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T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a NOTCH1-driven disease in need of novel therapies. Here, we identify a NOTCH1–SIRT1–KAT7 link as a therapeutic vulnerability in T-ALL, in which the histone deacetylase SIRT1 is overexpressed downstream of a NOTCH1-bound enhancer. SIRT1 loss impaired leukemia generation, whereas SIRT1 overexpression accelerated leukemia and conferred resistance to NOTCH1 inhibition in a deacetylase-dependent manner. Moreover, pharmacologic or genetic inhibition of SIRT1 resulted in significant antileukemic effects. Global acetyl proteomics upon SIRT1 loss uncovered hyperacetylation of KAT7 and BRD1, subunits of a histone acetyltransferase complex targeting H4K12. Metabolic and gene-expression profiling revealed metabolic changes together with a transcriptional signature resembling KAT7 deletion. Consistently, SIRT1 loss resulted in reduced H4K12ac, and overexpression of a nonacetylatable KAT7-mutant partly rescued SIRT1 loss-induced proliferation defects. Overall, our results uncover therapeutic targets in T-ALL and reveal a circular feedback mechanism balancing deacetylase/acetyltransferase activation with potentially broad relevance in cancer.Significance:We identify a T-ALL axis whereby NOTCH1 activates SIRT1 through an enhancer region, and SIRT1 deacetylates and activates KAT7. Targeting SIRT1 shows antileukemic effects, partly mediated by KAT7 inactivation. Our results reveal T-ALL therapeutic targets and uncover a rheostat mechanism between deacetylase/acetyltransferase activities with potentially broader cancer relevance.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1

GSEA analyses

C15H13BrO2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 5.6574(9) Å, b = 9.7821(16) Å, c = 24.251(4) Å, β = 93.265(4)°, V = 1339.9(4) Å3, Z = 4, R gt(F) = 0.0428, wR ref(F 2) = 0.0930, T = 273 K.

Cardiovascular diseases cause an estimated 17.9 million deaths globally each year (World Health Organization). Endothelial cells that line the vasculature and the endocardium are subjected to cyclic mechanical stretch. Deviation from physiological stretch can alter the endothelial function, having the risk of atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction. To understand the mechanical stretch effects, cell culture platforms that provide mechanical stretch have been developed. However, most of them have fixed strain and frequency, sometime not in the pathophysiological range. We thus developed a novel, electromagnetically driven, uniaxial stretching device, where cells were grown on a flexible polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membrane mounted onto a 3-D printed track. The strain of the membrane was readily controlled by tailoring the track design and the frequency was determined by electromagnetic actuation. Furthermore, the mechanical strain gradient was generated on a PDMS membrane with a tapered thickness. This strain gradient, ranging from 1.5% to 40%, covered both physiological and pathological vascular stretch ranges. When human vascular endothelial cells were subjected to the cyclic stretch, the cells exhibited strain-dependent cell and nuclear orientation and elongation perpendicular to the stretching direction, compared to the random cell and nuclear orientation under the static condition. However, the overstretching led to deviation from the aforementioned orientation and elongation, and impaired the tight junctions, leading to a leaky endothelium. This novel, versatile, cost-effective, pathophysiologically relevant stretching device provides a useful platform for advancement of vascular disease research and treatment.

In-situ ceramics particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites are favored in the aerospace industry due to excellent properties. However, the hard ceramic particles as the reinforcement phase bring challenges to machining. To study the effect of in-situ TiB2 particles on machinability and surface integrity of TiB2/2024 composite and TiB2/7075 composite, milling experiments were performed, and compared with conventional 2024 and 7075 aluminum alloys. In-situ TiB2 particles clustered at the grain boundaries and dispersed inside the matrix alloy grains hinder the dislocation movement of the matrix alloy. Therefore, the milling force and temperature of the composites are higher than those of the aluminum alloys due to the increase of the strength and the decrease of the plasticity. In the milling of composites, abrasive wear is the main wear form of carbide tools, due to the scratching of hard nano-TiB2 particles. The composites containing in-situ TiB2 particles have machining defects such as smearing, micro-scratches, micro-pits and tail on the machined surface. However, in-situ TiB2 particles impede the plastic deformation of the composites, which greatly reduces cutting edge marks on the machined surface. Therefore, under the same milling parameters, the surface roughness of TiB2/2024 composite and TiB2/7075 composite is much less than that of 2024 and 7075 aluminum alloy respectively. Under the milling conditions of this experiment, the machined subsurface has no metamorphic layer, and the microhardness of the machined surface is almost the same as that of the material. Besides, compared with 2024 and 7075 aluminum alloy, machined surfaces of TiB2/2024 composite and TiB2/7075 composite both show tensile residual stress or low magnitude of compressive residual stress.

