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Karst caves are widely distributed in southwest China, causing difficulties and disasters for tunnel construction. To better detect the krast caves in front of the tunnels under construction using the transient electromagnetic method, in this paper we propose a 3-D finite element method to simulate the multi-parameter transient electromagnetic response of unfavorable geological bodies in a whole-space. First, the models of vertical water-filled faults, water-filled caves and complex geological bodies in front of the tunnel face are established. The horizontal electric field component and the vertical magnetic field component at different time in the whole-space are researched. Secondly, the electromagnetic response features of the caves with different resistivity, buried depths and scales are studied. We found that the resistivity of the target body is 10 times larger than that of the surrounding rocks, and the anomaly amplitude increases obviously with the growing distance from the target body. The deeper the buried depth, the later the anomaly appears and the smaller the anomaly amplitude. The larger the target size, the longer the transient electromagnetic response delay and the larger the anomaly amplitude. We arranged a measuring line on the tunnel face. The full-time apparent resistivity section shows the position and characteristics of the low-resistivity anomalous body, indicating that the transient electromagnetic method (TEM) has obvious advantages in detecting the low-resistivity body in front of the tunnel face. Finally, the TEM is successfully applied to the advanced detection of a karst tunnel to get the electrical distribution of the surrounding rocks in front of the tunnel face. According to the geological conditions of the excavated tunnel, the validity of the TEM in the tunnel advanced prediction is verified.

To explore the clinical effect and adverse reactions of Strychnos nux-vomica in bortezomib-induced peripheral neuropathy (BIPN) of patients with multiple myeloma (MM).A total of 19 MM patients with BIPN were enrolled and Nux Vomica Capsule (NVC, 0.4 g, thrice daily) were orally administrated for 30 days. Comparative analysis on parameters between pre- and post-therapy, including peripheral neuropathy (PN) grade, neurotoxicity score, Chinese medicine (CM) syndrome score, total neuropathy score (TNS), coagulation function, and serum nerve growth factor (NGF) levels were conducted. The adverse events were monitored.In BIPN of MM patients who received NVC, PN grade was lowered, neurotoxicity score was obviously decreased (P⩽0.01), and both CM syndrome score and TNS were remarkably decreased (P0.01). After the therapy, activated partial thromboplastin time was prolonged (P0.01) and fibrinogen was declined (P0.05), showing improvement in the hypercoagulable state of patients. No significant difference of NGF recovery degrees was detected between pre- and post-therapy (P0.05). No evident adverse reactions were observed during the course of treatment.Strychnos nux-vomica L. has significantly effect with a good safety in treatment of BIPN in MM patients.

The present investigation was made to study the effect of Al on the microstructure and mechanical properties of hot-rolled medium-Mn TRIP steel (abbreviated as Al-TRIP). As a contrast, a Si-added medium-Mn TRIP steel (abbreviated as Si-TRIP) was also studied. Addition Al in medium-Mn steel can raise Ac3 temperature, which will restrain austenite transformation and expand the two-phase region, promoting Mn and C elements enriched in austenite. In-depth microstructure and mechanical properties analysis were carried out for the hot-rolled Al-TRIP and Si-TRIP steels in this study. The microstructure was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA). Volume fraction of retained austenite was measured by D/max2400 X-ray diffractometer (XRD). A dual-phase microstructure consisting of ultra-fine grained intercritical ferrite (IF) and lath-like retained austenite (RA) with high mechanical stability was obtained after annealing at 630°C for 2h for Al-TRIP steel. As prolonging the intercritical annealing time, the stability of RA decreased primarily due to the increase of grain size. The tensile test results indicated that the Al-TRIP steel possessed a better combination of tensile strength and elongation compared to Si-TRIP steel. Excellent mechanical properties with yield strength of 790MPa, tensile strength of 1050MPa, total elongation of 35% and UTS×TEL of 39GPa·% was obtained for the Al-TRIP steel.

