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The high-throughput production of the eco-friendly MIL-88A(Fe) was achieved under mild reaction conditions with normal pressure and temperature. The as-prepared MIL-88A(Fe) exhibited efficient photo-Fenton catalytic ofloxacin (OFL) degradation upon visible light irradiation with good stability and reusability. The OFL (20.0 mg/L) was completely degraded within 50 min under visible light with the aid of MIL-88A(Fe) (0.25 g/L) and H

BackgroundAspirin following unfractionated heparin is the most common anticoagulation strategy for pediatric patients who experienced cardiac surgery at high risk of thrombosis. The platelet aggregation test is the golden method to evaluate the aspirin effect on platelet function. However, the platelet aggregation basal status before postoperative aspirin initiation and the related clinical influencing factors hasn't been investigated systemically in this population.MethodsIn a prospective cohort of 247 children, arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation (PAG-AA) was measured by means of light transmission aggregometry (LTA) before the first dose of aspirin after cardiac surgical procedure and the perioperative variables were also collected. Distribution of this population's PAG-AA basal status was described. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to identify the main influencing factors of PAG-AA.ResultsThe median time of aspirin administration was 2 (1–27) days after surgery and the corresponding median value of basal PAG-AA was 20.70% (1.28–86.49%), with 67.6% population under 55% and 47.8% population under 20%. Patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) had a significantly lower basal PAG-AA than those without (30.63 ± 27.35 vs. 57.91 ± 27.58, p = 0.013). While patients whose test done within 3 days after CPB had a significantly lower PAG-AA than those out of 3 days (25.61 ± 25.59 vs. 48.59 ± 26.45, p = 0.001). Univariate analysis implied that the influencing factors of the basal PAG-AA including CPB use, test time point, cyanosis, and platelet count. Multivariate regression analysis indicated that only CPB use, test time point, and platelet count were the main independent influencing factors for the basal PAG-AA.ConclusionThe majority of children have impaired basal platelet aggregometry responses before postoperative aspirin initiation. The main influencing factors are CPB use, test time point, and platelet count. To establish the platelet aggregometry baseline prior to commencement of aspirin therapy, testing should be performed 3 days later following the procedure when effect of CPB is basically over.

The effect of sulphide (Na2S) concentration (SC) on the corrosion and cavitation erosion behaviours of a cast nickel aluminium bronze (NAB) in 3.5% NaCl solution is investigated in this study. The results show that when the SC exceeds 50 ppm, the hydrogen evolution reaction dominates the cathodic process, and a limiting current region appears in the anodic branch of the polarisation curve due to the formation of a copper sulphide film, which is a diffusion-controlled process. After long-term immersion, the increased mass loss rate of NAB with the sulphide additions of 20 and 50 ppm is attributed to the less protective films, which contains a mixture of copper oxides and sulphides. Moreover, NAB undergoes severe localised corrosion (selective phase corrosion, SPC) at the β′ phases and eutectoid microstructure α + κIII. By comparison, NAB undergoes general corrosion and a copper sulphide film is formed in 100 and 200 ppm sulphide solutions. Cavitation erosion greatly increases the corrosion rate of NAB in all solutions and causes a negative potential shift in 3.5% NaCl solution due to the film destruction. However, a positive potential shift occurs in the solutions with SC higher than 50 ppm due to the accelerated mass transfer of the cathodic process. The cavitation erosion mass loss rate of NAB increases with the increase of SC. The occurrence of severe SPC decreases the phase boundary cohesion and causes brittle fracture under the cavitation impact. The corrosion–enhanced erosion is the most predominant factor for the cavitation erosion damage when the SC exceeds 50 ppm.

