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The transition toward carbon neutrality in China necessitates integrating more renewable energy sources (RES) into the power grid. However, a high share of RES can destabilize the grid, making it crucial to add clean, flexible power sources, such as battery energy storage systems (BESS) and flexible coal power combined with carbon capture and storage (CCS). This study shifted focus from traditional power plants to flexible power solutions, including BESS and CCS, and adopted a macro perspective. An hourly basis simulation model of the power system was developed to assess the cost-effectiveness of these flexible power options. The results revealed that BESS is more cost-effective when RES penetration rates are low, whereas CCS becomes more advantageous as RES constitutes a larger portion of the power supply. Combining BESS and CCS can ensure grid stability and maximize RES utilization. Sensitivity analysis indicated the need to control power demand growth to support this transition effectively.

Abstract Deception is a common occurrence in daily life and has been shown to impair memory. This study investigated the memory-undermining effects of deception in a simulated daily life scenario, focusing on the potential moderating effect of the liars’ role (i.e., actor vs. eyewitness). In a 2 × 2 between-subjects design, 128 participants were randomly assigned to one of four conditions: actors who told the truth, actors who lied, eyewitnesses who told the truth, and eyewitnesses who lied. Participants engaged in a simulated shopping task, followed by an interview where they either provided truthful or deceptive responses about the items they bought (actors) or observed (eyewitnesses). Two days later, participants completed a series of memory tests assessing item memory, source memory, destination memory, and non-believed memories. Results showed that deception impaired source memory, with a greater impairment observed for actors than eyewitnesses. Deception also led to more non-believed memories and impaired item and destination memory, regardless of the liars’ role. These findings suggest that the role of liars moderates the effects of deception on memory, with self-related deception (actors) leading to greater memory impairments than other-related deception (eyewitnesses).

Abstract Depressive disorder is a significant public health problem worldwide, which adversely affects children and adolescents’ health. Impaired fasting blood glucose (IFG) is more common in depressive disorder, which becomes a clinical problem that needs to be focused on. The study purposed to determine the prevalence and related factors of IFG in Chinese children and adolescents with depressive disorder and the relationship between triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio and IFG. This research encompassed 756 individuals aged 8 to 18 with major depressive disorders, all diagnosed under DSM-5 criteria at the Third People’s Hospital of Fuyang from January 2020 to December 2021. We detected fasting blood glucose (FBG) and lipid levels and assessed the suicidal behaviors and depressive symptoms severity of each participant. The sociodemographic and included study variables were collected and analyzed. Our study employed multiple logistic regression to discern independent factors affecting IFG in conjunction with depressive disorders among children and adolescents. The prevalence of IFG was 6.5% (49/756). IFG was positively correlated with FBG, BMI, TG, TG/HDL-C, and was negatively correlated with gender and the type of antidepressant drug taken. Binary logistic analysis showed that male (OR = 2.57, 95% CI: 1.43–4.63, P = 0.002) and higher levels of TG (OR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.11–2.38, P = 0.013) were independently associated with IFG in children and adolescents with depressive disorder. The incidence of IFG in children and adolescents with depressive disorder was high and was positively related to the TG/HDL-C ratio. The evaluation and management of IFG in pediatric depression should extend beyond pharmacological interventions. Comprehensive strategies in both assessment and management of IFG are essential to address this condition effectively in young patients facing depressive disorders.

