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Likui Fang, Fangming Zhong, Wenfeng Yu, Pengfei Zhu, Guocan Yu Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, 310003, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Likui Fang, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, 310003, People’s Republic of China, Email 21618100@zju.edu.cnBackground: The impact of coagulation indicators on postoperative outcomes of patients with constrictive pericarditis undergoing pericardiectomy has been poorly investigated. This study aimed to assess the prognostic role of preoperative coagulation indicators in these patients.Methods: We retrospectively included 158 patients with constrictive pericarditis undergoing pericardiectomy. The diagnostic values of coagulation indicators for postoperative complications were evaluated by ROC curves. Patients were divided into two groups according to the cutoff value calculated by ROC curve. Postoperative outcomes were compared between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors of postoperative complications.Results: ROC curve showed that among different coagulation indicators, preoperative D-dimer (DD) level could effectively identify patients with postoperative complications (AUC 0.771, 95% CI 0.696– 0.847, P < 0.001). Patients were divided into the low DD group and the high DD group. The comparison of postoperative outcomes suggested that high preoperative DD level was significantly associated with longer durations of vasoactive agents using (P = 0.018), intubation (P = 0.020), ICU stay (P = 0.008), chest drainage (P=0.004) and hospital stay (P = 0.002). Multivariable analysis showed that high preoperative DD level was the independent risk factor of postoperative complications (OR 6.892, 95% CI 2.604– 18.235, P < 0.001).Conclusion: High preoperative DD level was significantly linked to poor postoperative outcomes and could provide an effective prediction ability for postoperative complications in patients with constrictive pericarditis.Keywords: constrictive pericarditis, D-dimer, postoperative complications, outcomes

Xin Huang, Yueying Chen, Fanglu Zhong, Bin Gui, Yugang Hu, Yuxin Guo, Qing Deng, Qing Zhou Department of Ultrasound, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Qing Zhou; Qing Deng, Department of Ultrasound, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238&num; Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, People’s Republic of China, Email qingzhou@whu.edu.cn; wudadq@163.comBackground: Prostate cancer (PCa) poses a significant global health threaten. Immunotherapy has emerged as a novel strategy to augment the inhibition of tumor proliferation. However, the sole use of anti-PD-L1 Ab for PCa has not yielded improvements, mirroring outcomes observed in other tumor types.Methods: This study employed the thin film hydration method to develop lipid nanobubbles (NBs) encapsulating chlorin e6 (Ce6) and anti-PD-L1 Ab (Ce6@aPD-L1 NBs). Our experimental approach included cellular assays and mouse immunization, providing a comprehensive evaluation of Ce6@aPD-L1 NBs’ impact.Results: The Ce6@aPD-L1 NBs effectively induced reactive oxygen species generation, leading to tumor cells death. In mice, they demonstrated a remarkable enhancement of immune responses compared to control groups. These immune responses encompassed immunogenic cell death induced by sonodynamic therapy and PD-1/PD-L1 blockade, activating dendritic cells maturation and effectively stimulating CD8+T cells.Conclusion: Ce6@aPD-L1 NBs facilitate tumor-targeted delivery, activating anti-tumor effects through direct sonodynamic therapy action and immune system reactivation in the tumor microenvironment. Ce6@aPD-L1 NBs exhibit substantial potential for achieving synergistic anti-cancer effects in PCa.Keywords: Ce6, nanobubbles, ultrasound, sonodynamic therapy, immunotherapy

Zhengchun Zhu,1 Hong Liu,2 Fei Zhong1 1Department of Oncology, Fuyang Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuhe Modern Industrial Park, Fuyang, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fuyang Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuhe Modern Industrial Park, Fuyang, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Fei Zhong, Email zhongfei@ahmu.edu.cnBackground and Objectives: Duodenal adenocarcinoma (DAC) is a rare tumor that is often accompanied by liver metastasis in advanced stages. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between clinicopathological characteristics and survival in DAC patients with liver metastasis, and to explore appropriate treatment options.Methods: 482 DAC patients with liver metastasis were retrospectively identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database (2011– 2020). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to explore the clinicopathological factors related to survival. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to identify the independent risk factors associated with survival.Results: The 1-year overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) rates for the entire cohort were 25.4% and 28.3%, and the 5-year OS and CSS rates were 2.4% and 2.9% respectively. Univariable analysis and multivariate analysis identified chemotherapy and surgery as the independent risk factors for OS and CSS. Patients who underwent chemotherapy and surgery had better CSS and OS rates, whereas radiotherapy failed to improve outcomes.Conclusion: We identified several prognostic factors of DAC with liver metastasis. Chemotherapy and surgery can prolong the survival of DAC patients with liver metastasis, which lays the foundation for identifying the optimal treatment strategy.Keywords: duodenal adenocarcinoma, liver metastasis, clinicopathological characteristics, survival, SEER database