Research on the machinability of particle-reinforced Al matrix composites (PRAMCs) is significant to their industrial applications. In the present article, the side milling process of two in situ TiB2/Al composites (in situ 6% TiB2/2024 Al composite and in situ 4% TiB2/7075 Al composite) and the corresponding Al alloys (2024 Al alloy and 7075 Al alloy) were investigated. Cutting responses, including milling force and temperature, were monitored and analyzed. Surface integrity, including roughness, topology, morphology, microstructure, and residual stress of the machined samples, was comprehensively characterized and analyzed. Results showed that, by adjusting the process parameters in appropriate ranges, the milling force and temperature of in situ TiB2/Al composites can be controlled at almost the same level of those of conventional Al alloys. Besides, in situ TiB2/Al composites showed better surface finish and larger process window than conventional Al alloys, which can be helpful for the side milling of precision parts, especially for ensuring the high surface quality of the workpiece without special setting of the process parameters. It is worthy to be noticed that side milling can make the TiB2 particles distribute more evenly on the sample surface, which can be beneficial to the comprehensive surface mechanical properties of the in situ TiB2/Al composites.

Although TiB2 particles improve the wear resistance and hardness of in situ TiB2/Al composites, TiB2 particles bring challenges for machining TiB2/Al composites. In order to study the difference between the cutting performance of aluminum alloys and TiB2/Al composites, the milling experiment of 2024 aluminum alloys, 7075 aluminum alloys, TiB2/2024 composites, and TiB2/7075 composites was conducted. The cutting specific energy, the milling force coefficient, and machined surface roughness are analyzed. The results show that the cutting specific energy and cutting force coefficient of TiB2/Al composites are higher than those of the conventional aluminum alloys. In addition, the machined surface profile and its spectrum are analyzed. The results indicate tool vibration is the main reason for the abnormal high surface roughness, especially for conventional aluminum alloys. The cutting stability of TiB2/Al composites is better than that of conventional aluminum alloys. TiB2 particles hinder the plastic deformation of the matrix alloy, reducing the tool feed marks, which makes the surface roughness of TiB2/Al composites lower.

T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a NOTCH1-driven disease in need of novel therapies. Here, we identify a NOTCH1–SIRT1–KAT7 link as a therapeutic vulnerability in T-ALL, in which the histone deacetylase SIRT1 is overexpressed downstream of a NOTCH1-bound enhancer. SIRT1 loss impaired leukemia generation, whereas SIRT1 overexpression accelerated leukemia and conferred resistance to NOTCH1 inhibition in a deacetylase-dependent manner. Moreover, pharmacologic or genetic inhibition of SIRT1 resulted in significant antileukemic effects. Global acetyl proteomics upon SIRT1 loss uncovered hyperacetylation of KAT7 and BRD1, subunits of a histone acetyltransferase complex targeting H4K12. Metabolic and gene-expression profiling revealed metabolic changes together with a transcriptional signature resembling KAT7 deletion. Consistently, SIRT1 loss resulted in reduced H4K12ac, and overexpression of a nonacetylatable KAT7-mutant partly rescued SIRT1 loss-induced proliferation defects. Overall, our results uncover therapeutic targets in T-ALL and reveal a circular feedback mechanism balancing deacetylase/acetyltransferase activation with potentially broad relevance in cancer. Significance: We identify a T-ALL axis whereby NOTCH1 activates SIRT1 through an enhancer region, and SIRT1 deacetylates and activates KAT7. Targeting SIRT1 shows antileukemic effects, partly mediated by KAT7 inactivation. Our results reveal T-ALL therapeutic targets and uncover a rheostat mechanism between deacetylase/acetyltransferase activities with potentially broader cancer relevance. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1

