3,368 results on '"Zhijun Li"'
Search Results
2. Bone metastasis prediction in non-small-cell lung cancer: primary CT-based radiomics signature and clinical feature
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Zheng Liu, Rui Yin, Wenjuan Ma, Zhijun Li, Yijun Guo, Haixiao Wu, Yile Lin, Vladimir P. Chekhonin, Karl Peltzer, Huiyang Li, Min Mao, Xiqi Jian, and Chao Zhang
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Non-small-cell lung cancer ,Bone metastasis ,Radiomics ,Risk factor ,Predict ,Medical technology ,R855-855.5 - Abstract
Abstract Background Radiomics provided opportunities to quantify the tumor phenotype non-invasively. This study extracted contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) radiomic signatures and evaluated clinical features of bone metastasis in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). With the combination of the revealed radiomics and clinical features, the predictive modeling on bone metastasis in NSCLC was established. Methods A total of 318 patients with NSCLC at the Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital was enrolled between January 2009 and December 2019, which included a feature-learning cohort (n = 223) and a validation cohort (n = 95). We trained a radiomics model in 318 CECT images from feature-learning cohort to extract the radiomics features of bone metastasis in NSCLC. The Kruskal-Wallis and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression (LASSO) were used to select bone metastasis-related features and construct the CT radiomics score (Rad-score). Multivariate logistic regression was performed with the combination of the Rad-score and clinical data. A predictive nomogram was subsequently developed. Results Radiomics models using CECT scans were significant on bone metastasis prediction in NSCLC. Model performance was enhanced with each information into the model. The radiomics nomogram achieved an AUC of 0.745 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.68,0.80) on predicting bone metastasis in the training set and an AUC of 0.808(95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.71,0.88) in the validation set. Conclusion The revealed invisible image features were of significance on guiding bone metastasis prediction in NSCLC. Based on the combination of the image features and clinical characteristics, the predictive nomogram was established. Such nomogram can be used for the auxiliary screening of bone metastasis in NSCLC.
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- 2024
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3. Modified Bentonite As a Dissolve-Extrusion Composite and Its Modification Mechanism
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Jingpeng Tan, Zhijun Li, Gan Zhao, Guangding Guo, Hao Zhang, and Sheng Wang
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Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Published
- 2024
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4. General negative pressure annealing approach for creating ultra-high-loading single atom catalyst libraries
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Yi Wang, Chongao Li, Xiao Han, Jintao Bai, Xuejing Wang, Lirong Zheng, Chunxia Hong, Zhijun Li, Jinbo Bai, Kunyue Leng, Yue Lin, and Yunteng Qu
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Science - Abstract
Abstract Catalyst systems populated by high-density single atoms are crucial for improving catalytic activity and selectivity, which can potentially maximize the industrial prospects of heterogeneous single-atom catalysts (SACs). However, achieving high-loading SACs with metal contents above 10 wt% remains challenging. Here we describe a general negative pressure annealing strategy to fabricate ultrahigh-loading SACs with metal contents up to 27.3–44.8 wt% for 13 different metals on a typical carbon nitride matrix. Furthermore, our approach enables the synthesis of high-entropy single-atom catalysts (HESACs) that exhibit the coexistence of multiple metal single atoms with high metal contents. In-situ aberration-corrected HAADF-STEM (AC-STEM) combined with ex-situ X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) demonstrate that the negative pressure annealing treatment accelerates the removal of anionic ligand in metal precursors and boosts the bonding of metal species with N defective sites, enabling the formation of dense N-coordinated metal sites. Increasing metal loading on a platinum (Pt) SAC to 41.8 wt% significantly enhances the activity of propane oxidation towards liquid products, including acetone, methanol, and acetic acid et al. This work presents a straightforward and universal approach for achieving many low-cost and high-density SACs for efficient catalytic transformations.
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- 2024
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5. Rapid and Sustained Effect of Ixekizumab on Patient Global, Spinal Pain, Stiffness, and Fatigue in Chinese Patients with Radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis
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Xiaoxia Zhu, Jiankang Hu, Dongzhou Liu, Jingyang Li, Huaxiang Wu, Lingyun Sun, Lie Dai, Chunyu Tan, Zhijun Li, Zhengyu Xiao, Xiaomei Li, Yan Yan, Guanshen Dou, Yuzi Sun, and Hejian Zou
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Fatigue ,Ixekizumab ,Patient-reported outcome ,Radiographic axial spondyloarthritis ,Spinal pain ,Stiffness ,Diseases of the musculoskeletal system ,RC925-935 - Abstract
Abstract Introduction Ixekizumab, an interleukin 17A (IL-17A) inhibitor, has demonstrated rapid and sustained improvement in the signs and symptoms in patients with active radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (r-axSpA) in global and Chinese populations. We studied the effect of ixekizumab on patient-reported outcomes (PROs) (including patient global, spinal pain, stiffness, and fatigue) and overall health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of ixekizumab in the phase 3 study in China. Methods In this Chinese phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, patients with r-axSpA were randomized (1:1) to receive ixekizumab 80 mg every 4 weeks (IXEQ4W; starting dose 160 mg) or placebo for 16 weeks. At week 16, patients receiving placebo were switched to IXEQ4W, and those receiving IXEQ4W continued, until week 52. Data for patient global, spinal pain, spinal pain at night, stiffness, and fatigue were collected through week 52. Minimally clinical important differences (MCIDs) were determined for spinal pain and spinal pain at night. The subgroup analyses by baseline disease duration since diagnosis and baseline C-reactive protein (CRP) level were conducted post hoc. Results Compared with placebo, patients treated with IXEQ4W reported significantly greater improvement with a rapid onset in changes from baseline of PROs (patient global, spinal pain, spinal pain at night, stiffness, and fatigue) through week 16. Improvements were maintained through week 52. A similar trend of improvement was also observed in MCID response in spinal pain and spinal pain at night. The improvement in overall HRQoL was supported by EQ-5D-5L assessment. Subgroup analyses demonstrated that IXEQ4W provided significantly greater efficacy at week 16 compared with placebo, irrespective of baseline disease duration or baseline CRP level. Conclusion IXEQ4W provided rapid and sustained improvement in clinically relevant PROs and overall HRQoL through 1-year treatment in Chinese patients with r-axSpA. Regardless of the baseline disease duration or baseline CRP level, consistent efficacy was observed. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT04285229.
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- 2024
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6. Optimal dose and type of exercise to improve depressive symptoms in older adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
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Lili Tang, Lin Zhang, Yanbo Liu, Yan Li, Lijuan Yang, Mingxuan Zou, Huiran Yang, Lingyu Zhu, Ruihong Du, Ye Shen, Haoyu Li, Yong Yang, and Zhijun Li
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Exercise ,Dose–response relationship ,Older adults ,Depressive symptoms ,Geriatrics ,RC952-954.6 - Abstract
Abstract Background Depression is a prevalent issue among older adults, affecting their quality of life and overall well-being. Exercise is an effective means of relieving depressive symptoms in older adults, but the optimal dose for different exercise types remains unclear. As such, the aim of this meta-analysis was to examine the dose–response relationship between overall and specific types of exercise with depression symptoms in older adults. Methods This systematic review and network meta-analysis included a search of PubMed, Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane library, and Web of Science for randomized controlled trials of exercise in older adults with depression symptoms from inception to 15 July 2023. Comprehensive data extraction covered dose, treatment regimen, demographics and study duration. Dosage metrics, encompassing METs-min/week, were scrutinized in correlation with the Minimal Clinically Importance Difference (MCID). Results A total of 47 studies involving 2895 participants and 7 kinds of exercise were included in the review. Without considering the dose, the results of our network meta-analysis indicated that Walking was the most effective in alleviating depression in older adults, in addition to Aerobic exercise (AE), Yoga, Qigong, Resistance training (RT), and Tai Chi (TC), which were equally effective. However, the results of the dose–response analysis found that Aerobic exercise was most effective at a dose of 1000 METs-min/week. It is noteworthy that Walking is significantly effective in alleviating depressive symptoms in older adults at very low doses. In terms of clinical benefits, we found that overall exercise doses in the range of 600 ~ 970 METs-min/week were clinically effective. Considering the specific types of exercise, Aerobic exercise, Resistance training, Walking, and Yoga were found to be effective at doses ranging from 820 ~ 1000 METs-min/week, 520 ~ 1000 METs-min/week, 650 ~ 1000 METs-min/week, 680 ~ 1000 METs-min/week, respectively. At the same time, we found that when the age exceeded 81 years, even when participating in exercise, it did not achieve the effect of alleviating depressive symptoms in older adults. Conclusions In conclusion, including Walking, AE, Yoga, Qigong, RT, and TC, effectively alleviate depressive symptoms in older adults. Furthermore, we established statistically and clinically significant threshold doses for various exercise types. Early initiation of exercise is beneficial, but its efficacy diminishes from the age of 80, and beyond 81, exercise no longer significantly alleviates depressive symptoms.
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- 2024
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7. Mapping stress heterogeneity in single-crystal superalloys by novel submicron-resolved X-ray diffraction
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Jiawei Kou, Kai Chen, Shaoqi Huang, Chongpu Zhai, Ching-Yu Chiang, Sisheng Wang, Zhijun Li, and Yan-Dong Wang
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Stress heterogeneity mapping ,submicron-resolved X-ray diffraction ,nonuniform coherent precipitation ,Ni-based single crystal superalloys ,finite element analysis ,Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials ,TA401-492 - Abstract
Coherent precipitation, a common strengthening approach, is typically subjected to spatial non-uniformity due to microscopic segregation, leading to multi-scale stress heterogeneity. Such heterogeneity remains poorly characterized because unavailable local strain-free lattice parameters invalidate traditional diffraction-based stress measurement techniques. To overcome these limitations, we demonstrate a submicron-resolved synchrotron X-ray diffraction method to map coherency stress distribution based on the γ/γ′ lattice misfits in Ni-based superalloys. Assisted by finite element analysis, sub-dendritic stresses are deduced from heterogeneous coherency stresses, confirmed by the diffraction experiments. The methodology offers a comprehensive framework to assess stress heterogeneity at multi-scales for all coherent precipitation strengthened alloys.Impact statementThis study marks the first successful quantification of stress heterogeneity at multi-scales in alloys strengthened by non-uniform coherent precipitation, even in absence of strain-free lattice constants.