New all-inorganic perovskites like Cs4PbBr6 provide rich luminescent tools and particularly novel physical insights, including their zero-dimensional structure and controversial emitting mechanism. The ensuing debate over the origin of the luminescence of Cs4PbBr6 inspired us to tackle the issue through fabricating high-quality Cs4PbBr6 single crystals and employing ultrafast dynamics study. Upon photoexcitation, Cs4PbBr6 underwent dynamics steps distinct from that of CsPbBr3, including exciton migration to the defect level on a time scale of several hundred femtoseconds, exciton relaxation within the defect states on the picosecond time scale, and exciton recombination from the subnanosecond to nanosecond time scale. The observation disclosed that crystal defects of Cs4PbBr6 induced green emission while CsPbBr3 mainly relied on quantum confinement to emit at room temperature. The study provides an in-depth understanding of the photoinduced multistep dynamics steps of Cs4PbBr6 associated with display and photovoltaic applications, establishing Cs4PbBr6 as a new candidate for uses associated with the perovskite family of materials.

A novel molten salt method was employed to synthesize 10% Nb doped La0.6Sr0.4FeO3−δ (LSFN). The as-synthesized powders were pure and adopted a porous structure. Using LSFN as the oxygen electrode for a reversible solid oxide cell, the button cell exhibited a peak power density of 0.79 W cm−2 in H2 and an electrolysis current density of 0.89 A cm−2 at 1.3 V in 50% CO2/50% H2 at 800 °C. A large fraction of Fe2+ was found in LSFN, resulting in the improved performance. Our results indicate that the molten salt method is a promising approach for the synthesis of highly active perovskite electrode with a dopant of Nb.

Semiconductor-metal heterojunctions are widely used in the design of photocatalyst for water splitting and organic compound degradation. In this work we introduced the design and fabrication of Au/CuO/Co3O4 tricomponent heterojunction to produce oxygen efficiently through photocatalysis of water. A facile and universal strategy was employed to prepare Au/CuO/Co3O4 tricomponent nanotubes. The CuO/Co3O4 nanotubes were first synthesized by electrospinning technique and subsequent thermal treatment. Upon visible light excitation, the CuO/Co3O4 nanotubes in the presence of HAuCl4.4H2O readily transformed into Au/CuO/Co3O4 heterojunction nanotubes. These tricomponent heterostructures demonstrated high O2 generation rate of 2.92 mmol h–1g–1 during the photocatalytic process, a value much larger than that of CuO/Co3O4 nanotube control. The work suggests that the design of tricomponent heterojunctions integrating semiconductor-semiconductor and semiconductor-metal heterojunctions could be an effective route to rai...

Flexible and wearable supercapacitors (SCs) have received extensive attention due to their promising applications in wearable electronics. Previous efforts have been mainly devoted to fabricate electrode materials with high surface areas, including activated carbon through carbonizing natural fibers at high temperature. This methodology however frequently disintegrates the fibrous structures and fails to take full advantage of the intrinsic and foremost feature of the fibers as fabrics. Herein we proposed one alternative strategy to enhance SC performance through utilizing natural hollow Calotropis gigantea fibers (CGFs) with hydrophobic surfaces to confine conductive polymer of polypyrrole (PPy) both outside and inside of the fiber lumen. The in situ electrodeposited PPy enabled a full contact between the electrode material and electrolyte, enlarged the electrolyte accessible area and spurred the capacitive performance of the SC, which demonstrated a significantly improved specific capacitance of 785.78 mF cm−2 at a current density of 4 mA cm −2 compared with the 648.44 mF cm−2 of SCs without the fibers (a 21.2% increase). The harness of confinement effect could potentially expand to be a general way to rationally design synthetic fibers with customized inner and outer diameter ratios, superficial hydrophobic/hydrophilic properties to realize optimum electrochemical performance for SCs.

Two dimensional (2D) black phosphorus (BP) has attracted great attention in recent years, but its applications have been hindered by poor stability and difficulty in functionalization. In this work, we demonstrate that negatively charged BP fabricated via lithium ion intercalation exhibits much higher reactivity to diazonium modification than commonly studied neutral BP. The diazonium functionalized BP nanosheets show high surface coverage and remain stable under ambient conditions for more than 200 days. Such covalently modified BP nanosheets also provide a versatile platform for further chemical decoration toward a wide range of functionalities. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate that the highly stable and covalently functionalized 2D BP materials can be applied in nonlinear optics and catalysis. Together with the high versatility and scale-up potential, the surface functionalization method based on negatively charged 2D BP could significantly expand the applications of BP in a wide range of fields.