The in-situ TiB2/Al alloy composites are widely used in the aerospace industry due to excellent properties. Although TiB2/Al alloy composites have been investigated with regard to tool wear, surfac...

C9H9BrO3, monoclinic, P21 n (no. 14), a = 10.8914(4) Å, b = 4.6335(2) Å, c = 18.4554(8) Å, β = 97.278(2)°, V = 923.85(7) Å3, Z = 4, T = 225 K, R gt (F) = 0.0385, wR ref (F 2) = 0.0902.

C24H24N2O3, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 13.674(3) Å, b = 7.3900(14) Å, c = 20.862(4) Å, β = 106.728(7)°, V = 2018.9(7) Å3, Z = 4, R gt (F) = 0.0633, wR ref (F 2) = 0.1804, T = 293 K.

C26H26CuN2O5, triclinic, P = 1̄ (no. 2), a = 8.8090(5) Å, b = 11.4984(6) Å, c = 12.3941(7) Å, α = 90.11°, β = 106.017(2)°, γ = 100.180(2)°, V = 1185.95(11) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0315, wRref (F2) = 0.0869, T = 293 K.

C22H15N3O2, triclinic, P 1 ‾ $P‾{1}$ (no. 2), a = 5.7613(4) Å, b = 12.3545(7) Å, c = 13.3427(8) Å, α = 110.002(2)°, β = 98.837(2)°, γ = 94.263(2)°, V = 873.55(9) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt (F) = 0.0471, wRref (F 2) = 0.1376, T = 293 K.

As the main active component of Panacis majoris Rhizoma, Chikusetsu saponin IVa has the activity of anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory pain, and so on. Obtaining high purity Chikusetsu saponin IVa by simple purification steps is a prerequisite for its deep development. In this paper, the separation and purification of Chikusetsu saponin IVa were studied by molecular imprinting technique. By ultraviolet and visible spectrophotometry and computer molecular simulation, it was concluded that water-soluble 3-(2-carboxyethyl)-1-vinylimidazolium bromide ionic liquid was the best functional monomer compared with acrylic acid and acrylamide. The molecularly imprinted polymers were prepared by precipitation polymerization at 60℃ with Chikusetsu saponin IVa as template molecule, 3-(2-carboxyethyl)-1-vinylimidazolium bromide as functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as cross-linker, 2, 2'-azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator, and ethanol as porogen. The properties of molecularly imprinted polymers were studied by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermo-gravimetric analysis, nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherm, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The maximum adsorption capacity was 171.33 mg/g, and the imprinting factor was 2.6. Finally, the polymers can be successfully used in the purification of Chikusetsu saponin IVa from Panacis majoris Rhizoma through a simple procedure, the content was significantly increased. The recoveries of the spiked samples for the CS-IVa ranged from 94.05 to 99.95% with relative standard deviation values lower than 2.67%. The results showed that the polymers demonstrated good adsorption capacity for Chikusetsu saponin IVa. Meanwhile, the polymers showed great stability and reusability during the application.

C15H11N3O2, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 8.4680(5) Å, b = 9.7578(5) Å, c = 10.2101(6) Å, α = 104.578(5)°, β = 111.882(6)°, γ = 106.589(5)°, V = 686.77(8) Å3, Z = 2, R gt(F) = 0.0394, wR ref(F 2) = 0.1261, T = 250(2) K.

Pyrido[1,2-a]benzimidazoles, which show interesting and potentially useful biological activities, have drawn extensive attention from chemists. A straightforward copper acetate-oxidative one-pot synthesis of these compounds from 2-aminopyridines and phenylboronic acids through C–N bond formation and C–H bond activation was developed as a simple and convenient method.