Abstract Resistance to stress is a key determinant for mammalian functioning. While many studies have revealed neural circuits and substrates responsible for initiating and mediating stress responses, little is known about how the brain resists to stress and prevents overreactions. Here, we identified a previously uncharacterized neuropeptide Y (NPY) neuronal population in the dorsal raphe nucleus and ventrolateral periaqueductal gray region (DRN/vlPAG) with anxiolytic effects in male mice. NPYDRN/vlPAG neurons are rapidly activated by various stressful stimuli. Inhibiting these neurons exacerbated hypophagic and anxiety responses during stress, while activation significantly ameliorates acute stress-induced hypophagia and anxiety levels and transmits positive valence. Furthermore, NPYDRN/vlPAG neurons exert differential but synergic anxiolytic effects via inhibitory projections to the paraventricular thalamic nucleus (PVT) and the lateral hypothalamic area (LH). Together, our findings reveal a feedforward inhibition neural mechanism underlying stress resistance and suggest NPYDRN/vlPAG neurons as a potential therapeutic target for stress-related disorders.

Abstract Adipose tissue, aside from adipocytes, comprises various abundant immune cells. The accumulation of low-grade chronic inflammation in adipose tissue serves as a primary cause and hallmark of insulin resistance. In this study, we investigate the physiological roles of FADD in adipose tissue inflammation, adipogenesis, and adipocyte survival. High levels of Fadd mRNA were observed in mitochondrial-rich organs, particularly brown adipose tissue. To explore its metabolic functions, we generated global Fadd knockout mice, resulting in embryonic lethality, while heterozygous knockout (Fadd+/−) mice did not show any significant changes in body weight or composition. However, Fadd+/− mice exhibited reduced respiratory exchange ratio (RER) and serum cholesterol levels, along with heightened global and adipose inflammatory responses. Furthermore, AT masses and expression levels of adipogenic and lipogenic genes were decreased in Fadd+/− mice. In cellular studies, Fadd inhibition disrupted adipogenic differentiation and suppressed the expression of adipogenic and lipogenic genes in cultured adipocytes. Additionally, Fadd overexpression caused adipocyte death in vitro with decreased RIPK1 and RIPK3 expression, while Fadd inhibition downregulated RIPK3 in iWAT in vivo. These findings collectively underscore the indispensable role of FADD in adipose inflammation, adipogenesis, and adipocyte survival.

ObjectiveCompared the dosimetric characteristics of half-field-based VMAT and half-field-based IMRT for left breast cancer patients combined with deep inspiration breath-hold (DIBH) and free breathing (FB) techniques.MethodsTwenty-one left breast cancer patients were included. Each patient underwent DIBH and FB CT scans, IMRT and VMAT plans in half-field beam mode for both breathing techniques, resulting in four plans: FB-IMRT (F-IMRT), FB-VMAT (F-VMAT), DIBH-IMRT (D-IMRT) and DIBH-VMAT (D-VMAT). The conformity index (CI), homogeneity index (HI), and the doses received at the heart, left anterior descending (LAD), left lung, right breast, and right lung, were compared among plans.The correlation between the difference in the volume of lung_L (ΔLVL) and the difference in the mean dose (ΔDmean) of lung_L under the DIBH and FB plans, the correlation between the difference in the heart-chest distance (ΔHCD) and the ΔDmean of the heart,LAD under the DIBH and FB plans.ResultsThe D-VMAT plan lower lung_L V5 than both the F-IMRT and F-VMAT plans (p

Bisphenol S (BPS) is widely presented and affects aging with unclear mechanisms. Here, we applied C. elegans to evaluate the effects of BPS on lifespan and healthspan and to investigate the underlying mechanisms. Both early-life and whole-life exposure to BPS at environmentally relevant doses (0.6, 6, 60 μg/L) significantly decreased lifespan, and healthspan (body bend, pharyngeal pumping, and lipofuscin accumulation). BPS exposure impaired mitochondrial structure and function, which promoted ROS production to induce oxidative stress. Furthermore, BPS increased expressions of the insulin/IGF-like signaling (IIS). Also, BPS inhibited expression of the IIS transcription factor daf-16 and its downstream anti-oxidative genes. Quercetin effectively improved BPS-induced oxidative stress byreversing BPS-regulated IIS/daf-16 pathway and anti-oxidative gene expressions. In daf-2 and daf-16 mutants, the effects of BPS and quercetin on lifespan, healthspan, oxidative stress, and anti-oxidative genes expressions were reversed, demonstrating the requirement of IIS/daf-16 for aging regulation. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations confirmed the stable interaction between DAF-2 and BPS mainly via three residues (VAL1260, GLU1329, and MET1395), which was attenuated by quercetin. Our results highlighted that adverse effects of BPS on impairing lifespan and healthspan by affecting IIS/daf-16 function against mitochondrial stress, which could be inhibited by quercetin treatment. Thus, we first revealed the underlying mechanisms of BPS-induced aging and the potential treatment.