Guocan Yu,1,&ast; Linhua Wang,2 Yanqin Shen,1 Likui Fang,1 Jun Yang,1 Bo Ye,1 Kan Xu,1 Fangming Zhong1,&ast; 1Zhejiang Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Affiliated Hangzhou Chest Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Hospital Infection, Affiliated Hangzhou Chest Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Guocan Yu; Fangming Zhong, Zhejiang Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Affiliated Hangzhou Chest Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China, Email dabaitwo@163.com; zhongfangm@126.comPurpose: We evaluated CapitalBio Mycobacterium RT-PCR assay diagnosing tuberculous pericarditis (TBP), performed a head-to-head comparison with Xpert MTB/RIF, and assessed the impact of a parallel test (positive result for either of these two tests).Methods: We reviewed suspected TBP patients with Xpert MTB/RIF, CapitalBio Mycobacterium RT-PCR assay, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) culture. We analyzed sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and area under the curve (AUC).Results: Seventy-four patients were included. Overall sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and AUC of CapitalBio Mycobacterium RT-PCR assay compared with culture were 50%, 91.1%, 64.3%, 85%, and 0.71, respectively. Overall sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and AUC of Xpert MTB/RIF for TBP were 61.1%, 91.1%, 68.8%, 87.9%, and 0.76. Parallel test values were 72.2%, 91.1%, 72.2%, 91.1%, and 0.82. The diagnostic accuracy of Xpert MTB/RIF was higher than CapitalBio Mycobacterium RT-PCR assay but was not significant (P > 0.05). The parallel test could improve diagnostic accuracy, but it was not significant compared to single tests (P > 0.05).Conclusion: CapitalBio Mycobacterium RT-PCR assay had a moderate diagnostic accuracy, similar to Xpert MTB/RIF. The parallel test maximized diagnostic efficacy, but differences were not significant. CapitalBio Mycobacterium RT-PCR assay and Xpert MTB/RIF for TBP could be an initial option for early diagnosis.Keywords: tuberculosis pericarditis, polymerase chain reaction, Xpert MTB/RIF, CapitalBio, accuracy

Ying Tian,1 Fei Zhong,2 Cheng Li,3 Chunchun Wu,2 Jiaqi Zou,1 Qiang Wang,1 Zhengxue Song,1 Yufei Cui,4,5 Xiaomin Sun,6 Cong Huang2,5 1College of Sports Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Sports and Exercise Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA; 4Institute of Exercise Epidemiology and Department of Physical Education, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai’an, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; 6Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Cong HuangDepartment of Sports and Exercise Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail cohuang@zju.edu.cnPurpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the association between parental socioeconomic status (SES) and skeletal muscle mass in Chinese college students.Methods: A cross-sectional study including 2204 college freshmen was conducted in Shenyang, China. Data regarding body composition, health examinations, and a self-reported questionnaire were available from all the participants. Skeletal muscle mass assessment was completed by a bioelectrical impedance analyzer. Information on parental SES (educational levels, annual income, and occupational status) was collected via questionnaires. Covariance analysis was used to adjust for the confounding effects of sex, age, ethnicity, smoking status, alcohol use, and sleep duration.Results: Multivariate analysis showed that college freshmen with higher parental SES levels generally had higher skeletal muscle mass after adjustment for confounding factors (mean [95% confidence interval]: low, 42.4 [42.0, 42.8]; middle, 42.9 [42.6, 43.3]; high, 43.7 [43.4, 44.1], p for trend < 0.001). Similar results were observed for paternal and maternal SES (p for trend < 0.001, respectively), whereas association between paternal SES and youth muscle mass became non-significant after adjusting for maternal SES (p for trend = 0.077). Results also showed positive linear trends for skeletal muscle mass and paternal or maternal educational levels and annual income (p for trend < 0.001, respectively), but not for occupational status.Conclusion: This study found a positive association between parental SES and skeletal muscle mass in Chinese college students. Compared to the normalization of height or weight, body mass index-adjusted skeletal muscle mass is more likely to be associated with SES.Keywords: educational status, annual income, occupational status, muscular fitness, youth

