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This study develops an atomistic simulation-based methodology for studying the dispersed droplet phase in immiscible alloy. The methodology is applied to the immiscible Al–Pb alloy liquid droplet system to study the temperature and curvature effects on the droplet radial distributions of thermodynamic properties, the mutual miscibilities within the spherical droplets, and the pressure differences across the curved liquid–liquid interfaces. The pressure tensor components profiles along radial direction are computed by the Irving–Kirkwood method coupling the spherical coordination and providing the inner droplet pressure data with sufficient statistical precision to validate the generalized Laplace equation in a liquid immiscible alloy system (both Al-rich convex droplet interface and Pb-rich concave droplet interface). Noticeable changes in mutual miscibilities in the droplet phases are seen, which correspond to the shifts of the solvus lines toward lower solubilities as temperature increases or the droplet size decreases. Compared with spherical droplets under the same temperature, cylindrical droplets with the same radii own the same Laplace pressure dependence of the mutual miscibilities but a weaker capability to tune the nano-alloy droplet phase diagram. Current findings contradict the miscibility changes in the two-complexion equilibria within the monoatomic layer at the Al(111)–Pb(liquid) interface [Acta Mater 2018;143:329]. The combined simulation-characterization methodology proposed in this study applies to broader types of immiscible alloy. The calculated data could provide guides to design well-dispersed droplet phases in the immiscible alloys and their manufacturing processes, facilitate the development of the thermodynamic theory/modeling of the nano-sized alloy phase diagram.

The most reliable and convenient measurement method of tibial posterior slope(TPS) and its biomechanical relationship with posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) are still controversial. For X-ray measurement, it is recommended to use full-length lateral X-ray of the lower extremity in quatrous section, which has advantage of highly repeatable and common in the daily diagnosis and treatment process, but it is only applicable to patients with tibial rotation within 15°. When the rotation exceeds 30°, it is difficult to identify the inner contour of platform and is no applicable. If it is only used for daily diagnosis and treatment evaluation, when tibial rotation angle is less than 15°, lateral knee X-ray also has a certain reference significance, but the accuracy could not meet requirements of higher clinical research. For CT measurement method, it could correct tibial rotation, but using the fitting point to measure tibial posterior slope on three-dimensional CT reconstruction is only applicable to knee joint without degeneration, more osteophyte affects the way of using fitting point to determine the plane of tibia with real tibia platform conformity degree, have some limitations. For measurement of MRI, it could not only correct tibial rotation, but also minimize the effect of osteophytes by using tibial anatomical axis as the reference axis, which is a good measurement method. For the biomechanical relationship between tibial posterior slope and tibial posterior slope, increased tibial posterior slope indirectly alleviates tension of PCL through tibial anterior displacement or directly reduces load on posterior cruciate ligament in tibial osteotomies, suggesting a protective mechanism for tibial posterior slope;in total knee arthroplasty with cruciate ligament preserved, the size of tibial posterior slope will affect roll back mechanism of femur. When affected knee with PCL injury, it should be avoid to release then aggravate injury, and the stress could be alleviated by increasing tibial posterior slope appropriately. There has been no unified conclusion on the range of tibial posterior slope that is most beneficial to PCL. The natural tibial posterior slope is between 7 ° and 10°, which is considered to be the most beneficial to protection of PCL, but further studies are needed according to the differences in patients' bone status, surgical methods and so on.

Impatiens wutaishanensis R.L. Liao & Lei Cai, a new species from Southeast Yunnan, China, is here described and illustrated. This new species is most similar to Impatiens parvisepala S.X. Yu & Y.T. Hou in its racemose inflorescences, its four lateral sepals, the leaf arrangement, and in having yellow flowers. However, it differs in the height of the plants, the length of the petiole, the size and shape of the leaf blade, the shape of the spur, and the number of flowers in each inflorescence. A detailed description, color photographs, and a provisional IUCN red list assessment are provided, and its geographical distribution, ecology, and morphological relationship with relevant similar species are discussed.