Eutrophication caused by excessive nitrogen and phosphorus is an important factor affecting water quality in drinking water sources. Convenient monitoring of eutrophication in water bodies can reduce the use of pesticides and reduce energy consumption, helping to promote ecological and economic development. This study examined the relationship between water eutrophication and the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP). The results showed that various parameters related to eutrophication, such as ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, chlorophyll-a, and cyanobacteria, had correlations with ORP. There is a close relationship between eutrophication and the concentration of cyanobacteria. When cyanobacteria blooms occur in the drinking water source, it may contaminate the drinking water. Because the conventional eutrophication index does not include the concentration of cyanobacteria, principal component analysis (PCA) was utilized to comprehensively analyze these eutrophication-related parameters and obtain the eutrophication-related index, with the cumulative contribution of principal components reaching 81.8%. Different mathematical methods such as neural network model and mathematical fitting were used to study the relationship between ORP and the eutrophication-related index. A three-segment relationship between the ORP and the index was established. This three-stage relationship was confirmed in different reservoirs.

BackgroundPer- and polyfuoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are categorized as persistent organic pollutants and commonly detected in humans, and their toxicity has attracted widespread attention. However, few studies have reported comparison of PFAS levels and potential factors between women pregnant using assisted reproduction technology (ART) and women pregnant naturally. ObjectiveTo analyze and compare serum concentrations and sociodemographic determinants of PFAS in pregnant women conceiving through ART and conceiving naturally from Shanghai. MethodsBased on the China National Birth Cohort (CNBC) in Shanghai from 2017 to 2019, 333 pregnant women conceiving through ART and 689 pregnant women conceiving naturally were recruited during the same period as study subjects. The concentrations of 32 PFAS were measured in early-pregnancy serum of all pregnant women, and four PFAS with the highest co-exposure levels in both groups were included in the subsequent analysis. Multiple linear regression models were performed to evaluate the associations of sociodemographic factors with serum PFAS concentrations in the two groups respectively. Beta coefficients and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were exponentiated to calculate the ratio of the geometric mean (GM) of PFAS concentrations after each unit change in the independent variable.ResultsPerfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), 6∶2 chlorinated polyfluoroethersulfonic acid (6∶2 Cl-PFESA), and perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS) were four major PFAS in serum of pregnant women conceiving through ART and conceiving naturally, and the concentrations of PFOA, PFOS, and 6∶2 Cl-PFESA were higher in pregnant women conceiving through ART than in pregnant women conceiving naturally (P 300000 CNY had lower serum concentrations of PFOA [GM ratio (95%CI): 0.82 (0.72, 0.95) and 0.89 (0.81, 0.97), respectively] and PFHxS [GM ratio (95%CI): 0.66 (0.51, 0.86) and 0.77 (0.66, 0.90), respectively] than those women whose household annual income