A facile and green mechanosynthesis strategy free of solvent and high reaction temperature was developed to fabricate highly emissive cesium lead halide perovskite (CsPbX3) quantum dots (QDs). Their composition can be adjusted conveniently simply through mechanically milling/grinding stoichiometric combinations of raw reagents, thereby introducing a broad luminescence tunability of the product with adjustable wavelength, line width, and photoluminescence quantum yield. Desired CsPbX3 QDs “library” can thus be readily constructed in a way like assembling Lego building blocks. Hence, the method offered new avenues in the preparation of multicomponent cocrystals, adding one appealing apparatus to the tool box of perovskite-type QDs synthesis. Intriguingly, photoinduced dynamic study revealed the hole-transfer process of the as-prepared QDs toward electron donors, indicative of their potential in charge-transfer-based applications such as light-harvesting devices and photocatalysis.

New all-inorganic perovskites like Cs

One novel cobalt-coordinated graphitic carbon nitride-type polymer (Co-g-CN) integrating the advantages of both molecular catalytic efficiency and nano semiconductor stability was fabricated, which served as homogeneous photocatalyst exhibiting superior hydrogen evolution efficiency (ca. ∼ 12.3 mmol g–1 h–1) under visible light irradiation in the absence of noble metal cocatalyst. Various techniques including laser photolysis and electron paramagnetic resonance were combined to disentangle the underlying photocatalytic mechanism, which suggested that, unlike nano semiconducting catalysis, the multivalent Co metal center of the polymer mediated the electron transfer process, directly got involved in the proton reduction by sequentially exchanging electrons in a way similar to those molecular coordinated catalysts. These findings provide useful insight into the photocatalytic mechanism of the metal center-mediated water splitting process, and the employment of an economical non-noble metal-coordinated polym...

Sr-substituted ABO3 perovskite oxides such as La0.6Sr0.4MnO3−δ (LSM) and La0.6Sr0.4FeO3−δ (LSF) are widely used as oxygen electrode materials in solid oxide cells. The substituted Sr is not adequately stable under the operating conditions, because of the surface segregation of Sr. Herein, we focused on investigating the relationship between the local geometric structure due to Sr substitution and stability of LSM and LSF. We characterized the local geometric structure of Sr atoms via X-ray absorption spectroscopy. A greater Debye–Waller factor and a longer bond length of both the second and third Sr–O shells were observed in LSF, which demonstrates that LSF has a higher local structural disorder and that Sr in LSF requires less energy to segregate. After 20 h of heat treatment in the presence of a Fe–Cr alloy interconnect, the Sr/La molar ratio on LSF was observed to be much larger than that on LSM. This result unequivocally suggests that Sr in LSF is not as stable as in LSM, and the reaction between Sr and Cr accelerates the Sr surface segregation in LSF.

Prostate cancer (PC), the most commonly diagnosed malignancy, is also the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Although tremendous efforts have been achieved to improve the early detection of PC, it is still urgent to find out novel markers and therapeutic targets for PC patients. Homeobox protein MOX-1 (MEOX1) is found to be ectopically expressed in human cancers. This study aims to test the hypothesis that MEOX1 gene silencing might suppress the proliferation and invasion of LNCaP cells in PC.Microarray analysis was conducted to screen PC-related differentially expressed gene. MEOX1 was silenced to detect the relationship between silenced MEOX1 and cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and invasion. Expression of MEOX1, Bcl-2, p53, and Bax in LNCaP cells was determined using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. Cell proliferation, colony formation rate, cell migration, invasion, cell cycle, and apoptosis were detected respectively.MEOX1 gene was found to be expressed highly in PC tissues. After MEOX1 was silenced in LNCaP cells, the mRNA and protein expression of Bcl-2 decreased while the mRNA and protein expressions of p53 and Bax increased. Additionally, cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were reduced while cell apoptosis was increased by MEOX1, and MEOX1 gene silencing was revealed to inhibit cell proliferation and decrease tumorigenic ability of LNCaP cells in nude mice.Taken together, MEOX1 gene silencing could decrease the proliferation and increase apoptosis of LNCaP cells, and so it is expected to be a therapeutic target for PC.

