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Flexible organic field-effect transistor nonvolatile memories (OFET-NVMs) with polymer electrets have aroused great attention for its important role in next-generation flexible data storage devices application. However, the OFET-NVMs to date still hardly reach the requirements for practical applications. In air environment, the positively charged defects formed in pentacene near the interface with polymer, result in unsatisfied high programming/erasing (P/E) voltages. Here, we propose an OFET memory structure, in which an n-type semiconductor N, N′-Bis(3-pentyl) perylene-3, 4, 9, 10-bis(dicarboximide) (PTCDI-C13) is inserted between pentacene and poly(4-vinyl phenol. Based on the electrostatic induction effect, electrons are induced on the surface of PTCDI-C13 due to the electrostatic field generated by the positive charges at the interface of pentacene/polymer, and compensate part of the positive charges at the interface, resulting in the reduction of the height of hole-barrier. The flexible memory device with PTCDI-C13 exhibits a memory window of larger than 7 V at P/E voltages (±20 V), fast switching speeds (0.5 ms), good P/E endurance (>400 cycles), large field-effect mobility (0.026 cm2 V−1 s−1), and long retention time (over 104 s).

Decision theories have made a distinction between risk (i.e., known probabilities) and ambiguity (i.e., unknown probabilities). Prior work has examined the effect of competition and cooperation on risk-taking under risk. However, little is known about whether and how competition and cooperation affect risk-taking under ambiguity and the role of gender in this effect. The current study addresses this research gap. In the present study, a shortened version of a balloon analogue risk task was used to assess risk-taking under ambiguity. The participants completed this task in competition against a peer, in cooperation with a peer, or alone. The results showed that the participants took more risks in the competition and cooperation conditions than in the individual condition, but no differences were found between the competition and cooperation conditions. More important, gender modulated these effects. First, these effects were driven by males, but not by females. Second, males showed more risk-taking under ambiguity than females in the competitive situation, but not in the cooperative situation. Overall, this work contributes to understanding the effect of social interaction on risky decisions under ambiguity.

Herein, a new multidentate ligand, 5-(imidazol-1-yl)-N′-(pyridin-4-ylmethylene) nicotinohydrazide (L), with an acylhydrazone group was synthesized and characterized. Subsequently, four porous Cd(II)-MOFs, i.e. [Cd(L)(NO3)]n (1), [Cd(L)Cl]n (2), [Cd(L)Br]n (3), and [Cd(L)I]n (4), were assembled using the ligand L by a solvothermal method and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and powder X-ray diffraction. Structural analysis shows that the coordination environments around Cd(II) in all the four compounds are different due to the different coordinated anions. Among them, the coordination geometries and the arrangement of five-coordinated groups of the compound 1 containing the coordinated NO3− anions are significantly different from those of the other three compounds containing halides. However, all the four MOFs have similar one-dimensional rhombic channels. In these channels, both the nitrate ions and the halide ions are attached to the inner walls of the pores. The CO2 adsorption properties of 1–4 were studied at 273 K, and the results showed that these compounds exhibit different adsorption capacities for CO2 due to the presence of different ions in their pores.

Organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) as nonvolatile memory units are essential for lightweight and flexible electronics, yet the practical application remains a great challenge. The positively charged defects in pentacene film at the interface between pentacene and polymer caused by environmental conditions, as revealed by theoretical and experimental research works, result in unacceptable high programming/erasing (P/E) gate voltages in pentacene OFETs with polymer charge-trapping dielectric. Here, we report a pentacene OFET in which an n-type semiconductor layer was intercalated between a polymer and a blocking insulator. In this structure, the hole barrier caused by the defect layer can be adjusted by the thickness and charge-carrier density of the n-type semiconductor interlayer based on the electrostatic induction theory. This idea was implemented in an OFET structure Cu/pentacene/poly(2-vinyl naphthalene) (PVN)/ZnO/SiO