Feng Guo,1 Ying Tian,2 Fei Zhong,3 Chunchun Wu,3 Yufei Cui,1 Cong Huang3,4 1Institute of Exercise Epidemiology and Department of Physical Education, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai’an, People’s Republic of China; 2College of Sports Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Sports and Exercise Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, JapanCorrespondence: Feng GuoInstitute of Exercise Epidemiology and Department of Physical Education, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai’an 223003, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail kakuhoulove@hotmail.comCong HuangDepartment of Sports and Exercise Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, 148 Tianmushan Road, Hangzhou 310007, People’s Republic of China, Email cohuang@zju.edu.cnPurpose: To investigate whether the physical activity at different intensities is correlated with depressive symptoms in college students.Patient and Methods: This cross-sectional study was a part of the Fitness Improvement Tactics in Youth Project, which was conducted in 2017. A total of 2,820 college freshmen aged 15– 24 years were included in this study, of whom 699 (24.8%) were males and 2,121 (75.2%) were females. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Self-rating Depression Scale. Physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form. Covariates included sociodemographic, lifestyle-related, and health-related factors.Results: A total of 560 (19.9%) college students had depressive symptoms. Total physical activity levels (METs•hour/week) were positively associated with frequency of breakfast intake (p = 0.050) but no other participant characteristics. Logistic regression analysis showed that the prevalence of depressive symptoms in the highest quartile of physical activity was lower than in the lowest quartile when adjusted for sex, age, ethnicity, only child, smoking status, alcohol use, breakfast frequency, daily sleep duration, body mass index, grip strength, and the number of metabolic syndrome components (odds ratios [95% confidence intervals (CI)]: 0.75 [0.58, 0.98], p = 0.036). Furthermore, high physical activity levels of low-intensity tended to moderately correlate to lower prevalence of depressive symptoms (odds ratios [95% CI]: Q1, 0.71 [0.55, 0.91], Q2, 0.77 [0.59, 1.01], Q3, 0.75 [0.57, 0.98], p for trend = 0.037). Associations of moderate and vigorous physical activity with depressive symptoms were not found. For secondary outcomes, sex-stratified analysis showed that similar findings were only found in females, but not males.Conclusion: This study indicated that total physical activity and low-intensity physical activity were inversely associated with depressive symptoms in Chinese college students. All these observations showed gender differences.Keywords: physical activity intensity, mental health, Chinese youth, cross-sectional study

Yi Yuan,1,* Ying Li,2,* Guangxi Wang,3 Chengwen Li,2 Li Xiang,3 Junping She,3 Yan Yang,3 Fangcai Zhong,1 Luhua Zhang3 1Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First People’s Hospital of Neijiang, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Luhua ZhangDepartment of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Xiang Lin Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou City 646000, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of ChinaTel/Fax +86 830 3160073Email zhluhua@swmu.edu.cnBackground: Colistin acts as the last line of defense against severe infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. Infections caused by extensively drug-resistant isolates coproducing MCR and carbapenemases have posed a serious public health concern.Purpose: In this study, we reported the first clinical colistin and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter hormaechei isolate SCNJ07 coharboring blaNDM-1 and mcr-9 from a patient with bloodstream infection in China.Methods: Bacterial antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the broth microdilution method. Conjugation assay was carried out to investigate the transferability of mcr-9 and blaNDM-1. Whole-genome sequencing of strain SCNJ07 was performed using an Illumina HiSeq system and the genetic characteristics of the mcr-9- and blaNDM-1-harboring plasmids were analyzed.Results: Conjugation assays revealed that both blaNDM-1 and mcr-9 genes could successfully transfer their resistance phenotype to Escherichia coli strain J53. Whole genome sequencing showed that SCNJ07 possessed an FIB36:FIIY4 type self-transmissible plasmid bearing blaNDM-1, which possessed high similarity to previously reported pRJF866 in China. mcr-9 was located on a ∼28-kb self-transmissible plasmid pMCR-SCNJ07 with both IncHI2 and IncR replicons. Two copies of intact IS903 that bracketed a ∼8-kb region containing the mcr-9 gene were identified in pMCR-SCNJ07. BLASTn analysis revealed that a number of mcr-9-positive plasmids have been around for a while among Enterobacteriaceae worldwide.Conclusion: This study reveals the likelihood of a wide dissemination of this newly identified colistin resistance gene mcr-9 among Enterobacteriaceae. Further surveillance is urgently needed to understand the prevalence and dissemination of mcr-9, thereby facilitating establishment of measures to control its spread.Keywords: colistin, mcr-9, CRE, IS903

