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As a material widely used in aerospace and energy development, the surface quality of nickel and its alloy will need to be improved urgently. Electrochemical polishing, as a surface treatment method, can smoothen the metal surface and improve its corrosion resistance. Strict environmental regulations have given rise to new electrochemical polishing techniques. In this paper, the electrochemical polishing of nickel was carried out using resin particles wetted by deep eutectic solvent (DES) as polishing medium. The surface morphology and roughness of polished nickel were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical profilometer. In addition, electrochemical polarization curve and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used to test the corrosion behavior of polished specimens in 3.5[Formula: see text]wt.% NaCl solution. The results show that the surface morphology of polished nickel shows grain boundary characteristics. The surface roughness Ra can be reduced from 0.612[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m to 0.0913[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m (under 30[Formula: see text]V voltage polishing 1[Formula: see text]h), and the corrosion current density can be reduced from 27.30[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]A[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text] to 12.15[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]A[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text]. Pitting potential in the polarization curve indicates that the pits at the grain boundaries are corroded due to the influx of corrosive chloride ions. This polishing method combines the resin with DES which can reduce the production of polishing liquid waste while avoiding the use of harmful acid-base electrolytes and effectively reduce the surface geometry uneven degree, improving the surface corrosion resistance.

In order to solve the problem of inaccurate positioning in the process of target tracking due to illumination, scale change and occlusion, a correlation filtering tracking algorithm based on generate compression network is proposed. Firstly, the encoder is used to compress the high-dimensional depth features extracted from VGG16 network, and the soft quantizer reduces floating-point operation so that improves the operation speed. Secondly, the discriminator of generative adversarial network guides the encoder and generator to better compress and recover the original depth features by generating a discriminator against the network, so as to enhance the ability of the encoder to extract the key features of the target, then, the compressed depth features, gray features and hog features are combined to improve the ability of target representation. Thirdly, the correlation filter and PCA feature dimensionality reduction are used to complete the target precise location and discriminant scale estimation. The experimental results show that the tracking accuracy of the proposed algorithm is 87.1%, and the tracking rate is up to 70fps.

X-ray flaw detection is widely used in the non-destructive testing method for industrial pressure vessels and the intuitive defect information can be obtained through the X-ray film. Digitizing X-ray film and realizing online evaluation of weld information is a focus in this field. To meet the requirements of DS level in the EN1409 international standard, a 12-bit or 16-bit industrial camera must be used to digitize the X-ray film, to ensure that the obtained high-gray-scale image has more details and more obvious features. Due to the low resolution of the grayscale image by the human eye, there is a relatively large error when evaluating the weld seam information in the grayscale image with low overall brightness and contrast. In addition, when an ordinary 8-bit monitor displays the above grayscale image with a high bit depth, problems, such as loss of detail information and blurring of the image, will occur due to the mismatch of the bit depth, resulting in greater errors. Aiming at the above problems, this paper proposed an image enhancement algorithm for displaying high-bit RAW images on the low-bit monitor. The pseudo-color enhancement algorithm was used in high gray-scale weld images, and a reasonable chromatographic mapping relationship was formulated according to the visual characteristics of the human eye to solve the problem of information loss caused by bit depth mismatch. Through pseudo-color processing, the defect information and the background color of the weld showed different colors, which was convenient for the capture of defect information in the weld. Compared with the existing algorithms, various indicators have been greatly improved, enriching the amount of information and strengthening the image recognition effects.

Migraine is a neurovascular disease and has been reported as a risk factor for ocular vascular complications. Our study aimed to compare the retinal vessel density and perfusion density between migraine patients and healthy subjects by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).In this prospective study, 23 patients with migraine with aura (MWA) and 31 patients with migraine without aura (MWOA), and 32 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HC) were enrolled. The vessel density (VD) and perfusion density (PD) were evaluated in a 6 × 6 mm scan of the macula and optic nerve head (ONH) with the Cirrus HD-OCT 5000 device. The measurement area is divided into three areas: center (c), inner ring (ir), outer ring (or) (with diameters of 1, 3, and 6 mm respectively), and nine subfields, according to the Early Treatment Retinopathy Study grid.The macular cVD, cPD, and temporal orVD in MWA and MWOA groups were significantly reduced than those of HC. On optic nerve head OCTA, patients with MWA had decreased cVD, average irVD, inferior irVD, and temporal orVD compared with HCs while MWOA had reduced cVD than HC group. In addition, PD was not significantly different among MWA, MWOA, and HC groups in any measure in the optic nerve head. The Migraine Disability Assessment Score (MIDAS) and attack frequency were significantly inversely correlated with cVD, cPD, irVD, and irPD of macula and ONH.Vessel and perfusion density of macula were reduced in both MWA and MWOA. Vessel density, but not perfusion density of ONH was decreased in MWA. The migraine severity and attack frequency were significantly inversely correlated with vessel and perfusion density of macula and ONH.

