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The technological requirements of low-power and high-fidelity color displays have been instrumental in driving research into advanced coloration technologies. At the forefront of these developments is the implementation of dye-free approaches, which overcome previous constraints related to color resolution and fading. Resonant dielectric nanostructures have emerged as a promising paradigm, showing great potential for high efficiency, high color saturation, wide gamut palette, and image reproduction. However, they still face limitations related to color accuracy, purity, and simultaneous brightness tunability. Here, we demonstrate an all-dielectric metasurface empowered by photonic bound states in the continuum (BICs), which supports sharp resonances throughout the visible spectral range, ideally suited for producing a wide range of structural colors. The metasurface design consists of TiO2 ellipses with carefully controlled sizes and geometrical asymmetry, allowing versatile and on-demand variation of the brightness and hue of the output colors, respectively.

Objective To investigate the effect of inhibiting the expression of RNA component of mitochondrial RNA processing endoribonuclease(RMRP) on the proliferation and invasion of human lung cancer cell line A549 in order to provide evidence to support the research on NSCLC mechanism. Methods A total of 122 cases of patients who underwent surgical treatment were selected in Jiaozuo People′s Hospital from March 2016 to March 2021. In the same period, 50 healthy people from physical examination center were selected as the control group. RT-qPCR was used to detect the expressions of RMRP in blood and tissues. Human lung cancer cell line A549 was cultured and divided into si-RMRP group, siRNA-NC group and blank group.RT-qPCR, CCK-8 and Transwell assays were used to detect the expression of RMRP, proliferation activity and cell counting of invasive cells. Results The relative expression level of RMRP in the blood of NSCLC patients was significantly higher than that of control group (P＜0.001). The relative expression level of RMRP in NSCLC tissues was significantly higher than the adjacent tissues (P＜0.001). The relative expression level of RMRP in blood and tissues of patients with poorly differentiated, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage Ⅲ compared with moderate to highly differentiated, no lymph node metastasis and TNM stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ were significantly increased (P＜0.05). The relative expression level of RMRP in the cells of the si-RMRP group was lower than that of blank and the siRNA-NC group (P＜0.001). Compared with the blank group and the siRNA-NC group, the absorbance (A) value of cells at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h in the si-RMRP group was decreased (P＜0.05). The number of invasion cells in the si-RMRP group was lower than that in the blank group and the siRNA-NC group (F=27.765, P＜0.001). Conclusions The relative expression levels of RMRP in blood and tissues of NSCLC patients are increased. Down-regulation of the expression of RMRP gene in A549 cells can inhibit cell proliferation and reduce cell invasion.

An unbalanced protocol recognition method based on the improved Residual U-Net was proposed to solve the challenge of network security posed by the increasing network attacks with the continuous development of the Internet.In the captured network traffic, a small proportion is constituted by malicious traffic, typically utilizing minority protocols.However, existing protocol recognition methods struggle to accurately identify these minority protocols when the class distribution of the protocol data is imbalanced.To address this issue, an unbalanced protocol recognition method was proposed, which utilized the improved Residual U-Net, incorporating a novel activation function and the Squeeze-and-Excitation Networks (SE-Net) to enhance the feature extraction capability.The loss function employed in the proposed model was the weighted Dice loss function.In cases where the recognition accuracies of the minority protocols were low, the loss function value would be high.Consequently, the optimization direction of the model would be dominated by the minority protocols, resulting in improved recognition accuracies for them.During the protocol recognition process, the network flow was extracted from the network traffic and preprocessed to convert it into a one-dimensional matrix.Subsequently, the protocol recognition model extracted the features of the protocol data, and the Softmax classifier predicted the protocol types.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed protocol recognition model achieves more accurate recognition of the minority protocols compared to the comparison model, while also improving the recognition accuracies of the majority protocols.

Interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features (IPAF) is a type of interstitial lung disease (ILD) with immune features that do not meet the diagnostic criteria for specific connective tissue diseases (CTDs). This retrospective case–control study investigated the role of serum B-cell-activating factor of the tumor necrosis factor family (BAFF) and interleukin (IL)-17 as biomarkers for IPAF. The differences in serum BAFF, IL-17, and IL-10 were compared among patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), IPAF, ILD associated with CTD (CTD-ILD), and healthy controls. The patients were treatment naïve. The correlations of BAFF with IL-10, IL-17, and pulmonary function were analyzed. The classifiable value of BAFF for IPAF was examined. The results showed that the serum levels of BAFF and IL-17 in the IPAF and CTD-ILD groups were higher than in the IPF group. High BAFF levels and high predicted diffusion capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO) were independent predictive factors for IPAF vs IPF. In the IPAF and CTD-ILD groups, serum BAFF levels were negatively correlated with predicted values of forced vital capacity (FVC%) and diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO%) and positively correlated with serum IL-17 and IL-10 levels. The cutoff value of combined BAFF and IL-17 was 0.704, and the sensitivity and specificity for classifying IPAF were 78.9 and 95.7%, respectively. In conclusion, combining serum BAFF and IL-17 as a biomarker may have classifiable value in differentiating IPAF from other forms of ILD.