The city of Xi’an, Shaanxi, China, was founded over 3000 years ago. However, the city faces urban geological hazards with 14 parallel ground fissures covering a wide area of the municipal area. The ground fissures are not only hazardous to surface buildings, structures and underground pipes but also pose a major safety risk to the 15 metro lines under construction or under planning. Such challenges are unprecedented in the history of metro construction around the world. Research indicates that the ground fissures in Xi’an produce three-dimensional motion, among which the vertical displacement has the strongest effects on metro engineering. The results of large-scale physical model tests suggest that damages such as cracks in tunnel lining, failures of waterproofing and deformation of metro rail can be caused by the activities of ground fissures. To mitigate such risks, this paper proposes a series of engineering countermeasures such as enlargement of tunnel sections to maintain clearance, use of segmented tunnels, enhancement of tunnel lining, and use of multiple waterproofing measures. These countermeasures have been proven to be effective and reliable, based on the successful operation of the Xi’an Metro for the past 3 years.

Continuous annealing processes were applied to a 980MPa cold-rolled dual phase steel (Fe-0.11C-2.5Mn-0.5Si-0.4Cr) and the effect of continuous annealing temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties was investigated. The microstructures were observed and analyzed by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron probe micro-analyzer (EPMA) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The mechanical properties were measured by uniaxial tensile tests. The results revealed that the steel is composed of a certain percentage of ferrite, martensite and perhaps a small amount of retained austenite as well. As the annealing temperature increased, the volume fraction of martensite reached to 67% from 48% and the morphology translated to lath-like from M/A island. As a consequence, the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and yield strength had a moderate increase from 1070 to 1110 MPa and 580 to 640 MPa, respectively. Meanwhile, the fracture elongation rose to the maximum 12.6% firstly and then decreased to about 9.0%. The optimizing mechanical properties with UTS up to 1090 MPa, yield ratio about 0.54 and fracture elongation about 13% could be obtained at the annealing temperature of 790°C for 120s.

An intercritical annealing process was applied to a medium manganese steel plate (Fe-0.01C-5.3Mn-1.53Si) after the thermo-mechanical controlled processing (TMCP) and ultrafast cooling (UFC). The microstructures were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), electron probe micro-analyzer (EPMA) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The retained austenite was measured by XRD and mechanical properties were measured by uniaxial tensile and impact tests. The influence of different annealing temperature was compared and the relationship between microstructures and mechanical properties was investigated. Results showed that the microstructures of the medium manganese steel plate were characterized by ultrafine grained lath-like ferrite and retained austenite and the excellent mechanical properties could be obtained at the annealing temperature of 640°C for 5 h. The volume fraction of the retained austenite reached up to 21%, which could significantly increase the elongation compared with the traditional steel plate. The mechanical property results revealed that the steel possessed adequate ultimate tensile strength of 865MPa and excellent impact energy of 121J (-20°C). The outstanding combination of strength and toughness indicates that the steel has a bright application prospect.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess quality of life (QoL) and obturator functioning in patients having undergone a maxillectomy as a tumor ablative resection and rehabilitation with a prosthetic obturator. Materials and Methods: The University of Washington Quality of Life scale version 4 (UW-QoLv4) and the Obturator Functioning Scale (OFS) were used to evaluate the self-reported QoL and obturator functioning. The effects of demographic and treatment variables on QoL were assessed using age, defect size, postoperative radiotherapy (RT), neck dissection, and dentition. Results: The study included 16 men and 13 women with a mean age of 48.8 years. Of the 29 patients, 16 had a Brown Class 2a or smaller defect and 13 had a Brown Class 2b or larger defect. The mean OFS score (P = .004) and the physical (P = .001) and social-emotional function scores (P = .001) of the patients who received postoperative RT were significantly lower than those who did not receive postoperative RT. The subscales for swallowing (P = .008), saliva (P = .001), pain (P = .001), and shoulder function (P = .002) correlated strongly with postoperative RT on the UW-QoL. The subscales for pronunciation (P = .007) and saliva (P = .002) correlated significantly with RT on the OFS. The mean OFS scores were significantly lower for the patients with a Brown Class 2a or smaller defect than for Brown Class 2b or larger (P = .005). Conclusion: Postoperative RT was the strongest variable affecting QoL in patients with maxillectomy and prosthetic obturator reconstruction. The size of the defect slightly influenced the obturator function; however, it did not influence the overall QoL.