Ultrathin BP QDs with a uniform size of ∼3.4 nm were prepared via small molecule-assisted liquid phase exfoliation and they exhibited superior broadband nonlinear saturable absorption promising for nonlinear optical applications. Laser photolysis measurement implied that the nonlinear response origin was related to the long-lived electron-hole pairs delocalized within the BP QDs.

Ultrathin uniform BP nanosheets with lateral dimensions of up to several tens of micrometers were prepared via a small molecule-assisted liquid phase exfoliation method, which exhibited attractive electron accepting abilities from photosensitizers and was thus promising in diverse applications such as photocatalysis and photovoltaics.

The first investigation of chiral ruthenium(II) complexes Δ- and Λ-[Ru(bpy)

In this paper the effect of solution treatment on the corrosion resistance of welding joint of Ni56Cr22Mo13 alloy was studied by polarization curves, mass loss method, SEM. The results indicated that the composition of alloy welded was not uniform and the corrosion resistance of welding joint of Ni56Cr22Mo13 alloy was poor. After solution treatment, the corrosion resistance was enhanced.

Using local density approximation and generalized gradient approximation functions, we carried out relativistic density functional studies on the molecular structure and vibrational frequencies of actinides fluorides (ThF4, UF4 and UF6). Bonding lengths are in good agreement with available experimental data. Bonding energies and vibrational frequencies are predicted with relativistic scalar ZORA effects.

The relativistic mean-field (RMF) theory is used to calculate the properties of A = 7-9 drip-line nuclei (7)Li, (7;9)Be, (8;9)B, and (9)C. sytematic deviations between experimental and theoretical binding energies are found. Possible reasons of these systematic deviations are discussed in terms of pairing energy. The root-mean-square (rms) radii of matter distributions for these nuclei agree with the experimental data quite well. The one-proton halo structure in (8)B is reproduced well, and the two-proton halo in (9)C is predicted. The calculations show that the RMF theory is valid in studying the properties of light drip-line nuclei.

A highly uniform Fe antidot array with a density up to 1.2×1010/cm2 was fabricated by RF magnetron sputtering deposition of Fe film on porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show the deposited Fe film was well patterned by AAO template with antidots arranged in a hexagonal manner. Further investigation by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) reveals that the deposited Fe film has polycrystalline microstructure with random orientation. The patterned Fe film with antidots exhibits peculiar magnetic reversal features in both the increasing of coercive field (Hc) and the decreasing of remanent magnetization in comparison with the continuous Fe film of the same thickness on glass substrate. A dramatically large out of plane Hc of 280Oe which might be caused by the cylindrical Fe structures formed in AAO channels was observed.

Considering the Coulomb-hydrodynamic explosion induced by the interaction of a deuterium cluster target with ultra-intensity femtosecond laser, the mechanism which generates energetic deuterium nuclei for the fusion has been analyzed. The formulas for expansions of the deuterium ion cluster, which are driven by the Coulomb-hydrodynamic explosion, are proposed. Hence the kinetic energies of deuterium nuclei and the expansion time of deuterium ion cluster have been estimated.

The isospin dependence of the nucleon effective mass is investigated in the framework of the Dirac Brueckner-Hartree-Fock (DBHF) approach. The definition of nucleon scalar and vector effective masses in the relativistic approach is clarified. Only the vector effective mass is the quantity related to the empirical value extracted from the analysis in the nonrelatiistic shell and optical potentials. In the relativistic mean field theory, where the nucleon scalar and vector potentials are both energy independent, the neutron vector potential is stronger than that of proton in the neutron rich nuclear matter, which produces a smaller neutron vector effective mass than that of proton. It is pointed out that the energy dependence of nucleon potentials has to be considered in the analysis of the isospin dependence of the nucleon effective mass. In the DBHF the neutron vector effective mass is larger than that of proton once the energy dependence of nucleon potentials is considered. The results are consistent with the analysis of phenomenological isospin dependent optical potentials., Comment: 4 pages, 3 Postscript figures

The newly discovered neutron halos in the excited states of nuclei B-12, C-13, and Pb-209 are studied by the relativistic mean-field theory. The calculated binding energies are very close to the experimental ones. The experimentally extracted root-mean-square radii of the last neutron with different occupations in nuclei are well reproduced by calculations. New candidates for the neutron halos in excited states are predicted and are useful for further search of neutron halos in the excited states of stable nuclei.

