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Vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) is one of the main windmills for wind energy conversion, which can be further divided into lift type and drag type. The term rotor solidity is defined by product of blade number and chord length divided by the rotor diameter for Lift Type VAWT, which has been identified as a key parameter on the performance of a lift type VAWT. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation indicated that there exists a maximum power coefficient when the solidity value varies between 0.2 and 0.5 for lift type VAWT. However, the solidity has not been well defined for Drag Type VAWT till now. In this article, the solidity is defined by product of blade number and blade radius divided by the effective diameter of rotor for Modified Savonius VAWT analogically, which is a typical drag type VAWT. CFD simulation indicated that there exists a maximum power coefficient when the value of solidity stands about 0.609 for each Modified Savonius VAWT with varying blades averagely, which is a new Golden Ratio Section appeared in Optimal Design of Modified Savonius VAWT and close to the universal Golden Ratio Section number, 0.618.

In this article, it aims to propose effective approaches for hydro-forming process of bi-metallic composite pipe by assuming plane strain and elastic-perfectly plastic material model. It derives expressions for predicting hydro-forming pressure and residual stress of the forming process of bi-metallic composite pipe. Test data from available experiments is employed to check the model and formulas. It shows the reliability of the proposed model and formulas impersonally.

Meng Zheng,1 Chongfang Meng,2 Qi Zhang,3 Xiang Yan,1 Na Li1 1Dermatology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunan, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunan, People’s Republic of China; 3Nursing Department of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Na Li, Dermatology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Wuhua District, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China, Email 4845878@qq.comObjective: This study aims to systematically search, screen, evaluate, and synthesize evidence related to discharge preparation for elderly chemotherapy patients, providing an evidence-based reference for implementing discharge preparation services for this demographic.Methods: Systematic searches were conducted on databases including BMJ Best Clinical Practice, JBI Library, UpToDate Clinical Advisor, Cochrane Library, and relevant guideline websites. The collected literature comprised thematic summaries, clinical practice guidelines, technical reports, expert consensus, and systematic reviews related to discharge preparation for elderly chemotherapy patients. Relevant evaluation tools were selected based on the type of literature to assess methodological quality, and the evidence was extracted, summarized, and organized.Results: Fifteen pieces of evidence were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, including one clinical decision, two expert consensuses, six systematic reviews, two meta-analyses, and four guidelines. Twenty-nine pieces of evidence were summarized across four domains: assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation.Conclusion: The summarized evidence provides a reliable basis for implementing evidence-based discharge preparation services for elderly chemotherapy patients, laying a foundation for future clinical practice applications. Based on the evidence content and relevant literature, this paper explores the screening and evaluation tools applicable for use in clinical practice.Keywords: elderly, chemotherapy, discharge preparation, evidence-based nursing, evidence synthesis, review

Xiaosu Guo,1– 4,* Huimin Shi,1,2,* Yuteng Sun,1 Yuan Xing,1– 3 Xin Guo,1– 3 Zhiyuan Shen,1– 3 Mengyi Zheng,1 Yaxin Zhang,1 Yicun Jia,1 Ye Li,1 Junqiang Bao,1,2 Shujuan Tian1– 3 1Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Neurology, Hebei Hospital, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China; 3Neuromedical Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China; 4Brain Aging and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Shujuan Tian; Junqiang Bao, Department of Neurology, The First hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050030, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-0311-87156309, Email 57203005@hebmu.edu.cn; 57903004@hebmu.edu.cnPurpose: To summarize the clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) antibody encephalitis (anti-LGI1 antibody encephalitis) and explore the electroencephalogram (EEG) features.Patients and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical history of 16 patients diagnosed with anti-LGI1 antibody encephalitis at the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University from 2021 to 2023. EEGs of patients with anti-LGI1 antibody encephalitis and healthy individuals were analyzed. Based on Video-EEG signal analysis of EEG δ, θ, α, β frequency bands, weighted phase lag index values were calculated to form brain network matrices, studying differences in coherence between brain regions of patients with anti-LGI1 antibody encephalitis and healthy individuals.Results: Patients with anti-LGI1 antibody encephalitis often presented with subacute onset seizures and cognitive decline. Routine test of cerebrospinal fluid was mostly normal. Serum testing revealed hyponatremia in 62.50% of patients, along with positive serum antinuclear antibodies, decreased vitamin B12, and abnormal cytokines such as interleukin-6. Head MRI revealed abnormal lesions related to the disease in seven cases (43.75%), mainly located in the unilateral or bilateral frontal and temporal lobes of the hippocampus. The EEG mainly showed generalized and focal slow waves, sometimes with focal discharges. Brain network functional connectivity analysis found a significant weakening of functional connections in the frontal-temporal lobe in the δ and β frequency bands. Intravenous pulse corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin are first-line immunotherapies for anti-LGI1 antibody-related encephalitis. The disease recovery and cognitive decline improved in most patients.Conclusion: Anti-LGI1 antibody encephalitis is characterized by seizures and cognitive dysfunction. Serum may show abnormalities in immune indicators such as cytokines. Head MRI mainly reveals abnormal signals in the frontal-temporal lobes and the hippocampus. EEG brain network connectivity analysis reveals characteristic weakening of functional connections in the frontal-temporal lobe in the δ and β frequency bands.Keywords: anti-LGI1 antibody encephalitis, epilepsy, electroencephalogram, brain network functional connectivity, immunotherapy

