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Abstract Background  Data from the Shanghai Breast Cancer Study were analyzed to evaluate the relationship between benign breast disease (BBD) and breast cancer among Chinese women with a self-report of physician-diagnosed BBD. Methods  Study participants consisted of 3,452 breast cancer cases and 3,474 population controls recruited by the Shanghai Breast Cancer Study. In-person interviews were conducted to collect information on demographics and suspected risk factors for breast cancer, including a detailed history of BBD. Unconditional logistic regression was used to derive adjusted odds ratios (ORadj) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between self-reported BBD and breast cancer. Results  Women with breast cancer were significantly more likely to have a self-reported history of BBD including lobular proliferation (ORadj = 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.8), fibroadenoma (ORadj = 1.9; 95% CI 1.6–2.3), and other BBD (ORadj = 1.6; 95% CI 1.3–2.1). Breast cancer risk was lower for surgically treated fibroadenoma as compared to non-surgically treated and higher for other BBDs that were surgically treated versus non-surgically treated. Conclusions  Our results suggest that personal history of BBD is associated with an increased risk of future breast cancer among women in China. Surgical intervention for fibroadenoma may reduce the risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective The influence of vitamin supplements on breast cancer risk is unclear and the interactive effects of dietary and supplemental sources are unknown. This study investigated (1) the association between self-reported vitamin supplement use (multivitamin, A, B, C, and E) and breast cancer and (2) the combined effect of vitamin supplements in relation to dietary vitamin intakes on breast cancer risk. Methods The Shanghai Breast Cancer Study was a population-based case-control study conducted in Shanghai in 1996–1998 (Phase I) and 2002–2004 (Phase II). Participants were aged 25–64 (Phase I) and 20–70 years (Phase II). The analyses included 3,454 incident breast cancer cases and 3,474 controls. Unconditional logistic regression models were used to determine adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for breast cancer risk associated with vitamin supplement use. Results Overall, breast cancer risk was not related to any vitamin supplement intake. However, a 20% reduction in breast cancer risk was observed with vitamin E supplement use among women with low-dietary vitamin E intake (OR = 0.8; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.6–1.0). A non-significant 20% risk reduction was observed among vitamin B supplement users with low B dietary intake (OR = 0.8; 95% CI, 0.6–1.1). Frequent use of a vitamin B supplement was adversely associated with breast cancer risk among those with high dietary vitamin B intake (OR = 1.4; 95% CI: 0.9–2.1; P for interaction = 0.07). Conclusions This study suggests that vitamins E and B supplements may confer protection against breast cancer among women who have low dietary intake of those vitamins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on a study which tested the hypothesis that estrogen exposure play a critical role in the development of endometrial cancer in Chinese women. Study results suggested that rs2070959 polymorphic variant (G) was associated with reduced risk of endometrial cancer, and this reduction in risk appears to be more evident among women with low levels of endogenous estrogen exposure or with low consumption of soy food.

Limited epidemiological evidence suggests that calcium intake may be related to breast cancer risk. Data from a large, population-based, case-control study (n = 1,459 cases, 1,556 controls) conducted in Shanghai, China, between 1996 and 1998 were used to investigate the association between calcium intake and risk for breast cancer. Diet was assessed using a quantitative food-frequency questionnaire. The multivariate-adjusted odds ratio (OR) comparing all women combined in the highest to lowest deciles of total calcium intake was 0.74 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.46-1.20). Whereas calcium primarily derived from poultry was inversely associated with risk for breast cancer (comparing the highest to lowest quintile OR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.55-0.93) with a statistically significant test for trend, calcium derived from milk, seafood, fruit, and vegetables was not associated with risk of breast cancer. Given that breast cancer is one of the top contributors to cancer incidence worldwide, even a moderate inverse association between calcium and breast cancer risk, if confirmed, could have important public health implications in breast cancer prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]