The COVID-19 pandemic is seriously affecting the mental health of adolescents and triggering a series of mental health-related issues. The present study investigates the relationships between conscientiousness, dispositional mindfulness (DM), and adolescents' mental health-related issues including anxiety, depression, and perceived stress during this time. In this study, after obtaining informed consent from participants' parents, 5994 Chinese adolescents voluntarily and anonymously completed an online survey. Conscientiousness was found to be negatively associated with anxiety, depression, and perceived stress. It was found to be positively associated with DM, which, in turn, negatively predicts anxiety, depression, and perceived stress. Conscientiousness is thus related to mental health-related issues, and this relationship is mediated by DM. This mediation effect is stronger in females than in males. These findings provide new and strong evidence for the protective role of conscientiousness and DM in adolescents' mental health-related issues during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Memory is highly susceptible to distortions, which can exert serious consequences in daily life. Despite this, we still know little about the role of factors that comprise social contexts in which memory processes occur. In the present study, we attempted to address this issue by examining how social competition influences true and false recognition. Participants performed a version of the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm designed to lure them into producing both true and false recognition either in competition against or independently of another person. We found that participants in the competition group showed lower levels of true and false recognition than those in the control group. Signal-detection analyses revealed that participants in both groups showed equivalent memory sensitivity for true recognition, while those in the competition group exhibited a decreased sensitivity for false recognition, which implies enhanced item-specific encoding during social competition. Moreover, participants in the competition group showed a more conservative response bias for both true and false recognition at retrieval than those in the control group, indicating a shift towards conservatism in decision strategy for both true and false recognition during social competition. The results provide compelling evidence for a decision-based reduction of true recognition and both encoding-based and decision-based reductions of false recognition under competitive contexts. Therefore, these novel findings may have implications both for understanding the powerful role of social competition on true and false memories and for understanding the potential role of social competition on other aspects of memory processes.

Herein, a new multidentate ligand, 5-(imidazol-1-yl)

This study explores the possibility of using an ANN-based model for the rapid numerical simulation and seismic performance prediction of reinforced concrete (RC) columns. The artificial neural network (ANN) method is implemented to model the relationship between the input features of RC columns and the critical parameters of the commonly used lumped plasticity (LP) model: The strength and the yielding, capping and ultimate deformation capacity. Cyclic test data of 1163 column specimens obtained from the PEER and NEEShub database and other sources are collected and divided into the training set, test set and validation set for the ANN model. The effectiveness of the proposed ANN model is validated by comparing it with existing explicit formulas and experimental results. Results indicated that the developed model can effectively predict the strength and deformation capacities of RC columns. Furthermore, the response of two RC frame structures under static force and strong ground motion were simulated by the ANN-based, bi-linear and tri-linear LP model method. The good agreement between the proposed model and test results validated that the ANN-based method can provide sufficiently accurate model parameters for modeling the seismic response of RC columns using the LP model.

Support vector machine models are generally considered as “black box” procedures, which sometimes render them unexplainable and prone to over-fitting or under-fitting in absence of sufficient data. In this study, an empirical-based support vector machine (EM-based SVM) method is proposed to model the complicated relationships among the basic characteristics of reinforced concrete columns and their corresponding critical performance metrics on hysteretic curves. Moreover, a database of historical pseudo-static cyclic tests is established for model training and test after rigorous screening of specimens. The developed model is then validated by comparing with the results of common SVM method and semi-empirical formulas, as well as pseudo-static and shake table tests. Finally, its applicability and effectiveness for seismic damage assessment and simulation are explored, which demonstrates its potential value in engineering applications.