Yali Yuan,1,2,* Hairong Hu,1,* Zhongmei Sun,3,* Wenting Wang,4 Zhibin Wang,1 Mengyu Zheng,5 Yunqi Xing,1 Wenji Zhang,1 Muyuan Wang,1 Xinyu Lu,1 Yitong Li,1 Chengtao Liang,1 Zhengdao Lin,1 Chune Xie,6 Junxiang Li,1 Tangyou Mao1 1Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, People’s Republic of China; 3Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China; 4Beitaipingzhuang Community Health Service Center, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 5King’s College, London, UK; 6Shenzhen Bao’an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Tangyou Mao; Junxiang Li, Email maotangyouqun@126.com; lijunxiang1226@163.comBackground: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and recurrent inflammatory disease that lacks effective treatments. Qingchang Wenzhong Decoction (QCWZD) is a clinically effective herbal prescription that has been proven to attenuate intestinal inflammation in IBD. However, its molecular mechanism of action has not been clearly elucidated.Purpose: We aimed to probe the mechanism of QCWZD for the treatment of IBD.Methods: The dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mouse model of IBD was used to identify the molecular targets involved in the mechanism of action of QCWZD. Metagenomics sequencing was utilized to analyze the differences in gut microbiota and the functional consequences of these changes. Network pharmacology combined with RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) were employed to predict the molecular targets and mechanism of action of QCWZD, and were validated through in vivo experiments.Results: Our results demonstrated that QCWZD treatment alleviated intestinal inflammation and accelerated intestinal mucosal healing that involved restoration of microbial homeostasis. This hypothesis was supported by the results of bacterial metagenomics sequencing that showed attenuation of gut dysbiosis by QCWZD treatment, especially the depletion of the pathogenic bacterial genus Bacteroides, while increasing the beneficial microorganism Akkermansia muciniphila that led to altered bacterial gene functions, such as metabolic regulation. Network pharmacology and RNA-seq analyses showed that Th17 cell differentiation plays an important role in QCWZD-based treatment of IBD. This was confirmed by in vivo experiments showing a marked decrease in the percentage of CD3+CD4+IL-17+ (Th17) cells. Furthermore, our results also showed that the key factors associated with Th17 cell differentiation (IL-17, NF-κB, TNF-α and IL-6) in the colon were significantly reduced in QCWZD-treated colitis mice.Conclusion: QCWZD exerted beneficial effects in the treatment of IBD by modulating microbial homeostasis while inhibiting Th17 cell differentiation and its associated pathways, providing a novel and promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of IBD. Keywords: intestinal bowel disease, Qingchang Wenzhong Decoction, microbial homeostasis, Th17 cells, mucosal immunity