Low open-circuit photovoltage and poor hole transfer character of semiconductors have limited the development of p-type dye-sensitized solar cells (p-DSSCs) owing to the minor energy-gap between the conduction band of NiO and the Nernstian potential of the I3−/I− electrolyte, as well as the low intrinsic hole-conductivity of NiO semiconductor. Hereby, a novel NiO/CuO nanocomposite was well-designed and successfully fabricated as photocathode material of p-DSSCs. Combined with Co2+/Co3+ electrolyte, the devices showed noticeable enhancement of both open-circuit photovoltage and short-circuit photocurrent. Compared to NiO, a deeper valence-band of NiO/CuO resulted in a 140 mV improvement of photovoltage of p-DSSCs. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy indiates an improved hole transport of NiO/CuO nanocomposite due to modified effect by CuO. Charge recombinations are also suppressed to achieve increased charge collection efficiencies and improved photoelectrochemical performance.

With the development of deep learning, target detection from vision sensor has achieved high accuracy and efficiency. However, small target detection remains a challenge due to inadequate use of semantic information and detailed texture information of underlying features. To solve the above problems, this paper proposes a small target detection algorithm based on Mask R-CNN model which integrates transfer learning and deep separable network. Firstly, the feature pyramid fusion structure is introduced to enhance the learning effect of low-level and high-level features, especially to strengthen the information channel of low-level feature and meanwhile optimize the feature information of small target. Secondly, the ELU function is used as the activation function to solve the problem that the original activation function disappears in the negative half axis gradient. Finally, a new loss function F-Softmax combined with Focal Loss was adopted to solve the imbalance of positive and negative sample proportions. In this paper, self-made data set is used to carry out experiments, and the experimental results show that the proposed algorithm makes the detection accuracy of small targets reach 66.5%.

Combat mission system is an organic combination of scheduling command system and collaborative control system. The integrity and reliability of the system not only depend on the optimal control algorithm used by the system but also depend on the reasonable scheduling combination of battlefield resources. In this paper, the combat capability load fitness function, the scheduling strategy model integrated with the combined clustering method, and the code association structure model are proposed. The simulation results show that this method can accelerate the convergence speed of the algorithm, optimize the objective function of the model, cluster and combine the platform equipment set well, and improve the robustness of the model and the effectiveness of the battlefield application under different mission sizes.

To investigate the protect effect of polysaccharides extract from cassia seeds (CSPE) on human retinal endothelial cells (HRECs) in hyperglycemia environment. The same amount of human retinal endothelial cells (HRECs), respectively, inoculated in vitro were divided into normal group (Con group), hyperglycemia group (H-Glu group), and different concentration of cassia polysaccharides extract (CSPE) combined with high glucose medium group (CSPE group). HRECs in Con group were cultured routinely. The cell in H-Glu group was treated with high glucose, in which the concentration of glucose in the medium was 30 mM. HRECs in CSPE group were treated with different concentrations of CSPE combined with high glucose. Enhanced cell counting kit-8(CCK8) assay was used to measure the HRECs cell survival rate in different groups. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in different group was measured by flow cytometry. The real-time quantitative PCR analysis was used for determining intracellular heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) mRNA levels. Western Blot was applied to test the change of proteins, such as HO-1- and NF–E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) protein. The cell survival rate of the H-Glu group was significantly lower than that of the Con group (P