With the rapid advancement of remote sensing technology, bitemporal remote sensing change detection (CD) techniques have also seen significant progress. However, existing CD tasks still face two challenges: 1) Variations in lighting and seasonal factors complicate imaging conditions, causing pseudovariation interference, and 2) the spatial distribution and shapes of building are diverse, leading to difficulties in extracting and utilizing effective change features. In this article, we propose the spatial-temporal evolution guided change detection network (STEGNet) to capture and fully utilize rich spatial-temporal information. Specifically, we develop the chrono colorizer to mitigate pseudovariant interference by standardizing color styles and enriching time series information. In addition, we introduce the temporal-spatial guidance module, which combines spatial-temporal information to guide the decoding operation and mitigate information loss during spatial-temporal fusion, resulting in finer prediction results. Experimental results on three benchmark datasets demonstrate that STEGNet effectively suppresses pseudovariation interference and significantly improves the integrity of detection boundaries.

Abstract Objective Bioengineered tracheal grafts are a potential solution for the repair of long‐segment tracheal defects. A recent advancement is partially decellularized tracheal grafts (PDTGs) which enable regeneration of host epithelium and retain viable donor chondrocytes for hypothesized benefits to mechanical properties. We propose a novel and tunable 3D‐printed bioreactor for creating large animal PDTG that brings this technology closer to the bedside. Methods Conventional agitated immersion with surfactant and enzymatic activity was used to partially decellularize New Zealand white rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) tracheal segments (n = 3). In parallel, tracheal segments (n = 3) were decellularized in the bioreactor with continuous extraluminal flow of medium and alternating intraluminal flow of surfactant and medium. Unprocessed tracheal segments (n = 3) were also collected as a control. The grafts were assessed using the H&E stain, tissue DNA content, live/dead assay, Masson's trichrome stain, and mechanical testing. Results Conventional processing required 10 h to achieve decellularization of the epithelium and submucosa with poor chondrocyte viability and mechanical strength. Using the bioreactor reduced processing time by 6 h and resulted in chondrocyte viability and mechanical strength similar to that of native trachea. Conclusion Large animal PDTG created using our novel 3D printed bioreactor is a promising approach to efficiently produce tracheal grafts. The bioreactor offers flexibility and adjustability favorable to creating PDTG for clinical research and use. Future research includes optimizing flow conditions and transplantation to assess post‐implant regeneration and mechanical properties. Level of Evidence NA.

Abstract Extensive tracheal injury or disease can be life-threatening but there is currently no standard of care. Regenerative medicine offers a potential solution to long-segment tracheal defects through the creation of scaffolds that support the generation of healthy neotissue. We developed decellularized tracheal grafts (PDTG) by removing the cells of the epithelium and lamina propria while preserving donor cartilage. We previously demonstrated that PDTG support regeneration of host-derived neotissue. Here, we use a combination of microsurgical, immunofluorescent, and transcriptomic approaches to compare PDTG neotissue with the native airway and surgical controls. We report that PDTG neotissue is composed of native tracheal cell types and that the neoepithelium and microvasculature persisted for at least 6 months. Vascular perfusion of PDTG was established within 2 weeks and the graft recruited multipotential airway stem cells that exhibit normal proliferation and differentiation. Hence, PDTG neotissue recapitulates the structure and function of the host trachea and has the potential to regenerate.

Epoxy resin-impregnated insulating paper （RIP）， the main insulation of wall bushings， is characterized by its uneven electric field distribution. The causes of insulation breakdown of the wall bushing in a flexible DC converter station are analyzed. Furthermore， the method of adding nano-SiO2 （silicon dioxide） to modify epoxy resin is adopted to improve the electrical and thermal properties of the bushing in view of the material characteristics of the epoxy resin core. The experiments show that the relative dielectric constant of the cured epoxy resin decreases to 4.23 （at 50 Hz）， the dielectric loss factor is 0.002 （at 50 Hz）， the breakdown field strength reaches 31 kV/mm， and the volume resistivity is 3.7×1013 Ω·m when the nano-SiO2 is added with a mass fraction of 4%. The effects of nano-SiO2 on the basic physical characteristics and main electrothermal characteristics of epoxy resin are summarized to further improve the electrical insulation properties of the wall bushing material.

Abstract There is currently no suitable autologous tissue to bridge large tracheal defects. As a result, no standard of care exists for long‐segment tracheal reconstruction. Tissue engineering has the potential to create a scaffold from allografts or xenografts that can support neotissue regeneration identical to the native trachea. Recent advances in tissue engineering have led to the idea of partial decellularization that allows for the creation of tracheal scaffolds that supports tracheal epithelial formation while preserving mechanical properties. However, the ability of partial decellularization to eliminate graft immunogenicity remains unknown, and understanding the immunogenic properties of partially decellularized tracheal grafts (PDTG) is a critical step toward clinical translation. Here, we determined that tracheal allograft immunogenicity results in epithelial cell sloughing and replacement with dysplastic columnar epithelium and that partial decellularization creates grafts that are able to support an epithelium without histologic signs of rejection. Moreover, allograft implantation elicits CD8+ T‐cell infiltration, a mediator of rejection, while PDTG did not. Hence, we establish that partial decellularization eliminates allograft immunogenicity while creating a scaffold for implantation that can support spatially appropriate airway regeneration.