Highway bridge networks (HBN) are one of the critical components of a transportation system that supports the operation of modern society. The traffic-carrying capacity of a transportation system is essential for emergency responses in a catastrophic seismic hazard. In this article, a methodology is proposed to assess the regional seismic performance of HBN considering the post-disaster traffic demand of a transportation system in emergency conditions. First, the framework of the methodology is introduced. Then, topological properties and vulnerability analyses are conducted to understand the connectivity of the HBN and the traffic-carrying capacity of the damaged bridge networks. In addition, traffic flow analysis is employed to consider the traffic situation in an emergency condition. Then, the entropy-right method is adopted to integrate these factors and to assess the importance of each bridge link in an emergency condition. Last, the seismic performance of HBN is also evaluated considering th...

On 6 September 2017, the global scholars and professionals were mourning the death of professor L. A. Zadeh. This paper briefly recalls the historical significance of fuzzy mathematics, Zadeh’s friendship with China and what his academic thoughts have been carried out in China.

In accord with Festinger (1954) and Garcia et al. (2013), we investigate the understudied link between social comparison and competition. Specifically, in two correlational studies using university undergraduate (N = 298) and adult worker (N = 645) samples, we used path models to test relations between two types of social comparison orientation (SCO-ability and SCO-opinion), trait competitiveness (TC), and both overall and domain-specific risk-taking. The findings were largely consistent across studies, with some variation within risk-taking domain. SCO-ability positively predicted TC, but the reciprocal relation was not observed. SCO-ability positively predicted overall risk-taking and risk-taking in the ethical, gambling, and health/safety domains across studies (and social-investment risk-taking for adult workers). TC was also an independent positive predictor of overall risk-taking and ethical risk-taking (and social-investment, gambling, and health/safety risk-taking for adult workers). Mediation analyses showed that TC partially mediated the relation between SCO-ability and both overall risk-taking and ethical risk-taking across studies (and social, gambling, and health/safety risk-taking for adult workers). SCO-opinion exhibited few consistent links to risk-taking. This research furthers integration of the social comparison and competition literatures, and expands the literature on antecedents of risk-taking behavior.

Objective: To investigate the mediating effect of social adaptation between the Chinese college’s mental health and self-concept. Methods: Five hundred and eight college students were surveyed with China College Student Adjustment Scale (CCSAS), College Student Self-Concept Questionnaire (CSSQ), and Development of Chinese College Student Mental Health Scale (DCCSMH). Using SPSS and the tools of the Bootstrap to explore the mediating effect of social adaptation between the Chinese college’s mental health and self-concept. Results: Self-concept, mental health and social adaptation were significant correlated with each other (except for that self-concept, anxious, depending and impulse, social adjusting and forcing). The mediating effects made up 8% to 20% of the total effects. Conclusion: Self-concept can directly affect mental health of college students, social adaptation acts as a mediating role between self-concept and mental health among Chinese college students.

Fe x Al 1-x thin films had been prepared on Si (100) substrates by electron beam evaporation. The substrate temperature was varied from room temperature to 450°C at an interval of 100°C. The crystalline orientation of deposited Fe x Al 1-x thin films had been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the thickness was measured by Atomic profiler. The results show that the crystalline orientation of Fe x Al 1-x thin films depends on the substrate temperature. The thin films are crystal at different substrate temperatures. The deposition rate becomes bigger from 30°C to 250°C and smaller from 250°C to 450°C. The surface morphology of deposited Fe x Al 1-x thin films had been investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The results show that the surface roughness increases with increasing the substrates temperature to 450°C.

In this paper, Fe X Al 1-X films have been deposited on silicon substrates using electron beam evaporation, which have been not reported to prepare Fe X Al 1-X films before. Subsequently, the films were annealed in vacuum better than 3×10 -4 Pa for 1 hour at 100°C, 280°C, 330°C, 450°C and 500°C, respectively. Electrical resistivities of the samples were been measured by four point probe, and microstructures of the samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD). The results show that, the resistivity of films reduces gradually with increasing of the annealing temperature, and the structure of films can be improved after annealing. In addition, the resistivity of film reduces gradually with increasing thickness and comes closed to the that of bulk when the film thickness becomes thicker than 100nm.