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- 2024
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8. Eligibility for knee arthroplasty is associated with increased risk of acquired hallux valgus - a Mendelian randomized study
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Zhijun Li, Zhengxuan Liu, Wei Shi, Xinyu Liang, Chunlei Xu, Kai Zhang, Hui Li, and Huafeng Zhang
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Acquired hallux valgus ,Knee arthroplasty ,Mendelian randomization ,Osteoarthritis ,Diseases of the musculoskeletal system ,RC925-935 - Abstract
Abstract Objective Clinically, it has been found that patients undergoing knee replacement have a high incidence of concomitant hallux valgus. In this study, we analyzed whether patients with osteoarthritis who underwent surgery and those patient who did not have surgery had an increased risk of hallux valgus by Mendelian randomization and performed reverse causal analysis. Design Genomewide association study (GWAS) data for osteoarthritis, categorized by knee arthritis with joint replacement, knee arthritis without joint replacement, hip arthritis with joint replacement, and hip arthritis without joint replacement.And acquired hallux valgus were downloaded for Mendelian randomized studies. MR analysis was performed using inverse variance-weighted (IVW), weighted median, and MR-Egger methods. MR-egger regression, MR pleiotropic residuals and outliers (MR-presso), and Cochran's Q statistical methods were used to evaluate heterogeneity and pleiotropy. Results The IVW results indicate that, compared to healthy individuals, patients who meet the criteria for knee osteoarthritis joint replacement surgery have a significantly higher risk of acquired hallux valgus. There were no significant causal relationships found for the remaining results. No significant heterogeneity or multiplicity was observed in all the Mr analyses. Conclusion Our study supports the increased risk of acquired hallux valgus in patients eligible for knee replacement. There is necessary for clinicians to be concerned about the hallux valgus status of patients undergoing knee arthroplasty.
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- 2024
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9. Synthesis and Evaluation of [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-HFn for PET Imaging of Transferrin Receptor 1 Expression in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
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Yanfang Shen, Renwei Zhou, Lei Bi, Guolong Huang, Min Yang, Zhijun Li, Jijin Yao, Jianzhong Xian, Yifan Qiu, Peizhen Ye, Yongshan Liu, Yuyi Hou, Hongjun Jin, and Ying Wang
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Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Published
- 2024
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10. Solvent-free selective hydrogenation of nitroaromatics to azoxy compounds over Co single atoms decorated on Nb2O5 nanomeshes
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Zhijun Li, Xiaowen Lu, Cong Guo, Siqi Ji, Hongxue Liu, Chunmin Guo, Xue Lu, Chao Wang, Wensheng Yan, Bingyu Liu, Wei Wu, J. Hugh Horton, Shixuan Xin, and Yu Wang
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Science - Abstract
Abstract The solvent-free selective hydrogenation of nitroaromatics to azoxy compounds is highly important, yet challenging. Herein, we report an efficient strategy to construct individually dispersed Co atoms decorated on niobium pentaoxide nanomeshes with unique geometric and electronic properties. The use of this supported Co single atom catalysts in the selective hydrogenation of nitrobenzene to azoxybenzene results in high catalytic activity and selectivity, with 99% selectivity and 99% conversion within 0.5 h. Remarkably, it delivers an exceptionally high turnover frequency of 40377 h–1, which is amongst similar state-of-the-art catalysts. In addition, it demonstrates remarkable recyclability, reaction scalability, and wide substrate scope. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the catalytic activity and selectivity are significantly promoted by the unique electronic properties and strong electronic metal-support interaction in Co1/Nb2O5. The absence of precious metals, toxic solvents, and reagents makes this catalyst more appealing for synthesizing azoxy compounds from nitroaromatics. Our findings suggest the great potential of this strategy to access single atom catalysts with boosted activity and selectivity, thus offering blueprints for the design of nanomaterials for organocatalysis.
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- 2024
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11. Exhausted signature and regulatory network of NK cells in myasthenia gravis
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Qing Zhang, Xingyu Han, Zhuajin Bi, Mengge Yang, Jing Lin, Zhijun Li, Min Zhang, and Bitao Bu
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myasthenia gravis ,NK cells ,IL-6 ,IL-21 ,SOCS2 ,Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Abstract
IntroductionNK cells are dysfunctional in myasthenia gravis (MG), but the mechanism is unclear. This study aims to measure associations and underlying mechanisms between the NK cells and the development of MG.MethodsTwenty healthy controls (HCs) and 53 MG patients who did not receive glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants were collected. According to the Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America (MGFA) classification, MG patients were categorized into MGFA I group (n = 18) and MGFA II-IV group (n = 35). Flow cytometry, cell sorting, ELISA, mRNA-sequencing, RT-qPCR, western blot, and cell culture experiments were performed to evaluate the regulatory mechanism of exhausted NK cells.ResultsPeripheral NK cells in MGFA II-IV patients exhibit exhausted phenotypes than HCs, marked by the dramatic loss of total NK cells, CD56dimCD16− NK cells, elevated PD1 expression, reduced NKG2D expression, impaired cytotoxic activity (perforin, granzyme B, CD107a) and cytokine secretion (IFN-γ). Plasma IL-6 and IL-21 are elevated in MG patients and mainly derived from the aberrant expansion of monocytes and Tfh cells, respectively. IL-6/IL-21 cooperatively induced NK-cell exhausted signature via upregulating SOCS2 and inhibiting the phosphorylation of STAT5. SOCS2 siRNA and IL-2 supplement attenuated the IL-6/IL-21-mediated alteration of NK-cell phenotypes and function.DiscussionInhibition of IL-6/IL-21/SOCS2/STAT5 pathway and recovery of NK-cell ability to inhibit autoimmunity may be a new direction in the treatment of MG.
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- 2024
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12. Causal association between inflammatory bowel disease and acute pancreatitis: a two-sample bidirectional mendelian randomization study
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Cong Zhang, Xiujing Fan, Zhijun Li, Zongyi Hu, Chengcheng He, Shanping Wang, and Mingsong Li
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inflammatory bowel disease ,acute pancreatitis ,mendelian randomization ,genome-wide association studies ,single-nucleotide polymorphisms ,Genetics ,QH426-470 - Abstract
BackgroundAcute pancreatitis (AP) is an extraintestinal manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Numerous observational studies have reported an increased risk of AP in patients diagnosed with IBD. However, the causal association and directionality between IBD or its subtypes and the development of AP remains unclear due to the limitations of observational research. This study aims to explore the relationship between IBD or its subtypes and AP risk using Mendelian Randomization (MR) method.MethodsA two-sample bidirectional MR study was conducted, selecting genetic variants associated with IBD and AP as instrumental variables from the International Inflammatory Bowel Disease Genetics Consortium (IIBDGC) and FinnGen databases, respectively. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method used as the primary approach for causal inference. The Cochran Q test was employed for heterogeneity assessment. Sensitivity analyses were performed using the MR Egger intercept test, MR-Presso, and Leave-one-out method.ResultsThe results revealed that IBD (OR = 1.049, 95% CI = 1.010–1.090, p = 0.013) and ulcerative colitis (UC) (OR = 1.057, 95% CI = 1.013–1.102, p = 0.011) were significantly associated with an increased risk of AP. However, Crohn’s disease (CD) (OR = 1.023, 95% CI = 0.993-1.055, p = 0.134) did not show a causal association with the risk of AP. Interestingly, AP was suggestively associated with a decreased risk of CD (OR = 0.797, 95% CI = 0.637-0.997, p = 0.047). Furthermore, there was no causal association between AP and the risk of IBD (OR = 0.886, 95% CI = 0.753-1.042, p = 0.144) or UC (OR = 0.947, 95% CI = 0.773-1.159, p = 0.595).ConclusionIn conclusion, this study provides genetic evidence supporting the causal influence of IBD (specifically UC) on AP, while CD does not appear to have a causal impact on AP.
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- 2024
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13. Comparative genomic analysis of the Growth-Regulating Factors-Interacting Factors (GIFs) in six Salicaceae species and functional analysis of PeGIF3 reveals their regulatory role in Populus heteromorphic leaves
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Yuqi Yang, Jianhao Sun, Chen Qiu, Peipei Jiao, Houling Wang, Zhihua Wu, and Zhijun Li
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Salicaceae ,Populus Euphratica ,GIF genes ,Heteromorphic leaves ,Regulatory function ,Biotechnology ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Genetics ,QH426-470 - Abstract
Abstract Background The growth-regulating factor-interacting factor (GIF) gene family plays a vital role in regulating plant growth and development, particularly in controlling leaf, seed, and root meristem homeostasis. However, the regulatory mechanism of heteromorphic leaves by GIF genes in Populus euphratica as an important adaptative trait of heteromorphic leaves in response to desert environment remains unknown. Results This study aimed to identify and characterize the GIF genes in P. euphratica and other five Salicaceae species to investigate their role in regulating heteromorphic leaf development. A total of 27 GIF genes were identified and characterized across six Salicaceae species (P. euphratica, Populus pruinose, Populus deltoides, Populus trichocarpa, Salix sinopurpurea, and Salix suchowensis) at the genome-wide level. Comparative genomic analysis among these species suggested that the expansion of GIFs may be derived from the specific Salicaceae whole-genome duplication event after their divergence from Arabidopsis thaliana. Furthermore, the expression data of PeGIFs in heteromorphic leaves, combined with functional information on GIF genes in Arabidopsis, indicated the role of PeGIFs in regulating the leaf development of P. euphratica, especially PeGIFs containing several cis-acting elements associated with plant growth and development. By heterologous expression of the PeGIF3 gene in wild-type plants (Col-0) and atgif1 mutant of A. thaliana, a significant difference in leaf expansion along the medial-lateral axis, and an increased number of leaf cells, were observed between the overexpressed plants and the wild type. Conclusion PeGIF3 enhances leaf cell proliferation, thereby resulting in the expansion of the central-lateral region of the leaf. The findings not only provide global insights into the evolutionary features of Salicaceae GIFs but also reveal the regulatory mechanism of PeGIF3 in heteromorphic leaves of P. euphratica.