BackgroundContralateral axillary lymph node metastasis (CAM) is classified as distant metastasis in guidelines, but the prognosis is better than that of stage IV patients. It is controversial to classify CAM as a distant metastasis or a regional metastasis, and the optimal treatment strategy for CAM is unknown.Patients and MethodsBreast cancer patients who were confirmed by pathology and treated at Shandong Cancer Hospital between January 2012 and July 2021 were included in our study. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of the patients for their clinical features, pathological diagnosis, treatment strategy, and follow-up data. Survival analysis was calculated by Kaplan–Meier analysis, and patient matching was performed by case–control matching.ResultsA total of 60 patients were included, and there were 49 metachronous CAM cases and 11 synchronous CAM cases. The prognosis of isolated CAM patients was better than that of patients with other distant metastases in terms of CAM-OS and PFS with significant differences (median CAM-OS 71.0 vs. 30.0 months, P=0.022; median PFS 42.0 vs. 11.0 months, P=0.009) and OS without significant differences (median OS 126.0 vs. 79.0 months, P=0.111). The five-year survival rate of isolated CAM patients was 67.4%, and the five-year disease-free survival (DFS) rate was 52.9%. The prognosis of CAM patients was similar to that of N3M0 patients in terms of OS (mean OS 82.4 vs. 65.6 months, P=0.537) and DFS (mean PFS 54.5 vs. 52.6 months, P=0.888). Axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) or low-middle level ALND significantly improved the OS (mean OS 237.4 vs. 111.0 months, P=0.011), CAM-OS (mean CAM-OS 105.2 vs. 46.6 months, P = 0.002), and PFS (mean PFS 92.3 vs. 26.9 months, P = 0.001) of isolated CAM patients. Axillary radiotherapy improved PFS, CAM-OS, and OS but without significant differences (mean PFS 80.0 vs. 46.6 months, P = 0.345; mean CAM-OS 86.8 vs. 72.1 months, P = 0.338; mean OS 147.6 vs. 133.0 months, P = 0.426).ConclusionCAM should be diagnosed as local recurrence and treated with aggressive and curative rather than palliative strategies. Contralateral axillary surgery and radiotherapy are recommended for isolated CAM patients.

A new fern species, Leptochilus gracilis, is described and illustrated from southeastern Yunnan, China. Leptochilus gracilis is most similar to L. ellipticus. Compared with L. ellipticus, L. gracilis has a smaller habit with fronds less than 20 cm long, laminae with only one or two pairs of lobes, and midrib of lobes at angles of 45–60 degree with rachis. In contrast, L. ellipticus has a larger habit with fronds more than 30 cm long, laminae with (3–)4–9 pairs of lobes, and midrib of lobes at angles ca. 80–90 degree with rachis. A phylogenetic analysis based on four plastid markers confirmed the recognition of the new species and resulted in an isolated subclade of L. ellipticus clade.

The metal-organic rotaxane framework (MORF) structures with the advantage of mechanically interlocking molecules (MIMs) have attracted intense interest from the chemical community. In this study, a set of MORFs (i.e., MORF-Pb-1 and MORF-Pb-2) are constructed using Pb2+, a tetraimidazolium macrocycle (Texas-sized molecular box; 14+), and aromatic dicarboxylate (p-phthalate dianions (PTADAs; 2) or 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylate dianions (3)) via a one-pot three-layer diffusion protocol. In particular, an unusual Pb…Pb weak interaction was shown in MORF-Pb-1 (charactered with distance of 3.656 Å).

BackgroundBreast reconstruction is widely used for women undergoing mastectomy. Prosthetic implants have become a common technique performed for these women because of their safety, flexibility and adjustable size. There are few reports of implant-associated squamous cell carcinoma. In addition to this report, only 8 reports including 11 cases have been reported in the English literature.Case presentationWe report the case of a patient with breast prosthetic implant-associated squamous cell carcinoma who received mastectomy and prosthetic implants 10 years ago. She was recently hospitalized with unilateral breast enlargement. Surgical pathology showed squamous cell carcinoma around the breast implant. There was no evidence of primary squamous cell carcinoma at any other anatomic site. We analysed all 11 patients with breast implant-derived squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) from a thorough literature search to identify studies. The median age of patients at SCC diagnosis was 56.8 years old. The average time from initial breast augmentation until SCC diagnosis was 21.9 years. The prognosis was poor; 4 of the 11 patients eventually progressed or died within 1 year, 3 of the 11 patients were disease free during the follow-up period, and 4 of the 11 patients were lost to follow-up. The most widespread opinion is that chronic inflammation from breast implants plays a substantial role in the disease progression of SCC.ConclusionsWe reported the rare complications associated with breast prosthetic implants and reviewed the literature. This malignancy should be taken into account in patients with breast prosthetic implants who have acute breast pain and enlargement.