BackgroundPesticide exposure may impact the reproductive health of women undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART). However, data on pesticide exposure levels in women undergoing ART in China are scarce, and current research on influencing factors is limited. ObjectiveTo evaluate the preconceptional pesticide exposure levels and identify potential determinants among women undergoing ART. MethodsThis study was designed as a cross-sectional survey and recruited 508 women undergoing ART from July 2017 to December 2018 at the fertility clinic of the International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. Gas chromatography/liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to determine the metabolite concentrations of organophosphate pesticides (OPs), pyrethroid pesticides (PYRs), and neonicotinoid pesticides (NEOs) in urine. The sum of molar concentrations of the three pesticide classes (∑2OPs, ∑2PYRs, and ∑2NEOs) were calculated. A questionnaire was used to collect demographic characteristics, dietary habits, and behavioral information. Multiple linear regression was employed to analyze the associations of demographic characteristics, dietary habits, and behavioral variables with the concentrations of pesticide metabolites in urine among the participants. ResultsThe median creatinine-adjusted concentrations of ∑2OPs, ∑2PYRs, and ∑2NEOs in this study were 419.77, 2.95, and 20.36 nmol·g−1, respectively. The multiple linear regression results showed that the urinary concentration of ∑2OPs was 42.88% higher in the participants with daily vegetable intake than in those who consumed vegetables ≤3 d per week (P

Abstract Background Salt tolerance in plants is defined as their ability to grow and complete their life cycle under saline conditions. Staple crops have limited salt tolerance, but forage grass can survive in large unexploited saline areas of costal or desert land. However, due to the restriction of self-incompatible fertilization in many grass species, vegetative propagation via stem cuttings is the dominant practice; this is incompatible with current methodologies of salt-tolerance phenotyping, which have been developed for germination-based seedling growth. Therefore, the performance of seedlings from cuttings under salt stress is still fuzzy. Moreover, the morphological traits involved in salt tolerance are still mostly unknown, especially under experimental conditions with varying levels of stress. Results To estimate the salt tolerance of cutting propagation-dependent grasses, a reliable and low-cost workflow was established with multiple saline treatments, using Paspalum vaginatum as the material and substrate as medium, where cold stratification and selection of stem segments were the two variables used to control for experimental errors. Average leaf number (ALN) was designated as the best criterion for evaluating ion-accumulated salt tolerance. The reliability of ALN was revealed by the consistent results among four P. vaginatum genotypes, and three warm-season (pearl millet, sweet sorghum, and wild maize) and four cold-season (barley, oat, rye, and ryegrass) forage cultivars. Dynamic curves simulated by sigmoidal mathematical models were well-depicted for the calculation of the key parameter, Salt50. The reliability of the integrated platform was further validated by screening 48 additional recombinants, which were previously generated from a self-fertile mutant of P. vaginatum. The genotypes displaying extreme ALN-based Salt50 also exhibited variations in biomass and ion content, which not only confirmed the reliability of our phenotyping platform but also the representativeness of the aerial ALN trait for salt tolerance. Conclusions Our phenotyping platform is proved to be compatible with estimations in both germination-based and cutting propagation-dependent seedling tolerance under salt stresses. ALN and its derived parameters are prone to overcome the species barriers when comparing salt tolerance of different species together. The accuracy and reliability of the developed phenotyping platform is expected to benefit breeding programs in saline agriculture.

Abstract The AS04-adjuvanted human papillomavirus (HPV)16/18 vaccine, an L1-based vaccine, provides strong vaccine efficacy (VE) against vaccine-targeted type infections, and partial cross-protection to phylogenetically-related types, which may be affected by variant-level heterogeneity. We compared VE against incident HPV31, 33, 35, and 45 detections between lineages and SNPs in the L1 region among 2846 HPV-vaccinated and 5465 HPV-unvaccinated women through 11-years of follow-up in the Costa Rica HPV Vaccine Trial. VE was lower against HPV31-lineage-B (VE=60.7%;95%CI = 23.4%,82.8%) compared to HPV31-lineage-A (VE=94.3%;95%CI = 83.7%,100.0%) (VE-ratio = 0.64;95%CI = 0.25,0.90). Differential VE was observed at several lineage-associated HPV31-L1-SNPs, including a nonsynonymous substitution at position 6372 on the FG-loop, an important neutralization domain. For HPV35, the only SNP-level difference was at position 5939 on the DE-loop, with significant VE against nucleotide-G (VE=65.0%;95%CI = 28.0,87.8) but not for more the common nucleotide-A (VE=7.4%;95%CI = −34.1,36.7). Because of the known heterogeneity in precancer/cancer risk across cross-protected HPV genotype variants by race and region, our results of differential variant-level AS04-adjuvanted HPV16/18 vaccine efficacy has global health implications.