Parkinson’s disease (PD), the second most common neurodegenerative disease, has serious clinical effects. Research on PD is increasing, but the quantity and quality of this research have not been reported. To analyze the most-cited articles on PD and provide information about developments in this field, we searched for articles in the Web of Science for the keyword “Parkinson*” in the title. We selected the 100 most-cited articles and evaluated information including citation number, publication time, journal, impact factor, authors, original country, institution of corresponding author, and study type. Citation numbers for the 100 most-cited articles ranged from 669 to 6902, with a median of 944. The 100 articles were published from 1967 to 2009, with most appearing between 1996 and 2000 (n = 24) and 2001 to 2005 (n = 27). The publications appeared in a total of 31 journals, led by Science with 15 and the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) with 13. The majority (84%) of the 100 most-cited articles had ≥ 3 authors. The articles originated from 14 countries, led by the USA (n = 44) and England (n = 17). Among the 100 most-cited articles, 24 were clinical studies, 54 were laboratory studies, 20 were reviews, and 2 were clinical guidelines. None of these articles originated from South America, Oceania, or Africa. The present study provides historical perspectives on the progress of PD research and highlights trends and academic achievements in this field.

Increasing epidemiological and toxicological evidence suggests that pesticides and other environmental exposures may be associated with the development of Parkinson's disease (PD). Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is a widely used organophosphorous pesticide with developmental neurotoxicity. Its neurotoxicity, notably on the monoamine system, suggests that exposure of CPF may induce dopaminergic neuronal injury. We investigated whether neonatal exposure to CPF contributes to initiation and progression of dopaminergic neurotoxicity and explored the possible underlying mechanisms. The newborn rats were administrated 5 mg/kg CPF subcutaneously from postnatal day (PND) 11 to PND 14 daily. The effect of CPF on dopaminergic neurons, microglia, astrocyte, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p. 65 and p. 38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways was analyzed in the substantia nigra of rats at 12h, 24h, 72 h, 16d and 46 d after exposure. CPF-treated rats exhibited significant reduction of dopaminergic neurons at 16d and 46 d after exposure, and a significant increase in the expression of microglia and astrocytes in the substantia nigra after CPF exposure. Intense activation of NF-κB p. 65 and p. 38 MAPK inflammatory signaling pathways was observed. Our findings indicate that neonatal exposure to CPF may induce long-term dopaminergic neuronal damage in the substantia nigra mediated by the activation of inflammatory response via NF-κB p. 65 and p. 38 MAPK pathways in the nigrostriatal system.

In this paper, a quenching and tempering process was applied to the cold-rolled medium Mn steel with the delta ferrite (Fe-0.18C-6.4Mn-2.8Al). Microstructure characterization was carried out by means of optical microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Mechanical properties tests were carried out by uniaxial tension tests. The microstructure characterization results revealed that the steel possessed a complex microstructure composed of three phases (austenite, martensite and delta ferrite). The volume fractions of austenite before and after a deformation were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The XRD results indicated that the amount of austenite reached up to 20 vol.% and the TRIP effect occurred quite apparently. The mechanical property results showed that the steel possessed adequate ultimate tensile strength of 800MPa and excellent elongation of 25%. The outstanding combination of strength and ductility with the product of strength and elongation (PSE) reaching up to over 20GPa% indicates that the steel has a bright application prospect.