Radioactive ion beams were produced through the projectile fragmentation induced by 69 MeV/nucleon Ar-36 primary beam on a Be-9\ target. Measurements of reaction cross sections (sigma(R)'s) for 44 nuclei with A < 30 (mostly proton-rich), on carbon were performed on RIBLL (Radioactive Ion Beam Line in Lanzhou) of HIRFL (Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou) at intermediate energies around 30 MeV/nucleon by a transmission method. The experimental sigma(R) values for Al-23 and P-27 are abnormally large compared with their neighboring nuclei. Together with the previous experimental facts such as the binding energy and ground state data, it suggests anomalously large matter root-mean-square radii and proton halo structure in Al-23 and in P-27. There is an enhancement for the sigma(R) of F-17 + C-12 compared with the neighboring isotopes. Considering that the ground state of F-17 is 1d(5/2), this can indicate that there is a proton skin in F-17. The calculation of relativistic density-dependent Hartree model (RDDH) shows that the nuclei Al-23 and P-27 may have proton-halo structure and F-17 may have proton-skin structure. The significance of these measurements is discussed. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

The embedded atom method (EAM) has been used to calculate boundary concentration distributions of Ni, Al, and B, and B probabilities in the "interstitial" and the "substitutional" sites, at the Ni3Al-x at.% B (100% Ni/100% Ni) [001]/Sigma5(210)/36.87degrees grain boundary at the equilibrium. It has been proposed by us that the bulk effects of B on the grain boundary include the main effect, that is, the B atoms induce Ni atoms to substitute into Al sites, and the sub-effect, that is, the B atoms substitute into Ni sites. In this work, it is found that at as x increases from 0.1 to 1.0, the B probability in the "interstitial" sites decreases from 97.3% to 38.8%, while that in the "substitutional" sites increases from 2.7% to 61.2%. It is also found that owing to combination of the main effect and the sub-effect, corresponding to B enrichment increasing, the Ni enrichment and the Al depletion become more and more obvious when x increases from 0.1 to 0.5. Then, corresponding to B enrichment decreasing, the Ni enrichment and the Al depletion also become more and more obvious when x decreases from 0.9 to 0.5. Thus, between low (x = 0.1) and high (x = 0.9) B bulk concentrations, there is a B bulk concentration (x = 0.5), at which the Ni enrichment and the Al depletion become the most obvious, and Ni is approximately saturated. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V All rights reserved.

Measurements of reaction cross section (sigma(R)) for some proton-rich nuclei (N = 8, 10, 12 isotones) on carbon target at intermediate energies have been performed on RIBLL of HIRFL by a transmission method. The experimental sigma(R) values for Al-23 and P-27 are abnormally large compared with its neighboring nuclei and that of F-17 has an enhancement compared with neighboring isotopes. The calculation of relativistic density-dependent Hartree (RDDH) approach shows there is proton-halo structure in Al-23 and P-27 and there is a proton-skin in F-17. The significance of these measurements was discussed.

Measurements of reaction cross-sections ( σR's) for some proton-rich nuclei ( N = 11–15 isotones) on carbon target at intermediate energies have been performed on RIBLL of HIRFL. A larger enhancement of the σR for 27P has been observed than for its neighboring nuclei. A large difference between the proton and neutron density distributions (proton halo) is necessary to explain the enhanced cross-section for 27P within the framework of the Glauber model. Density distributions with HO-type core plus Yukawa-square tail and rms radii for 27P have been deduced from the measured σR data for the first time, which conform the long tail in its densities as predicted by RMF calculations.

Temperature dependence of the proton fraction in beta -stable hot neutron stars matter is investigated within the framework of the Skyrme-Hartree-Fock theory using the extended Skyrme effective interaction. It is found that the proton fraction decreases with increasing temperature. This phenomenon is determined mainly by the temperature dependence of the nuclear matter symmetry energy within the present theoretical framework.

