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Chitosan, extenders anointed and in-situ synthesis method were used to synthesize anode-composite lead-carbon batteries.SEM, EDS, BET and RM were used to characterize and analyze the morphology of carbon materials.The results show that chitosan-carbon has non-crystal structures.Its pore size distribution is between 5-10nm.Specific surface area reaches to 487.4m2/g.The negative composite material electrode is mixed with a conductive agent to produce pastel.Pb-C analog battery was assembled.Electrochemical workstation is used to test chronoamperometry curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy so as to evaluate the possibility of in-situ synthesis anode composite material and its potential value of practical application.Electrochemical testing results show that the Pb-C negative plate,which is made by anode composite carbon material as the carbon source of in-situ synthesis of chitosan, possessing better electrochemical performance and smaller resistance.Its specific capacitance of cyclic voltammogram test is 162.9F/g with longer first discharge platform,the ultimate capacity reaches to 108.722mAh·g-1 when chitosan as carbon source, the specific capicity is 98% of the theoretical capacity. After 1000times of cycle there is almost no decay in capacity.

Mulberry fruit is widely consumed either fresh or in processed food products such as juice, mulberry jelly and jam. Conversely, mulberry marc, the solid component after juicing, is primarily a waste product or used in animal fodder, despite being rich in anthocyanins. Anthocyanins have been reported to have hepatoprotective, hypolipidaemic and antioxidant activities. In this study, the protective effect of mulberry marc anthocyanins (MMA) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 )-induced liver fibrosis in rats was investigated. Male Sprague Dawley rats were injected with CCl 4 to induce liver fibrosis. Compared with the model group, the contents of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate amino transferase, hyaluronidase acid, hydroxyproline and collagen type-III in the MMA 200 mg/kg group were decreased. Moreover, pathological examination and immunohistochemical showed that CCl 4 -induced liver fibrosis was alleviated by administration of MMA. These results demonstrate that MMA has a potent protective effect on CCl 4 -induced liver fibrosis in rats.

A protein identifiable as calmodulin (CaM) was separated from Pinus yunnanensis pollen by phenyl-sepharose affinity chromatography and further purified by preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). This pollen CaM is heat stable, could activate cAMP phosphodiesterase in a Ca2+-dependent fashion, and showed the migration change on sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-PAGE in the presence or absence of Ca2+. Its UV absorption spectrum showed five characteristics peaks. One third of its amino acid composition was acidic amino acids, and the Phe/Tyr ratio was 8:2. In general, the properties of CaM from Pinus yunnanensis pollen is similar to CaMs from animal and other plant sources. A novel 21-kDa calcium-binding protein (CaBP), given the name of calpollenin, was isolated and purified from P. yunnanensis pollen by following the same procedure as for CaM extraction. It was extracted more easily by Triton-containing buffer, and precipitated reversibly by 3.0% (w/v) trichloroacetic acid. Similar to CaM, this calpollenin could bind to a hydrophobic ligand in a Ca2+-dependent manner, and showed an altered electrophoretic mobility on SDS-PAGE in the presence or absence of Ca2+. However, calpollenin was heat unstable, and was denatured on heating at 90°C for 5 min. Its UV absorption spectrum showed a single peak at 275 nm. Analysis of amino acid composition demonstrated that calpollenin contained approximately 213 amino acid residues, among which there was a higher proportion of acidic (24.8%) compared with basic amino acids (5.2%).

Background: The aim of this study is to determine the antifatigue active fraction from Abelmoschus esculentus. The in vivo antifatigue effects of ethanol extracts and polysaccharides from A. esculentus fruit have been determined. The polysaccharides of A. esculentus were determined as the best effective fractions of antifatigue effects. Materials and Methods: About 360 Kunming male mice were randomly divided into nine subgroups: normal control subgroup, model subgroup, positive subgroup and the ethanol extracts of A. esculentus with high dose (3.2 g/kg) subgroup, medium dose (1.6 g/kg) subgroup and low dose (0.8 g/kg) subgroup, the polysaccharides of high dose (3.2 g/kg) subgroup, medium dose (1.6 g/kg) subgroup, and the low dose (0.8 g/kg) subgroup. The antifatigue effects of ethanol extracts and polysaccharides form A. esculentus were measured by comparing body weight, food intake, swimming time, liver glycogen, serum urea, blood lactic acid as well as visceral parameter in mice. Results: Compared with the model subgroup, other subgroups significantly prolonged swimming time, and high dose polysaccharides administration was the most effective (P < 0.01). High dose polysaccharides significantly increased liver glycogen, serum lactic acid, and serum urea (P < 0.01) in mice. In contrast with model group, the high dose polysaccharides administration could also significantly elevated the parameters of testicles and epididymis (P < 0.01). The study established that the ethanol extracts and polysaccharides of A. esculentus both have antifatigue effects. Conclusions: The results demonstrated that both the ethanol extracts and polysaccharides of A. esculentus have antifatigue effects. The high dosage polysaccharides have significant antifatigue properties. The results will provide the basis for further development and utilization of this plant. SUMMARY The high dosage polysaccharides have restoration ability on kidney yang deficiency mice.The high dosage polysaccharides have significant effects of relieving body fatigue of mice.The polysaccharide of Abelmoschus esculentus showed better antifatigue effects than the ethanol extracts. Abbreviations used: A. esculentus: Abelmoschus esculentus, BUN: Blood urine nitrogen, LD: Lactic Acid dehydrogenase, AE: Abelmoschus esculentus ethanol extracts, AP: Abelmoschus esculentus polysaccharides, LAC: Lactic acid content.