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- 2024
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14. Dexamethasone Induced Osteocyte Apoptosis in Steroid‐Induced Femoral Head Osteonecrosis through ROS‐Mediated Oxidative Stress
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Xinglong Zhang, Zhenhuan Yang, Qian Xu, Chunlei Xu, Wei Shi, Ran Pang, Kai Zhang, Xinyu Liang, Hui Li, Zhijun Li, and Huafeng Zhang
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apoptosis ,osteocyte ,oxidative stress ,reactive oxygen species ,steroid‐induced femoral head osteonecrosis ,Orthopedic surgery ,RD701-811 - Abstract
Objective Glucocorticoid (GC) overuse is strongly associated with steroid‐induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SINFH). However, the underlying mechanism of SINFH remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the effect of dexamethasone (Dex)‐induced oxidative stress on osteocyte apoptosis and the underlying mechanisms. Methods Ten patients with SINFH and 10 patients with developmental dysplasia of the hips (DDH) were enrolled in our study. Sixty rats were randomly assigned to the Control, Dex, Dex + N‐Acetyl‐L‐cysteine (NAC), Dex + Dibenziodolium chloride (DPI), NAC, and DPI groups. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to examine edema in the femoral head of rats. Histopathological staining was performed to assess osteonecrosis. Immunofluorescence staining with TUNEL and 8‐OHdG was conducted to evaluate osteocyte apoptosis and oxidative damage. Immunohistochemical staining was carried out to detect the expression of NOX1, NOX2, and NOX4. Viability and apoptosis of MLO‐Y4 cells were measured using the CCK‐8 assay and TUNEL staining. 8‐OHdG staining was conducted to detect oxidative stress. 2′,7′‐Dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH‐DA) staining was performed to measure reactive oxygen species (ROS). The expression of NOX1, NOX2, and NOX4 in MLO‐Y4 cells was analyzed by Western blotting. Multiple comparisons were performed using one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results In patients and the rat model, hematoxylin–eosin (HE) staining revealed a significantly higher rate of empty lacunae in the SINFH group than in the DDH group. Immunofluorescence staining indicated a significant increase in TUNEL‐positive cells and 8‐OHdG‐positive cells in the SINFH group compared to the DDH group. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated a significant increase in the expression of NOX1, NOX2, and NOX4 proteins in SINFH patients compared to DDH patients. Moreover, immunohistochemical staining showed a significant increase in the proportion of NOX2‐positive cells compared to the Control group in the femoral head of rats. In vitro, Dex significantly inhibited the viability of osteocyte cells and induced apoptosis. After Dex treatment, the intracellular ROS level increased. However, Dex treatment did not alter the expression of NOX proteins in vitro. Additionally, NAC and DPI inhibited the generation of intracellular ROS and partially alleviated osteocyte apoptosis in vivo and in vitro. Conclusion This study demonstrates that GC promotes apoptosis of osteocyte cells through ROS‐induced oxidative stress. Furthermore, we found that the increased expression of NOXs induced by GC serves as an important source of ROS generation.
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- 2024
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15. Non-cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) inhibits innate immune responses via induction of mitophagy
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Zhijun Li, Ying Zhang, Bao Zhao, Qinghong Xue, Chunjiang Wang, Siyu Wan, Jingyu Wang, Xiwen Chen, and Xuefeng Qi
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BVDV ,cGAS ,innate immunity ,MAVS ,mitophagy ,PINK1-Parkin ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
Abstract Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) belongs to the genus Pestivirus within the family Flaviviridae. Mitophagy plays important roles in virus-host interactions. Here, we provide evidence that non-cytopathic (NCP) BVDV shifts the balance of mitochondrial dynamics toward fission and induces mitophagy to inhibit innate immune responses. Mechanistically, NCP BVDV triggers the translocation of dynamin-related protein (Drp1) to mitochondria and stimulates its phosphorylation at Ser616, leading to mitochondrial fission. In parallel, NCP BVDV-induced complete mitophagy via Parkin-dependent pathway contributes to eliminating damaged mitochondria to inhibit MAVS- and mtDNA-cGAS-mediated innate immunity responses, mtROS-mediated inflammatory responses and apoptosis initiation. Importantly, we demonstrate that the LIR motif of ERNS is essential for mitophagy induction. In conclusion, this study is the first to show that NCP BVDV-induced mitophagy plays a central role in promoting cell survival and inhibiting innate immune responses in vitro.
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- 2024
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16. Elevated expression of Toll-like receptor 7 and its correlation with clinical features in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome
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Huimin Yang, Chao Sun, Xin Wang, Tao Wang, Changhao Xie, and Zhijun Li
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Autoantibody ,Clinical features ,Immunoglobulin ,Toll-like receptor 7 ,Sjögren's syndrome ,Diseases of the musculoskeletal system ,RC925-935 ,Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Abstract
Abstract Background The labial salivary glands (LSGs) are important for the diagnosis, evaluation of therapeutic efficacy, and genetic analyses of primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS). In autoimmune diseases, the recognition of self nucleic acids and viral RNA and DNA through endogenous Toll-like receptor(TLR) triggers the production of type I IFN and pro-inflammatory cytokines, leading to the occurrence and progression of the disease. Here, we detected the expression of TLR7 in LSGs and analyse its correlation with clinical features and serum cytokines in pSS patients. Methods LSGs and serum samples were obtained from 56 pSS patients and 19 non-SS patients (non-pSS patients). The expression of TLR7 in the LSGs was evaluated with immunohistochemistry. The serum levels of interferon-α (IFN-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were quantified by ELISA. Laboratory parameters were measured by clinical standard laboratory techniques. Results TLR7-positive cells in pSS were localized in the ductal epithelial cells and lymphocytes of LSGs. The expression of TLR7 was upregulated in pSS patients compared with controls. Patients with anti-Ro52 antibody positivity showed higher TLR7 levels than those who were negative but not those with anti-Ro60 and anti-SSB. TLR7 levels were positively associated with the levels of IgG, IgA, ANA, IL-6, IFN-α and serum globulin but were not associated with IgM, C3, C4, or rheumatoid factor (RF) in serum. Conclusion TLR7 may be involved in the inflammatory response and the production of antibodies in pSS and plays an important role in local and systemic pSS manifestations. This research showed that TLR7 is involved in pSS pathogenesis.
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- 2024
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17. Shaping high-performance wearable robots for human motor and sensory reconstruction and enhancement
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Haisheng Xia, Yuchong Zhang, Nona Rajabi, Farzaneh Taleb, Qunting Yang, Danica Kragic, and Zhijun Li
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Science - Abstract
Abstract Most wearable robots such as exoskeletons and prostheses can operate with dexterity, while wearers do not perceive them as part of their bodies. In this perspective, we contend that integrating environmental, physiological, and physical information through multi-modal fusion, incorporating human-in-the-loop control, utilizing neuromuscular interface, employing flexible electronics, and acquiring and processing human-robot information with biomechatronic chips, should all be leveraged towards building the next generation of wearable robots. These technologies could improve the embodiment of wearable robots. With optimizations in mechanical structure and clinical training, the next generation of wearable robots should better facilitate human motor and sensory reconstruction and enhancement.
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- 2024
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18. The SSHVEP Paradigm-Based Brain Controlled Method for Grasping Robot Using MVMD Combined CNN Model
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Rui Li, Duanyang Bai, Zhijun Li, Shiqiang Yang, Weiping Liu, Yichi Zhang, Jincao Zhou, Jing Luo, and Wen Wang
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Steady-state hybrid visual evoked potentials (SSHVEP) ,convolutional neural network (CNN) ,grasping robot ,human-machine interaction ,multivariate variational mode decomposition (MVMD) ,Medical technology ,R855-855.5 ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
In recent years, the steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEP) based brain control method has been employed to help people with disabilities because of its advantages of high information transmission rate and low training time. However, the existing SSVEP brain control methods cannot adapt to dynamic or unstructured environments. Moreover, the recognition accuracy from the conventional decoding algorithm still needs to improve. To address the above problems, this study proposed a steady-state hybrid visual evoked potentials (SSHVEP) paradigm using the grasping targets in their environment to improve the connection between the subjects’ and their dynamic environments. Moreover, a novel EEG decoding method, using the multivariate variational mode decomposition (MVMD) algorithm for adaptive sub-band division and convolutional neural network (CNN) for target recognition, was applied to improve the decoding accuracy of the SSHVEPs. 18 subjects participated in the offline and online experiments. The offline accuracy across 18 subjects by the 9-target SSHVEP paradigm was up to $95.41~\pm ~2.70$ %, which is a 5.80% improvement compared to the conventional algorithm. To further validate the performance of the proposed method, the brain-controlled grasping robot system using the SSHVEP paradigm was built. The average accuracy reached $93.21~\pm ~10.18$ % for the online experiment. All the experimental results demonstrated the effectiveness of the brain-computer interaction method based on the SSHVEP paradigm and the MVMD combined CNN algorithm studied in this paper.
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- 2024
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19. Farmland mulching and optimized irrigation increase water productivity and seed yield by regulating functional parameters of soybean (Glycine max L.) leaves
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Zijun Tang, Junsheng Lu, Youzhen Xiang, Hongzhao Shi, Tao Sun, Wei Zhang, Han Wang, Xueyan Zhang, Zhijun Li, and Fucang Zhang
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Glycine max L. ,Photosynthetic rate ,Soil moisture ,Water productivity ,Seed yield ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 ,Agricultural industries ,HD9000-9495 - Abstract
In both arid and semi-arid regions, adopting field mulching can effectively optimize soil moisture distribution, enhance crop yields, and improve water productivity. While acknowledging its advantages, field mulching seems insufficient for maintaining high crop productivity due to the increasing frequency of extreme weather. Furthermore, drought often coincides with critical crop growth stages, necessitating the implementation of agricultural irrigation to ensure normal crop growth. Accordingly, we conducted a three-year field experiment from 2021 to 2023 including three typical field mulching methods (no mulching, NM; straw mulching, SM; plastic film mulching, FM) and three supplementary irrigation strategies (irrigated at the branching stage (V4), W1; irrigated at the pod-filling stage (R2), W2; irrigated at both the V4 and R2 stage, W3). Throughout the entire growth period, we monitored soil moisture conditions for each treatment, measured leaf physiological parameters at crucial growth stages, and assessed soybean yields and water productivity (WP). Our findings indicated that, relative to SM and NM, FM maintains optimal soil moisture balance, augments chlorophyll content, and enhances photosynthesis, resulting in an average yield increase of 17.0% and 38.3% over three growing seasons. Additionally, supplementary irrigation also significantly affects the growth and seed yield of soybean. FMW2 achieved the higher seed yield (4307.5 kg ha−1, 3-year averaged), had insignificant difference with the highest seed yield of 4568.6 kg ha−1, both significantly higher than other treatments. Similarly, the leaf area index, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and transpiration rate (Tr) also presented insignificant difference between FMW2 and FMW3, while WUEleaf (Pn/Tr) of FMW2 obviously higher than that of FMW3. As a result, FMW2 achieved the highest WP of 12.2 kg ha−1 mm−1 over the three growing seasons, compared to the three-year average of the other treatments, the increase ranges from 5.6% to 46.7%. In summary, the FMW2 treatment optimized water distribution to meet the water demands of soybeans during the reproductive growth stages, achieving a beneficial balance between soybean seed production and WP by regulating leaf functional parameters. Future research will explore more specific irrigation scheduling techniques (e.g., precision irrigation, deficit irrigation, and sensor-based irrigation management systems) while integrating innovative agricultural film materials (e.g., biodegradable films) to further enhance crop resilience and productivity under evolving climatic conditions.