This paper explores the teaching reform of signals and systems under the concept of "student-centered". Starting from the cultivation of students' practical ability and self-learning consciousness, this paper analyzes the characteristics of signal and system course and the main problems existing in the teaching process, and puts forward a series of feasible reform schemes. Through the innovation of teaching mode, teaching methods, teaching means and other ways, create a good classroom atmosphere, improve students' learning enthusiasm; teach students in accordance with their aptitude, stimulate their potential, guide them to study consciously and actively, so as to put "student and learning as the center" into practice, construct an efficient teaching classroom, and cultivate more excellent applied talents. Starting from the problems existing in the teaching process of signals and systems, this paper actively explores the method of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude, constructs a student-centered teaching mode and assessment system, puts forward the allocation mechanism of discourse power, and finally explores the teaching reform scheme of "signals and systems" course with students as the center, and finally divides the teaching results before and after the reform The results show that the implementation effect of the student-centered curriculum teaching reform is good.

A new thiophene hydrazide derivative TSB was synthesized and utilized as naked-eye colorimetric sensor for Cu

SUMMARY Repetitive elements are abundantly distributed in mammalian genomes. Here, we reveal a striking association between repeat subtypes and gene function. SINE, L1, and low-complexity repeats demarcate distinct functional categories of genes and may dictate the time and level of gene expression by providing binding sites for different regulatory proteins. Importantly, imaging and sequencing analysis show that L1 repeats sequester a large set of genes with specialized functions in nucleolus- and lamina-associated inactive domains that are depleted of SINE repeats. In addition, L1 transcripts bind extensively to its DNA in embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Depletion of L1 RNA in ESCs leads to relocation of L1-enriched chromosomal segments from inactive domains to the nuclear interior and de-repression of L1-associated genes. These results demonstrate a role of L1 DNA and RNA in gene silencing and suggest a general theme of genomic repeats in orchestrating the function, regulation, and expression of their host genes., In Brief Lu et al. report a striking association between genomic repeats and gene regulation and demonstrate a key role of L1 repeat RNA in sequestering L1-rich sequences and associated genes in inactive domains for silencing, revealing a general theme of repeat sequences in shaping gene regulatory networks within their host genome., Graphical Abstract

A phosphate solubilizing bacterium ZB was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of Araucaria, which falls into the species Pantoea agglomerans. Optimization for phosphate solubilization by strain ZB was performed. At optimum culture conditions, the isolate showed great ability of solubilizing different insoluble inorganic phosphate sources viz. Ca3(PO4)2 (TCP), Hydroxyapatite (HP), CaHPO4, AlPO4, FePO4 along with rock phosphates (RPs). Inoculation with planktonic cells was found to enhance dissolved phosphorous as compared to that achieved by symplasma inoculation. Besides inoculation with different status of cells, pre-incubation could also exert a great effect on phosphate solubilization ability of P. agglomerans. When isolate ZB was cultured with glucose as carbon sources, phosphorous was more efficiently dissolved from HP and RP without pre-incubation in comparison to that obtained with pre-cultivation. Pre-cultivation, however, was more suitable for P solubilization than no pre-cultivation when bacteria were grown with xylose. A positive correlation was detected between the production of organic acids and phosphate solubilization. P. agglomerans ZB possessed many plant growth promotion traits such as N2 fixation and production of indole 3-acetic acid, phytase, alkaline phosphatase. Pot experiment showed inoculation with single isolate ZB or biofertilizer prepared from semi-solid fermentation of isolate ZB with spent mushroom substrate (SMS) compost could enhance plant growth with respect to number of leaves, plant leave area, stem diameter, root length, root dry mass, shoot dry mass and biomass when compared to the abiotic control, revealing strain ZB could be a promising environmental-friendly biofertilizer to apply for agricultural field.