Preterm infants face a significant risk of brain injury in the perinatal period, as well as potential long-term neurodevelopmental disabilities. However, preterm children with brain injury lack specific clinical manifestations in the early days. Therefore, timely and accurate diagnosis of brain injury is of vital importance. This study was to explore the diagnostic efficiency of myelin basic protein (MBP) and 8-oxo-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) serum levels in brain injury of premature infants. A total of 75 preterm infants with gestational age between 28 and 32 weeks and birth weight higher than 1,000 g were prospectively included. MBP serum levels were significantly higher in premature infants with white matter injury (WMI). 8-oxo-dG serum levels were significantly increased in both WMI and periventricular–intraventricular hemorrhages (PIVH). MBP and 8-oxo-dG were significantly correlated. The area under the curve was 0.811 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.667–0.955; p = 0.002] in MBP and 0.729 (95% CI 0.562–0.897; p = 0.020) in 8-oxo-dG. Therefore, the results showed that high MBP levels indicated a possibility of WMI in the premature brain during the early postnatal period, while high 8-oxo-dG levels were closely related to both WMI and PIVH, thus suggesting that MBP and 8-oxo-dG could be used as potential neuro-markers of preterm brain injury.

Objective: This study aimed to develop a method of rapid detection of tetracyclines including tetracycline, oxytetracycline, aureomycin and doxycyclin in aquatic products with deep eutectic solvents （DES） extraction and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry （UPLC-MS/MS）. Methods: Different parameters of DES, such as the types of solvents, molar ratio of solvents, water content, and pH value were optimized. Results: The optimum deep eutectic solvent conditions for the medicament analysis of four tetracyclines in aquatic products were choline chloride-glycerol combination（molar ratio 1∶4） with 90% moisture content and 0.1% formic acid. Under the control of these condition, the four types of tetracyclines could be significantly separated, with a linear correlation of 0.999 4 in the mass concentration range of 5.0~200.0 ng/mL and LOD of 20.0 μg/kg. The recovery of each target component ranged from 82.2% to 102.8%, and the RSD was less than 10%. The analytical method developed was used to detect four kinds of tetracyclines in different samples including 13 batches of commercially available aquatic products, one quality control （QC） sample, and one international proficiency testing sample. The result indicated that oxytetracycline and doxycycline could be detected in one batch of shrimp sample from the market with a concentration of 64.8 μg/kg, and 25.4 μg/kg, respectively, while the content of tetracyclines in QC sample and international proficiency testing sample were all within the limits of given characteristic values. Conclusion: The novel DES-UPLC-MS/MS method developed is feasible to both the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the tetracyclines in aquatic products, which an advantage of simple pre-processing and high accuracy and efficiency.

Based on the energy equilibrium, the computational formula of critical buckling length of multi-layer rock slope is derived. Considering interlayer and cross joints, the numerical manifold method is used to simulate the buckling evolution process of Malvern hills slope in New Zealand, and the theoretical calculation and numerical simulation results are compared with the field measured data. The results show that numerical manifold method can accurately simulate slope buckling failure process by preforming interlayer and cross joints. The process of slope buckling deformation and instability failure can be divided into interlayer dislocation-slight bending, slope toe traction-sharp uplift and accelerated sliding-landslide formation. Under the long-term action of self-weight, the evolution of slope buckling from formation to failure mainly includes three stages: initial bending, sharp bending and landslide formation. The angle between cross joint and slope normal is defined as β. Among the four kinds of cross joints with the angle β of 0°, 15°, 30° and 45°, the slope with 45° cross joint is most prone to slipping and bending deformation, the degree of buckling is the largest, and the number of time steps of slipping and bending is the least. When β is in the range of 30°−45°, the numerical simulation results are in good agreement with the reality.

In order to get accurate position tracking and effective system constraint together for tank gun control systems, a fuzzy system-based barrier adaptive iterative learning control scheme is proposed. Firstly, the error tracking strategy is applied to solve the initial position problem of tank gun iterative learning control systems. Then, a barrier Lyapunov function is adopted to controller design for the system constraint. In addition, a fuzzy system is used as an approximator to compensate for the nonparametric uncertainties, and difference learning learning approach is used to estimate the optimal parameters of fuzzy systems. It is shown that the system constraints are guaranteed and position tracking error converges to a tunable residual set as the iteration number increases.

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to examine whether academic performance is associated with students' athletic ability in primary school.MethodsA 3-year follow-up study was conducted among 1,136 Chinese students. Sit-up and jump rope testers were used to measure 1-min sit-ups and 1-min jump ropes, respectively. Meanwhile, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Scale and the Beck Depression Inventory were used to estimate sleep quality and depression levels. The end-of-semester examinations were used to evaluate students' academic performance during the follow-up period.ResultsAfter adjusting for confounders, the mean change in Chinese language performance for participants stratified by 1-min sit-ups at baseline was 0.35 (95% CI: −0.37 to 0.76) for level 1 (slowest), 0.52 (95% CI: −0.54 to 1.08) for level 2, and 1.72 (95% CI: 1.14 to 2.30) for level 3 (fastest) (P for trend = 0.003); the mean change in math scores was 0.28 (95% CI: −0.50 to 0.95) for level 1 (slowest), 0.95 (95% CI: 0.38 to 1.52) for level 2, and 1.41 (95% CI: 0.82 to 1.99) for level 3 (fastest) (P for trend = 0.048). The mean change in foreign language scores was −0.45 (95% CI: −0.99 to −0.93) for level 1 (slowest), −0.14 (95% CI: −0.44 to 0.41) for level 2, and 0.69 (95% CI: 0.25 to 1.13) for level 3 (fastest) (P for trend = 0.004). The mean change in Chinese language performance for participants stratified by 1-min jump ropes at the baseline was 0.30 (95% CI: −0.16 to 0.76) for level 1 (slowest), 1.09 (95% CI: 0.42 to 1.76) for level 2, and 1.74 (95% CI: 1.14 to 2.35) for level 3 (fastest) (P for trend = 0.001). The mean change in math scores was 0.41 (95% CI: −0.11 to 0.92) for level 1 (slowest), 1.44 (95% CI: 0.69 to 2.19) for level 2, and 1.43 (95% CI: 0.76 to 2.10) for level 3 (fastest) (P for trend = 0.019). The mean change in foreign language performance was −0.71 (95% CI: −1.08 to −0.33) for level 1 (slowest), 0.95 (95% CI: −0.40 to 1.50) for level 2, and 0.91 (95% CI: 0.41 to 1.41) for level 3 (fastest) (P for trend < 0.001).ConclusionThis study suggests that participation in jump rope and sit-up exercises may positively affect students' academic performance.