Based on TMCP and UFC technology, the microstructures and impact toughness of low carbon bainitic steel were studied in this paper. The bainite morphology and fracture surfaces of Charpy impact specimens were observed by SEM, and mechanical properties of bainitic steel were measured by tensile and impact test. The results showed that the yield and tensile strengths of steel were 804MPa and 1015MPa, and elongation was 15.7% when the rolling was finished in the austenite recrystallization region. The steel rolled below Tnr temperature obtained tht yield strength of 930 MPa, tensile strength of 1090 MPa and elongation of 16.2%. However, the impact toughness was deteriorated in the steel rolled above Tnr temperature while the excellent impact toughness existed in the steel rolled below Tnr temperature. The impact toughness of steel rolled below Tnr temperature was 140J at-60°C, while the impact toughness of 15J at the same temperature was obtained for the steel rolled above Tnr temperature. The large cleavage fracture region on the fracture surface occured with the decrease of tested temperature in the steel rolled above Tnr temperature and inevitably reduced the impact toughness, while the main ductile fracture existed in the steel rolled below Tnr temperature at the same temperature. The rolling process of steel can strongly affect impact toughness of low carbon bainitic steel. Hence, the different rolling processes can adjust the occurrence of cleavage fracture and ductile fracture in order to improve the impact toughness.

Hot-rolling direct quenching and dynamical partitioning (HDQ&DP) processes were applied to a low-carbon steel containing silicon and manganese based on thermo-mechanical control process (TMCP) technology and ultra-fast cooling (UFC) technology. The microstructures and phase compositions were characterized and analyzed using SEM, EBSD, TEM and XRD. The mechanical properties and tensile deformation behaviors were investigated by means of uniaxial tensile test. The microstructures and tensile deformation behaviors of both HDQ&DP steel with and without proeutectoid ferrite were comprehensively expounded by comparing with each other. Results show that the amount of retained austenite in the HDQ&DP steel with proeutectoid ferrite can reach up to 17.3%, which is higher than that in the HDQ&DP steel without proeutectoid ferrite (15.7%). The HDQ&DP steel without proeutectoid ferrite possesses extremely high ultimate tensile strength (UTS) up to 1700 MPa with yield ratio about 0.73 and elongation about 11.5%. The introduction of proeutectoid ferrite can result in a moderate decrease of UTS to 1240-1400 MPa, a drastic decrease of yield ratio to 0.51-0.69 and a certain increase of elongation to 13.0-13.7%. The existence of the proeutectoid ferrite can partly enhance the work hardening ability of the steel and may improve its formability. It is concluded that the HDQ&DP steel with relatively large amount of proeutectoid ferrite and certain amount of bainite has extensive application prospects.

Hot-rolling direct quenching and partitioning (HDQ&P) processes were applied to both low carbon high silicon vanadium micro-alloyed steel and low carbon low silicon steel with phosphorus addition. Proeutectoid ferrite with an area fraction of about 30% was introduced into some of the sheets. Microstructures were characterized using SEM, TEM and XRD. Mechanical properties were investigated by means of uniaxial tensile test. Austenite stabilization, retained austenite stability, tensile deformation and fracture were comprehensively analyzed by making the comparison between the two steels and between the sheets with and without ferrite considering the different precipitation statuses in ferrite. Experimental results showed that the high silicon vanadium micro-alloyed steel contained more retained austenite with higher stability compared with the low silicon phosphorus added steel. Filled with much more carbides with larger sizes, the martensite in the low silicon phosphorus added steel exhibited a much salient tempered feature. The high silicon vanadium added steel possessed higher strength and ductility than the low silicon phosphorus added steel. The introduction of ferrite can result in an extremely obvious post-necking elongation drop in the low silicon phosphorus added steel. The dispersed V-bearing precipitates and high silicon content in ferrite can increase the yield strength and simultaneously diminish the hardness difference between ferrite and martensite, which can improve their compatible deformation capability and then enhance the work hardening ability and finally raise both the UTS and elongation of the steel.