An acidophilic chemolithoautotrophic bacterium named TST3 was isolated from an acid drainage of Daye Tongshankou copper mines in China. The isolate TST3 was a motile, Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium and could utilize elemental sulfur, thiosulfate and tetrathionate as energy sources for autotrophic growth. The phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA gene sequence and amino acid sequence of sulfur oxygenase reductase indicated that strain TST3 is most closely related to Acidithiobacillus caldus. The strain exhibited unusual physiological characteristics with optimal growth at 37 °C and at an initial pH of 1.5–2.0. The dissolution of rock phosphates by A. caldus TST3 was explored in a series of bio-leaching experiments without and with pre-cultivation of the microorganism. The results showed that phosphorous was more efficiently bio-solubilized under the condition without pre-incubation in comparison to that obtained with pre-cultivation when strain TST3 was cultured in a phosphorous-limited environment. The presence of RPs exerted a positive effect on the expression of sulfur oxidation genes, bio-oxidative activity of elemental sulfur and bacterial growth. Bio-solubilization of rock phosphates was a pH-dependent phenomenon. The larger amount of phosphorous dissolved from rock phosphates without pre-cultivation coincided with the increased generation of gypsum crystals due to the relatively lower pH values from the enhanced bio-oxidization of sulfur.

C34H54N10O6S6, monoclinic, P21 (no. 4), a = 11.8434(5) Å, b = 11.2298(6) Å, c = 17.0706(8) Å, β = 94.661(2)°, V = 2262.86(19) Å3, Z = 4, R gt(F) = 0.0287, wR ref(F 2) = 0.0809, T = 150(2) K.

Surface modification of 300M steel induced by ultrasonic surface rolling process (USRP) was studied regarding surface topography, microstructure, the distribution of shear strain, microhardness, and residual stress profiles. The effects of USRP on the tensile and fatigue properties were finally discussed. The results indicated that one pass of USRP can reduce the surface roughness (Ra) by more than one order of magnitude (from 0.30 μm to 0.025 μm). Besides, a severe plastic deformation layer was noticed at the top surface, which led to an increase of surface microhardness by about 17% and an elevation of compressive residual stress by about 190%. In USRP, a high plastic shear strain of ~3 and shear strain rate of ~105 s−1 can be induced into the topmost surface, which motivates the dislocation activities in the form of dislocation tangles, dislocation walls, and dislocation cells. Dislocation slip supplemented by mechanical twinning dominates the microstructural evolution pattern of the USRP sample. The excellent surface finish, high microhardness, and high compressive residual stress result in an obvious increase in the resistance of high-cycle fatigue behavior. Besides, the tensile strength was improved by 3.8%, whereas the corresponding yield strength and elongation were reduced by 5.9% and 24.3%, respectively.

n the precision machining of in-situ TiB2/7075 composite, the feasibility of cryogenic minimum quantity lubrication (CMQL) was explored considering the requirements of environmental protection and prolonging tool life. In the supercritical CO2 (scCO2) jet, water-based cutting fluid further improved the cooling performance, while the soluble vegetable oil greatly improved the lubrication performance. The friction experiment verified that the coefficient of friction (COF) under scCO2-oil on water based MQL (scCO2-OoWMQL) condition was as low as 0.1. The milling experiment verified that the scCO2-OoWMQL condition was prominent in inhibiting adhesive wear and slowing down abrasive wear, due to the combination of excellent cooling and lubrication performance, so the tool life was extended by 198.08% compared with dry conditions.

In this paper the reactions of iron(II) hydrides 6 – 10 formed by selective C F/C H bond activation in fluoroaryl-imines were reported. Iron hydrides 6 and 7 reacted with haloalkane to give rise to the corresponding iron halides 11 and 12 with the mer -rearrangement of the three trimethylphosphine ligands. The related trifluoromethylcarboxyl iron complexes 13 and 14 with the carboxyl group as monodentate ligand were obtained from the reactions of hydrides 8 and 9 with F 3 CCOOH. The reaction of iron hydride 6 with Lewis acid LiBF 4 delivered ionic iron complex 15 . Both the reaction of iron hydride 10 with Me 3 SiC C H and the reaction of iron bromide 11 with Me 3 SiC CLi could provide the derivative trimethylsilylacetylenyl iron(II) complexes 16 and 17 respectively. The molecular structures of complexes 12 , 13 and 17 were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction.