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- 2024
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20. Effects of irrigation-fertilization-aeration coupling on yield and quality of greenhouse tomatoes
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Yanan Sun, Linbo Duan, Huayu Zhong, Huanjie Cai, Jiatun Xu, and Zhijun Li
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Combined irrigation-fertilization-aeration ,Harvest amount ,Yield ,Quality ,Irrigation water productivity ,TOPSIS ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 ,Agricultural industries ,HD9000-9495 - Abstract
Optimal irrigation-fertilization-aeration subsequently enhance greenhouse tomato yields and fruit quality. In addition, the optimization of these agricultural practices is essential to improve irrigation water productivity (WPI). In this context, the present study aims to assess the effects of combined irrigation, fertilization, and aeration treatments on the greenhouse tomato yield (Y), evapotranspiration (ET), WPI, and fruit quality. To achieve this objective, we applied two cumulative pan evaporation (Epan) -based irrigation (I1: 1.0 Epan; I2: 0.8 Epan), three nitrogen fertilization (F1: 120 kg/ha; F2: 180 kg/ha; F3: 240 kg/ha), and three venturi injector-based aeration rates (A1: single Venturi aeration; A2: double Venturi aeration; CK: unaerated) in triplicates. In total, 15 treatment scenarios were considered in this study, including a control group (CKI1). Each treatment was replicated three times. According to the obtained results, the harvesting time of the cultivated greenhouse tomato was strongly affected by the aeration levels due to the differences in the soil oxygen contents. The A2 treatment demonstrated a stronger promoting effect on early tomato ripening than those under the A1 and CK scenarios. Indeed, the first tomato harvest amount under the A2 treatment was higher than those obtained under the A1 and CK scenarios by 32.24% and 36.45% (P < 0.05), respectively. In addition, there were significant increases in the water productivity (WPC) and WPI values with decreasing irrigation rates. In contrast, the ET and Y substantially decreased. Specifically, the ET and Y values under the I1 treatment scenario were 11.38% and 8.65% higher than those observed under the I2 treatment scenario, respectively. On the other hand, the WPC and WPI values under the I1 treatment were 12.01% and 13.09% lower than those under the I2 treatment, respectively. The results showed also significant irrigation-aeration, irrigation-fertilization, and aeration-fertilization interaction effects on the ET, Y, WPC, and WPI values of the greenhouse tomato (P < 0.01). In addition, the irrigation, fertilization, and aeration treatments considerably influenced the sugar-acid ratio and the organic acid, soluble sugar, and lycopene contents in the tomatoes. In fact, lycopene was an important indicator of tomato quality, showing a significant positive correlation with the comprehensive quality scores. Based on the TOPSIS results, the combined I2-F2-A2 treatment is recommended to enhance the Y, ET, WPC, WPI, and fruit quality of the tomato crop.
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- 2024
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21. Case report: Ofatumumab treatment in anti-DPPX autoimmune encephalitis
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Peicai Fu, Zhenqiong Hu, Guopeng Zhang, and Zhijun Li
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anti-dipeptidyl peptidase-like protein 6 (anti-DPPX) ,autoimmune encephalitis ,neuropsychiatric symptoms ,ofatumumab ,immunotherapy ,Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase-like protein 6 (DPPX) antibody encephalitis is a rare autoimmune encephalitis. Diagnosis and treatment of DPPX remain challenging, particularly in patients with refractory disease. Herein, we report the first case of anti-DPPX encephalitis treated with ofatumumab. The patient had a chronic insidious onset and predominantly presented with severe neuropsychiatric symptoms and the typical triad of symptoms (weight loss, central nervous system hyperexcitability, and cognitive dysfunction). Positive anti-DPPX antibodies in the serum (1:1,000) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) (1:100) were detected at the disease peak. The patient was unresponsive to four types of standard immunotherapies (intravenous globulin, plasma exchange, steroids, and tacrolimus), resulting in a treatment switch to ofatumumab. After five doses of injection and 12 months of follow-up, the patient improved well, with only a mild cognitive deficit.
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- 2024
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22. Effects of Applied Voltage on Branching of Positive Leaders in Laboratory Long Sparks
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Changzhi Peng, Zhijun Li, Xuekai Pei, Xiangen Zhao, Gaopeng Lu, Feifan Liu, Yongping Wang, Baoyou Zhu, Yu Zheng, and Xuzhu Dong
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long air discharge ,positive leader ,leader branching ,Geophysics. Cosmic physics ,QC801-809 - Abstract
Abstract Positive leaders branch less frequently than negative counterpart, and the physical processes and properties of positive leader branching remain a mystery. We investigated 10 m laboratory discharges under four positive voltages using a high‐speed video camera. Positive leaders differ from negative leaders by either directly splitting or connecting with floating bidirectional leaders to form branching, and the number of leader branches shows a positive correlation with the applied voltage, that is, the branched channels increased from 1 to 4 when the voltage increased by a factor of 1.5. Grounding points are positioned beneath the electrode and are more concentrated with lower voltage. During the stable progression of the leader, there is a slight increase in its development speed as the applied voltage rises. When the voltage is increased by 70%, the average breakdown time decreases by 40%. These characteristics provide insights into the branching mechanism of positive leaders.
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- 2024
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23. Grain yield, water-land productivity and economic profit responses to row configuration in maize-soybean strip intercropping systems under drip fertigation in arid northwest China
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Hongtai Kou, Zhenqi Liao, Hui Zhang, Zhenlin Lai, Yiyao Liu, Hao Kong, Zhijun Li, Fucang Zhang, and Junliang Fan
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Intercropping system ,Row configuration ,Aboveground biomass ,Water productivity ,Land equivalent ratio ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 ,Agricultural industries ,HD9000-9495 - Abstract
Intercropping has great potential for alleviating arable land competition, improving land output and promoting sustainable agricultural development. However, the applicability of maize-soybean strip intercropping under drip fertigation in arid northwest China remains unclear, especially under various row configurations. A two-season (2022 and 2023) field experiment was performed in the Hexi Region of northwest China to investigate the responses of plant growth, yield performance, water-land productivity and economic profit of drip-fertigated maize-soybean strip intercropping systems to eight row configurations. The results showed that intercropping significantly reduced aboveground biomass accumulation of maize and soybean by 18.77% and 47.81% on average compared to monocropping, respectively. Intercropping significantly decreased the 100-grain weight, ear length and ear width of maize, and reduced the 100-grain weight and pod number of soybean, resulting in reduced grain yields of intercropped maize and soybean (by 13.08% and 48.73%, respectively), but two rows of maize alternating with four rows of soybean (M2S4), three rows of maize alternating with four rows of soybean (M3S4), four rows of maize in wide and narrow rows alternating with four rows of soybean (M4S4-MN), and four rows of maize in wide and narrow rows alternating with six rows of soybean (M4S6-MN) produced greater population grain yield compared to monocropping. Among all intercropping systems, the largest water-land productivity and economic profit occurred in M2S4 (1.61 in 2022 and 1.42 in 2023 for land equivalent ratio; 29.23 kg ha−1 mm−1 in 2022 and 28.22 kg ha−1 mm−1 in 2023 for water productivity; 23,965 CNY ha−1 in 2022 and 23,059 CNY ha−1 in 2023 for economic profit), followed by M4S4-MN (1.53 in 2022 and 1.36 in 2023 for land equivalent ratio; 27.11 kg ha−1 mm−1 in 2022 and 26.58 kg ha−1 mm−1 in 2023 for water productivity; 22,327 CNY ha−1 in 2022 and 22,224 CNY ha−1 in 2023 for economic profit). The M2S4 is thus the optimal row configuration for drip-fertigated maize-soybean strip intercropping systems in terms of grain yield, economic profit and land productivity, while the M4S4-MN is recommended by further considering the efficiency of mechanized sowing and harvesting.
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- 2024
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24. Alteration of the gut microbiota in patients with lung cancer accompanied by chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases
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Tingxiang Wang, Wanting Su, Li Li, Haiyan Wu, He Huang, and Zhijun Li
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Gut microbiota ,Short-chain fatty acids ,Inflammation ,Lung cancer ,Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
Aim: To explore the abundance and diversity of the gut microbiota in patients with lung cancer accompanied by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (LC-COPD). Methods: The study cohort comprised 15 patients with LC-COPD, 49 patients with lung cancer, and 18 healthy control individuals. ELISA was used to detect inflammatory factors in venous blood. 16S rDNA sequencing was performed to determine the abundance and diversity of the gut microbiota. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry was used to determine the concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in feces samples. Results: The α-diversity index indicated that the richness and diversity of the gut microbiota were lower in patients with LC-COPD compared with patients with lung cancer and controls. Principal component analysis revealed significant differences among the three groups (P 0.05). Patients with lung cancer had the lowest serum concentration of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a. There were no intergroup differences in the concentrations of other inflammatory factors. Conclusions: The present study indicated that the abundance and structure of the gut microbiota is altered, and the concentrations of SCFAs may be decreased in patients with LC-COPD. In addition, patients with lung cancer had the lowest serum concentration of TNF-a.