The analytical solution for the ultimate bearing capacity of a circular shallow foundation is studied. The characteristics of existing assumptions, the calculation method, and the yield criterion of the calculation method for the ultimate bearing capacity of a shallow circular foundation are examined. With the assumption that the global shearing deformation surface of the foundation obeys the sliding surface of Prandtl-Reissner’s classic theory, the destruction soil under the foundation is an indeformable rigid-plastic body, and the failure surface obeys the Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion. Based on the static equilibrium condition of the rigid-plastic body and considering the frictional resistance part σ tan φ of the failure surface, the theoretical solution for the ultimate bearing capacity of a shallow circular foundation is derived and compared with those of Vesic’s semi-empirical equation and other existing analytic equations. Comparison results show that the bearing capacity coefficients Nc, and Nq can be increased if the frictional resistance part σ tan φ of the failure surface is considered, but the variation of bearing capacity coefficient with the internal friction angle of soil are different. Furthermore, the presented theoretical solution, which is a revised calculation method for the ultimate bearing capacity of a shallow circular foundation, is similar to those of Vesic’s semi-empirical equation and other analytic equations.

There are two kinds of bid evaluation methods in China, which are the lowest bid price method and the comprehensive evaluation method. They have their own advantages and disadvantages, and they can’t replace each other. Especially, the applicable scope of comprehensive evaluation method is wide. Quantifying the technical bid and commercial bid weighted, calculating for each bid comprehensive evaluating price or comprehensive evaluation points, and then selecting a high comprehensive quality unit. The paper aims at the particularity of comprehensive evaluation method. Then to study the content of the construction quality management system, the indicators and criteria, which guarantees the quality of the project.

Solitary bone cyst (SBC) is a benign osteolytic lesion, most frequently occurring in mandible, occasionally in maxilla and rarely in the zygoma. This is a report of a 58-year-old man with a SBC arising in the zygomatic bone, and this is the second patient with zygomatic bone involvement on record. The lesion presented with painless swelling for six months duration and it was slowly increasing in size. Computed tomography showed an elliptical shaped hypodense lesion with well-defined borders, including some scalloped margins and resorption of the cortex. The patient was treated with surgical excision and there was no sign of regional recurrence at 12 months of postoperative follow-up. In addition, the etiology, clinicopathologic features, management of SBC are discussed and the applicable English literatures are reviewed.

Objective To investigate the differences of endocrine and metabolic characteristics in PCOS women among different subtypes. Methods A total of 249 PCOS women were classified into 4 subtypes by Rotterdam criteria: hyperandrogenism (HA) and oligo-ovulation/anovulation (O) and PCO ultrasonography (P) (HA+O+P, group A, 111 women); HA+O (group B, 9 women); HA+P (group C, 22 women) and O+P (group D, 107 women). Another 110 infertile women with tubal defects constituted a control group. Endocrine and metabolic characteristics were compared among the 5 groups. PCOS women were then reclassified into 2 groups, according to whether they have hyperandrogenism or not. Endocrine and metabolic characteristics were then compared again. Results The levels of androstenedione (A), testosterone (T) and LH/FSH were the highest in group A and group C, secondly in group D, the lowest was in control group. A, T and LH/FSH were the highest in hyperandrogenism group, secondly in non-hyperandrogenism group, whereas the control was the lowest. Menstrual cycle and BMI correlated with glucose and lipid metabolism but showed no correlation with T and A. Hyperandrogenism group had higher fasting glucose (FG), glucose at 60 min (G60) and glucose levels under the curve (GLUAUC) and lower disposition index (DI) than non-hyperandrogenism group, however, menstrual cycle, BMI and the lipid indicators had no difference. Conclusions Hyperandrogenism is an important characteristic in PCOS women. Thus it might be used to classify PCOS into 2 subgroups. Hyperandrogenism and lipid disorders for the formation of PCOS often coexist but each has individual pathogenesis.

Objective To explore the relationships of variations in D-loop and COII-tRNA Lys intergenic region in mtDNA with PCOS. Methods A total of 77 PCOS and 45 non-PCOS patients were enrolled, whose D-loop and COII-tRNA Lys intergenic region in mtDNA were amplified and sequenced; sexual hormone assay, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and insulin releasing test were carried out. Then variations found in mtDNA were compared between the two groups, the correlations between variations and clinical indexes were analyzed in all subjects. Results Nucleotide variations found in mtDNA were not different between the two groups, but the mutation of 16 094T/C was found associated with the serum levels of T and fasting insulin; (303-317)C n TC n associated with the serum levels of A and LH; 195C/T with A level and 491T/C with LH level; (8 272-8 289)(ACCCCCTCT) n was associated with the serum level of 1 h glucose. Conclusion Noncoding region mutations in mtDNA perhaps associate with PCOS clinical symptoms and involve in PCOS development.

