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A disruptive revolution is forming for the blockchain based communication network framework with end-to-end P2P based architecture of distributed computation, storage, and networking paradigm - the Next Generation Blockchain Network (NGBN). The core theme of NGBN is to push up communication PHY layer and push down application layer (e.g. storage and computation) to converge on a single networking layer - called Blockchain Network Layer (BNL) - such that blockchain token economy can be efficiently implemented to support an end-to-end P2P mesh network with unlimitedly scalable, available to everyone, and expandable by peer nodes' joining openly, robust and secure network environment for all the IoT, big data, AI applications to be coming in the next 10 years. To achieve this goal, a joint effort is needed to pull together various resources, including network resources, communication resources, application and chip level support, software and system, and initial proof of concept trials for the end-to-end deployment.

Micro-sized silver powders were decorated with nano-scaled Ag/AgI clusters on the surface via a simple reaction with iodine and subsequent exposure to sunshine. Surface morphologies, crystal structures, and thermal properties of the powders were characterized. The powders with different mole ratios of I:Ag (0:100, 2:100, 10:100) were employed in silver pastes to evaluate sinterability and electrical conductivity of thick films. Microstructures and sheet resistance of the films were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and the four-point probe method. The particles coated with and without nano-sized Ag/AgI clusters showed different sintering behaviors. Moreover, clear necks were formed between the Ag particles with the ratio of 2:100 even at 570°C, whereas those untreated remained discrete. However, over-decoration lowered sinterability and electrical conductivity.