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- 2024
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25. Effectiveness and safety of telitacicept for refractory generalized myasthenia gravis: a retrospective study
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Jing Lin, Yue Li, Mengcui Gui, Bitao Bu, and Zhijun Li
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Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Background: Refractory generalized myasthenia gravis (GMG) remains a substantial therapeutic challenge. Telitacicept, a recombinant human B-lymphocyte stimulator receptor-antibody fusion protein, holds promise for interrupting the immunopathology of this condition. Objectives: This study retrospectively assessed the effectiveness and safety of telitacicept in patients with refractory GMG. Design: A single-center retrospective study. Methods: Patients with refractory GMG receiving telitacicept (160 mg/week or biweekly) from January to September in 2023 were included. We assessed effectiveness using Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America post-intervention status (MGFA-PIS), myasthenia gravis treatment status and intensity (MGSTI), quantitative myasthenia gravis (QMG), and MG-activity of daily living (ADL) scores, alongside reductions in prednisone dosage at 3- and 6-month intervals. Safety profiles were also evaluated. Results: Sixteen patients with MGFA class II–V refractory GMG were included, with eight females and eight males. All patients were followed up for at least 3 months, and 11 patients reached 6 months follow-up. At the 3-month evaluation, 75% (12/16) demonstrated clinical improvement with MGFA-PIS. One patient achieved pharmacological remission, two attained minimal manifestation status, and nine showed functional improvement; three remained unchanged, and one deteriorated. By the 6-month visit, 90.1% (10/11) sustained significant symptomatic improvement. MGSTI scores and prednisone dosages significantly reduced at both follow-ups ( p
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- 2024
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26. Therapeutic potential of natural killer cells in neuroimmunological diseases
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Qing Zhang, Jing Lin, Mengge Yang, Zhijun Li, Min Zhang, and Bitao Bu
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NK cells ,Autoimmunity ,Neuroimmunological disease ,Neuroimmunity ,NK-cell therapy ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells, a major component of the innate immune system, have prominent immunoregulatory, antitumor proliferation, and antiviral activities. NK cells act as a double-edged sword with therapeutic potential in neurological autoimmunity. Emerging evidence has identified NK cells are involved in the development and progression of neuroimmunological diseases such as multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders, autoimmune encephalitis, Guillain-Barré Syndrome, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, myasthenia gravis, and idiopathic inflammatory myopathy. However, the regulatory mechanisms and functional roles of NK cells are highly variable in different clinical states of neuroimmunological diseases and need to be further determined. In this review, we summarize the evidence for the heterogenic involvement of NK cells in the above conditions. Further, we describe cutting-edge NK-cell-based immunotherapy for neuroimmunological diseases in preclinical and clinical development and highlight challenges that must be overcome to fully realize the therapeutic potential of NK cells.
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- 2024
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27. An immunogenic cell death-related signature for prediction of prognosis and response to immunotherapy in breast cancer
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Cong Li, Fengzhu Guo, Jingtong Zhai, Xiaohan Liu, Zhijun Li, Binghe Xu, and Yuanyuan Ji
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Medicine - Published
- 2024
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28. Discharge characteristics of leader inception and development under 10 m long air gap—experimental observation and simulation results
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Changzhi Peng, Xuzhu Dong, Yanpu Zhao, Zhijun Li, Yu Zheng, Xuekai Pei, Lei Liu, and Bing Luo
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Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 ,Electricity ,QC501-721 - Abstract
Abstract The physical mechanism of leader formation and development is not well understood. In this study, we present experimental and simulation results obtained with a 10 m long air gap discharge. A 10 m outdoor discharge experiment is carried out to obtain the current, voltage, and optical image during the leader discharge process. Four different impulse voltages were applied to the rod‐plane gap. The measured current is used as an input for a plasma model, then the temperature and electric field could be calculated. The simulation results show that the temperature of the streamer stem during the dark period may exceed 2000 K. In addition, the critical charge required for leader initiation can be as low as 0.27 μC for a 10 m air gap. The channel temperature is relatively stable in the process of leader development, which is maintained at about 4500 K. The electron density is about 0.5–3 × 1020 m−3, and the discharge channel conductivity fluctuates in the range of 1–10 S/m for the leader current between 1 and 2 A. A long dark period is tended to be associated with a higher injected charge by the first streamer. It is inferred that the voltage increments during the dark period play an important role in promoting streamer‐to‐leader transition, except for temperature and the injected charge.
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- 2023
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29. Data‐driven consistent control with data compensation for a class of unknown nonlinear multiagent systems with constraints
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Lipu Wu, Zhen Li, Shida Liu, Zhijun Li, and Dehui Sun
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adaptive control ,compensation ,multi‐agent systems ,nonlinear systems ,vehicles ,Control engineering systems. Automatic machinery (General) ,TJ212-225 - Abstract
Abstract To solve the problem of longitudinal cooperative formation driving control of multiple vehicles, a novel model‐free adaptive control algorithm with data compensation under constraint conditions (COM‐cMFAC) is proposed in this manuscript. In the COM‐cMFAC algorithm, the pseudo partial derivative (PPD), which is a time‐varying parameter, is used to linearize the nonlinear dynamics of the multivehicle cooperative system by using dynamic linearization technology. Then, a COM‐cMFAC controller is designed. For the case of data packet loss, the proposed controller uses a data compensation mechanism that estimates and compensates for the lost data through the data collected at the previous moment to perform packet loss control. Additionally, the controller considers the constrained input and output problems that will occur in the actual control process and imposes input and output constraints. The main advantage of the COM‐cMFAC algorithm is that the entire control process only needs the input and output data of the multivehicle cooperative system, and it also has a good control effect in the case of packet loss. The stability of the proposed method is verified through strict mathematical analysis, and its effectiveness is verified by semiphysical experiments based on a MATLAB/Simulink and Carsim platform connection environment.
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- 2023
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30. Causal association of epigenetic aging and osteoporosis: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
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Xinyu Liang, Wei Shi, Xinglong Zhang, Ran Pang, Kai Zhang, Qian Xu, Chunlei Xu, Xin Wan, Wenhao Cui, Dong Li, Zhaohui Jiang, Zhengxuan Liu, Hui Li, Huafeng Zhang, and Zhijun Li
- Subjects
Mendelian randomization ,Epigenetic age ,Osteoporosis ,Causal association ,Genome-wide association study ,Internal medicine ,RC31-1245 ,Genetics ,QH426-470 - Abstract
Abstract Background The relationship between aging and osteoporosis is well established. However, the relationship between the body's physiological age, i.e. epigenetic age, and osteoporosis is not known. Our goal is to analyze the bidirectional causal relationship between epigenetic clocks and osteoporosis using a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. Methods We used SNPs closely associated with GrimAge, Hannum, PhenoAge, and HorvathAge in epigenetic age and SNPs closely associated with femoral neck bone mineral density, lumbar spine bone mineral density, and forearm bone mineral density as instrumental variables, respectively, using the inverse variance weighting method and several other MR methods to assess the bidirectional causal relationship between epigenetic age and osteoporosis. Result There was no evidence of a clear causal relationship of epigenetic age (GrimAge, Hannum, PhenoAge, and HorvathAge) on femoral neck bone mineral density, lumbar spine bone mineral density, and forearm bone mineral density. In reverse Mendelian randomization analysis showed a significant causal effect of lumbar spine bone mineral density on GrimAge: odds ratio (OR) = 0.692, 95% confidence interval (CI) = (0.538–0.890), p = 0.004. The results suggest that a decrease in lumbar spine bone mineral density promotes an acceleration of GrimAge. Conclusion There was no significant bidirectional causal relationship between epigenetic age and osteoporosis A decrease in lumbar spine bone density may lead to an acceleration of the epigenetic clock "GrimAge". Our study provides partial evidence for a bidirectional causal effect between epigenetic age and Osteoporosis.
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- 2023
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31. Mechanical Response Characteristics and Tangent Modulus Calculation Model of Expansive-Clay Unloading Stress Path
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Shilong Peng, Zhijun Li, Hua Cheng, Yuhao Xu, Ting Zhang, and Guangyong Cao
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expansive clay ,constitutive model ,unloading stress path ,triaxial test ,tangent modulus calculation model ,Building construction ,TH1-9745 - Abstract
As a special type of clay, expansive clay is widely distributed in China. Its characteristics of swelling and softening when meeting water and shrinking and cracking when losing water bring many hidden dangers to engineering construction. Expansive clay is known as “engineering cancer”, and in-depth research on the unloading mechanical response characteristics and the unloading constitutive relationships of expansive clay is a prerequisite for conducting geotechnical engineering design and safety analysis in expansive-soil areas. In order to obtain the unloading mechanical response characteristics and the expression of the unloading tangent modulus of expansive clay, typical expansive clay in the Hefei area was taken as the research object, and triaxial unloading stress path tests were conducted. The stress–strain properties, microstructures, macro failure modes, and strength indexes of the expansive clay were analyzed under unloading stress paths. Through an applicability analysis of several classical soil strength criteria, an unloading constitutive model and the unloading tangent modulus expression of the expansive clay were constructed based on the Mohr–Coulomb (hereinafter referred to as “M-C”) criterion, the Drucker–Prager (hereinafter referred to as “D-P”) criterion, and the extended Spatial Mobilized Plane (hereinafter referred to as “SMP”) criterion theoretical frameworks. The following research results were obtained: (1) The stress–strain curves of the three stress paths of the expansive clay were hyperbolic. The expansive clay showed typical strain-hardening characteristics and belonged to work-hardening soil. (2) Under the unloading stress paths, the soil particles were involved in the unloading process of stress release, and the failure samples showed obvious stretching, curling, and slipping phenomena in their soil sheet elements. (3) Under both unloading stress paths, the strength of the expansive clay was significantly weakened and reduced. Under the lateral unloading paths, the cohesive force (c) of the expansive clay was reduced by 32.7% and the internal friction angle (φ) was increased by 19% compared with those under conventional loading, while under the axial unloading path, c was reduced by 63.5% and φ was reduced by 28.7%. (4) For typical expansive clay in Hefei, the conventional triaxial compression (hereinafter referred to as “CTC”) test, the reduced triaxial compression (hereinafter referred to as “RTC”) test, and the reduced triaxial extension (hereinafter referred to as “RTE”) test stress paths were suitable for characterization and deformation prediction using the M-C strength criterion, D-P strength criterion, and extended SMP strength criterion, respectively. (5) The derived unloading constitutive model and the unified tangent modulus formula of the expansive clay could accurately predict the deformation characteristics of the unloading stress path of the expansive clay. These research results will provide an important reference for future engineering construction in expansive-clay areas.
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- 2024
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32. Spatial–Temporal Changes in the Distribution of Populus euphratica Oliv. Forests in the Tarim Basin and Analysis of Influencing Factors from 1990 to 2020
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Xuefei Guo, Lijun Zhu, Zhikun Yang, Chaobin Yang, and Zhijun Li
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Populus euphratica forest ,spatial and temporal distribution ,shrubland ,farmland ,water ,Plant ecology ,QK900-989 - Abstract
Understanding the spatiotemporal evolution patterns of Populus euphratica Oliv. (P. euphratica) forests in the Tarim Basin (TB) and their influencing factors is crucial for regional ecological security and high-quality development. However, there is currently a lack of large-area, long-term systematic monitoring. This study utilized multi-source medium and high-resolution remote sensing images from the Landsat series and Sentinel-2, applying a Random Forest classification model to obtain distribution data of P. euphratica forests and shrublands in 14 areas of the TB from 1990 to 2020. We analyzed the effects of river distance, water transfer, and farmland on their distribution. Results indicated that both P. euphratica forests and shrublands decreased during the first 20 years and increased during the last 10 years. Within 1.5 km of river water transfer zones, P. euphratica forests more frequently converted to shrublands, while both forests and shrublands showed recovery in low-frequency water transfer areas. Farmland encroachment was most significant beyond 3 km from rivers. To effectively protect P. euphratica forests, we recommend intermittent low-frequency water transfers within 3 km of rivers and stricter management of agricultural expansion beyond 3 km. These measures will help maintain a balanced ecosystem and promote the long-term sustainability of P. euphratica forests.