C22H18N2O4S3, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 9.632(2) Å, b = 10.000(3) Å, c = 22.760(6) Å, β = 93.196(18)°, V = 2188.9(10) Å3, Z = 4, R gt(F) = 0.0354, wR ref(F 2) = 0.0933, T = 293(2) K.

C27H24N4O2 monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 5.8073(2) Å, b = 31.2564(9) Å, c = 24.8105(8) Å, β = 90.13°, V = 4503.5(2) Å3, Z = 8, R gt(F) = 0.0644, wR ref(F 2) = 0.1854, T = 150(2) K.

C13H14Cl1N3, orthorhombic, Pma2 (no. 28), a = 6.7623(2) Å, b = 21.1431(6) Å, c = 8.8708(2) Å, Z = 4, V = 1268.31(6) Å3, R gt(F) = 0.0362, wR ref(F 2) = 0.0969, T = 200(2) K.

C38H58N10O6S4, monoclinic, P21 (no. 4), a = 11.9542(5) Å, b = 11.4057(5) Å, c = 17.2763(8) Å, β = 96.380(1)° V = 2340.97(18) Å3, Z = 4, R gt(F) = 0.0325, wR ref(F 2) = 0.0836, T = 200 K.

Fluoroarylimine-stabilized iron(II) hydrides were used for the activation of CO2. The resulting iron(II) formate complex 6, which was obtained by formal CO2 insertion into the Fe–H bond, turned out to be unstable in solution. CO was suitable for the formation of stable analogues of complex 6. From the three-component reaction of CO, CO2, and iron hydride, a series of stable carbonyl formate iron(II) complexes 7–9 were generated. Iron(II) formate complex 6 could also be obtained from the reaction of the iron(II) hydride complex with formic acid. On the basis of this result, the dehydrogenation of formic acid catalyzed by iron(II) hydrides was explored. The reaction was monitored by in situ 1H NMR spectroscopy, and a possible mechanism was proposed. In addition, iron(II) hydrides also reacted with CS2 to generate thiocarboxy iron(II) complexes 12, 13, 14, and 16. Unexpected complex 17 was produced from the three-component reaction of CS2, complex 4, and compound 15. The possible mechanism of the three-component reaction was also studied by operando IR spectroscopy.

The effects of energy source and leaching method on improving the bio-leaching of rock phosphates by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans CK were investigated. The dissolution of rock phosphates by strain CK in response to ferrous iron and elemental sulfur as the sole and mixed energy source was studied in a series of bio-leaching experiments without and with pre-cultivation of the microorganism. The mixture of ferrous iron and sulfur was found to be optimal for bio-leaching of rock phosphates. Bio-leaching of rock phosphates with pre-grown culture was observed to be enhanced significantly in comparison to that obtained without pre-cultivation under the condition of the same energy source. The presence of rock phosphates exerts a negative effect on bacterial oxidative activity. Phosphorous solubilization from rock phosphates relies on protons to proceed. The enhanced bio-leaching of rock phosphates coincided with the increased generation of gypsum crystals and the decreased formation of jarosite precipitates due to the relatively lower pH values achieved by the simultaneous release of protons from the precipitation of ferric ions and bio-oxidization of sulfur when both energy sources were available as well as the delayed addition of ore samples under pre-grown culture leaching.

The process of lignocellulosic biomass routinely produces a stream that contains sugars plus various amounts of acetic acid. As acetate is known to inhibit the culture of microorganisms including oleaginous yeasts, little attention has been paid to explore lipid production on mixtures of acetate and sugars. Here we demonstrated that the yeast Cryptococcus curvatus can effectively co-ferment acetate and sugars for lipid production. When mixtures of acetate and glucose were applied, C. curvatus consumed both substrates simultaneously. Similar phenomena were also observed for acetate and xylose mixtures, as well as acetate-rich corn stover hydrolysates. More interestingly, the replacement of sugar with equal amount of acetate as carbon source afforded higher lipid titre and lipid content. The lipid products had fatty acid compositional profiles similar to those of cocoa butter, suggesting their potential for high value-added fats and biodiesel production. This co-fermentation strategy should facilitate lipid production technology from lignocelluloses.