In a comparison with two-dimensional (2D) composites, three-dimensional (3D) composites have attracted large interest in the high-tech field. This is mainly attributed to their superior out-of-plane mechanical properties. The flexible oriented 3D woven technology is an emerging technology for manufacturing 3D composite preforms with complicated architectures. However, the forming process is obviously interfered by the deformation of the guide bar array (GBA). A novel systematic deformation model of the GBA has, in the present paper, been developed for the description of the deformation behavior during fabrication of the 3D orthogonal and 2.5D composite preforms. A coupling of the weaving and GBA construction parameters was also considered in the proposed model. The results show that the experimental and theoretic deformation characteristics match well, with a difference less than 11%, which is an indication of an effective systematic deformation model. This investigation has both contributed to the reduction of computational efforts and the optimization of the flexible oriented 3D woven process.

Lung adenocarcinoma is the most common subtype of non-small cell lung cancer and responsible for more than 500,000 deaths per year worldwide. In this study, we aimed to explore the effects of COPB2 in the progression of lung adenocarcinoma and its underlying mechanism. The mRNA and protein levels of COPB2 in tumor tissues and cell lines were determined by qRT-PCR and western blotting analysis. siRNAs and over-expressed vector targeting COPB2 were used to down-regulate and up-regulate COPB2 expression in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines H1975. Cell apoptosis rate, proliferation and tumorigenesis of H1975 cells were determined by flow cytometry analysis, MTT assay and in vivo xenotransplantation assay, respectively. Western blotting and immunofluorescence assays were performed to evaluate the effects of COPB on the expression and subcellular location of YAP. Results showed COPB2 was significantly up-regulated in lung adenocarcinoma tissues and cell lines, which showed a close correlation with advanced clinical symptoms, such as tumor differentiation, TNM stage and the occurrence of lymph node metastasis and distance metastasis. Besides, the overall survival time of patients with high expression of COPB2 was shorter than that of patients with low COPB2 expression. After knockdown of COPB2, cell apoptosis rate was increased, whereas cell proliferation was decreased. Compared with that in the normal lung cell line H1688 cells, YAP1 expression was obviously increased in H1975, and over-expression of COPB2 translocated YAP1 from cytoplasm to nuclear, whereas knockdown of COPB2 showed the opposite effect. Overexpression of COPB2 enhanced cell proliferation, tumorigenesis and inhibited cell apoptosis. However, these effects were abolished when down-regulated YAP1 expression on the base of COPB2 over-expression. In conclusion, the increased expression of COPB2 was significantly correlated with the progression of lung adenocarcinoma. Up-regulation of COPB2 inhibited cell apoptosis and promoted cell growth and tumorigenesis through up-regulating YAP1 expression in lung adenocarcinoma.

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). This article has been retracted at the request of authors. The Journal received an expression of concern from a reader, which noted that: “The problem is that there is no IL-26 gene in the mouse. They claim they bought the KO mouse and the mouse IL-26 protein but given that there is no mouse IL-26 gene, a purchase is not possible and in fact no such reagents are available. Furthermore they do reference and anti-IL-26 antibody but the spec sheet clearly states that it is only reactive with the human protein…., the Enzo Life Sciences online catalog does not have a listing for recombinant IL-26 of any kind.” The authors apologize for their mistakes and have asked to retract the article.

In the recycling process of lithium-ion battery, the poor external environment will lead to the degradation of battery performance, so it is necessary to predict the residual life of lithiumion battery. However, the aging cycle of lithium-ion battery is long, so it is difficult to obtain sufficient aging data in a short time. Aiming at the problem of low prediction accuracy of lithium battery residual life under the condition of small samples, a BP neural network modelling algorithm fused with expert knowledge is proposed. Firstly, indirect health factors were extracted from the aging data of lithium battery in NASA PCOE laboratory. Secondly, the initial weight and threshold of BP neural network were optimized by genetic algorithm, and the initial multiplier value of the augmented Lagrange function was set according to Spearman correlation coefficient. Finally, the expert knowledge is integrated into the training process of BP neural network through the augmented Lagrange multiplier method. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has higher prediction accuracy than the traditional BP neural network under the condition of small samples.