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is an immune-mediated chronic vasculitis of large- and medium-sized vessels usually occurring in White individuals aged over 50 years, in Western countries. The pathological hallmark of GCA is granulomatous inflammation of the involved vessels. Headache of new-onset is the most common clinical manifestation, and permanent vision loss is the most feared complication of GCA. The level of clinical suspicion for GCA should be based upon patient age, clinical symptoms, laboratory evaluation, and imaging findings. However, the diagnostic gold standard is achieved by histologic confirmation by temporal artery biopsy. Corticosteroids remain the only proven treatment for GCA and the prognosis for visual recovery is poor.

We have previously shown that electroacupuncture (EA) produced antinociception through the release of endogenous opioid peptides to activate opioid receptors during acute nociception. EA produced tolerance after its prolonged application. It has reported that 100 Hz EA could reduce mechanical hyperalgesia in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced inflammatory nociception rats. The present study aims to investigate the antinociceptive effect of EA and the development of EA tolerance in chronic inflammatory nociception rats with CFA injection into the hind paw plantar. The results showed that the antinociceptive effect of 100 Hz EA was significantly enhanced in CFA-induced inflammatory nociception rats. Naloxone at 20 mg/kg could significantly block this antinociceptive effect. Chronic tolerance to EA was developed faster in CFA-induced inflammatory nociception rats than in normal rats. Therefore, 100 Hz EA could enhance antinociceptive effects and accelerate tolerance development in CFA-induced inflammatory nociception rats. The enhancement of EA antinociceptive effect in CFA-induced inflammatory nociception rats might involve the endogenous opioid peptides such as dynorphin.

Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a common complication in patients with liver cirrhosis. During liver transplantation (LT), PVT may complicate the procedure and lead to a poor prognosis. The aim of this study is to evaluate patients enrolled in the China Liver Transplant Registry, to understand the influence of PVT to the LT recipients.We collected data from patients who underwent LT and were entered into the China Liver Transplant Registry. All data of medical records and follow-up were retrospectively reviewed. The preoperative condition, duration of surgery, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative early and late PVT, and survival rates were compared between patients with PVT and those without PVT. Multivariate Cox analysis and survival analysis were used to determine the influence of PVT.A total of 20,524 cases were recruited into the study. In all, 1810 (8.82%) patients were diagnosed with preoperative PVT of various severities. All patients were followed up for an average of 30.25±33.25months (up to a maximum of 171.68months). Patients with PVT had a significantly longer operating time, more intraoperative blood loss and a higher rate of post-LT PVT (P0.001). Multivariate Cox analysis showed that PVT did not reduce the recipients' survival rate (HR=0.89, 95% CI: 0.774-1.024, P=0.103). There was no significant difference in cumulative survival rate (P=0.059) between patients without PVT, and patients with PVT.PVT increases the difficulty of LT, but doesn't reduce the survival rate. Therefore, PVT is not an absolute contraindication for LT in experienced transplantation centers.

To confirm the relationship between hepatitis B recurrence and Hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence.Data from 340 patients undergoing liver transplantation for HBV-related liver disease were retrospectively evaluated. Clinically relevant variables were analyzed using univariate models. Significant variables were subjected to multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify the independent predictors for HBV recurrence. Fifteen samples removed from HCC recurrence patients were stained for HBsAg and HBcAg.The analyzed population included 283 male and 57 female patients. The mean age was 48.5±9.33 years and median follow-up was 47 months. Hepatitis B relapsed in 16 patients (4.7%). Univariate analysis indicated that HCC (P=0.022) and HCC recurrence (P=0.000) were associated to post transplantation HB. Multivariate analysis identified HCC recurrence as an independent risk factor for HB recurrence (hazard ratio: 23.262 (95% CI: 3.752, 144.216); P0.001). Three of 15 metastatic lesions were positive for HBsAg and 1 lesion was positive for HBcAg. Conclusion: HCC recurrence is an independent risk factor for post transplantation recurrence of hepatitis.