Caged fullerene C20 solids were successfully synthesized by means of ion beam irradiation method. The characterization of structures and features of C20 crystal have been performed using various complementary analysis techniques, such as high-resolution transmission electron microscope, electron diffraction, laser desorption post-ionization, and Raman spectroscopy. These results indicate that in condensed phases C20 molecules can act as dodecahedron carbon cages; in particular the capability of acting as a building blocks of hexagonal crystal.

The squeeze-out flow in reactions of $^{124}$Sn + $^{124}$Sn and $^{124}$Ba + $^{124}$Ba at different incident energies for different impact parameters is investigated by means of an isospin-dependent quantum molecular dynamics model. For the first time, it is found that the more neutron-rich system ($% ^{124}$Sn + $^{124}$Sn) exhibits weaker squeeze-out flow. This isospin dependence of the squeeze-out flow is shown to mainly result from the isospin dependence of nucleon-nucleon cross section and the symmetry energy., Comment: 4 pages in REVTex, 3 figures, 1 table

Within the framework of an isospin-dependent quantum molecular dynamics model, the radial flows from the central collisions of Ba-124 + Ba-124 and Sn-124 + Sn-124 are studied at different incident energies. It is found that the more neutron-rich system exhibits smaller radial flow and it is shown that the radial flow is sensitive to the nucleon-nucleon cross sections and independent of the nuclear symmetry energy. It suggests that the experimental measurement of the radial flow for reaction systems with different ratios of neutron to proton provide a novel recipe for determining the isospin dependent in-medium nucleon-nucleon cross sections. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

We quantize the Proca–Chern–Simonssystem via the path-integral approach and diagonalizethe Hamiltonian by canonical transformations. We findthat the mass spectrum of the system is equivalent to asystem of two free scalar fields; the statisticalpartition function, which does not exhibit any exoticproperties, is also evaluated from the diagonalizedHamiltonian.

With the help of path-integral quantization and Fradkin's approach, we obtain a new representation in the Schrodinger picture of the multiplier scalar-vector fields and the ground-state functional. We show that the model is equivalent to free scalar fields with the same mass.

We have studied the ground state properties of even - even nuclei with proton number Z = 106 - 114 and neutron number N = 160 - 170 in the framework of the nonlinear relativistic mean-field theory. Calculations show that there are prolate deformations in these nuclei and this supports a deformed shape for nuclei near N = 162 predicted by macroscopic models. The calculated binding energies and -decay energies agree very well with those from mass models.

A relativistic density-dependent Hartree approach in the chiral-symmetry-breaking field model has been developed for nuclear matter. The coupling constants of the relativistic Hartree-Lagrangian are made density dependence and obtained from the relativistic Brueckner-Bethe-Goldstone results of nuclear matter. The calculated saturation nuclear density, binding-energy and compressibility for nuclear matter are close to the empirical ones.

Study of the ground-state properties of and has been performed in the framework of the nonlinear relativistic mean-field (RMF) theory using force parameters NL-SH and NL1. It is shown that the RMF theory provide a good description of the binding energies. One-neutron halos in , and and a three-neutron halo in are predicted.

A theoretical analysis of collective rotation is performed in heavy ion collisions below 100 MeV/nucleon in the quantum molecular dynamics approach. Both methods are contributed to this analysis, one is based on the shapes of azimuthal distribution, and the other is based on the numerical semiclassical calculation of rotation. The collective rotation becomes weaker with the increasing of beam energy, and tends to fade out at a certain beam energy. The impact parameter dependence of collective motion is also discussed. In connection with recent experiments, theoretical results and experimental data are compared by taking into account the fluctuation of experimental reaction plane determination.

A more general relativistic Vlasov equation has been derived in the framework of relativistic quantum hadron dynamical theory. In the small amplitude limit we use this Vlasov equation to study the isovector giant dipole resonances built on groundstate in spherical nuclei16O,40Ca,90Zn and208Pb. The results show that the spin-orbit coupling and the non-linear terms of scalar meson can influence the resonance energies to a certain extent comparing with those obtained from the non-relativistic Vlasov equation approach and are in good agreement with the experimental ones, especially for the case which vacuum fluctuation is included.