An I2/KI-promoted oxidative C–C bond formation reaction from C(sp3)–H and C(sp2)–H bonds has been used to construct quinazoline skeletons from N,N′-disubstituted amidines. The required substrates are readily prepared from the corresponding acyl chlorides, anilines, and alkyl/benzylamines by sequential amidation, chlorination, and amination reactions. Under the optimal oxidative cyclization conditions, all these amidines were conveniently transformed into the expected products in moderate to good yields. This practical and environmentally benign approach works well with crude amidine intermediates and can also be carried out on a gram scale.

An intramolecular aryl C−H amination reaction has been achieved using molecular iodine as the sole oxidant for the synthesis of benzimidazole derivatives. The required substrates were readily prepared by addition or coupling of arylamines with the corresponding nitriles or aryl iodides. Iodine-mediated oxidative cyclization of these substrates in the presence of potassium carbonate (K2CO3) as base afforded the corresponding products in moderate to good yields. The transition metal-free protocol presented here is insensitive to air and operationally simple. This versatile and eco-friendly synthetic methodology is broadly applicable to a variety of N-aryl-substituted amidines and pyridin-2-amines, and provides direct access to both 1H-benzo[d]imidazole and pyrido[1,2-a]benzimidazole derivatives from the corresponding precursors.

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to study the feasibility and acceptability of electroacupuncture (EA) for preventing postoperative gastrointestinal complications in patients undergoing thoracoscopic segmentectomy/lobectomy. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sixty patients who underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic (VATS) segmentectomy/lobectomy received either EA treatments plus usual care (EA group) or usual care alone (UC group). Patients in the EA group were given 30 minutes of bilateral electroacupuncture on 3 acupoints [Neiguan (PC6), Zusanli (ST36), and Shangjuxu (ST37)] at 3 time points (24 hours before surgery, and 4 hours and 24 hours after surgery). The primary outcomes were recruitment, retention, acceptability of the EA intervention, incidence and severity of abdominal distension (AD), and time to first flatus and defecation. Secondary outcomes included postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), pain intensity, and duration of hospital stay. RESULTS We recruited 60 participants and 59 were randomized into 2 groups for this study: 30 in the EA group and 29 in the UC group. In total, 57 participants completed the study. With the exception of one participant in the EA group, all participants completed all three sessions of EA. The one exclusion was a case where a paravertebral block was not used during the surgery. Qualitative findings from the acceptability questionnaire indicated that participants viewed the EA treatment as acceptable. After EA treatment, there was a small but statistically significant improvement in participants' acceptance of EA for alleviating postoperative gastrointestinal discomfort (P=0.001). The EA group showed improved outcomes compared to the UC group in terms of time to first flatus (20.8±4.6 versus 24.1±6.2 hours, P=0.026) and defecation (53.9±6.0 versus 57.5±7.2 hours, P=0.046). No significant differences appeared regarding AD, rescue medication, or duration of hospitalization. PONV and pain intensity were similar in both groups at the recorded time periods. CONCLUSIONS EA is feasible and acceptable to patients undergoing VATS surgery. Our preliminary findings of EA promoting postoperative recovery of gastrointestinal function warrants large randomized controlled trials.

The low-latency reliability video transmission system designed in this paper can complete the functions of real-time image acquisition, transmission and display. The system uses Raspberry Pi 3B+ controller as the core; the 500W pixel camera OV5647 module with CSI interface feature is used as the acquisition module to collect image data in real time and perform compression coding processing; adaptive control of image measurement and control data through 4G public mobile communication network transmission. The experimental results show that the reliability video transmission method designed in this paper can achieve low latency reliability transmission of 480P and 720P resolutions. It can ensure low-latency reception of HD images at the receiving end, and the receiving frame rate is stable above 11FPS, which satisfies the system design requirements.

An I2/KI-mediated oxidative N-N bond formation reaction is described. This new and environmentally benign approach allows for the convenient synthesis of a variety of 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyridines and other 1,5-fused 1,2,4-triazoles from readily available N-aryl amidines in an efficient and scalable fashion.

