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This study assesses the prognosis of bone tumor chemotherapy. The expressions of P53 and NM23 were measured to analyze their relationship. The curative effect distributions of patients with positive and negative expression of P53 were not the same (x2 =10.513, P =0.016). P53 positive level was associated with nausea and vomiting (x2 = 18.664, P x2 = 23.346, P x2 = 16.514, P < 0.05), as well as incidence of complications. The 3-year survival rate was 38.3% for patients with P53 positive level and 31.4% for patients with negative, with a significant difference (Log rank x2 = 6.417, P = 0.011, HR = 1.784, 95%CI: 1.084–2.936). Adjuvant chemotherapy is an important treatment for osteosarcoma, but it has not achieved satisfactory outcomes in terms of improving the prognosis, and there are still problems of high recurrence and metastasis rates after surgery. After osteosarcoma treatment, it is faced tumor recurrence and metastasis and bone repair. The precise exploration of prognostic targets participates in this disease. This study thus explored the prognosis of two important tumor suppressor genes, and herein results showed that, the expression of human tumor suppressor gene P53 has an important effect on bone tumor patients receiving Folinic acid, fluorouracil and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX). The curative effect and safety of chemotherapy have a certain predictive effect, and play an important guiding role in tumor metastasis and recurrence after treatment, among which P53 can also predict the mid-term survival of patients.

Sorafenib (SF) is the first drug demonstrated to improve the survival of patients diagnosed with advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its clinical application is limited by the poor oral bioavailability and severe side effects. In this study, a multifunctional micellar nanodrug was developed for simultaneous HCC-targeted delivery of SF and tumor detection with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The micellar nanodrug incorporating SF and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) was prepared from a diblock copolymer of monomethoxyl poly(ethylene glycol) and poly(N-(2-aminoethanethiol-co-2-aminoethyldiisopropylamine) aspartamide) and then decorated with anti-glypican-3 antibody (AbGPC3). Owing to the small size, weak positive charge and AbGPC3-mediated active targeting to HCC cells, the nanodrug exhibited an easy cellular uptake and enhanced tumor accumulation. The prominent reduction and pH dual-sensitivity allowed the nanodrug to rapidly release SF inside cancer cells via responding to the cytoplasmic glutathione and lysosomal acidity. The nanodrug not only significantly improved the anticancer effects of SF in hepatoma treatment but also facilitated a noninvasive tumor detection and monitoring of in vivo drug delivery by MRI, which revealed its great potential as a promising theranostic system.

Zhimei Zhou,1,* Liteng Lin,1,* Yongcheng An,1,* Meixiao Zhan,2 Ye Chen,1 Mingyue Cai,1 Xiaojing Zhu,1 Ligong Lu,2 Kangshun Zhu1 1Laboratory of Interventional Radiology, Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Radiology and Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, People’s Republic of China; 2Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People’s Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, 519000, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Kangshun ZhuLaboratory of Interventional Radiology, Department of Minimally Invasive Interventional Radiology and Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 250 Changgang East Road, Guangzhou 510260, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-20-34152264Fax + 6-20-34152281Email zhksh010@163.comLigong LuZhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People’s Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, 79 Kangning Road, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province 519000, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 7-56-2222569Fax +86 7-56-2162086Email lu_ligong@163.comBackground: The response rate of immunotherapy via immune checkpoint blockade in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is limited due to multiple immune evasion mechanisms. OX40 is a T cell co-stimulating molecule which suppresses the cancer immune evasion by activating effector T cells (Teffs) and counteracting regulatory T cells (Tregs). TLR9 belongs to the toll-like receptor superfamily which promotes tumour antigen presentation by stimulating the maturation of dendritic cells. Though the combination immunotherapy of TLR9 agonist (CpG) and OX40 agonist (anti-OX40 antibody) has shown encouraging efficacy in various tumours, its effect on HCC remains unknown.Materials and Methods: Orthotopic and ectopic HCC models were constructed by implanting Hepa1-6 cells at different body sites of the mice. Immune agents were administrated via three ways, including intratumoural injection into one site of the tumour, intraperitoneal injection, and subcutaneous injection. The anti-tumour immune response was evaluated by the regression of both the local treated tumour and distant untreated tumour. The ratio and function of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, Tregs and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) were analyzed by flow cytometry.Results: CpG via intratumoural injection remarkably upregulated the weakly expressed OX40 of intratumoural T cells. The combination immunotherapy of CpG and anti-OX40 antibody via intratumoural injection significantly inhibited the growth of local and distant tumours, and also effectively prevented their recurrence. Excitingly, drug administration via intratumoural injection, rather than via intraperitoneal or subcutaneous injections, induced potent anti-tumour immune response. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the combination immunotherapy promoted CD8+ and CD4+ T cells, and inhibited Tregs and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, contributing to the effective inhibition on HCC. Noteworthily, the combination immunotherapy also induced an immune memory response.Conclusion: The intratumoural administration of combined CpG and anti-OX40 antibody serves as a promising immunotherapy against HCC.Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma, immunotherapy, combination therapy, toll-like receptor, intratumoural administration

This study aimed to investigate the changes of protein kinase C (PKC)-potentiated phosphatase inhibitor of 17 ku (CPI-17) expression, PKC activity and Rho kinase activity in the maternal uterine sm...