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- 2024
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33. Performance of Strengthened Accelerated Oscillator Damper for Vibration Control of Bridges
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Qiuming Zhao, Yonggang Tan, Minggang Sun, Yunlong Jiang, Pinqing Wang, Fanxu Meng, and Zhijun Li
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strengthened accelerated oscillator damper ,nonlinear spring device ,near-resonance region ,vibration control ,damping performance ,Technology ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Vibration control has emerged as a significant concern in civil engineering, aiming to minimize the displacement and stress exerted on structures during seismic events. The accelerated oscillator damper (AOD), which is a damping device that depends on acceleration, has been demonstrated to be highly effective. However, in the case of traditional bridges, it is difficult to accurately place the secondary mass, spring, and damping components at the piers. Additionally, it has been found that as a general single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) damping device, a significant limitation of the AOD system is its insufficient damping effect in the near-resonance region. This study presents a strengthened AOD with a liner spring (SAOD-LS), in which the secondary spring and damper are linked to the primary structure rather than being attached to the piers. This design not only provides enough space for the secondary system but also has a higher amplification factor of secondary spring and damping components compared with the original layout. In addition, we suggest a nonlinear spring device (NSD) that includes connecting rods and inclined linear springs arranged in a diamond configuration. This innovative design is intended to introduce nonlinear stiffness characteristics into the equivalent stiffness, thereby improving the device’s performance and providing effective anti-resonance features in the near-resonance region. We have confirmed the motion equations for the SAOD-LS and used finite element (FE) analysis to validate the formulation of the equivalent external force and deformation of the NSD. We have thoroughly investigated both the SAOD-LS and the strengthened AOD equipped with NSD as the secondary spring (SAOD-NSD) for their potential implementation in a bridge project. These damping systems demonstrate exceptional performance and robustness, making them highly suitable for enhancing structural resistance to seismic activity.
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- 2024
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34. The Distribution Range of Populus euphratica Oliv. (Salicaceae) Will Decrease Under Future Climate Change in Northwestern China
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Xun Lei, Mengjun Qu, Jianming Wang, Jihua Hou, Yin Wang, Guanjun Li, Meiwen Luo, Zhijun Li, and Jingwen Li
- Subjects
climate change ,Populus euphratica ,MaxEnt model ,suitability habitat ,species distribution ,Plant ecology ,QK900-989 - Abstract
Climate change has been regarded as a primary threat to biodiversity at local, regional, and global scales. Populus euphratica Oliv. is one of the main constructive species in dryland regions and has a key role in regulating ecosystem processes and services. However, there is a knowledge gap regarding the spatial distribution of habitat suitability of P. euphratica and how it will be affected by future climate change. Based on the distribution records collected from an online database and specialized literature, we applied an optimized MaxEnt model to predict the distribution range of P. euphratica in China under four climate change scenarios (SSP126, SSP245, SSP370, and SSP585) for both current and future (2090s) conditions. We found that (1) future climate change would reduce the adaptability of P. euphratica, resulting in a significant decrease in its distribution area; (2) water availability had the most important effect on P. euphratica distribution; (3) the habitat for P. euphratica would shift northwestward and contract towards lower elevations closer to rivers in the future. These findings can provide a reference for developing long-term biodiversity conservation and management strategies in arid regions.
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- 2024
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35. Leaf Trait Variations and Ecological Adaptation Mechanisms of Populus euphratica at Different Developmental Stages and Canopy Heights
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Jie Wang, Juntuan Zhai, Jinlong Zhang, Xiaoli Han, Xiaokang Ge, Jianhua Si, Jingwen Li, and Zhijun Li
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leaf trait network ,Populus euphratica ,arid environments ,developmental stage ,canopy height ,Plant ecology ,QK900-989 - Abstract
The ability of plants to alter specific combinations of leaf traits during development and in response to abiotic stress is crucial for their success and survival. While there are numerous studies on the variation of leaf traits within the canopies of Populus species, the application of network analysis to understand the variation and combinations of these traits across different growth stages is rare. The leaves of Populus euphratica, a dominant species in arid regions, exhibit notable morphological variations at different developmental stages and canopy heights in response to water scarcity and climate change. In this study, 34 leaf traits (morphological, chemical, photosynthetic, and hydraulic) and their roles in drought adaptation were investigated in 60 Populus euphratica plants at five developmental stages and five canopy heights using leaf trait network (LTN) analysis. The aim was to analyze adaptive strategies to arid environments at different developmental stages and canopy heights through the interdependence of leaf traits. The results showed that the internal coordination capacity of leaf trait networks decreased and then increased with each developmental stage, while the functional modules of leaf trait networks were loosely connected and aggregated with the increase in tree diameter at breast height. With increasing canopy height, the coordination linkage’s ability between leaf traits showed an increasing then decreasing trend, and the traits of the leaves in the canopy at 6 m were more closely connected, less modular, and simpler in topology compared with those in the other layers. Leaves form functional modules by coordinating specific traits that promote growth and resist drought. Leaf photosynthesis, water transport, and nutrient traits were central to different developmental stages, whereas leaf morphology, nutrient metabolism, and drought-resistance-related traits were central to the canopy height. Leaf morphology and osmoregulatory traits play key roles in leaf trait network regulation, including leaf length and width, leaf shape index, soluble sugars, and soluble proteins, which are important “intermediary traits” in the Populus euphratica leaf network. Further analysis revealed that structural traits were important at different developmental stages and canopy heights. When resources are limited, the leaf preferentially maintains a stable connection between structural traits to enhance photosynthesis, and these traits and their combinations might confer drought resistance. During the rapid development stage, the connection between chemical traits becomes important, and the leaf grows by rapidly accumulating nutrients. In summary, this study provides new perspectives and insights into the drought adaptation strategies of P. euphratica at different developmental stages and canopy heights by analyzing leaf trait networks.
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- 2024
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36. Drip Fertigation Increases Maize Grain Yield by Affecting Phenology, Grain Filling Process, Biomass Accumulation and Translocation: A 4-Year Field Trial
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Ruiqi Du, Zhijun Li, Youzhen Xiang, Tao Sun, Xiaochi Liu, Hongzhao Shi, Wangyang Li, Xiangyang Huang, Zijun Tang, Junsheng Lu, Junying Chen, and Fucang Zhang
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grain filling ,biomass accumulation ,yield components ,photosynthetic rate ,drip fertigation ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
Drip fertigation (DF) is a widely used technology to increase grain yield with water and fertilizer conservation. However, the mechanism of high grain yield (GY) under DF is still unclear. Here, a four-year field experiment assessed the impacts of four treatments (i.e., conventional irrigation and nitrogen application, CK; drip irrigation with conventional nitrogen fertilization, DI; split-nitrogen fertigation with conventional irrigation, SF; and drip fertigation, DF) on maize phenology, leaf photosynthetic rates, grain filling processes, plant biomass, and GY. The results showed that DF significantly increased maize GY by affecting phenology, grain filling traits, aboveground biomass (BIO) accumulation, and translocation. Specifically, DF significantly increased leaf chlorophyll content, which enhanced leaf photosynthetic rates, and together with an increase of leaf area index, promoted BIO accumulation. As a result, the BIO at the silking stage of DF increased by 29.5%, transported biomass increased by 109.2% (1.2 t ha−1), and the accumulation of BIO after silking increased by 23.1% (1.7 t ha−1) compared with CK. Meanwhile, DF prolonged grain filling days, significantly increased the grain weight of 100 kernels, and promoted GY increase. Compared with CK, the four-year averaged GY and BIO increased by 34.3% and 26.8% under DF; a 29.7%, 46.1%, and 24.2% GY increase and a 30.7%, 39.5%, and 29.9% BIO increase were contributed by irrigation, nitrogen, and coupling effects of irrigation and nitrogen, respectively. These results reveal the high yield mechanism of drip-fertigated maize, and are of important significance for promoting the application of drip fertigation.
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- 2024
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37. A New Spectral Index for Monitoring Leaf Area Index of Winter Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.) under Different Coverage Methods and Nitrogen Treatments
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Hao Liu, Youzhen Xiang, Junying Chen, Yuxiao Wu, Ruiqi Du, Zijun Tang, Ning Yang, Hongzhao Shi, Zhijun Li, and Fucang Zhang
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leaf area index ,multi-angle hyperspectral ,machine learning ,winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
The leaf area index (LAI) is a crucial physiological indicator of crop growth. This paper introduces a new spectral index to overcome angle effects in estimating the LAI of crops. This study quantitatively analyzes the relationship between LAI and multi-angle hyperspectral reflectance from the canopy of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) at various growth stages, nitrogen application levels and coverage methods. The angular stability of 16 traditional vegetation indices (VIs) for monitoring the LAI was tested under nine view zenith angles (VZAs). These multi-angle VIs were input into machine learning models including support vector machine (SVM), eXtreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), and Random Forest (RF) to determine the optimal monitoring strategy. The results indicated that the back-scattering direction outperformed the vertical and forward-scattering direction in terms of monitoring the LAI. In the solar principal plane (SPP), EVI-1 and REP showed angle stability and high accuracy in monitoring the LAI. Nevertheless, this relationship was influenced by experimental conditions and growth stages. Compared with traditional VIs, the observation perspective insensitivity vegetation index (OPIVI) had the highest correlation with the LAI (r = 0.77–0.85). The linear regression model based on single-angle OPIVI was most accurate at −15° (R2 = 0.71). The LAI monitoring achieved using a multi-angle OPIVI-RF model had the higher accuracy, with an R2 of 0.77 and with a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.38 cm2·cm−2. This study provides valuable insights for selecting VIs that overcome the angle effect in future drone and satellite applications.