Eleven previously uncharacterized steroids, along with three analogs were isolated from Aglaia lawii leaves. Their structures were definitely characterized by the methods of NMR, MS, IR, ECD and X-ray crystallography study. Among these unreported compounds, 3-epi-dyscusin C, 3-epi-lansisterone E and (Z)-2α-hydroxyaglawone were C-21 pregnane steroids incorporating a highly oxygenated ring A, while others were Δ5-3β-hydroxy-7-ketosteroids bearing different ring D and C-17 aliphatic chains. All isolates were evaluated for nitric oxide (NO) inhibitory activities. 3-Epi-dyscusin C, 3-epi-lansisterone E, (Z)-2α-hydroxyaglawone and 17(20)E-dyscusin B showed significant anti-inflammatory activities with IC50 values of NO inhibition less than 10 μM (in the range from 4.47 ± 0.36 to 7.67 ± 0.46 μM).

DNA small molecular probe study was considered as a promising approach to achieve DNA related disease diagnosis. Most related reports were performed under specific salinity. Herein, 4-imino-3-(pyridin-2-yl)-4

A new species of Deinostigma (Gesneriaceae) from Yunnan, China, Deinostigma fasciculatum W.H.Chen & Y.M.Shui, sp. nov., has been discovered and described. In the genus, the new species is similar to D. cicatricosum (W.T. Wang) D.J. Middleton & Mich. Möller and D. cyrtocarpum (D. Fang & L. Zeng) Mich. Möller & H.J. Atkins in dark purple flowers and falcate fruit, but differs from them mainly in the inflorescences with fasciculate flowers, calyx lobes (reflexed, narrowly lanceolate and 1.2–1.3 cm long), corolla tubes (sharply contracted below middle and white outside and below throat). The above three species grow nearby non-limestone wet cliffs and geographically isolated with different distributions (the new species in Southeast Yunnan, D. cicatricosum in Eastern Guangxi and D. cyrtocarpum in Southern Guangxi and Guangdong, China).

Four new limonoids, named as trichiconlide G (1), 2-hydroxyltrijugin F (2), 23-oxo-21-hydroxyltrijugin F (3), 21-oxo-23-hydroxyltrijugin F (4), along with sixteen known analogues (5–20) were isolated from the leaves and twigs of Trichilia connaroides. Their structures and absolute configurations were determined by spectroscopic analyses, X-ray diffraction analysis, and TD-DFT-ECD calculations. Trichiconlide G (1) is one rare naturally occurring 1,2-seco phragmalin-type limonoid bearing a C-7/28 δ-lactone ring. Additionally, 2-hydroxyltrijugin F (2), 23-oxo-21-hydroxyltrijugin F (3), and 21-oxo-23-hydroxyltrijugin F (4) are three naturally occurring limonoids with a rare C-16/8 δ-lactone ring. All isolates were evaluated for their cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory activities. None of compounds exhibited cytotoxicity against five human cancer cell lines A-549, HepG2, 5-8F, Siha, and SCC-4 at the concentration of 40 μM. Compounds 16 and 17 showed moderate anti-inflammatory activity with IC50 values of 28.45 ± 2.51 and 22.66 ± 2.01 μM, respectively.

The metal-organic rotaxane framework (MORF) structures with the advantage of mechanically interlocking molecules (MIMs) have attracted intense interest from the chemical community. In this study, a set of MORFs (i.e., MORF-Pb-1 and MORF-Pb-2) are constructed using Pb2+, a tetraimidazolium macrocycle (Texas-sized molecular box, 14+), and aromatic dicarboxylate (p-phthalate dianions (PTADAs, 2) or 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylate dianions (3)) via a one-pot three-layer diffusion protocol. In particular, an unusual Pb…Pb weak interaction was shown in MORF-Pb-1 (charactered with distance of 3.656 Å).

Fordiophytonjinpingense(Melastomataceae; Sonerileae), a species occurring in south-eastern Yunnan, China, is described as new, based on morphological and molecular data. Phylogenetic analyses, based on nrITS sequence data, showed that, exceptF.breviscapum, all species sampled inFordiophytonformed a strongly supported clade in which two geographical lineages were recovered. The generic placement ofF.jinpingenseis well supported by phylogenetic analyses and a character combination of 4-merous flowers, distinctly dimorphic stamens and the connectives basally not calcarate. Molecular divergence and morphological evidence indicate thatF.jinpingenseis well separated from other members of the genus, thus justifying its recognition as a distinct species.Fordiophytonjinpingenseis phylogenetically closest toF.repens, but differs markedly from the latter in stem morphology (short, obtusely 4-sided vs. long, 4-angular), habit (erect vs. creeping), leaf size (6–16.5 × 4.5–13 cm vs. 4–7.5 × 4–6.5 cm) and flower number per inflorescence (5–13 vs. 3–6).