This article first introduces the research background and working principle of the TX phase alignment function of the Virtex-7 series FPGA. Then, according to the application requirements of the PCIe protocol, a design scheme for 12-channel bonding based on the GTH IP core is proposed. This solution solves the traditional High-speed serial transceivers only support up to eight channel bonding problems. The simulation results and board-level verification results of the solution show that the solution can stably achieve 12-channel bonding, and at the same time, the link bandwidth can be expanded to 1.5 times.

This article first discusses the DDR3 system calibration principle of the Virtex-7 series FPGA, analyzes the reliability of the DDR3 controller under different temperature and voltage conditions, and then proposes a solution to improve the reliability of the DDR3 controller. Simulation verification and on-board debugging test results show that this solution can effectively improve the reliability of the DDR3 system in FPGA devices under different temperature and voltage changes.

This paper first introduces the influence of process parameter fluctuation on FPGA interconnect timing. Then, according to the characteristics of FPGA architecture and the implementation method, the reason of FPGA chip yield reduction caused by interconnect timing difference is analyzed. Finally, this paper proposes a technical scheme of embedded EFUSE timing calibration, and introduces the calibration circuit. Chip test results show that the scheme can effectively control interconnect timing deviation and improve FPGA chip yield when process fluctuation is serious.

This article first introduces two implementation methods of Virtex-7 series FPGA reconfiguration, and then combines two implementation methods according to their characteristics, proposes an online upgrade solution based on FPGA reconfiguration. Finally, according to the scheme design, simulation results show that the online upgrade scheme can ensure that the FPGA chip will not cause functional failure after the online upgrade.

This article first introduces the implementation of FPGA dynamic partial reconfiguration, combined with the space radiation environment’s demand for FPGA configuration refresh, and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of different refresh control systems. According to the understanding of the FPGA bitstream structure, this paper proposes a Self-Refresh bitstream design scheme based on FPGA dynamic partial reconfiguration and designs the corresponding bitstream. The simulation results show that the bitstream design scheme is easy to implement in FPGA and significantly reduces the refresh time.

Based on the theory of thermal characteristic of diode and use reference voltage compare with diode temperature to realize a thermal shutdown circuit within thermal hysteresis. Bandgap circuit was used to provide reference voltage. Detailed theory derivation and design method were gave by this paper, the corresponding solution of the difficult part was also gave. By the comparison of simulation and test result we can know that this kind of thermal shutdown circuit can realize accurate thermal shutdown and hysteresis.

This paper introduces the design method of automotive automatic air conditioner controller based on temperature and photo sensor. This paper also introduces the application of different sensor, temperature control method and algorithm, throttle control algorithm, blower control algorithm. From the control result graph of automatic air conditioner under environment emulation laboratory, we can know that the temperature control is good enough.

Liver fibrosis currently represents a global health problem without effective pharmacotherapeutic strategies. The clinical translation of polydatin, a promising natural anti‐fibrotic drug candidate with broad anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant capabilities, remains a major challenge due to its limited water solubility and tissue absorption. Herein, a polydatin‐loaded micelle (PD‐MC) based on reactive oxygen species (ROS) and pH dual‐sensitive block polymer PEG‐P(PBEM‐co‐DPA) is developed. The micelle exerts great potential in improving the biocompatibility of polydatin and shows highly efficient liver‐targeted drug release in response to the fibrotic microenvironment. Both in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate that PD‐MC can significantly suppress inflammatory response and oxidative stress, reduce hepatocyte apoptosis, and avert activation of macrophages and hepatic stellate cells. More excitingly, the blank micelle itself promotes the hepatic ROS consumption at the pathologic site to provide anti‐inflammatory benefits. These favorable therapeutic virtues of targeting multiple cell types endow PD‐MC with remarkable efficacy with minimal side effects in liver fibrosis treatment. Thus, PD‐MC holds great potential to push forward the clinical application of polydatin in pharmacotherapeutic approaches against liver fibrosis., A reactive oxygen species and pH dual‐sensitive polydatin‐encapsulated micelle (PD‐MC) is developed for liver‐targeted drug release in response to the fibrotic microenvironment for the treatment of liver fibrosis. In vitro and in vivo results demonstrate that PD‐MC ameliorates liver fibrosis by suppressing inflammatory response and oxidative stress, reducing hepatocyte apoptosis, and averting activation of macrophages and hepatic stellate cells.