A new thiophene hydrazide derivative TSB was synthesized and utilized as naked-eye colorimetric sensor for Cu2+ by the color changed from colorless to yellow as well as green fluorescent turn on sensor for Al3+ in DMSO/H2O (1/1, V/V) solution. The dual-functional chemosensor TSB for Cu2+/Al3+ sensing displayed excellent properties of special selectivity, superior sensitivity, outstanding anti-interference performance, instantaneous response, wide pH working range and good reversibility. The detection limits of TSB for Cu2+/Al3+ were determined as low as 46.5 nM and 32.7 nM, respectively. The 1:1 binding mode of TSB with Cu2+/Al3+ was proved by spectrometric titrations, Job's plots, FTIR, 1H NMR and HRMS analysis. Moreover, chemosensor TSB was successfully utilized for detection of Cu2+ and Al3+ in real environmental water and food samples with high reliability, demonstrating its practical applicability.

C12H8ClN3O, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 19.2743(18) Å, b = 7.3515(7) Å, c = 17.8170(16) Å, β = 112.593(2)°, V = 2330.8(4) Å3, Z = 8, R gt(F) = 0.0333, wR ref(F 2) = 0.0906, T = 153(2) K.

C30H23NO2, orthorhombic, Pbca (no. 61), a = 10.7674(16) Å, b = 19.542(3) Å, c = 20.970(3) Å, V = 4412.5(11) Å3, Z = 8, R gt(F) = 0.0350, wR ref(F 2) = 0.0963, T = 153 K.

Screening and obtaining a novel high activity cellulase and its producing microbe strain is the most important and essential way to improve the utilization of crop straw. In this paper, we devoted our efforts to isolating a novel microbe strain which could produce high activity cellulase. A novel strain Trichoderma virens ZY-01 was isolated from a cropland where straw is rich and decomposed, by using the soil dilution plate method with cellulose and Congo red. The strain has been licensed with a patent numbered ZL 201210295819.6. The cellulase activity in the cultivation broth could reach up to 7.4 IU/mL at a non-optimized fermentation condition with the newly isolated T. virens ZY-01. The cellulase was separated and purified from the T. virens culture broth through (NH₄)₂SO₄ fractional precipitation, anion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration chromatography. With the separation process, the CMC specific activity increased from 0.88 IU/mg to 31.5 IU/mg with 35.8 purification fold and 47.04% yield. Furthermore, the enzymatic properties of the cellulase were investigated. The optimum temperature and pH is 50 °C and pH 5.0 and it has good thermal stability. Zn2+, Ca2+ and Mn2+ could remarkably promote the enzyme activity. Conversely, Cu2+ and Co2+ could inhibit the enzymatic activity. This work provides a new highly efficient T. virens strain for cellulase production and shows good prospects in practical application.

Interleukin-24 (IL-24) is an ideal tumor-suppressor gene, but the mechanisms underlying its antitumor specificity remain to be elucidated. The best way to investigate these problems is to begin from the initiation of corresponding signaling cascades activated by IL-24 with screening and identifying those proteins that interacted with IL-24. With the aim of identifying these initial interactions, a yeast two-hybrid screening was performed by transforming AH109 cells containing PGBKT7-IL-24 with a liver cDNA plasmid library. These cells were then plated on synthetic nutrient medium (SD/-Trp/-Leu/-His) for the first screening and on quadruple dropout medium containing X-α-gal for the second screening. Positive colonies were further verified by repeating the MATE experiments, co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) analysis, and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) assays in vitro. Following the yeast two-hybrid screening, 15 genes were selected for sequencing, with two genes, HLA-C and NDUFA13, further verified using Co-IP assays and FRET assays. Both HLA-C and NDUFA13 were found to interact with IL-24. We found that HLA-C and NDUFA13 could interact with IL-24 and it may be involved in the signal induced by IL-24. Overall, this study contributes further insight into the cancer-specific apoptosis-inducing abilities of IL-24 to potentially enhance its therapeutic potential, and it also provides outlets for other biological functions of IL-24.