To assess the heterogeneity of HBV reverse transcriptase (RT) quasispecies during 10 years of antiviral therapy and their association with antiviral efficacy. Nineteen patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection receiving nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) were enrolled. Based on the antiviral efficacy after 1 year of treatment, 5 patients were grouped into an early virologic response (EVR) group, while 8 patients were grouped into a late virologic response (LVR) group. Furthermore, 6 CHB patients that had undergone antiviral treatment for 10 years were grouped into a virologic breakthrough (VBT) group. The HBV RT from each patient were amplified, cloned, and sequenced. The complexity of the RT gene in the EVR group was significantly higher than that in the LVR (P = 0.0393) and VBT groups (P = 0.0141). Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the average branch length of the EVR and LVR groups were significantly greater than that of VBT group (P

Optimal vision and ergonomics are essential factors contributing to the achievement of good results during microsurgery. The three-dimensional (3D) digital image microscope system with a better 3D depth of field can release strain on the surgeon's neck and back, which can improve outcomes in microsurgery. We report a randomized prospective study of vasoepididymostomy and vasovasostomy using a 3D digital image microscope system (3D-DIM) in rats. A total of 16 adult male rats were randomly divided into two groups of 8 each: the standard operating microscope (SOM) group and the 3D-DIM group. The outcomes measured included the operative time, real-time postoperative mechanical patency, and anastomosis leakage. Furthermore, a user-friendly microscope score was designed to evaluate the ergonomic design and equipment characteristics of the microscope. There were no differences in operative time between the two groups. The real-time postoperative mechanical patency rates were 100.0% for both groups. The percentage of vasoepididymostomy anastomosis leakage was 16.7% in the SOM group and 25.0% in the 3D-DIM group; however, no vasovasostomy anastomosis leakage was found in either group. In terms of the ergonomic design, the 3D-DIM group obtained better scores based on the surgeon's feelings; in terms of the equipment characteristics, the 3D-DIM group had lower scores for clarity and higher scores for flexibility and adaptivity. Based on our randomized prospective study in a rat model, we believe that the 3D-DIM can improve surgeon comfort without compromising outcomes in male infertility reconstructive microsurgery, so the 3D-DIM might be widely used in the future.

There are many different cloud services available, each with different offerings and standards of quality. Choosing a credible and reliable service has become a key issue. To address the shortcomings of existing evaluation methods, we propose a service clustering method based on weighted cloud model attributes. We calculate user-rating similarity with the weighted Pearson correlation coefficient method based on service clustering, and then compute user similarity combined with the user service selection index weight. This method allows us to determine the nearest neighbors. Finally, we obtain the recommended trust of the service for the target user through the recommendation trust algorithm. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can more accurately calculate service recommended trust. This method meets the demand of users in terms of service trust, and it improves the success rate of user service selection.

Fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) are promising zero-dimensional carbon nanomaterials with semiconductor-like properties, which have attracted tremendous attention owing to their fascinating features such as excellent optical performance, chemical inertness, and low toxicology. In this investigation, Mg-doped CDs (Mg-CDs) with up- and down-conversion fluorescence (FL) were prepared within 2 min through a one-pot, facile and ultrafast microwave method. The obtained Mg-CDs showed excitation-independent blue emission and were potentially applied for the detection of hematin based on the strong inner filter effect (IFE). The FL intensity ratio (I0/I) of the synthesized Mg-CDs were proportional to the concentration of hematin in the range of 0.1–75 μM with the limit of detection of 25 nM for Mg-CDs-0.1 and 0.01–25 μM with the limit of detection of 1 nM for Mg-CDs-0.5. Overall, this selective and sensitive assay using Mg-CDs obtained through the current microwave method was believed to demonstrate significant application prospects in complex matrices owing to its simplicity and specificity for hematin.