Dan Ye,1 Ding Ding,1 Ling-Yun Pan,2 Qing Zhao,3 Long Chen,2 Min Zheng,1 Tong Zhang,1 Bing-Liang Ma1 1Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People’s Republic of China; 2Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Pharmacy, Jing’an District Zhabei Central Hospital, Shanghai, 200070, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Bing-Liang Ma; Tong Zhang, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200 Cai Lun Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201203, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-021-5132 2199 ; +86-021-5132 2318, Fax +86-021-5132 2192, Email bingliang.ma@hotmail.com; zhangtongshutcm@hotmail.comPurpose: Docetaxel (DTX) is a valuable anti-tumor chemotherapy drug with limited oral bioavailability. This study aims to develop an effective oral delivery system for DTX using natural nanoparticles (Nnps) derived from Coptidis Rhizoma extract.Methods: DTX-loaded self-assembled nanoparticles (Nnps-DTX) were created using an optimized heat-induction strategy. Nnps-DTX’s shape, size, Zeta potential, and in vitro stability were all carefully examined. Additionally, the study investigated the encapsulation efficiency, loading capacity, crystal form, and intermolecular interactions of DTX in Nnps-DTX. Subsequently, the solubility, release, cellular uptake, metabolic stability, and preclinical pharmacokinetics of DTX in Nnps-DTX were systematically evaluated. Finally, the cytotoxicity of Nnps-DTX was assessed in three tumor cell lines.Results: Nnps-DTX was spherical in shape, 138.6 ± 8.2 nm in size, with a Zeta potential of − 20.8 ± 0.6 mV, a DTX encapsulation efficiency of 77.6 ± 8.5%, and a DTX loading capacity of 6.8 ± 1.9%. Hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions, and electrostatic interactions were involved in the formation of Nnps-DTX. DTX within Nnps-DTX was in an amorphous form, resulting in enhanced solubility (23.3 times) and release compared to free DTX. Following oral treatment, the mice in the Nnps-DTX group had DTX peak concentrations 8.8, 23.4, 44.6, and 5.7 times higher in their portal vein, systemic circulation, liver, and lungs than the mice in the DTX group. Experiments performed in Caco-2 cells demonstrated a significant increase in DTX uptake by Nnps-DTX compared to free DTX, which was significantly inhibited by indomethacin, an inhibitor of caveolae-mediated endocytosis. Furthermore, compared to DTX, DTX in Nnps-DTX demonstrated better metabolic stability in liver microsomes. Notably, Nnps-DTX significantly reduced the viability of MCF-7, HCT116, and HepG2 cells.Conclusion: The novel self-assembled nanoparticles considerably enhanced the cellular absorption, solubility, release, metabolic stability, and pharmacokinetics of oral DTX and demonstrated strong cytotoxicity against tumor cell lines. Keywords: docetaxel, oral delivery, self-assembly, nanoparticles, pharmacokinetics, coptidis rhizoma

Thermal energy storage has very important prospects in many applications related to the use of renewable energies (solar energy, etc.) or other energy sources, such as waste heat from industrial processes. Thermochemical storage is very attractive for long-term storage, since it could be conducted at room temperature without energy losses. In the present paper, a novel nanocomposite material, Ca2−αZnα(OH)4, is prepared using coprecipitation methodology and is characterized by XRD and DSC tests. The XRD result shows that the grain size of the nano-composite ranges from 40 nm to 95 nm. The DSC test result shows that the nano-composite exhibits high thermal storage capacity: 764.5 J/g at α = 0.8555. Its thermal decomposition temperature was found to be approximately 180º. Itwas found possible to recover 63.25% of the stored heat energy.

Junjie Cheng,1,* Yuan Yuan,1,* Jinmeng Li,1 Ruoying Zhang,1 Xudong Fan,1 Zhirou Xu,2 Huirong Lin,3 Xinjun Cai,1 Mingfeng Zheng4 1Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Pharmacy, Taizhou Cancer Hospital, Taizhou, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Orthopaedics, Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Mingfeng Zheng; Xinjun Cai, Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310003, People’s Republic of China, Email zmfyxz3@163.com; zjtcmcxj@zcmu.edu.cnPurpose: Previous studies have indicated that the development of severe adverse events is associated with linezolid peak concentration (Cmax), but the factors affecting linezolid Cmax and evidences on therapeutic drug monitoring to anticipate toxicity in drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) patients have not been clarified clearly. This study aimed to explore the factors influencing linezolid Cmax and investigate the association between linezolid concentration and hematological toxicity.Patients and Methods: This study included patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis treated with linezolid from January 2022 to September 2023. We analyzed the factors affecting linezolid Cmax using chi-squared and binary logistic regression. The diagnostic utility of linezolid Cmax in predicting hematological toxicity was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.Results: A total of 76 patients were enrolled in the study. 63.20% met the standard rates for linezolid Cmax. Age (P=0.036), weight (P=0.0016), and creatinine clearance (P=0.0223) significantly correlated with the Cmax. Hematological toxicity was observed in 46.05% (35/76) of patients, characterized by thrombocytopenia (31.58%, 24/76), anemia (6.58%, 5/76), and leukopenia (21.05%, 16/76). ROC curve analysis confirmed the predictive value of linezolid Cmax for thrombocytopenia with an area under curve of 0.728.Conclusion: Suboptimal linezolid Cmax was prevalent among patients with DR-TB, with age, weight, and renal function emerging as influential factors. Elevated linezolid Cmax increases the risk of thrombocytopenia. Meticulous monitoring of linezolid Cmax is imperative during anti-DR-TB therapy to tailor treatment and mitigate hematological toxicity.Keywords: linezolid, therapeutic drug monitoring, influencing factors, hematological toxicity