To describe a novel approach to orbital decompression for dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON).An augmented endoscopic transethmoid medial orbital wall decompression (ETMOWD) was performed on 43 consecutive patients (72 eyes) with DON in order to access the orbital apex adequately. Concurrently, endoscopic transethmoid fat decompression (ETFD) using a novel aspiration/cutting instrument to remove orbital fat was performed for further reduction of proptosis. All patients were followed up periodically for at least 6 months. Outcomes such as improvement of visual acuity (VA), color vision, degree of proptosis reduction as well as the incidence of surgical induced diplopia were analyzed at the final review.Sixty-nine out of 72 eyes (95.8%) had a statistically significant improvement in VA from -0.65 ± 0.30 to -0.25 ± 0.22 postoperatively, with a mean improvement of 0.55 ± 0.17 (p 0.001). Thirty-four out of 45 eyes had an improvement in color vision (p 0.001). The range of proptosis reduction was 4 to 9 mm (mean 6.2 ± 1.2 mm). Postoperative symmetry was achieved to within 2 mm using an exophthalmometer in 39 of 43 patients (90.7%). Five patients developed diplopia in the postoperative phase, but had complete resolution within 3 months. Two patients had further deterioration in their diplopia following surgery.Our technique of a combined ETFD with ETMOWD appears to be effective in managing patients with DON, with minimal morbidities and a low incidence of postoperative diplopia.

A novel β-D-2′-deoxy-2′-α-fluoro-2′-β- C -(fluoromethyl)uridine phosphoramidate prodrug ( 1 ) has been synthesized. This compound exhibits submicromolar-level antiviral activity in vitro against HCV genotypes 1b, 1a, 2a, and S282T replicons (EC 50 = 0.18–1.13 μM) with low cytotoxicity (CC 50 > 1000 μM). Administered orally, prodrug 1 is well tolerated at doses of up to 4 g/kg in mice, and produces a high level of the corresponding triphosphate in rat liver.

A novel 2',3'-dideoxy-2'-α-fluoro-2'-β

Background: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and toxicity of single pemetrexed treatment compared with platinum-based pemetrexed doublet pemetrexed-based as first-line treatment for advanced nonsquamous nonsmall cell lung cancer (NS-NSCLC) in elderly Chinese patients. Methods: The study retrospectively reviewed 175 elderly Chinese patients with NS-NSCLC from June 2010 to September 2013: 90 patients received single pemetrexed treatment, 45 received pemetrexed plus oxaliplatin, and 40 received pemetrexed plus carboplatin. Clinical efficacy was assessed using disease control rate (DCR), overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS). Results: DCR, OS, and PFS did not significantly differ between single pemetrexed treatment (OS: 14.9 months; DCR: 62.2%; PFS: 3.3 months), pemetrexed plus oxaliplatin (OS: 16.5 months; DCR: 71.1%; PFS: 4.5 months), and pemetrexed plus carboplatin (OS: 15.5 months; DCR: 70.0%; PFS: 4.6 months) groups. Pemetrexed treatment caused significantly lower incidences of adverse events, such as hepatotoxicity and peripheral nerve injury. Performance status (PS), TNM stage, and Thymidylate synthase (TS) expression were predictive factors of DCR. Pemetrexed chemotherapy cycles, PS, and TNM stage were independent prognostic factors. Conclusions: Single pemetrexed was noninferior to platinum-based pemetrexed doublet for clinical efficacy and safety in elderly Chinese patients with advanced NS-NSCLC. Chemotherapy cycles, performance status, and TNM stage were independent prognostic factors.

The present work reports the first solid phase synthesis of biologically interesting d - threo -1-phenyl-2-decanoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol ( d - threo -PDMP) derivatives. This synthetic strategy includes facile preparation of versatile azido intermediate ( 5 ) in a relatively short sequence and the subsequent derivatization of 5 , which led to a series of sulfonamide, urea and heterocycle substituted PDMP analogs ( 10 and 10 ′). With this method, a 5280-member compound library has been successfully built by IRORI Nanokan © system.

An iodine mediated intramolecular C—H amination of N-2-pyridyl substituted electron rich anilines is developed to produce pyrido[1,2-a]benzimidazoles in good yields, in general.

An I

A novel and practical strategy for the construction of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-amine frameworks has been developed. The present sequential approach involves addition of arylamines to nitriles and I2 /KI-mediated oxidative C-N bond formation without purification of the intermediate amidines. This operationally simple synthetic process provides a facile access to a variety of new 2-amino substituted imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines and related heterocyclic compounds in an efficient and scalable fashion.