Fracture is one of the most common failure modes of materials and components and greatly restricts engineering design. Understanding of the crack propagation and evolution of rock and other engineering materials is of great significance to engineering construction. For the current numerical methods there are more or less limitations when analyzing the evolution of cracks, such as the mesh dependence of the crack path, the difficulty to deal with crack bifurcation and merging by the classic fracture criterion. In recent years, the phase field method (PFM) has been widely used in simulating crack growth. A phase field numerical manifold method (PFNMM) makes use of the advantages of the phase field method in simulating crack propagation and those of the numerical manifold method (NMM), is proposed for crack growth in rock. The implementation details of the proposed numerical model are presented. Several benchmark examples, including notched semi-circular bend test and Brazilian disc test, are adopted to validate the proposed numerical approach. After that, the multi-crack propagation process with different rock bridge inclination angles under uniaxial compression is simulated, which is in good agreement with the results derived from laboratory and PFC. And the results indicate that the PFNMM has broad application prospects in simulating crack growth of rock.

In order to solve the problem of limited bandwidth and large overall size of leaky-wave antenna, a new wide-band leaky-wave antenna is proposed in this paper. The antenna is composed of surface plasmon polaritons transmission lines and asymmetric circular patches. It works at 7~15 GHz (relative bandwidth of 72.73%), enabling continuous beam scanning from backward to forward with a beam scanning angle of 69°and a stable high radiation gain. The maximum gain of the antenna in simulation reaches 13.1 dBi and the measured gain variation is only 1.64 dB. The test results are good agree with the simulation results. The proposed leaky-wave antenna has the advantages of simple structure, stable performance and easy fabrication. Furthermore, the overall size of the antenna is comparatively small, which makes it conducive to the conformable integration in wireless communication systems.

Mucosecretory lung disease compromises airway epithelial function and is characterized by goblet cell hyperplasia and ciliated cell hypoplasia. Goblet and ciliated cell types are derived from tracheobronchial stem/progenitor cells via a Notch-dependent mechanism. Although specific arrays of Notch receptors regulate cell fate determination, the function of the ligands Jagged1 (JAG1) and JAG2 is unclear. This study examined JAG1 and JAG2 function using human air-liquid-interface cultures that were treated with γ-secretase complex (GSC) inhibitors, neutralizing peptides/antibodies, or WNT/β-catenin pathway antagonists/agonists. These experiments revealed that JAG1 and JAG2 regulated cell fate determination in the tracheobronchial epithelium; however, their roles did not adhere to simple necessity and sufficiency rules. Biochemical studies indicated that JAG1 and JAG2 underwent posttranslational modifications that resulted in generation of a JAG1 C-terminal peptide and regulated the abundance of full-length JAG2 on the cell surface. GSC and glycogen synthase kinase 3 were implicated in these posttranslational events, but WNT agonist/antagonist studies and RNA-Seq indicated a WNT-independent mechanism. Collectively, these data suggest that posttranslational modifications create distinct assemblies of JAG1 and JAG2, which regulate Notch signal strength and determine the fate of tracheobronchial stem/progenitor cells.

We tested composite tracheal grafts (CTG) composed of a partially decellularized tracheal graft (PDTG) combined with a 3-dimensional (3D)-printed airway splint for use in long-segment airway reconstruction. CTG is designed to recapitulate the 3D extracellular matrix of the trachea with stable mechanical properties imparted from the extraluminal airway splint. We performed segmental orthotopic tracheal replacement in a mouse microsurgical model. MicroCT was used to measure graft patency. Tracheal neotissue formation was quantified histologically. Airflow dynamic properties were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics. We found that CTG are easily implanted and did not result in vascular erosion, tracheal injury, or inflammation. Graft epithelialization and endothelialization were comparable with CTG to control. Tracheal collapse was absent with CTG. Composite tracheal scaffolds combine biocompatible synthetic support with PDTG, supporting the regeneration of host epithelium while maintaining graft structure.

The Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion takes on the simplest form in the Mohr stress space, which has thus been most extensively applied in limit analysis and limit equilibrium methods because of its accuracy. However, the Mohr-Coulomb yield surface in the stress space is non-smooth, causing huge troubles to the constitutive integration in the deformation based finite element plasticity analysis. In addressing strength problems, meanwhile, solvers based on the load controlled method (LCM) are hard to bring the finite element model to the limit equilibrium state. Aiming at these issues, the solution schemes are proposed as follows. First, an algorithm named GSPC is designed for the constitutive integration for plasticity with non-smooth yield surfaces. GSPC is always convergent for arbitrary large strain increments, with far more excellent numerical properties than the return-mapping methods available. A solver based on the displacement controlled method (DCM) is developed fitted for the finite element plasticity analysis. The DCM solver is able to bring easily the finite element model into the limit equilibrium state, with no convergence issue, and far more efficient and robust than any LCM solvers. At the same time, a formula is derived for the computation of partial derivatives of principal stresses with respect to stress components. At last, combined with the strength reduction method, the secant method for the factor of safety of slopes is developed, and the location and depth of tension cracks at the slope top are proposed.

Objective: To reduce the toxicity and side effects of arsenic trioxide (ATO) and provide a new approach for the treatment of primary liver cancer, a folic acid-modified calcium arsenite liposomal “target-controlled” drug delivery system (FA-LP-CaAs) was fabricated using the reverse microemulsion method. Methods: A Malvern particle size analyzer and a transmission electron microscope were employed to determine the particle size, distribution, zeta potential and morphology of FA-LP-CaAs. Further, inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry was employed to determine the drug loading capacity, entrapment efficiency, and in vitro release behavior of FA-LP-CaAs. To determine its toxicity in human hepatoma cells (HepG2) and human normal hepatocytes (LO2) and its effect on HepG2 cell cycle and apoptosis, the MTT method was used. Laser confocal and flow cytometry were also employed to determine the uptake of FA-LP-CaAs by cells. After establishing a mouse liver cancer model, the in vivo distribution of the drug included in the formulation was investigated using in vivo fluorescence. To evaluate the liver cancer targeting and anti-tumor effects of FA-LP-CaAs in vivo, the distribution of ATO in tissues and changes in tumor volume and body weight after liposomal administration were investigated using hematoxylin-eosin (HE)-stained tumor sections. Results: The particle size, zeta potential and PDI of FA-LP-CaAs were (122.67 ± 2.18) nm, (12.81 ± 0.75) mV and 0.22 ± 0.01, respectively, while its drug loading capacity was 18.49% ± 1.14%. In vitro experimental results revealed that FA-LP-CaAs had a strong killing effect on HepG2 cells. Further, the cell uptake capacity of this formulation was found to improve. Based on in vivo assessments, FA-LP-CaAs could significantly increase the distribution of ATO in tumor sites and inhibit tumor growth. Conclusions: Herein, an FA-LP-CaAs formulation was successfully fabricated. This liposomal drug delivery system had a round appearance, uniform particle size, good polydispersity coeffi-cient, evident “core-shell” structure, high drug loading capacity and pH response, tumor targeted drug delivery and sustained drug release. These findings support further research and the application of ATO as an anti-liver cancer prodrug and provide a new method for the treatment of liver cancer.

RAS mutations occur in a broad spectrum of human hematopoietic malignancies. Activating Ras mutations in blood cells leads to hematopoietic malignancies in mice. In murine hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), mutant N-RasG12D activates Stat5 to dysregulate stem cell function. However, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. In this study, we demonstrate that Stat5 activation induced by a hyperactive Nras mutant, G12D, is dependent on Jak2 activity. Jak2 is activated in Nras mutant HSCs and progenitors (HSPCs), and inhibiting Jak2 with ruxolitinib significantly decreases Stat5 activation and HSPC hyper-proliferation in vivo in NrasG12D mice. Activation of Jak2-Stat5 is associated with downregulation of Socs2, an inhibitory effector of Jak2/Stat5. Restoration of Socs2 blocks NrasG12D HSC reconstitution in bone marrow transplant recipients. SOCS2 downregulation is also observed in human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells that carry RAS mutations. RAS mutant AML cells exhibited suppression of the enhancer active marker H3K27ac at the SOCS2 locus. Finally, restoration of SOCS2 in RAS mutant AML cells mitigated leukemic growth. Thus, we discovered a novel signaling feedback loop whereby hyperactive Ras signaling activates Jak2/Stat5 via suppression of Socs2.

At present, there are many kinds of intelligent training equipment in tennis sports, but they all need human control. If a single tennis player uses the robot to return the ball, it will save some human resources. This study aims to improve the recognition rate of tennis sports robots in the return action and the return strategy. The human-oriented motion recognition of the tennis sports robot is taken as the starting point to recognize and analyze the return action of the tennis sports robot. The OpenPose traversal dataset is used to recognize and extract human motion features of tennis sports robots under different classifications. According to the return characteristics of the tennis sports robot, the method of tennis return strategy based on the support vector machine (SVM) is established, and the SVM algorithm in machine learning is optimized. Finally, the return strategy of tennis sports robots under eight return actions is analyzed and studied. The results reveal that the tennis sports robot based on the SVM-Optimization (SVM-O) algorithm has the highest return recognition rate, and the average return recognition rate is 88.61%. The error rates of the backswing, forward swing, and volatilization are high in the return strategy of tennis sports robots. The preparation action, backswing, and volatilization can achieve more objective results in the analysis of the return strategy, which is more than 90%. With the increase of iteration times, the effect of the model simulation experiment based on SVM-O is the best. It suggests that the algorithm proposed has a reliable accuracy of the return strategy of tennis sports robots, which meets the research requirements. Human motion recognition is integrated with the return motion of tennis sports robots. The application of the SVM-O algorithm to the return action recognition of tennis sports robots has good practicability in the return action recognition of tennis sports robot and solves the problem that the optimization algorithm cannot be applied to the real-time requirements. It has important research significance for the application of an optimized SVM algorithm in sports action recognition.