Malignant tumors around the pelvis and acetabulum locate deeply with complex anatomic structure, meanwhile, the resection area involves the weight-loading alignment. Therefore, tumor resection plus acetabular joint reconstruction is a complicated operation. This study was to summarize our experience of tumor resection plus prosthesis reconstruction of the acetabular joint for this disease.Clinical data of 12 patients with malignant tumors around the pelvis and acetabulum, treated with tumor resection plus prosthesis reconstruction of the acetabular joint from 1995 to 2006, were reviewed. The characteristics of the operating for this disease were analyzed in terms of preoperative preparation, operating strategy, prosthesis design, operating procedure, acetabular reconstruction, and postoperative rehabilitation.The patients were followed for 8-86 months, with a median of 46 months. Of the 4 patients with tumor relapse, 2 osteosarcoma patients died of lung metastasis at 15 months and 22 months after operation; 1 chondrosarcoma patient relapsed locally at 26 months after operation and died at 38 months after operation; 1 giant cell tumor patient relapsed locally at 13 months after operation and was treated by clearance of focal lesion, and survived tumor-freely till the end of follow-up. The other 9 patients still survived tumor-freely till the end of follow-up. The 1-year survival rate was 75.0%; the 3-and 5-year survival rates were 33.3%; the 7-year survival rate was 25.0%. According to Harris scoring criteria after total hip replacement, 3 patients scored 60-69, 5 scored 70-79, and 4 scored 80-90 in limb function.Pelvic tumor resection and prosthesis reconstruction of the acetabular joint has the characteristics of difficulty and high-risk. For bone tumors with relatively low malignancy, this surgical treatment is an ideal option.

To obtain purified deletion mutant of plasminogen kringle 5 (K5) using gene mutation and genetic recombination methods and assess its anti-angiogenic activity in vitro.A deletion mutant of K5 was obtained by deleting 15 amino acids from K5 while retaining all the 3 disulfide bonds. This K5 mutant (Mut1) was expressed in E. coli and affinity purified. The inhibition effect of K5 Mut1 on primary retinal capillary endothelial cells and pericytes from the same origin was assessed by MTT assay.The K5 Mut1 inhibited the proliferation of primary retinal capillary endothelial cells in a concentration-dependent manner, with an apparent half-inhibition concentration (EC(50)) of approximately 35 nmol/L, which was 2-fold more potent than intact K5. In the same concentration range, this peptide did not inhibit pericytes from the same origin, suggesting an endothelial cell-specific inhibition.This K5 deletion mutant is a more potent angiogenic inhibitor than K5 and may have therapeutic potential in the treatment of such disorders with abnormal neovascularization as diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration and solid tumor.

To examine the direct effect of high glucose levels on primary cultured human retinal capillary endothelial cells (HRCEC).HRCECs were isolated from donated eyes and cultured for 6 days in the media containing 5 or 25 mmol/L glucose. The cell viability was determined by trypan blue exclusion assay and cell cycle analyzed by flow cytometry, with the cell apoptosis assayed by TUNEL method.The cell viability was significantly decreased after exposure to 25 mmol/L glucose, and the number of apoptotic cells determined by flow cytometry and TUNEL was significantly increased in response to high-dose glucose treatment.High-dose glucose induces apoptosis in HRCEC, which may contribute to the development of diabetic retinopathy.

Estrogens, a group of steroidal sex hormones, were determined in pollen, styles or whole pistils using a highly sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay (RIA) and found to be present at levels between 10−11 and 10−10 g/g FW. In the style of Liliun davidii Duch., the levels of total estrogen decreased after self-pollination of the open flower. After bud pollination, which partly overcame incompatibility, the levels of both estradiol and total estrogen increased. The levels of estradiol and total estrogen in the pistils of Brassica pekinensis Rupr. increased after compatible pollination during the first 3 days following pollination and decreased thereafter when the data were expressed on a FW basis. These results suggest that estrogens are to some extent associated with the reproductive processes.