Abstract Running speed degradation of insect-scale (less than 5 cm) legged microrobots after carrying payloads has become a bottleneck for microrobots to achieve high untethered locomotion performance. In this work, we present a 2-cm legged microrobot (BHMbot, BeiHang Microrobot) with ultrafast untethered running speeds, which is facilitated by the complementary combination of bouncing length and bouncing frequency in the microrobot’s running gait. The untethered BHMbot (2-cm-long, 1760 mg) can achieve a running speed of 17.5 BL s−1 and a turning centripetal acceleration of 65.4 BL s−2 at a Cost of Transport of 303.7 and a power consumption of 1.77 W. By controlling its two front legs independently, the BHMbot demonstrates various locomotion trajectories including circles, rectangles, letters and irregular paths across obstacles through a wireless control module. Such advancements enable the BHMbot to carry out application attempts including sound signal detection, locomotion inside a turbofan engine and transportation via a quadrotor.

Abstract Background Traditional biochemical screening for neonatal inherited metabolic diseases has high false-positive rates and low positive predictive values, which are not conducive to early diagnosis and increase parents’ anxiety. This study analysed the relationship between gene variant carriers and their biochemical indicators in traditional biochemical screening, aiming to find explanations for false positives in newborns. Results This retrospective study included 962 newborns. Newborns underwent traditional biochemical screening at birth using blood staining and genomic sequencing of their stored blood staining using the NeoSeq Pro panel, which was able to detect 154 pathogenic genes and 86 diseases. A total of 632 newborns were carriers of gene variants. 56% of congenital hypothyroidism carriers had higher thyroid-stimulating hormone levels than normal newborns. Abnormal biochemical indices were detected in 71% of carriers of organic acid metabolic diseases, 69% of carriers of amino acid metabolic diseases, and 85% of carriers of fatty acid β oxidation disorders. In carriers associated with organic acid metabolic diseases, the propionylcarnitine (C3), C3/acetylcarnitine (C2), and methylmalonylcarnitine (C4DC) + 3-hydroxyisovalerylcarnitine (C5OH) levels were higher than those in non-carriers (C3: 4.12 vs. 1.66 µmol/L; C3/C2: 0.15 vs. 0.09; C4DC + C5OH: 0.22 vs. 0.19 µmol/L). In carriers associated with amino acid metabolic diseases, phenylalanine levels were higher than those in non-carriers (68.00 vs. 52.05 µmol/L). For carriers of fatty acid β oxidation disorders, butyrylcarnitine levels were higher than those in non-carriers (0.31 vs. 0.21 µmol/L), while the free carnitine levels were lower than those in non-carriers (14.65 vs. 21.87 µmol/L). There was a higher occurrence of carriers among newborns who received false-positive results for amino acid metabolic diseases compared to those who received negative results (15.52% vs. 6.71%). Similarly, there was a higher occurrence of carriers among newborns who received false-positive results for fatty acid β oxidation disorders compared to those who received negative results (28.30% vs. 7.29%). Conclusions This study showed that the carriers comprised a large number of newborns. Carriers had abnormal biochemical indicators compared with non-carriers, which could explain the false-positive rate for newborns using traditional newborn biochemical screening, especially in amino acid metabolic and fatty acid β oxidation disorders.