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- 2024
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38. Evolution of the Floe Size Distribution in Arctic Summer Based on High-Resolution Satellite Imagery
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Zongxing Li, Peng Lu, Jiaru Zhou, Hang Zhang, Puzhen Huo, Miao Yu, Qingkai Wang, and Zhijun Li
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image processing ,floe size distribution ,upper-truncated power law function ,Weibull function ,Science - Abstract
In this paper, based on high-resolution satellite images near an ice bridge in the Canadian Basin, we extracted floe size parameters and analyzed the temporal and spatial variations in the parameters through image processing techniques. The floe area shows a decreasing trend over time, while the perimeter and mean clamped diameter (MCD) exhibit no obvious pattern of change. In addition, the roundness of floes, reflected by shape parameters, generally decreases initially and then increases, and the average roundness of small floes is smaller than that of large floes. To correct the deviations from power law behaviour when assessing the floe size distribution (FSD) with the traditional power law function, the upper-truncated power law distribution function and the Weibull function are selected. The four parameters of the two functions are important parameters for describing the floe size distribution, and Lr and L0 are roughly equal to the maximum calliper diameter and the average calliper diameter of the floes in the region. D in the upper-truncated power law distribution function represents the fractal dimension of the floes, and r in the Weibull function represents the shape parameter of the floes, both of which increase and then decrease with time. In this paper, we investigate the response of the rate of change in the FSD parameter to the differences in the monthly average temperature and find that D, r and air temperature are positively correlated, which verifies the influence of air temperature on the floe size distribution.
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- 2024
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39. Study of the spatial growth of stimulated Brillouin scattering in a gas-filled hohlraum via detecting the driven ion acoustic wave
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Chaoxin Chen, Tao Gong, Zhichao Li, Liang Hao, Yonggang Liu, Xiangming Liu, Hang Zhao, Yaoyuan Liu, Kaiqiang Pan, Qi Li, Sanwei Li, Zhijun Li, Sai Jin, Feng Wang, and Dong Yang
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Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity ,QC770-798 - Abstract
In an experiment performed on the Shenguang-III prototype laser facility, collective Thomson scattering (TS) is used to study the spatial growth of stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) in a gas-filled hohlraum by detecting the SBS-driven ion acoustic wave. High-quality time-resolved SBS and TS spectra are obtained simultaneously in the experiment, and these are analyzed by a steady-state code based on the ray-tracing model. The analysis indicates that ion–ion collisions may play an important role in suppressing SBS growth in the Au plasma; as a result, the SBS excited in the filled gas region is dominant. In the early phase of the laser pulse, SBS originates primarily from the high-density plasma at the edges of the interaction beam channel, which is piled up by the heating of the interaction beam. Throughout the duration of the laser pulse, the presence of the TS probe beam might mitigate SBS by perturbing the density distribution around the region overlapping with the interaction beam.
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- 2024
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40. Positron emission tomography imaging of the P2X7 receptor with a novel tracer, [18F]GSK1482160, in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease and healthy non‐human primates
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Yifan Qiu, Lei Bi, Guolong Huang, Zhijun Li, Huiyi Wei, Guocong Li, Junjie Wei, Kai Liao, Min Yang, Peizhen Ye, Yongshan Liu, Xianxian Zhao, Yuyi Hou, Yanfang Shen, Renwei Zhou, Tuoen Liu, Henry Hoi Yee Tong, Lu Wang, and Hongjun Jin
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[18F]GSK1482160 ,Alzheimer's disease ,neuroinflammation ,P2X7R ,positron emission tomography ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Abstract This study aimed to evaluate [18F]GSK1482160 Positron emission tomography imaging for targeting P2X7R, a biomarker for neuroinflammation. Studies of acute neuroinflammation in rodents and transgenic mice with Alzheimer's disease (AD), as well as wild‐type (WT) controls, were conducted via PET‐CT‐MRI scans after tail vein injection of [18F]GSK1482160. Imaging was quantified based on the time‐activity curve, the standardized uptake value ratio, and the binding kinetics distribution volume ratio (DVR) to assess the expression of P2X7R. Tissues were collected post‐PET for immunofluorescence staining. Correlation analysis was performed between DVR and Morris water maze test results. Finally, dynamic Positron Emission Tomography‐Magnetic Resonance Imaging (PET‐MRI) scans were performed in healthy non‐human primates (NHPs). Our study demonstrated that AD mice had a significantly higher DVR than WT mice in the hippocampus (0.92 ± 0.06 vs. 0.79 ± 0.02, p
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- 2024
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41. C-type lectin 2D (CLEC2D) is upregulated in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) tissues and predicts poor prognosis
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Huibing Li, Pengyi Zheng, Zhijun Li, Qingjiang Han, Bisheng Zhou, and Kaixuan Wang
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Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) ,C-type lectin 2D (CLEC2D) ,Tumor size ,TCGA database ,Prognosis ,Immune ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is known as the most common type of renal cancer. Recently, a series of advances have been made in targeted therapy for ccRCC. To combat this highly metastatic tumor, novel therapeutic targets still need to be developed. C-type lectins (CLECs) contain a characteristic C-type lectin-like domain and affect several physiological functions. The effects of C-type lectin 2D (CLEC2D) on cancer progression have been revealed in several types of cancers; however, its expression in ccRCC tissues, and the possible effects on the progression and metastasis of ccRCC, are still unclear. Herein, we found the high mRNA and protein levels of CLEC2D in ccRCC tissues. We further found that CLEC2D expression was correlated with the prognosis of ccRCC patients and correlated with the tumor size (p = 0.019*) of patients. In addition, CLEC2D affected tumor immune infiltration, confirmed by the further analysis. CLEC2D knockdown suppressed the proliferation of ccRCC cells in vitro and restrained ccRCC tumor growth and immune infiltration in mice. Therefore, we believe that CLEC2D has the potential to serve as a promising ccRCC therapeutic target.
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- 2024
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42. Exploring the micromorphological characteristics of adult lower cervical vertebrae based on micro-computed tomography
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Kun Li, Yang Yang, Peng Wang, Haoyu Song, Chunying Ma, Yansong Zhang, Xingye Dang, Jun Shi, Shaojie Zhang, Zhijun Li, and Xing Wang
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract We will use micro-computed tomography to scan 31 sets of the adult lower cervical vertebrae (155 vertebrae) to observe the morphological characteristics and direction of trabeculae in the lower cervical vertebrae by outlining and reconstructing the regions of interest and to calculate the variation laws of the microstructure in the regions of interest to reveal their structural characteristics and weak areas. As a result, the images showed that the trabeculae in the lower cervical pedicle near the medial and lateral cortices were relatively dense, and their bone plates were lamellar. There were cavities between the superior and inferior articular processes where the ossification centers had not been absorbed after ossified. The lamellar trabeculae in the vertebral plates near the cortical bones were only 1–2 layers, extended and transformed into rod-shaped trabeculae in a radial shape toward the medullary space. The lamellar trabeculae of the vertebral plate extend over the spinous process near the cortical bone. The statistical results of the trabeculae's morphological parameters showed significant differences in bone volume fraction values among the four parts (P
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- 2023
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43. Diagnostic performance of metagenomic next-generation sequencing for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia
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Xuefang Li, Zhijun Li, Jian Ye, and Wu Ye
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Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia ,Metagenomic next-generation sequencing ,Diagnosis ,meta-analysis ,Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Abstract Objective Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) can be a life-threatening opportunistic infection. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) for PJP. Methods A comprehensive electronic literature search of Web of Knowledge, PubMed, Cochrane Library, CNKI and Wanfang data was performed. Bivariate analysis was conducted to calculate the pooled sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), the area under the summary receiver operator characteristic (SROC) curve and the Q-point value (Q*). Results The literature search resulted in 9 studies with a total of 1343 patients, including 418 cases diagnosed with PJP and 925 controls. The pooled sensitivity of mNGS for diagnosis of PJP was 0.974 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.953–0.987]. The pooled specificity was 0.943 (95% CI, 0.926–0.957), the DOR was 431.58 (95% CI, 186.77-997.27), the area under the SROC curve was 0.987, and the Q* was 0.951. The I 2 test indicated no heterogeneity between studies. The Deek funnel test suggested no potential publication bias. Subgroup analyses showed that the area under the SROC curve of mNGS for diagnosis of PJP in immunocompromised and non-HIV patients was 0.9852 and 0.979, respectively. Conclusions Current evidence indicates that mNGS exhibits excellent accuracy for the diagnosis of PJP. The mNGS is a promising tool for assessment of PJP in both immunocompromised and non-HIV patients.
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- 2023
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44. Interrelationships and Environmental Influences of Photosynthetic Capacity and Hydraulic Conductivity in Desert Species Populus pruinosa
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Jinlong Zhang, Juntuan Zhai, Jie Wang, Jianhua Si, Jingwen Li, Xiaokang Ge, and Zhijun Li
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functional traits ,plant trait network ,photosynthesis ,hydraulic traits ,intraspecific variation ,groundwater depth ,Plant ecology ,QK900-989 - Abstract
An improved understanding of the mechanisms underlying plant adaptation to habitat heterogeneity can be achieved by clarifying the climate-driving factors of the hydraulic and photosynthetic traits of different populations. With a focus on Populus pruinosa Schrenk, which is the predominant tree species in the desert riparian forests of the Tarim Basin, Xinjiang, this study investigated the hydraulic and photosynthetic trait relationships and their interactions with environmental factors in 11 P. pruinosa populations using a Pearson correlation analysis, plant trait networks, a redundancy analysis, and a least squares linear regression analysis. The results showed that the degree of variation in the hydraulic traits was higher than that in the photosynthetic traits. The net photosynthetic rate (Pn) showed a significantly positive correlation with leaf-specific conductivity (Kl) and the Huber value (Hv). The Hv exhibited a significantly positive correlation with the water-use efficiency and Kl, and the branch–leaf mass ratio significantly affected the hydraulic traits. The groundwater depth (GD) in natural P. pruinosa forest habitats ranged from 3.4 to 7.9 m. With an increase in the annual average temperature, the hydraulic conductivity of the xylem significantly increased; with an increase in GD, Pn and Kl significantly decreased. The temperature annual range, temperature seasonality (standard deviation), min temperature of the coldest month, and GD were significantly correlated with the diameter and average path length of the overall trait network parameters, and these environmental factors affected the coordination of the functional traits of P. pruinosa.