Jing-Jing Huang,1,&ast; Lin Jia,2,3,&ast; Qiao-Jun Zhang,4 Hao-Hong Li,5 Da-Li Zheng,2 Ming Zheng3 1Second Department of Dental Implant, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, People’s Republic of China; 2Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Fujian Biological Materials Engineering and Technology Center of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350004, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, People’s Republic of China; 4Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361000, People’s Republic of China; 5College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350116, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Ming Zheng, Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yangqiao Middle Road, Fuzhou, 350001, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-591-83736431, Email zmdentist@163.com Da-Li Zheng, Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 88 Jiaotong Road, Fuzhou, 350004, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-591-83720599, Email dalizheng@fjmu.edu.cnPurpose: To investigate the inhibition of Streptococcus mutans (S.mutans) and its biofilm by AgBr-nanoparticles (NP) @CTMAB (cetyltrimethyl-ammonium bromide) and evaluate the changes in Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)’s surface roughness (Ra), microhardness, and flexural strength during prolonged immersion in AgBr-NP@CTMAB for application in the denture cleaning industry.Patients and Methods: The antibacterial activity of AgBr-NP@CTMAB against S.mutans was measured colony formation assay, OD600 and laser confocal microscopy. Changes in the specimens’ values for surface roughness, microhardness, and flexural strength (MPa) were measured after immersion solutions for 180 or 360 days.Results: The AgBr-NP@CTMAB solution exhibited a robust antibacterial effect on planktonic S. mutans, with a minimum bactericidal concentration of 5 μg/mL. The 10 μg/mL AgBr-NP@CTMAB solution efficiently inhibited S. mutans biofilm formation. (2) No significant difference in surface roughness after immersion in AgBr-NP@CTMAB (10 μg/mL and 20 μg/mL) comparing with distilled water (P > 0.05) and Polident had significantly higher than distilled water (P < 0.05). There was a significant decrease in the surface hardness of the PMMA specimens that were immersed in the Polident compared with those in distilled water (P < 0.05). While, no significant differences in surface hardness after immersion in the AgBr-NP@CTMAB (P > 0.05). The result of flexural strength suggested that there was no statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) between AgBr-NP@CTMAB as well as Polident and water.Conclusion: AgBrNP@CTMAB can efficiently inhibit the growth of plankton S.mutans and biofilm formation, without affecting the flexural strength, microhardness, or surface roughness of PMMA. Therefore, AgBrNP@CTMAB holds promise as a new denture cleaning agent.Keywords: AgBr-NP@CTMAB, S.mutans, polymethyl methacrylate, denture cleanser, biofilm

Wenxiu An,1,2 Lijie Bao,1,2 Chenyu Wang,1,2 Mingxin Zheng,3 Yan Zhao1,2 1Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology (Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute), Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Research on Gastrointestinal Tumor Combining Medicine with Engineering, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China; 3Neusoft Research of Intelligent Healthcare Technology, Co. Ltd, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yan Zhao, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, 110042, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-24-81916608, Email zhaoyan@cancerhosp-ln-cmu.comBackground: Gastric cancer (GC) has a poor prognosis, particularly in patients with liver metastasis (LM). This study aims to identify relevant factors associated with the occurrence of LM in GC patients and factors influencing the prognosis of gastric cancer with liver metastasis (GCLM) patients, in addition to developing diagnostic and prognostic nomograms specifically.Patients and Methods: Overall, 6184 training data were from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 2011 to 2015. 1527 validation data were from our hospital between January 2018 and December 2022. Logistic regression was used to identify the risk factors associated with the occurrence of LM in GC patients, Cox regression was used to confirm the prognostic factors of GCLM patients. Two nomogram models were established to predict the risk and overall survival (OS) of patients with GCLM. The performance of the two models was evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC), concordance index (C-index), and calibration curves.Results: A nomogram included five independent factors from multivariate logistic regression: sex, lymph node removal, chemotherapy, T stage and N stage were constructed to calculate the possibility of LM. Internal and external verifications of AUC were 0.786 and 0.885, respectively. The other nomogram included four independent factors from multivariate Cox regression: surgery at primary site, surgery at other site, chemotherapy, and N stage were constructed to predict OS. C-index for internal and external validations were 0.714 and 0.702, respectively, and the calibration curves demonstrated the robust discriminative ability of the models.Conclusion: Based on the SEER database and validation data, we defined effective nomogram models to predict risk and OS in patients with GCLM. They have important value in clinical decision-making and personalized treatment.Keywords: gastric cancer, liver metastasis, nomogram, SEER database, external validation