As one of the most critical and failure-prone parts of the mechanical systems of industrial equipment, bearings are subjected to high loads for long periods of time. When they fail or wear irreversibly, they may cause accidents or even huge economic losses. Therefore, effective health monitoring and fault diagnosis are of great significance to ensure safe and stable operation of industrial equipment. In order to further promote the development of bearing health monitoring and fault diagnosis technology, the current existing models and methods are analyzed and summarized, and the existing technologies are divided and compared. Starting from the distribution of vibration signal data used, firstly, the relevant methods under uniform data distribution are sorted out, the classification, analysis and summary of the current research status are carried out mainly according to signal-based analysis and data-driven-based, and the shortcomings and defects of the fault detection methods in this case are outlined. Secondly, considering the problem of uneven data acquisition under actual working conditions, the detection methods for dealing with such cases are summarized, and different processing techniques for this problem in existing research are classified into data processing methods, feature extraction methods, and model improvement methods according to their different focuses, and the existing problems are analyzed and summarized. Finally, the challenges and future development directions of bearing fault detection in existing industrial equipment are summarized and prospected.

Phenols and parabens, as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), are prevalent in daily consumer products and industrial applications. Folate, a vital vitamin, plays a crucial role in numerous metabolic processes. The interaction between EDCs and folate is not well understood and warrants investigation. We utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005–2016. Since many pollutants are co-exposed congeners, with interactive effects between pollutants, we employed multivariate linear regression model, weighted quantile sum regression, and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) to quantify the impact of folate levels in serum and red blood cell (RBC) and the overall effects of combined exposures. The study included 4395 children and adolescents. A negative correlation was observed between RBC folate concentrations and urinary concentrations of Bisphenol A (BPH), Triclosan (TRS), Methyl paraben (MPB), Propyl paraben (PPB), and Butyl paraben (BUP), in children and adolescents. Specifically, an increase in RBC folate levels was linked to a decrease in urinary BPH, TRS, MPB, PPB, and BUP concentrations. Similar associations were found with serum folate. The weighted quantile sum index showed a decrease in both RBC and serum folate levels with an increase in the mixture of phenols and parabens. BKMR further supported the overall negative impact of the chemical mixture on folate levels. This study provides evidence of an inverse relationship between exposure to phenols and parabens and folate concentrations in children and adolescents, which would be of significance in providing guidance for clinical interventions and calling for remediation actions to be prioritized during childhood.

Objectives: To comprehensively analyze the copper metabolism in Breast cancer, we established a prognostic signature for breast cancer (BC) related to copper metabolism. Methods: Copper metabolism-related genes were sourced from previous literatures and were selected by the Univariate Cox regression. Cu-enrichment scores were calculated via ssGSEA. Differentially expressed genes were identified with limma between high and low Cu-enrichment scores group, then we used the Random Survival Forest and LASSO to build the CuScore for BC. Kaplan-Meier analysis, ROC curves, and Cox regression were used to evaluate CuScore. Genomic mutations were analyzed with GISTIC. Immune cells were examined using ESTIMATE, ssGSEA and TIMER. Enrichment analysis used clusterProfiler and GSVA. The GDSC database and oncoPredict package analyzed chemotherapeutic sensitivity. MMP13 was selected for in vitro assays. Results: Four copper metabolism-related genes (UBE2D2, SLC31A1, ATP7A, and MAPK1) with prognostic value were identified. Higher expression levels of these genes were associated with higher Cu-enrichment scores, a factor of malignancy in breast cancer. Among 115 differentially expressed genes, 19 prognostic genes were identified, with three (CEACAM5, MMP13, and CRISP3) highlighted by Random Survival Forest and LASSO. Higher CuScores correlated with worse prognoses and were effective in predicting breast cancer outcomes. CuScore and metastasis were independent prognostic factors. Tumor-infiltrating immune cells were associated with lower CuScores. GO-GSEA analysis indicated six immune-related pathways might be regulated by CuScore. Patients with higher CuScores had lower TMB and were more sensitive to Sapitinib and LCL161, while those with lower CuScores might respond better to anti-PD1 therapy. High MMP13 expression in breast cancer was linked to malignancy, affecting cell proliferation and migration. Conclusion: The identified copper metabolism-related gene signature has the potential to predict prognosis and guide clinical treatment for BC. Among these genes, MMP13 may act as a malignant factor in BC.