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- 2024
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45. Synthesis of Ordered Mesoporous Molecular Sieve-Supported Cobalt Catalyst via Organometallic Complexation for Propane Non-Oxidative Dehydrogenation
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Yanliang Zhai, Lisha Chen, Ruihan Wu, Xianggang Lu, Jun Wang, Gaolong Li, Bicheng Tang, Wei Zhang, Shaolong Zhang, and Zhijun Li
- Subjects
propane dehydrogenation ,mesoporous molecular sieve ,organometallic complexation ,propylene selectivity ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Co-based catalysts have shown great promise for propane dehydrogenation (PDH) reactions due to their merits of environmental friendliness and low cost. In this study, ordered mesoporous molecular sieve-supported CoOx species (CoOx/Al-SBA-15 catalyst) were prepared by one-step organometallic complexation. The catalysts show worm-like morphology with regular straight-through mesoporous pores and high external specific surface area. These typical features can substantially enhance the dispersion of CoOx species and mass transfer of reactants and products. Compared with the conventional impregnation method, the 10CSOC (10 wt.% Co/Al-SBA-15 prepared by the organometallic complexation method) sample presents a smaller CoOx size and higher Co2+/Co3+ ratio. When applied to PDH reaction, the 10CSOC delivers higher propane conversion and propylene selectivity. Under the optimal conditions (625 °C and 4500 h−1), 10CSOC achieves high propane conversion (43%) and propylene selectivity (83%). This is attributed to the smaller and better dispersion of CoOx nanoparticles, more suitable acid properties, and higher content of Co2+ species. This work paves the way for the rational design of high-performance catalysts for industrially important reactions.
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- 2024
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46. Impacts of Water Diversion Projects on Vegetation Coverage in Central Yunnan Province, China (2017–2022)
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Anlan Feng, Zhenya Zhu, Xiudi Zhu, Qiang Zhang, Fengling Yan, Zhijun Li, Yiwei Guo, Vijay P. Singh, Kaiwen Zhang, and Gang Wang
- Subjects
fractional vegetation cover (FVC) ,central yunnan water diversion project ,sentinel ,ecological effects ,Science - Abstract
The water diversion project in Central Yunnan Province (WDP-YN) is the largest water diversion project under construction in China. However, the ecological effects of this water diversion project are still unclear. This study utilized Sentinel-2 remote sensing data to estimate fractional vegetation cover (FVC), maps spatiotemporal variations of FVC in construction areas from 2017 to 2022, and evaluates the impact of the WDP-YN on regional vegetation coverage using buffer analysis and vegetation type transition matrix methods. The study led to the following findings: (1) From 2017 to 2022, FVC within 10 km of the tunnel construction route showed a slightly downward trend or remained relatively stable with no significant changes in the spatial pattern of FVC. (2) Before and after the construction of WDP-YN, over 60% of the area within 10 km of the tunnel construction route showed no change in FVC. On Construction Route Section I (CRS-I), vegetation improved and/or degraded within 12.90% (14.10%) of the area and the regions with degraded FVC concentrated in the northern CRS-I. For Construction Route Section II (CRS-II), 11.96% and 27.51% of the regions were dominated by improved and/or degraded FVC. Vegetation changes near Groundwater Monitoring Point a (GMPa) were relatively stable. (3) The WDP-YN degraded vegetation within 2 km of both sides of CRS-I, slowing down the increase in FVC, while the WDP-YN improved vegetation within 2–6 km of both sides of CRS-II, the closer the distance to CRS-II, the faster the increase in FVC and the decrease in FVC slowed down within 0–2 km of both sides of CRS-II. This study sheds light on the impacts of water diversion infrastructure on vegetation coverage and provides practical guidance and reference for eco-environment protection and ecological restoration given water conservancy projects in China and other regions of the world.
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- 2024
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47. Estimation of Winter Wheat Chlorophyll Content Based on Wavelet Transform and the Optimal Spectral Index
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Xiaochi Liu, Zhijun Li, Youzhen Xiang, Zijun Tang, Xiangyang Huang, Hongzhao Shi, Tao Sun, Wanli Yang, Shihao Cui, Guofu Chen, and Fucang Zhang
- Subjects
winter wheat ,chlorophyll content ,hyperspectral ,wavelet transform ,optimal spectral index ,Agriculture - Abstract
Hyperspectral remote sensing technology plays a vital role in advancing modern precision agriculture due to its non-destructive and efficient nature. To achieve accurate monitoring of winter wheat chlorophyll content, this study utilized 68 sets of chlorophyll content data and hyperspectral measurements collected during the jointing stage of winter wheat over two consecutive years (2019–2020), under various fertilization types and nitrogen application levels. Continuous wavelet transform was applied to transform the original reflectance, ranging from 21 to 210, and the correlation matrix method was utilized to identify the spectral index at each scale, with the highest correlation to winter wheat chlorophyll content as the optimal spectral index combination input. Subsequently, winter wheat chlorophyll content prediction models were developed using three machine learning methods: random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), and a genetic algorithm-optimized backpropagation neural network (GA-BP). The results indicate that the spectral data processed through continuous wavelet transform at seven scales, from 21 to 27, show the highest correlation with winter wheat chlorophyll content at a scale of 26, with a correlation coefficient of 0.738, compared with the correlation of 0.611 of the original reflectance, and the accuracy is improved by 20.7%. The average highest correlation value between the spectral index at scale 26 and winter wheat chlorophyll content is 0.752. As the scale of wavelet transform increases, the correlation between the spectral index and winter wheat chlorophyll content and the accuracy of the predictive model show a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. The optimal input variables for predicting winter wheat chlorophyll content and the best machine learning method are the spectral data at a scale of 26 processing combined with the GA-BP model. The optimal predictive model has a validation set coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.859, root mean square error (RMSE) of 1.366, and mean relative error (MRE) of 2.920%. The results show that the prediction model can provide a technical basis for improving the hyperspectral inversion accuracy of winter wheat chlorophyll and modern precision agriculture.
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- 2024
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48. Soybean (Glycine max L.) Leaf Moisture Estimation Based on Multisource Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Image Feature Fusion
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Wanli Yang, Zhijun Li, Guofu Chen, Shihao Cui, Yue Wu, Xiaochi Liu, Wen Meng, Yucheng Liu, Jinyao He, Danmao Liu, Yifan Zhou, Zijun Tang, Youzhen Xiang, and Fucang Zhang
- Subjects
leaf moisture content ,multispectral ,soil moisture content ,soybean ,texture features ,vegetation indices ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
Efficient acquisition of crop leaf moisture information holds significant importance for agricultural production. This information provides farmers with accurate data foundations, enabling them to implement timely and effective irrigation management strategies, thereby maximizing crop growth efficiency and yield. In this study, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) multispectral technology was employed. Through two consecutive years of field experiments (2021–2022), soybean (Glycine max L.) leaf moisture data and corresponding UAV multispectral images were collected. Vegetation indices, canopy texture features, and randomly extracted texture indices in combination, which exhibited strong correlations with previous studies and crop parameters, were established. By analyzing the correlation between these parameters and soybean leaf moisture, parameters with significantly correlated coefficients (p < 0.05) were selected as input variables for the model (combination 1: vegetation indices; combination 2: texture features; combination 3: randomly extracted texture indices in combination; combination 4: combination of vegetation indices, texture features, and randomly extracted texture indices). Subsequently, extreme learning machine (ELM), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), and back propagation neural network (BPNN) were utilized to model the leaf moisture content. The results indicated that most vegetation indices exhibited higher correlation coefficients with soybean leaf moisture compared with texture features, while randomly extracted texture indices could enhance the correlation with soybean leaf moisture to some extent. RDTI, the random combination texture index, showed the highest correlation coefficient with leaf moisture at 0.683, with the texture combination being Variance1 and Correlation5. When combination 4 (combination of vegetation indices, texture features, and randomly extracted texture indices) was utilized as the input and the XGBoost model was employed for soybean leaf moisture monitoring, the highest level was achieved in this study. The coefficient of determination (R2) of the estimation model validation set reached 0.816, with a root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 1.404 and a mean relative error (MRE) of 1.934%. This study provides a foundation for UAV multispectral monitoring of soybean leaf moisture, offering valuable insights for rapid assessment of crop growth.
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- 2024
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49. Monitoring of Chlorophyll Content of Potato in Northern Shaanxi Based on Different Spectral Parameters
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Hongzhao Shi, Xingxing Lu, Tao Sun, Xiaochi Liu, Xiangyang Huang, Zijun Tang, Zhijun Li, Youzhen Xiang, Fucang Zhang, and Jingbo Zhen
- Subjects
potato ,hyperspectral ,chlorophyll content ,machine learning ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
Leaf chlorophyll content (LCC) is an important physiological index to evaluate the photosynthetic capacity and growth health of crops. In this investigation, the focus was placed on the chlorophyll content per unit of leaf area (LCCA) and the chlorophyll content per unit of fresh weight (LCCW) during the tuber formation phase of potatoes in Northern Shaanxi. Ground-based hyperspectral data were acquired for this purpose to formulate the vegetation index. The correlation coefficient method was used to obtain the “trilateral” parameters with the best correlation between potato LCCA and LCCW, empirical vegetation index, any two-band vegetation index constructed after 0–2 fractional differential transformation (step size 0.5), and the parameters with the highest correlation among the three spectral parameters, which were divided into four combinations as model inputs. The prediction models of potato LCCA and LCCW were constructed using the support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF) and back propagation neural network (BPNN) algorithms. The results showed that, compared with the “trilateral” parameter and the empirical vegetation index, the spectral index constructed by the hyperspectral reflectance after differential transformation had a stronger correlation with potato LCCA and LCCW. Compared with no treatment, the correlation between spectral index and potato LCC and the prediction accuracy of the model showed a trend of decreasing after initial growth with the increase in differential order. The highest correlation index after 0–2 order differential treatment is DI, and the maximum correlation coefficients are 0.787, 0.798, 0.792, 0.788 and 0.756, respectively. The maximum value of the spectral index correlation coefficient after each order differential treatment corresponds to the red edge or near-infrared band. A comprehensive comparison shows that in the LCCA and LCCW estimation models, the RF model has the highest accuracy when combination 3 is used as the input variable. Therefore, it is more recommended to use the LCCA to estimate the chlorophyll content of crop leaves in the agricultural practices of the potato industry. The results of this study can enhance the scientific understanding and accurate simulation of potato canopy spectral information, provide a theoretical basis for the remote sensing inversion of crop growth, and promote the development of modern precision agriculture.
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- 2024
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50. Photoredox-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Cross-Coupling Reaction to Synthesis Unsymmetrical Diarylmethanes
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Guozhe Guo, Yuquan Zhang, Yanchun Li, and Zhijun Li
- Subjects
decarboxylative ,cross coupling ,unsymmetrical diarylmethanes ,photoredox catalyzed ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
The photoredox-catalyzed decarboxylative cross-coupling reaction of aryl acetic acids and aryl nitriles has been achieved under an argon atmosphere in high yields. This method provides a fast way to obtain prevalent aryl acetic acids from an abundant natural source. A tentative radical mechanism has been proposed.
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- 2024
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