In 2015, the largest recorded harmful algal bloom (HAB) occurred in the Northeast Pacific, causing nearly 100 million dollars in damages to fisheries and killing many protected marine mammals. Dominated by the toxic diatom Pseudo-nitzschia australis, this bloom produced high levels of the neurotoxin domoic acid (DA). Through molecular and transcriptional characterization of 52 near-weekly phytoplankton net-tow samples collected at a bloom hotspot in Monterey Bay, California, we identified active transcription of known DA biosynthesis (dab) genes from the three identified toxigenic species, including P. australis as the primary origin of toxicity. Elevated expression of silicon transporters (sit1) during the bloom supports the previously hypothesized role of dissolved silica (Si) exhaustion in contributing to bloom physiology and toxicity. We find that coexpression of the dabA and sit1 genes serves as a robust predictor of DA one week in advance, potentially enabling the forecasting of DA-producing HABs. We additionally present evidence that low levels of iron could have colimited the diatom population along with low Si. Iron limitation represents an overlooked driver of both toxin production and ecological success of the low-iron-adapted Pseudo-nitzschia genus during the 2015 bloom, and increasing pervasiveness of iron limitation may fuel the escalating magnitude and frequency of toxic Pseudo-nitzschia blooms globally. Our results advance understanding of bloom physiology underlying toxin production, bloom prediction, and the impact of global change on toxic blooms.

Abstract Since the classical weighted essentially non-oscillatory (WENO) scheme is proposed, various improved versions have been developed, and a typical one is the WENO-Z scheme. Although better resolution is achieved, it is shown in this article that, the result of WENO-Z scheme suffers evident distortion in the long-time simulation of the linear advection equation. In order to fix the problem of WENO-Z, a symmetry-preserving mapping method is proposed in this article. In the original mapping method, the weight of each sub-stencil is used to map, which is demonstrated to cause asymmetric improvement about a discontinuity. This asymmetric improvement will lead to a distorted solution, more severe with longer output time. In the symmetry-preserving mapping method, a new variable related to the smoothness indicator is selected to map, which has the same ideal value for each sub-stencil. Using the new mapping method can not only fix the distortion problem of WENO-Z, but also improve the numerical resolution. Several benchmark problems are conducted to show the improved performance of the resultant scheme.

Blue-emissive nanocrystals (NCs) with high photoluminescence quantum yields (PL QYs) and excellent stability are essential for lighting and displays. Here, a facile top-down approach (including two steps: thermal annealing and ultrasonic treatment) by using aluminum acetylacetonate (Al(acac)3) as a precursor is adopted to fabricate blue-emissive Al(acac)3 NCs with high PL QY reaching 81.8%, the highest reported value for the aluminum compound-based NCs so far. Additionally, the as-fabricated Al(acac)3 NC solution (in toluene) exhibits high stability under air atmosphere condition, maintaining 61.2% of initial PL QY after 1 year. Furthermore, solution-processed Al(acac)3 NCs/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) composite film with blue emission is demonstrated. Finally, combinations of the blue-emitting Al(acac)3 NCs/PMMA composite film with red-emitting and green-emitting CuInS2 composite films are realized, resulting in remote ultraviolet-pumped white light-emitting diodes with a high color rendering index of 91. These findings inform new blue-emissive NCs and composite films, potentially paving the way to design new structures of lighting and display devices.

Dizziness is an atypical symptom of the nervous system. Many neurological disorders can manifest as dizziness. When patients have multiple neurological disorders, the most obvious diagnosis is often considered, and diseases that are potentially more deadly are overlooked. Here, we report the case of a man aged in his early 50s with dizziness who was found to have four neurological disorders. A series of treatments failed to resolve the condition. A review of this case highlights that when a patient’s symptoms are not typical, a comprehensive examination and evaluation is required to determine the etiology, and imaging may reveal further minor problems.

Under the background of the continuous improvement of the scale of modern petroleum engineering construction in our country, the level of oilfield development technology has been improved in an all-round way, which provides sufficient resources for the development of society. In the process of oilfield development, it is necessary to do a good job in the analysis of the geological characteristics of the reservoir to clarify the basic geological characteristics of the reservoir, based on which the development of the oilfield can improve the scientific work of reservoir development. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the analysis of geological characteristics and strengthen the innovation of exploration and development technology. Therefore, this paper will conduct in-depth research and analysis on the geological characteristics of the reservoir and development countermeasures, and summarize some measures based on practical experience, in order to be helpful to the related engineering.