Objective To evaluate the effect of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation combined with Chinese erbal medicine in treating malignant hematopathy.

To explore the effects of low-dose chlorpyrifos (CPF) exposure on dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the midbrain substantia nigra and neural behavioral development in neonatal rats.Postnatal 11 day old Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into CPF, menstruum dimethysulfoxide (DMSO) and normal saline (NS) groups. The rats in the CPF group were injected with low-dose CPF (5 mg/kg?d) on postnatal days 11-14. The two control groups were injected with DMSO or NS respectively. The rats were sacrificed on postnatal days 15, 20, 30, and 60. Body weight gain, outward appearance of brain tissue, the coefficient of brain and the water content of brain tissue were measured. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression in DA neurons in the midbrain substantial nigra was examined by immunohistochemical straining. Immune electron microscopy was used to examine the subcellular structure of DA neurons. Open field test, grip strength test, slope test and Morris water maze test were used to examine the neurobehavioral changes.The outward appearance of brain tissue was normal in the three groups. There were no significant differences in the absolute value of body weight gain, the coefficient of brain and the water content of brain tissue among the three groups. CPF exposure decreased the level of TH immunoreactivity (P0.05) in the substantia nigra of CPF group since postnatal day 30 compared with the DMSO and NS groups. The subcellular structures of some DA neurons in the CPF group were impaired. Decreased motor activity and learning and memory impairments were observed in the CPF group compared with those in the DMSO and NS groups (P0.05) since postnatal day 30.CPF exposure during the neonatal period can cause long-term motor activity and learning and memory impairments in accompany with DA neurons damage in the midbrain substantia nigra.

To explore differences in bone marrow angiogenesis seen in aplastic anemia (AA) patients presenting with differential Chinese medicine (CM) syndrome, and to correlate these differences with clinical pathology.Thirty-five patients were enrolled, including 18 with "yang deficiency syndrome" and 17 with "yin deficiency syndrome." Bone marrow biopsies and serum were collected. Microvessel density (MVD) and positive expression of vascular endothelial-derived growth factor (VEGF) were detected by immunohistochemisty. Hypoxia inducible factor -1α (HIF-1α), and VEGF expression were assayed by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA), serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was tested by enzyme method and liquid chip technology was used to detected the expression of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, interferon (IFN)-γ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α.Counts for leukocytes, absolute neutrophils and platelets in "yin deficiency syndrome" were lower than those found in "yang deficiency syndrome" (P0.05). MVD and VEGF expression, and the positive rate of CD34 and VEGF in bone marrow were lower in AA, especially in "yin deficiency syndrome" (P0.01 or P0.05). "Yin deficiency syndrome" displayed decreased VEGF and LDH expression, and enhanced expression of HIF-1α as compared to "yang deficiency syndrome" (P0.05). Levels of IL-4 and IL-6 were higher in AA (P0.01), but IL-10 was decreased (P0.05). High TNF-α expression was seen in "yang deficiency syndrome" and IFN-γ expression was decreased in "yin deficiency syndrome" as compared with normals (P0.01 and P0.05, respectively).AA patients have lower MVD than normals, especially in "yin deficiency syndrome." MVD might differentially correlate to disease severity, and could be dependent on bone marrow or serum VEGF expression and LDH. Additionally, IL-2, IL-10, IL-4 and IFN-γ were negatively associated while IL-6 and TNF-α were positively associated with MVD.