IntroductionOilseed flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) yields are phosphate (P) fertilizer-limited, especially in the temperate semiarid dryland regions of North China. However, there are limited studies on the effects of P-fertilizer inputs on plant growth and soil microorganisms in flax planting systems.MethodsTo address this gap, a field experiment was conducted with four treatments: no P addition and application of 40, 80, and 120 kg P ha-¹, respectively. The aim was to investigate the influence of various P fertilizer inputs on yield, plant dry matter, P use efficiency, as well as the population of soil arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and bacteria in dryland oilseed flax.ResultsOur results show that the P addition increased the dry matter, and the yield of oilseed increased by ~200% at 120 kg P ha-1 addition with inhibition on the growth of AMF hyphae. The moderate P supply (80 kg ha-1) was adequate for promoting P translocation, P use efficiency, and P recovery efficiency. Soil pH, available P, and available K significantly (p< 0.05) promoted the abundance of the dominant taxa (Acidobacteria_GP6, Sphingobacteria and Bacteroidetes). In addition, it is imperative to comprehend the mechanism of interaction between phosphorus-fertilizer inputs and microbiota in oilseed flax soil. DiscussionThis necessitates further research to quantify and optimize the moderate phosphorus supply, regulate soil microbes to ensure high phosphorus utilization, and ultimately establish a sustainable system for oilseed flax cultivation in the local area.

Pedestrians contribute significantly to the total number of road fatalities and injuries, with their behavior playing a pivotal role in traffic mishaps. Despite this, a limited body of research has delved into the walking behaviors of Chinese seniors. Given this gap, our study rigorously examines the patterns of seniors’ walking behaviors and their influencing factors. We employed exploratory factor analysis to decipher the intrinsic component structures of seniors' walking patterns in China. Subsequently, structural equation modeling was utilized to analyze the impact of demographic attributes and personality characteristics on these behaviors. The findings revealed a four-dimensional structure for senior walking behaviors: transgression, inattention, aggression, and positive behaviors. Introducing personality traits as variables notably enhanced the explanatory power of our model. Specifically, anger, altruism, and normlessness significantly influenced certain dimensions of walking behaviors, while sensation-seeking did not exhibit any notable effect. This study not only highlights the complexity and diversity of elderly walking behaviors but also underscores the importance of tailored interventions to improve walking safety and quality of life for seniors.

The United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are significant in guiding modern scientific research. In recent years, scholars have paid much attention to MOFs materials as green materials. However, piezo catalysis of MOFs materials has not been widely studied. Piezoelectric materials can convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, while MOFs are effective photocatalysts for removing pollutants. Therefore, it is crucial to design MOFs with piezoelectric properties and photosensitivity. In this study, sulfur-functionalized metal–organic frameworks (S-MOFs) were prepared using organic sulfur-functionalized ligand (H2TDC) ultrasonic synthesis to enhance their piezoelectric properties and visible light absorption. The study demonstrated that the S-MOFs significantly enhanced the reduction of a 10 mg/L solution of hexavalent chromium to 99.4 % within 10 min, using only 15 mg of catalyst. The orbital energy level differences of the elements were analyzed using piezo response force microscopy (PFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results showed that MOFs functionalized with sulfur atom ligands have a built-in electric field that facilitates charge separation and migration. This study presents a new approach to enhance the piezoelectric properties of MOFs, which broadens their potential applications in piezo catalysis and piezo-photocatalysis. Additionally, it provides a sustainable method for reducing hexavalent chromium, contributing to the achievement of sustainable development goals, specifically SDG-6, SDG-7, SDG-9, and SDG-12.