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The nonlocality of an entangled qubit pair can be recycled for several Bell experiments. Here, we go beyond standard Bell scenarios and investigate the recycling of nonlocal resources in a quantum network. First, we show that the ability to recycle nonlocality can be independent of the size of the network. Then, we realize a photonic quantum 3-branch star network in which three sources of entangled pairs independently connect three outer parties with a central node. After measuring, each outer party respectively relays their system to an independent secondary measuring party. We experimentally demonstrate that the outer parties can perform unsharp measurements that are strong enough to violate a network Bell inequality with the central party, but weak enough to maintain sufficient entanglement in the network to allow the three secondary parties to do the same. Moreover, the violations are strong enough to exclude any model based on standard projective measurements on the EPR pairs emitted in the network. Our experiment brings together the research program of recycling quantum resources with that of Bell nonlocality in networks.

Purpose Autophagy is a double-edged sword. The purpose of this study was to investigate the signal transduction pathway of esmolol (ES) interfered with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cardiomyocyte autophagy. Methods Sepsis was induced by intraperitoneal injection of LPS (10mg/kg) in male Sprague- Dawley rats (250–300) g, which were treated with ES (15mg/kg·h), 3-methyladenine (3-MA, 15mg/kg) and rapamycin (RAP, 4mg/kg) respectively for twelve hours. The severity of myocardial necrosis was analyzed by hematoxylin- eosin (HE) staining. The expression quantity of autophagy protein in myocardial tissue was detected by Western blotting. Results LPS-induced increase in the expression of p- mTOR as well as decrease in the expression of LC3-II, Beclin-1, p-AMPK and p-ULK1 was also inhibited by pretreatment with ES or rapamycin (agonists of autophagy). On the contrary, 3-MA didn’t play a role in enhancing LPS-induced autophagy inhibition. Conclusion This study suggests that ES may provide a new strategy for treatment of sepsis cardiomyopathy through activating the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 signal pathway-regulated autophagy.

While Bell nonlocality of a bipartite system is counter-intuitive, multipartite nonlocality in our many-body world turns out to be even more so. Recent theoretical study reveals in a theory-agnostic manner that genuine multipartite nonlocal correlations cannot be explained by any causal theory involving fewer-partite nonclassical resources and global shared randomness. Here we provide a Bell-type inequality as a test for genuine multipartite nonlocality in network by exploiting a matrix representation of the causal structure of a multipartite system. We further present experimental demonstrations that both four-photon GHZ state and generalized four-photon GHZ state significantly violate the inequality, i.e., the observed four-partite correlations resist explanations involving three-way nonlocal resources subject to local operations and common shared randomenss, hence confirming that nature is boundless multipartite nonlocal.

Rui-huan Gan,1,* Li-song Lin,2,* Jing Xie,3–5,* Li Huang,2,4 Lin-can Ding,2 Bo-hua Su,2 Xian-e Peng,1,5 Da-li Zheng,4,5 You-guang Lu1,3 1Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated First Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350000, People’s Republic of China; 4Key Laboratory of Stomatology of Fujian Province, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, People’s Republic of China; 5Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: You-guang LuDepartment of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yang Qiao Middle Road, Fuzhou 350000, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 591 8373 6429Fax +86 591 8372 0599Email fjlyg63@fjmu.edu.cnXian-e PengDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xue Yuan Road, University Town, Fuzhou 350122, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 138 0951 6580Fax +86 591 8372 0599Email fmuxe@163.comPurpose: The Notch signaling pathway plays an oncogenic role in tongue squamous cell carcinoma. The aim of this study was to inhibit the proliferation and self-renewal of tongue cancer cells by applying Notch signaling pathway inhibitor FLI-06 (Selleck, USA) and to lay a foundation for the clinically targeted treatment of tongue cancer for the future.Methods: The mRNA expression level of Notch1 and the overall survival rate of patients with tongue cancer were examined by analyzing the TCGA database. Tongue cancer cells were treated with FLI-06. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, and stem cell self-renewal ability were tested in appropriate ways. A xenograft mouse model was established to observe tumor growth.Results: From the TCGA data, we demonstrated that patients with high expression of Notch1 had a poor prognosis. We observed that the Notch signaling pathway inhibitor FLI-06 can restrain the activation of the Notch signaling pathway, decrease cell proliferation and induce cell apoptosis in vitro. The xenograft experiment indicated that intraperitoneal injection of FLI-06 inhibited tumor growth and increased cell apoptosis. FLI-06 suppressed both the mRNA and protein expression of Notch receptor and Notch targeted genes. We also observed that FLI-06 suppressed the proliferation of tongue cancer stem cells.Conclusion: FLI-06 can block the proliferation and self-renewal of tongue cancer cells. It is inferred that this compound, which inhibits the Notch signaling pathway, may serve as a potential targeted drug for the treatment of tongue cancer in the clinic.Keywords: tongue cancer, Notch signaling pathway, Notch inhibitor, cancer stem cells

The Jiawula Ag–Pb–Zn deposit is located in the northern part of the Great Xing'an Range metallogenic belt within the eastern segment of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. Here, we report results from muscovite ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar geochronology and fluid inclusion study and formulate a vertical projection map of the ore grade in this deposit. The muscovite from the Jiawula deposit yields a plateau age of 133.27 ± 0.66 Ma and a ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar isochron age of 131.88 ± 0.83 Ma. The muscovite ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar data indicate a discrete second hydrothermal event postdating the mineralization, which we correlate with post‐collisional extension after the subduction direction of the Palaeo‐Pacific Plate changed. Low‐salinity aqueous fluid inclusions in quartz from the Jiawula deposit represent meteoric water or groundwater. Based on the fluid inclusion study, the fluids were trapped during cooling and decompression, which may have resulted in metal precipitation. We envisage that the copper precipitated from a high‐temperature fluid in the southern domain whereas lead, zinc, and silver precipitated at a lower temperature in the north. The spatial distribution of the ore‐forming elements, therefore, reflects the ore fluid migration‐cooling path from the south to north.