Rationale: The parotid gland is an unusual site for metastatic disease from breast cancer, and it usually has a poor prognosis. Patient concerns: A 36-year-old woman presented to our department with a swelling in her left parotid gland. The patient did not receive any other treatment after breast conserving surgery. Diagnoses: Multifocal metastases in the bones, lymph nodes, left parotid and contralateral mammary gland were proved by PET/CT. Interventions: Eight cycles of first-line rescue chemotherapy, combining with zoledronic acid in treatment of bone metastasis, followed by the combination of endocrine therapy and ovarian function suppression after chemotherapy. Outcomes: The patient obtained clinical complete response in the metastasis tumor of parotid gland, lymph nodes, and bones. Lessons: It is necessary for patient to receive comprehensive treatment after receiving surgery. Through this case, we present the appropriate management of advanced breast cancer accompanying with the parotid gland metastasis. PET/CT is a useful method to diagnose and evaluate the metastasis lesions.

The noise component in power quality signals affects the accuracy of analysis result. This paper presents a new approach for power quality signals de-noising. Firstly, the original signals are transformed by S-transform method. Then, the matrix which is get from S-transform result is processed as a two-dimension image. The global thresholding de-noising method is used to filtering the noise component in the power quality signals. The simulation results showed the effectiveness of the new approach.

In order to satisfy the requirement of service presenters’ credibility for recommendation system, this paper puts forward a method based on the analysis of the presenters’ reputation record to find the credible presenters. First, we calculate the preference similarity between different users with their preference vectors and get the presenter initial set. Then we calculate the domain correlation, recommendation response rate and recommendation satisfaction rate to filter the presenter initial set and get presenter candidate set. According to the recommendation history we calculate the presenters’ current reputation with introducing the penalty factor. Finally, we filter the presenters’ reputation record with localized changes and tendentious changes and calculate the skewness coefficient and kurtosis coefficient of the reputation records. Then we get the presenters’ excellent reputation values combined with the expectation and variance to choose the credible presenters who have higher reputation values. The experimental results show that it can improve the accuracy of presenter reputation calculation and the effectiveness of service recommendation.

Plasticizer wastewater of high concentration was experimentally studied by the process of pretreatment of acidification demulsion and Fe-C micro-electrolysis and combined process of UASB and A/O aiming at the CODCrremoval in this work. The result showed that the CODCrremoval rate of pretreatment process arrived at 56.2% after Fe-C micro-electrolysis reaction of 160 min on the optimal condition of pH 3.5 of acidification demulsion and 1:1.2 of the Fe/C ratio, and meanwhile improved the biodegradability of wastewater. On the other hand, UASB-A/O process could afford 80~85% of the CODCrremoval rate under the optimized condition of temperature 30~35 °C, HRT 48h, pH 6.5 for UASB and HRT of aerobic zone 10~12 h, DO of about 3mg/L for A/O basin. The whole system could run at the total CODCrremoval rate of 94.53~96.36%, and the system effluent CODCrwas 500 mg/L or less.

The dissertation deals with some key issues relevant to the controller design and digital design method for a newly patented high-speed parallel manipulator. Meanwhile, a Virtual Prototyping based co-simulation platform is also established according to the ADAMS and Matlab/Simulink software. In order to promote the ability that the manipulator traces the prescribed trajectory, a model based computed torque controller is described in detail, and a neural network algorithm is also used to optimize controller parameters real-timely under the consideration of systematic nonlinear, modeling error and outer disturbance. The neural network based computed torque controller increases the robustness of system dramatically.

With conventional droop control, parallel operation of distributed generations (DG) in microgrid would lead to unbalanced power sharing. In this paper, inherent limitation of conventional droop control is analyzed. Analysis results show that different converter output impedance and line impedance make the power sharing unbalanced. In order to weaken or eliminate impedance difference from point of common coupling (PCC) to DGs, virtual impedance is introduced. By the introduction of designed virtual impedance, a novel droop control strategy with impedance compensation is proposed in this paper. Simulation results are presented from a two converters parallel-connected microgrid, showing the effectiveness of the droop control with impedance compensation. Simulation results show that DGs with proposed approach can allocate the power equally, and work stably in grid-connected mode, island mode and progress of reconnection to grid.

A new species of Gesneriaceae, Oreocharis jinpingensis W.H. Chen & Y.M. Shui from the Xilong Mountains of Jinping County in southeastern Yunnan, China, bordering North Vietnam, is described and illustrated. Its morphological distinctiveness from the most similar species O. auricula is discussed. Pollen and seed morphological characters are also reported for O. jinpingensis.