Emerging pH-sensitive polymeric nanocarriers carrying therapeutic drugs are bringing about new opportunities for the effective treatment of cancer. A big challenge remains though to develop pH-sensitive polymers, which is hard to achieve via introducing only one kind of pH-sensitive chemical structure with a specific pKa. Consequently, in this study, an amphiphilic block copolymer, poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(β-benzyl l-aspartate) (mPEG-PBLA), was synthesized, and its PBLA block was aminolyzed by N,N-diisopropylamino ethylamine (DIP) and N,N-dibutalamino ethylamine (DBA) at different molar ratios. The copolymer mPEG-PAsp(DBA75%&DIP25%) (PPAP75%) with an appropriate pKa was screened out to form a pH-sensitive micelle, which could encapsulate a high content of the hydrophobic anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) at neutral pH, but disassemble rapidly under weak acidic conditions. The micellar nanodrug was efficiently taken up by HepG2 cells and intracellular DOX release was readily triggered inside acidic lysosomal compartments to allow migration of the free drug to the cell nucleus. In vivo fluorescence and MR bimodal imaging showed that the pegylated nanodrug with a suitable size and weak positive charge could stay longer in the blood circulation and extravasate preferentially into a tumor. The nanodrug not only exhibited high cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells but also significantly prolonged the survival time of tumor-bearing mice, thereby demonstrating the great potential of this pH-sensitive and MRI-visible micelle for the effective treatment of cancer.

The present study was an effort to determine the bacterial diversity of soils in Mingyong Glacier located at the Meili Snow Mountains of southwestern China. Mingyong Glacier has different climatic zones within a very narrow area, and bacterial community diversity in this low temperature area remains largely unknown. In this study, soil samples were collected from four different climatic zones: M11A (dry warm valley), M14 (forest), M15 (grass land), and M16 (glacier zones). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene V6 hypervariable region showed high bacterial abundance in the glacier. The number of Operational Taxonomic Units ranged from 2.24×10

The management of wild mushroom is interdisciplinary in nature, whereby the biophysical considerations have to be incorporated into the context of a wide range of social, economic and political concerns. However, to date, little documentation exists illustrating an interdisciplinary approach to management of wild mushrooms. Moreover, the empirical case studies necessary for developing applicable and practical methods are even more rare. This paper adopted an interdisciplinary approach combining participatory methods to improve the habitat management of Thelephora ganbajun, an endemic and one of the most economically valuable mushroom species in Southwest China. The paper documents an empirical case of how an interdisciplinary approach facilitated the development of a scientific basis for policy and management practice, and built the local capacity to create, adopt and sustain the new rules and techniques of mushroom management. With this integrative perspective, a sustainable management strategy was developed, which was found not only technically feasible for farmers, but also acceptable to the government from an ecological and policy-related perspective. More importantly, this approach has greatly contributed to raising the income of farmers. The paper highlights how the integration of biophysical and socioeconomic factors and different knowledge systems provided a holistic perspective to problem diagnosis and resolution, which helped to cope with conventional scientific dilemmas. Finally, it concludes that the success of this interdisciplinary approach is significant in the context of policy decentralization and reform for incorporating indigenous knowledge and local participation in forest management.

Indigenous knowledge has become a topic of considerable interest within the research and development environment. Incorporating indigenous knowledge into state-led 'top-down' conservation and development programmes, however, is still a great challenge. This paper presents a case from Yunnan, Southwest China, in which indigenous knowledge has been integrated into the development of an agroforestry model with non-timber forest products for the Sloping Land Conservation Programme (SLCP) by using a participatory technology development (PTD) approach. This approach was adopted to increase the likelihood that technologies developed would be suitable for resource-poor households. It is expected that integrating indigenous and scientific knowledge, will lead to positive ecological and economic outcomes. Finally, the paper argues that the integration of indigenous knowledge in both forestry policy formulation and implementation is important in the context of sustainable forest management in mountain areas. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The agile virtual enterprise sets up the distribution centre and store centre of the dynamic alliance. It's the important way that realizes the supply chain "the agility".It is discussed in this paper. This paper uses the precise centroid method and linear plan model to carry on the selected location modelling for the store centre of the dynamic alliance and example analysis.

The supply chain management strategy of the agile virtual enterprise is presented. The important role of the dynamic alliance in the agile information system running is discussed. The design and realization technology of the logistics information platform using ASP technology to support the agile supply chain of the dynamic alliance are studied. The work principles of web database technology and the logistics information platform of the dynamic alliance are introduced.

The matched-filter is widely used in real time signal processing, especially in radar signal processing. This paper presents a novel structure of a digital tracking radar matched-filter, whose hardware overhead is one third of the traditional design but its throughput is doubled. With block-floating-point arithmetic, the precision is highly improved. The whole digital matched-filter is implemented in just one FPGA chip. This ASIC has two work modes: 512 points pulse compression and 256 points pulse compression. It complements three channels of 512 points complex signals in 102 /spl mu/s. The signal-to-noise ratio formula of this matched-filter is deduced at the end of the paper.