage technology in low-permeability outburst coal seam, this paper selects the 1031 working face of the first coal seam in the Songhe Coal Mine as the research and test area, adopts Ansys numerical simulation software for the simulated calculation of different drill hole spacing and different drainage time, different drainage effects are obtained, and the test results show that: when the hole spacing is 2.0 m, the drainage result is the best, the residual gas content in the coal seam of the working face drops to less than 5.92 m3/t, and the residual gas pressure drops to less than 0.58 MPa, the gas drainage rate is increased to 61.48%, and the outburst risk is also reduced. This optimization method has a guiding significance for the gas drainage and utilization of other low-permeability outburst coal seams.

Background and Objectives: The impacts of nutritional status on clinical outcomes in children receiving umbilical cord blood stem cell transplantation (UCBT) are not fully described. We evaluated the risk for malnutrition before transplantation admission and influence of weight loss during hospitalization on short-term clinical outcomes in children with UCBT. Methods and Study Design: We conducted a retrospective study of pediatric patients up to age 18 years who received UCBT and were treated at the Children’s Hospital of Fudan University between January 2019 and December 2020. Results: The mean age of the 91 patients was 1.3 years, with 78 (85.7%) men and 13 (14.3%) women (p<0.001). UCBT was performed mostly for primary immunodeficiency disease (PID) (83, 91.2%). The weight loss differences among children with different primary diseases were statistically significant (p=0.003). Children with a large amount of weight loss during hospitalization (n = 24) had higher risks of skin graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) (multivariate OR=5.01, 95% CI: 1.35-18.65), intestinal GVHD (multivariate OR=7.27, 95% CI: 1.74-30.45), a longer median hospital stay (p=0.004), higher antibiotic costs (p=0.008) and higher total hospitalization costs (p=0.004). Malnutrition on admission was significantly positively correlated with longer parenteral nutrition (PN) time (p=0.008). Early nutritional intervention effects on clinical outcomes need further assessment. Conclusions: Underweight recipient child and excessive weight loss during transplantation increases the length and cost of hospital stay, and is associated with a high incidence of GVHD, which affects the prognosis of transplantation and medical resources consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have examined the ultrasonic ethanol extraction of Ilex latifolia Thunb flavonoids and the inhibitory effect of these flavonoids on xanthine oxidase. Four single-factor extraction conditions were examined: ethanol concentration (%), solid--liquid ratio (g/mL), ultrasonic extraction temperature (°C), and ultrasonic extraction time (min). With these data, the response surface methodology was adopted to optimize the ultrasonic extraction parameters. The optimal ultrasonic extraction parameters were determined to be the ethanol concentration of 49%, the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:27, the ultrasonic extraction temperature of 74°C, and the ultrasonic extraction time of 97 min. Under the optimal conditions described earlier, the experimental yield of flavonoids was 6.367% with a relative standard deviation of 1.9%, which was comparable to the theoretical extraction rate. The half maximal inhibitory concentration of flavonoids for xanthine oxidase is 5.50 mg/mL. The inhibitory effect was competitive and reversible, with an inhibitory kinetic constant Ki of 2.35 mg/mL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]