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Two previously undescribed 3(4), 8(9), 9(10)-trisecocycloartane triterpene dilactones with a featured eleven-membered ring, pseudoladilactones A and B (1-2), together with three known ones (4-5), were isolated from the 80 % ethanol extract of the cones of Pseudolarix amabilis. The structures of compounds 1 and 2 were determined on the basis of analysis of 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopic data. The absolute configuration of pseudoladilactones A (1) was elucidated by single crystal X-ray diffraction (CuKα). All isolates were tested for cytototoxicity against four human tumor cell lines A549, HCT116, SK-BR-3, and HepG2.

Abstract Four new 3,4-secocycloartane triterpenoids, pseudolactones A–D (1–4), were isolated from the ethanol extract of the cones of Pseudol arixamabilis. Their structures were established by extensive 1D- and 2D-NMR experiments. The cones of P. arixamabilis are enriched in the ring-expanded or cleaved cycloartane triterpenoids. This work provides new insight into cycloartane triterpenoids from the cones of P. arixamabilis. Graphic Abstract

Sophorae tonkinensis Radix et Rhizoma (S. tonkinensis) has been recorded as a 'poisonous' Chinese herbal medicine in Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020. The clinical reaction reports of S. tonkinensis indicated its neurotoxicity; however, there still exists dispute about its toxic substances. At present, no report is available on the blood and brain prototype research of S. tonkinensis. Most studies focused on alkaloids and less on other compounds. Moreover, the constituents absorbed into the blood and brain have been rarely investigated so far. This study established a rapid and efficient qualitative analysis method using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS

Seven oleanane-type triterpenoid saponins, tunicosaponins B-D (1-3), F-I (4-7), along with eight known triterpenoid saponins (8-15), were isolated from the roots of Psammosilene tunicoides. The structures of compounds 1-7 were determined by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR techniques, mass spectrometry and chemical methods. Triterpene glycosides have been considered as major active constituents of P. tunicoides. This work provides a more complete insight into the saponin constituents of P. tunicoides.

Abstract Eight new triterpenoids were isolated from Ainsliaea latifolia. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by interpretation of spectroscopic data, including HRESIMS and NMR data. Compounds 4–6 are identified as rare trinorcucurbitane or tetranorcucurbitane triterpenoids. The absolute configurations of compounds 1 and 2 were confirmed by Snatzke’s method. All compounds were evaluated for their inhibition against cyclooxyenase-2 (COX-2), in which compound 4 showed significant inhibitory effect against COX-2 with IC50 value of 3.98 ± 0.32 μM, comparable to that of positive control NS-398 (IC50 4.14 ± 0.28 μM). Graphic Abstract