To explore the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of KLK1 gene and cerebral hemorrhage in Changsha Han Chinese.Two hundred and seventy-three cerebral hemorrhage (CH) patients and 140 healthy controls were collected. The SNPs of rs5516 and rs5517 loci of KLK1 gene were analyzed by SNaPshot methods and direct sequencing.(1)Genotype and allele frequencies in rs5516 locus had no difference between the CH patients and controls (P0.05). However, the A allele frequency of the rs5517 locus in CH patients was higher than that in the control group (0.419, 0.321 respectively, P0.05). (2)In the control group,the levels of diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of the GA and AA genotype carriers of the rs5517 locus were significantly higher than those of the GG genotype (P0.05), while the levels of blood pressure were not significantly different among different genotypes of the rs5516 polymorphism in both CH patients and the control group(P0.05).Author's preliminary results suggested that the rs5517 polymorphism was associated with cerebral hemorrhage, while the rs5516 polymorphism was not in Changsha Han Chinese.

To explore the effect of Zengjing Capsule No. 1 (ZJC1) on morphology and motility of sperm in patients with oligospermia (OSM).Seventy-two OSM patients were assigned to 2 groups by a randomizing digital table, the treated group and the control group, they were treated respectively by ZJC1 and Wuzi Yanzong Pill (WYP). The changes of density, motility and morphology of sperm in patients before and after 3-month treatment were examined using computerized WLJY-9000 colour semen analysis system with refined Papanicolaou's stain.The density, motility and morphology of sperm were improved and sperm deformity rate was significantly decreased after treatment in both groups (P0.01), but the effects in the treated group were better than those in the control group (P0.01).ZJC1 can enhance the density and motility of sperm and reduce the sperm deformity rate in patients with OSM.

To determine the effects of hyperprolactinemia (hyperPRL) upon the symptoms of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).Age, body mass index, levels of hormone, lipid, beta-cell function and family medical history of 224 women with PCOS and 30 women with hyperPRL + PCOS were compared.Patients with hyperPRL + PCOS were younger to develop endocrine disturbances, an increased incidence of acne (64% vs 28% respectively), a high level of androstenedione (20 + or - 7 vs 13 + or - 5) nmol/L respectively and prolactine in serum (1492 + or - 1175 vs 367 + or - 164) mIU/L respectively; The PCOS patients were divided into the groups of hyperandrogenism PCOS and non-hyperandrogenism PCOS depending on the serum level of androgen. A higher level of T and A was found in serum in PRL-PCOS than non-hyperandrogenism patients and similar as hyperandrogenism PCOS patients. They had reduced ApoB (680 + or - 230 nmol/L vs 943 + or - 179 mmol/L respectively) and Lpa level (46 + or - 22 nmol/L vs 162 + or - 194 mmol/L respectively) and high HOMA-IR when compared with non-hyperandrogenism PCOS; Patients' sisters with hyperPRL + PCOS had a significantly greater incidence of acne, higher rates of infertility and PCOS when compared with PCOS patients. Levels of other hormones, metabolic profiles and other family histories did not differ between patients with PCOS and hyper-PRL+PCOS.Patients with hyperPRL + PCOS develop the endocrine disturbances at a younger age, a greater incidence rate of acne, level of prolactin and androstenedione, they have reduced ApoB and increased HOMA-IR. Patients' sisters with hyperPRL + PCOS have significantly greater incidence of acne, higher rates of infertility and PCOS as when compared with PCOS patients.

Objective To investigate the association between family history and clinical symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) that were thought to be inherited, by treating women with PCOS with contraceptive pills and metformin, and assessing outcomes. Methods Of 164 women with PCOS, 49 with menstrual abnormalities, hyperandrogenism, and abnormal glucose and/or insulin levels underwent a 3-month treatment with contraceptive pills and metformin. Family history was taken, and physical and ultrasound examinations were performed. Serum levels of glucose, insulin, lipoproteins, lipids, and reproductive hormones were measured before and after treatment. Results The serum levels of low-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, and triglycerides were higher in the patients with a family history of the studied symptoms than in those with no such family history. After treatment, changes in testosterone and glucose levels, glucose area under curve, and homeostasis model assessment value differed in the 2 groups. Conclusion The patients with a family history of PCOS symptoms thought to be inherited were more sensitive to oral contraceptive and metformin treatment.