FeCoNi-expanded graphite (EG) microwave absorption composites were prepared by electroless plating process. Nickel、nickel-cobalt alloy and nickel-cobalt-iron alloy were plated to the expanded graphite, and the elemental composition, structure, magnetic and microwave absorption of these composites were investigated with the use of scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive spectra, hysteresis loop and electromagnetic parameter analysis. The microwave absorption properties were measured in the frequency range of 2.0-18 GHz. The results show that EG is plated symmetrical magnetic metal or their alloy, it is about 70~150nm thick. The coatings deposited from an electroless bath have the transformation of amorphous phase to crystalline phase after heat treatment 1h at 400°C.The magnetism capability of these composites is enhanced compared with pure EG. The optimum matching is 3mm thick and the maximum reflection coefficient shifts to lower frequency with the increase of thickness. The absorption property of FeCoNi-EG composite after heat treatment 1h at 400°C is the best, and when it is 3mm thick, the maximum theoretical reflection loss is about -28.8dB (the matching frequency is 13.5GHz), and the absorption bandwidth below -10dB is 8GHz. The other adsorption bandwidth below -10dB for plating Ni, Ni-Co, Ni-Fe on the surface of EG were 4.2GHz, 5.2GHz and 6.5GHz, respectively.

The spinel-type Li4Ti5O12 cathode materials were synthesized by a self-combustion method. The effects of synthesis temperature on the structural and electrochemical properties of the Li4Ti5O12 were investigated. The prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), SEM, TEM and electrochemical analysis. The results revealed that pure phase and well-crystallized Li4Ti5O12 with nano-sized could be synthesized at a calcination temperature of 750°C. The sample prepared under the condition had the highest initial discharge capacity of 164 mAh/g and shown good capacity rentention during 50 cycles between 1.0-2.5V at 0.1C.

The layered LiNi1/2Mn1/2O2 cathode materials were synthesized by a sol gel method. The effects of calcination temperature and time on the structural and electrochemical properties of the LiNi1/2Mn1/2O2 were investigated. The prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electrochemical analysis. The results revealed that the layered LiNi1/2Mn1/2O2 material could be optimal synthesized at temperature of 900°C for 10h. The sample prepared under the above conditions has the highest initial discharge capacity of 151 mAh/g and showed no dramatic capacity fading during 20 cycles between 2.5-4.5V at a current rate of 20mA/g.

The layered LiNi0.5Mn0.5O2 used as a cathode material for lithium-ion batteries was synthesized from precursor Ni0.5Mn0.5CO3 prepared via a carbonate co-precipitation method. The precursor Ni0.5Mn0.5CO3 was synthesized by the addition of KHCO3 to an aqueous solution of Ni, Mn sulphates. The powder LiNi0.5Mn0.5O2 was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Spherical LiNi0.5Mn0.5O2 with well development layered structure was obtained by the carbonate co-precipitation method. The LiNi0.5Mn0.5O2 samples adopted the α-NaFeO2 structure with a space group R-3m. Galvanostatic charge-discharge behavior of the LiNi0.5Mn0.5O2 cathodes delivered a initial charge and discharge capacity of 144.4 mAh/g and 140.2 mAh/g, respectively in the voltage range 2.5-4.5V at a discharge rate of 0.02A/g. The capacity showed no dramatic capacity fading during 50 cycles.

By characterizing the fission yeast Dma1's function during meiosis, we revealed that Dma1 is required for spore formation, while it is dispensable for fidelity of nuclear divisions. We also found that Dma1 is functionally related to SIN pathway and meiosis-specific kinase Slk1 during sporulation., In fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, a diploid mother cell differentiates into an ascus containing four haploid ascospores following meiotic nuclear divisions, through a process called sporulation. Several meiosis-specific proteins of fission yeast have been identified to play essential roles in meiotic progression and sporulation. We report here an unexpected function of mitotic spindle checkpoint protein Dma1 in proper spore formation. Consistent with its function in sporulation, expression of dma1+ is up-regulated during meiosis I and II. We showed that Dma1 localizes to the SPB during meiosis and the maintenance of this localization at meiosis II depends on septation initiation network (SIN) scaffold proteins Sid4 and Cdc11. Cells lacking Dma1 display defects associated with sporulation but not nuclear division, leading frequently to formation of asci with fewer spores. Our genetic analyses support the notion that Dma1 functions in parallel with the meiosis-specific Sid2-related protein kinase Slk1/Mug27 and the SIN signaling during sporulation, possibly through regulating proper forespore membrane assembly. Our studies therefore revealed a novel function of Dma1 in regulating sporulation in fission yeast.