Jiali Liu,1,&ast; Yuanqiang Zhu,1,&ast; Yingjuan Chang,1,&ast; Ziliang Xu,1 Chen Wang,1 Pengpeng Zhang,1 Shuangxin Li,1 Wenxuan Yang,1 Rui An,1,2 Didi Wen,1 Jian Xu,1,2 Minwen Zheng1 1Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Interventional Surgery Center, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Minwen Zheng, Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 127&num; Changle West Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710032, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-29-84775421, Fax +86-29-84773732, Email zhengmw2007@163.com Jian Xu, Department of Interventional Surgery Center, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 127&num; Changle West Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710032, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-29-84775299, Fax +86-29-84775299, Email xujian771939@163.comPurpose: While prior research has highlighted a significant association between sleep characteristics and angina pectoris (AP) incidence, the link between sleep efficiency (SE) and angina remains unexplored. This study seeks to elucidate the relationship between AP and objectively quantified SE.Patients and Methods: We examined a cohort of 2990 participants (1320 males and 1670 females; mean age 63.69 ± 13.2 years) from the Sleep Heart Health Study. The main exposure variable was SE, as determined by baseline home polysomnography, while the primary outcome was the first incidence of angina pectoris (AP) during the period between the baseline polysomnography and the end of follow-up. A multivariate Cox regression model was utilized, controlling for factors such as age, gender, BMI, smoking and alcohol consumption habits, diabetes, hypertension, sleep duration, triglycerides, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, apnea-hypopnea index, nocturnal oxygen saturation, to analyze the relationship between SE and AP.Results: During an average follow-up of 11 years, 284 patients developed AP. The unadjusted Kaplan-Meier analysis identified the 2nd quartile of SE as having the lowest AP risk. The multivariate Cox proportional hazards model demonstrated a higher risk of AP in quartile 1 (HR, 1.679; 95% CI, 1.109– 2.542; P < 0.014) and quartile 3 (HR, 1.503; 95% CI, 1.037– 2.179; P < 0.031), compared to quartile 2 of SE. Upon stratified analysis, this relationship was particularly pronounced in hypertensive individuals.Conclusion: Our results highlight the critical role of optimal sleep efficiency in mitigating the risk of angina pectoris, especially among hypertensive individuals.Keywords: sleep efficiency, angina pectoris, polysomnography, cardiovascular risk, sleep heart health study, hypertension

Objective: To investigate the function of mitophagy in instructing T-cell differentiation of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Method: The mRNA and protein levels of optic atrophy protein-1 were detected in T cells from 94 RA patients and 37 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. The impact of mitophagy on the differentiation of T cells was determined by flow cytometry. The therapeutic effect of targeting mitophagy was explored in humanized RA chimeras. Results: Our study showed that T cells exerted high levels of mitophagy in RA patients. Since multiple T-cell subtypes play crucial roles in RA, we determined that mitophagy had a significant impact on the differentiation of tissue-resident memory T (Trm) cells, but not Th1 or Th17 cells. Importantly, we demonstrated that inhibiting mitophagy significantly reduced the number of Trm cells and downregulated inflammatory responses, as evidenced by diminished levels of T cell receptor β, interferon-γ, and interleukin-17A, in the humanized RA chimeras. Conclusions: Mitophagy is elevated in RA T cells, leading to maldifferentiation of Trm cells in RA patients. Since these findings were obtained from clinical patients, mitophagy may be a potential therapeutic target for RA treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The thin-film vapor-liquid-solid (TF-VLS) growth technique presents a promising route for high quality, scalable, and cost-effective InP thin films for optoelectronic devices. Toward this goal, careful optimization of material properties and device performance is of utmost interest. Here, we show that exposure of polycrystalline Zn-doped TF-VLS InP to a hydrogen plasma (in the following referred to as hydrogenation) results in improved optoelectronic quality as well as lateral optoelectronic uniformity. A combination of low temperature photoluminescence and transient photocurrent spectroscopy was used to analyze the energy position and relative density of defect states before and after hydrogenation. Notably, hydrogenation reduces the relative intragap defect density by 1 order of magnitude. As a metric to monitor lateral optoelectronic uniformity of polycrystalline TF-VLS InP, photoluminescence and electron beam induced current mapping reveal homogenization of the grain versus grain boundary upon hydrogenation. At the device level, we measured more than 260 TF-VLS InP solar cells before and after hydrogenation to verify the improved optoelectronic properties. Hydrogenation increased the average open-circuit voltage (VOC) of individual TF-VLS InP solar cells by up to 130 mV and reduced the variance in VOC for the analyzed devices.