To reverse the early-stage relapse post-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, we investigated the safety and efficacy of a new epigenetic regimen (chidamide and decitabine plus thymalfasin simultaneously) on acute myeloid leukemia patients (excluding acute promyelocytic leukemia). Twenty-four patients were enrolled in this observational study during April 2015 to May 2018. The most common adverse event was reversible CTCAE grade 2 thrombocytopenia (20/24). Strikingly, all 24 patients had response to this epigenetic regimen accompanied with decreased measurable residual disease. The overall survival rate is 79.2% (19/24), with a relapse-free survival rate of 79.2% (19/24). During this regimen treatment, Th1 cells and CD3+CD4-CD8+T cells increased, and Th17 cells decreased gradually. The status of high Th1 and low Th17 cells was still observed on the 3rd month after discontinuation of this regimen. Interestingly, the significantly elevated ratio of Th1/Th17 seemed to reflect the treatment-related immune effect, which may be a valuable marker to be monitored in the early-relapse stage for evaluating the efficacy and prognosis.

Decellularized tracheal scaffolds offer a potential solution for the repair of long-segment tracheal defects. However, complete decellularization of trachea is complicated by tracheal collapse. We created a partially decellularized tracheal scaffold (DTS) and characterized regeneration in a mouse model of tracheal transplantation. All cell populations except chondrocytes were eliminated from DTS. DTS maintained graft integrity as well as its predominant extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. We then assessed the performance of DTS in vivo. Grafts formed a functional epithelium by study endpoint (28 days). While initial chondrocyte viability was low, this was found to improve in vivo . We then used atomic force microscopy to quantify micromechanical properties of DTS, demonstrating that orthotopic implantation and graft regeneration lead to the restoration of native tracheal rigidity. We conclude that DTS preserves the cartilage ECM, supports neo-epithelialization, endothelialization and chondrocyte viability, and can serve as a potential solution for long-segment tracheal defects.

The second generation of blockchain represented by smart contracts has been developing vigorously in recent years. However, frequent smart contract vulnerability incidents pose a serious risk to blockchain ecosystem security. Since current symbol execution tools often fall into path explosion and thus lead to inefficient detection, this paper expands Mythril's framework to optimize its performance. Firstly, it finds out potential vulnerable code regions using static analysis and identifies critical paths that may have security defects. Then, aiming at the problem that traditional search algorithms cannot actively locate and explore critical paths, this paper presents a multi-objective oriented path search (MOPS) strategy based on path priority. This strategy guides dynamic symbolic execution to cover critical paths quickly, avoiding blind traversal of program execution paths. Finally, it describes security rules and proposes corresponding detection logics for different vulnerability categories. This paper analyzes over 1000 smart contracts extracted from Etherscan. Compared with existing tools based on symbolic execution, the proposed method can reduce time consumption by around 35% while ensuring the accuracy of vulnerability detection. Moreover, existing tools often issue warnings that do not actually cause financial losses. But the proposed method only concentrates on code regions related to transfer of funds, so it can reduce the false alarm rate to some extent.

BackgroundTriple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a type of highly invasive breast cancer with poor prognosis. Recently, massive data reveal that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in cancer progress. Recently, although the role of lncRNAs in breast cancer has been well documented, few focused on TNBC. In this study, we aimed to systematically identify functional lncRNAs and to explore its molecular mechanism on TNBC progress.MethodsThe recurrence of lncRNAs and their target genes were validated with TNBC biopsies and cell lines. Total one hundred and thirteen TNBC biopsies, including nineteen patient-matched samples, were collected. The profile of TNBC-related lncRNAs and their target genes were characterized by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and bioinformatic analysis. Tumor specific lncRNAs, which also showed biological function correlated with TNBC, were identified as potential candidates; and the target genes, which regulated by the identified lncRNAs, were predicted by the analysis of expression correlation and chromosome colocalization. Cross bioinformatic validation was performed with TNBC independent datasets from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA). The biological functions and molecular mechanism were investigated in TNBC model cell lines by cell colony forming assay, flow cytometry assay, western-blot, RNA Fluorescence in situ Hybridization assay (RNA FISH) and chromatin immunoprecipitation-qPCR (ChIP-qPCR).ResultsAbundant Lnc-BTG3-7:1, which targets gene C21ORF91, was specifically observed in TNBC biopsies and cell lines. Knockdown of Lnc-BTG3-7:1 or C21ORF91 strongly inhibited cell proliferation, promoted cell apoptosis and cell cycle G1-arrested. Meanwhile, investigation of molecular mechanism indicated that Lnc-BTG3-7:1, cooperated with transcription factor JUND, cis-regulated the transcription of C21ORF91 gene, and down-regulation of Lnc-BTG3-7:1/C21ORF91 suppressed GRB2-RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK and GRB2-PI3K-AKT-GSK3β-β-catenin pathways.ConclusionsIn this study, we identified a TNBC specific lncRNA Lnc-BTG3-7:1, which sustained tumor progress. Up-regulation of Lnc-BTG3-7:1 promoted the transcription of oncogene C21ORF91 and activated PI3K-AKT-GSK3β-β-catenin and MAPK pathways. Taken together, our results not only identified a biomarker for diagnosis but also provided a potential therapeutic target against TNBC.