Fan Zhou,1 Wei Zhang,1 Jianmei Zhou,1 Meirong Li,2 Feng Zhong,1 Yun Zhang,1 Yuezhu Liu,1 Yaping Wang1 1Department of Anesthesiology, 2Department of Pathology, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China Background: Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is involved in many neurological and inflammatory responses. Peripheral inflammatory responses can induce central sensitization and trigger inflammatory pain. However, there is little research on the relationship between ER stress and inflammatory pain. In this study, we examined whether the ER stress response is involved in peripheral inflammatory pain using a formalin-induced rat pain model.Methods: Rats were divided into the following five groups: control, formalin, formalin + vehicle, formalin + 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) (40 mg/kg) and formalin + 4-PBA (100 mg/kg). Formalin-induced pain was assessed behaviorally by recording licking activity. The expression levels of immunoglobulin-binding protein (BIP), activating transcription factor-6 (ATF6), phosphorylated inositol-requiring enzyme-1 (p-IRE1), phosphorylated protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (p-PERK) and c-fos were quantitatively assessed by Western blot, and the distribution of BIP, ATF6 and c-fos in the lumbar enlargement of spinal cord were identified by immunohistochemistry in spinal dorsal horn slices. In addition, the concentrations of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in the spinal cord were tested by biochemical measurement and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively.Results: Intraperitoneal injection of 4-PBA at the dose of 100 mg/kg before formalin injection significantly decreased nociceptive behavior in the second phase compared with control, formalin, formalin + vehicle and formalin + 4-PBA (40 mg/kg) (P

OBJECTIVE: Suanzaoren decoction (SZRD) in Traditional Chinese Medicine is a common prescription for chronic insomnia. This study systematically and accurately evaluated the safety and efficacy of SZRD in the treatment of chronic insomnia, thus providing a reference for its clinical application. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From the establishment of the corresponding database until May 2022, we systematically queried EMbase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang Database. Randomized control trials (RCTs) were included in this study, and the results that qualified for inclusion were screened and cross-checked by two researchers. After the relevant data were extracted, a meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. RESULTS: A total of 1,311 patients with chronic insomnia from 12 RCTs were enrolled in the meta-analysis, showing that the use of SZRD alone or in combination was superior to the control group in improving the clinical effective rate (RR=1.22, 95%CI [1.16, 1.29], p<0.00001), reducing the recurrence rate (RR=0.47, 95%CI [0.28, 0.80], p=0.005), and lowering the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores (MDSZRD+WM =-3.35,95%CI [-5.22, -1.47], p<0.00001); (MDSZRD =-1.94, 95%CI [-3.80, -0.07], p = 0.04). SZRD also could reduce the adverse effects rate (RR=0.30, 95% CI [0.22, 0.40], p<0.00001). CONCLUSIONS: It was therefore concluded that SZRD alone or in combination with Western medicine can increase the clinical effective rate, reduce the recurrence rate, improve the quality of life of chronic insomnia patients, and decrease the incidence of adverse effects. However, studies included in this analysis varied in quality, and more large-sample, high-quality, multi-center RCTs are still needed to verify the above conclusions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]