Five novel oligothiophene derivatives end-capped by different functional groups (R=ethoxyl (EtOP3T), methylsulfanyl (MSP3T), acetyl (AcP3T), methylsulfonyl (MSO2P3T) and biphenyl (BP3T) groups) were synthesized. They were characterized by Hnuclear magnetic resonanceH (P1PH NMR), Hmass spectrometryH (MS) and Fourier transform Infra-red spectra (IR). The relationship between end-capping functional groups and optoelectronic properties of them was investigated. It was found that the compound with sulfonyl group in the molecular structure (MSOR2RP3T) shows the highest oxidation stability (also supported by theoretical calculations) and best thermal stability among the five compounds. The results of scanning electron microscope (SEM) interpret that MSOR2RP3T displays excellent ability of self-film forming. This reveals that it could be a potential candidate for thin film material. The liquid crystal property of MSOR2RP3T was characterized by polarized optical microscopy analysis (POM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results of this paper provide useful information for the design of tailored oligothiophene derivatives for devices.

Dynamic simulation was performed on a three-phase high Tc superconducting fault current limiter (HTSFCL). A prototype HTSFCL of this type was made and tested. It employs one high Tc superconducting coil, which is connected with the secondary windings of three single-phase transformers. The operating characteristics of the HTSFCL have been investigated. The results are also presented.

The interactions between Urinary Trypsin Inhibitor (UTI) and 1-anilino-8-naphthalene sulfonate (ANS) were investigated by fluorescence spectra, isothermal titration calorimetry and molecular modeling. The results revealed the presence of four specific binding sites for ANS on UTI, with interactions driven mainly by electrostatic forces. The four specific binding sites indicated the involvement of four hydrophobic patches on UTI. Experimental data also confirmed the presence of a further five nonspecific binding sites that interacted mainly by the formation of salt bridges between the sulfonates of ANS and positive residues on the surface of UTI.

Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) can self-renew indefinitely and differentiate into all cell types in the human body. Therefore, they are valuable in regenerative medicine, human developmental biology and drug discovery. A number of hESC lines have been derived from the Chinese population, but limited of them are available for research purposes. Here we report the derivation and characterization of two hESC lines derived from human blastocysts of Chinese origin. These hESCs express alkaline phosphatase and hESC-specific markers, including Oct4, Nanog, SSEA-3, SSEA-4, TRA-1-60 and TRA-1-81. They also have high levels of telomerase activity and normal karyotypes. These cells can form embryoid body in vitro and can be differentiated into all three germ layers in vivo by teratoma formation. The newly established hESCs will be distributed for research purposes. The availability of hESC lines from the Chinese population will facilitate studies on the differences in hESCs from different ethnic groups.

Two new hydrido iron complexes (2 and 4) were synthesized by the reactions of (4-methoxyphenyl)phenylketimine ((4-MeOPh)PhC=NH) with Fe(PMe3)4 or FeMe2(PMe3)4. The molecular structures of complexes 2 and 4 were confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction. Using hydrido iron complexes (1-4) as catalysts, the hydrosilylations of aldehydes and ketones were investigated. The four complexes were effective catalysts for this reduction reaction. Complex 1 among them is the best catalyst.

Properties of YBa 2 Cu 3 O x (YBCO) thin films deposited on Nd 1/3 Eu 1/3 Gd 1/3 Ba 2 Cu 3 O x (NEG) sublayers with a nano-undulated surface morphology were investigated. We found a strong influence of the NEG sublayer on the microstructure and superconducting properties of such YBCO films. The correlation between microstructural features and superconducting properties is discussed.