A combination of experiments and molecular simulations was used to analyze the influence of different humidity values on the adsorption of CO2 on the surface of bituminous coal. First, the fixed bed dynamic adsorption method was used. A self-developed dynamic humidity control adsorption device was used to measure the penetration curves at different CO2 concentrations in the dry and wet states and to analyze the relevant dynamic processes. Second, molecular simulations were used to construct an amorphous cell model similar to the experimental sample, and the adsorption process and density distribution were simulated and analyzed. Finally, a comparative analysis of experimental and simulated data was performed. The results of the experiment showed that the CO2 adsorption of coal samples increased from 0.0291 mmol g−1 to 0.0871 mmol g−1 upon increasing the CO2 concentration. At low CO2 concentrations, the presence of water vapor inhibited CO2 adsorption on the surface of bituminous coal, advanced the CO2 breakthrough curve, and decreased the adsorption amount. This phenomenon gradually became more apparent upon increasing the CO2 concentration. When the CO2 concentration reached 4%, the adsorption reduction affected by water vapor reached the critical value of 5.5%, the adsorption capacity of the inhibited group was 0.0515 mmol g−1, and then the effect gradually weakened. When the CO2 concentration reached 7%, the adsorption capacity was almost unaffected by water vapor.

Efficient harvest of solar energy beyond the silicon absorption edge of 1100 nm by semiconductor solar cells remains a challenge. Here Sun et al. mix high multi-bandgap lead sulfide colloidal quantum dot ensembles to further increase both short circuit current and open circuit voltage.

Application of 1-butyl-3-metyhlimidazaolium hexafluorophosphate ([C4mim][PF6]), in the extraction of rubidium and cesium from brine solutions using 1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaoxacyclooctadecane (18C6) as extractant was investigated. Parameters that affect the extraction including pH of aqueous phase, equilibration time, dosage of the ionic liquid, phase ratio, concentration of 18C6 were studied. Under the optimal conditions, the single extraction efficiency of rubidium ions and cesium ions were up 84.11% and 94.99%, respectively. The stripping of alkali metal ions from the loaded organic phase with different stripping agents and concentrations were also investigated. The initial value of the K/Cs and K/Rb ratios were 93.0 and 104.3, respectively, which have dropped 91.21% and 88.01%, respectively, after the extraction and stripping experiments. It was taken a big step in the separation and enrichment of cesium (rubidium) ion and potassium ion. The extraction mechanism was revealed most likely to be a cation exchange mode in this system.

Epigenetics has been recognized as a significant regulator in many diseases. White adipose tissue (WAT) epigenetic dysregulation is associated with systemic insulin resistance (IR). The aim of this study was to survey the differential methylation of genes in obese women with systemic insulin resistance by DNA methylation microarray.

Traditional cloud computing trust models mainly focused on the calculation of the trust of users’ behavior.In the process of classification and evaluation,there were some problems such as ignorance of content security and lack of trust division verification.Aiming to solve these problems,cloud computing users’ public safety trust model based on scorecard-random forest was proposed.Firstly,the text was processed using Word2Vec in the data preprocessing stage.The convolution neural network (CNN) was used to extract the sentence features for user content tag classification.Then,scorecard method was used to filter the strong correlation index.Meanwhile,in order to establish the users’ public safety trust evaluation model in cloud computing,a random forest method was applied.Experimental results show that the proposed users’ public safety trust evaluation model outperforms the general trust evaluation model.The proposed model can effectively distinguish malicious users from normal users,and it can improve the efficiency of the cloud computing users management.

The AZ91D magnesium alloy samples were scanned by millisecond pulse Nd:YAG laser under high pure argon protection. The surface morphology, microstructure and composition of the treated magnesium alloy were studied by X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy. In addition, the corrosion surface which was corroded using simulated body fluid and the mass fraction of 3.5%NaCl solution was observed and material corrosion rate was calculated. The results show that, at the same corrosion time, compared with the untreated samples, the surface corrosion resistance is improved by the enrichment of Al at the irradiated surface by the joint effect of the combination of refined homogeneous microstructure of α-Mg phase and β-Mg17Al12 phase and the selective vaporization and the chemical composition of base metal in the laser-treated AZ91D alloy; the solidification equation is obtained by calculating the relation between the size of the dendrite cell and the cooling rate in laser melting zone.

PURPOSE: The OlympiA randomized phase III trial compared 1 year of olaparib (OL) or placebo (PL) as adjuvant therapy in patients with germline BRCA1/2, high-risk human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative early breast cancer after completing (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy ([N]ACT), surgery, and radiotherapy. The patient-reported outcome primary hypothesis was that OL-treated patients may experience greater fatigue during treatment. METHODS: Data were collected before random assignment, and at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. The primary end point was fatigue, measured with the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue scale. Secondary end points, assessed with the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire, Core 30 item, included nausea and vomiting (NV), diarrhea, and multiple functional domains. Scores were compared between treatment groups using mixed model for repeated measures. Two-sided P values

Infection, autoimmunity, and cancer are principal human health challenges of the 21st century. Often regarded as distinct ends of the immunological spectrum, recent studies hint at potential overlap between these diseases. For example, inflammation can be pathogenic in infection and autoimmunity. T resident memory (TRM) cells can be beneficial in infection and cancer. However, these findings are limited by size and scope; exact immunological factors shared across diseases remain elusive. Here, we integrate large-scale deeply clinically and biologically phenotyped human cohorts of 526 patients with infection, 162 with lupus, and 11,180 with cancer. We identify an NKG2A+ immune bias as associative with protection against disease severity, mortality, and autoimmune/post-acute chronic disease. We reveal that NKG2A+ CD8+ T cells correlate with reduced inflammation and increased humoral immunity and that they resemble TRM cells. Our results suggest NKG2A+ biases as a cross-disease factor of protection, supporting suggestions of immunological overlap between infection, autoimmunity, and cancer.