The all-photonic quantum repeater (APQR) is a promising repeater scheme to realize long-distance quantum communication. For a practical APQR, an indispensable requirement is the robustness of the repeater graph state (RGS) against photon loss. We propose a new loss-tolerant scheme by applying the generalized Shor code to RGS, which can be experimentally demonstrated with current technology. Experimentally, we first prepare and verify the nine-qubit Shor code. Then, by applying the generalized Shor code to APQR and preparing a simplified encoded RGS with the structure of $1\times2$ based on the Shor code state, the effectiveness of our loss-tolerant scheme and the loss tolerance of the encoded RGS are respectively verified. Our results make an essential step toward a practical APQR and enrich the research of quantum error correction code., 8 pages, 5 figures

To investigate the incidence of chromosome polymorphisms and their influence on semen quality and sperm DNA integrity in male patients receiving in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI).We retrospectively analyzed the chromosomal karyotypes and the types and incidence rate of chromosome polymorphisms in 2 370 male patients undergoing IVF/ICSI between June 2016 and June 2018. We classified the patients into groups A (with variation in the secondary constriction region in the autosomal long arm), B (with variation in the short arm of the D/G group chromosomes), C (with interbrachial inversion of chromosome 9) and D (with Y chromosome polymorphisms), and compared the semen parameters and sperm DNA fragmentation indexes (DFI) between the patients with chromosome polymorphisms and those with normal chromosomes.Totally, 154 (6.50%) of the patients undergoing IVF/ICSI were found with chromosome polymorphisms, including 34 cases of secondary constriction variation in the long arm of the autosome (1.43% ［34/2 370］, 22.08% ［34/154］), 82 cases of short arm polymorphisms of the D/G group chromosomes (3.46% ［82/2 370］, 53.25% ［82/154］), 26 cases of interbrachial inversion of chromosome 9 (1.10% ［26/2 370］, 16.88% ［26/154］), 10 cases of Y chromosome polymorphisms (0.42% ［10/2 370］, 6.50% ［10/154］), and 2 cases of mixed chromosome polymorphisms (0.08% ［2/2 370］, 1.42% ［2/154］). The total sperm count was lower in group D than in the other polymorphism groups and the normal chromosome group, but with no statistically significant difference among the five groups (P0.05). The sperm progressive motility was also lower in group D than in the other five groups, with statistically significant difference from group B (27.5 ± 13.5 vs. 41.5 ± 21.1, P = 0.027), but not from the other groups (P0.05). No statistically significant difference was observed in the sperm DFI between the polymorphism groups and the normal chromosome group (P0.05), or among the polymorphism groups (P0.05). The proportion of normal semen was lower in group D than in the other four groups, but with no statistically significant difference among the five groups (P0.05). The incidence rate of asthenospermia was higher in group D than in the other four groups, but with no statistically significant difference among the five groups (P0.05), and so was that of oligoasthenospermia, with statistically significant difference from the normal chromosome group (30.0% vs 8.0%, P = 0.041), but not from the other polymorphism groups (P0.05).Short arm polymorphisms of the D/G group chromosomes are the most common type of chromosome polymorphisms in male patients undergoing IVF/ICSI. Polymorphisms of the Y chromosome have a negative effect on semen quality, while those of the other chromosomes do not significantly affect semen quality and sperm DNA integrity.

The details of experimental setup and more experimental results.

Quantum resetting protocols allow a quantum system to be sent to a state in the past by making it interact with quantum probes when neither the free evolution of the system nor the interaction is controlled. We experimentally verify the simplest non-trivial case of a quantum resetting protocol, known as the $\mathcal{W}_4$ protocol, with five superconducting qubits, testing it with different types of free evolutions and target-probe interactions. After projection, we obtained a reset state fidelity as high as $0.951$, and the process fidelity was found to be $0.792$. We also implemented 100 randomly-chosen interactions and demonstrated an average success probability of $0.323$ for $|1\rangle$ and $0.292$ for $|-\rangle$, experimentally confirmed the nonzero probability of success for unknown interactions; the numerical simulated values are about $0.3$. Our experiment shows that the simplest quantum resetting protocol can be implemented with current technologies, making such protocols a valuable tool in the eternal fight against unwanted evolution in quantum systems., 9 pages, 6 figures, 1 table + Supplementary Materials

Contrary to the usual assumption of at least partial control of quantum dynamics, a surprising recent result proved that an arbitrary quantum state can be probabilistically reset to a state in the past by having it interact with probing systems in a consistent, but $uncontrolled$ way. We present a photonic implementation to achieve this resetting process, experimentally verifying that a state can be probabilistically reset to its past with a fidelity of $0.870\pm0.012$. We further demonstrate the preservation of an entangled state, which still violates a Bell inequality, after half of the entangled pair was reset. The ability to reset uncontrolled quantum states has implications in the foundations of quantum physics and applications in areas of quantum technology., 8 pages, 9 figures