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The abundant bonding possibilities of Carbon stimulate the design of numerous carbon allotropes, promising the foundation for exploring structure-functionality relationships. Herein, utilizing the space bending strategy, we successfully engineered a two-dimensional carbon allotrope with pure sp2 hybridization, named "Wave-graphene" from the unique wave-like ripple structure. The novel Wave-graphene exhibits full-auxetic behavior due to anisotropic mechanical response, possessing both negative and zero Poisson's ratios. The fundamental mechanism can be attributed to the fact that highly buckled out-of-plane structures lead to anisotropic responses of in-plane nonlinear interactions, which further lead to anisotropy of lattice vibrations. In addition, Wave-graphene is found having quasi-direct wide bandgap of 2.01 eV, the excellent optical transparency and the high flexibility. The successful design of Wave-graphene with excellent outstanding multifunctional properties shows that the utilization of space bending strategies can provide more degrees of freedom for designing novel materials, further enriching the carbon material family and supplementing its versatility.

Understanding the fundamental link between structure and functionalization is crucial for the design and optimization of functional materials, since different structural configurations could trigger materials to demonstrate diverse physical, chemical, and electronic properties. However, the correlation between crystal structure and thermal conductivity (\k{appa}) remains enigmatic. In this study, taking two-dimensional (2D) carbon allotropes as study cases, we utilize phonon Boltzmann transport equation (BTE) along with machine learning force constant potential to thoroughly explore the complex folding structure of pure sp2 hybridized carbon materials from the perspective of crystal structure, mode-level phonon resolved thermal transport, and atomic interactions, with the goal of identifying the underlying relationship between 2D geometry and \k{appa}. We propose two potential structure evolution mechanisms for targeted thermal transport properties: in-plane and out-of-plane folding evolutions, which are generally applicable to 2D carbon allotropes. It is revealed that the folded structure produces strong symmetry breaking, and simultaneously produces exceptionally strongly suppressed phonon group velocities, strong phonon-phonon scattering, and weak phonon hydrodynamics, which ultimately lead to low \k{appa}. The insight into the folded effect of atomic structures on thermal transport deepens our understanding of the relationship between structure and functionalization, which offers straightforward guidance for designing novel nanomaterials with targeted \k{appa}, as well as propel developments in materials science and engineering.

The asymmetric properties of Janus two-dimensional materials commonly depend on chemical effects, such as different atoms, elements, material types, etc. Herein, based on carbon gene recombination strategy, we identify an intrinsic non-chemical Janus configuration in a novel purely sp$^2$ hybridized carbon monolayer, named as Janus-graphene. With the carbon gene of tetragonal, hexagonal, and octagonal rings, the spontaneous unilateral growth of carbon atoms drives the non-chemical Janus configuration in Janus-graphene, which is totally different from the chemical effect in common Janus materials such as MoSSe. A structure-independent half-auxetic behavior is mapped in Janus-graphene that the structure maintains expansion whether stretched or compressed, which lies in the key role of $p_z$ orbital. The unprecedented half-auxeticity in Janus-graphene extends intrinsic auxeticity into pure sp$^2$ hybrid carbon configurations. With the unique half-auxeticity emerged in the non-chemical Janus configuration, Janus-graphene enriches the functional carbon family as a promising candidate for micro/nanoelectronic device applications.

Turbulence spreading from edge to core region with resonance magnetic perturbation (RMP) is investigated using an electromagnetic Landau-fluid model in toroidal geometry. When RMP field with appropriate amplitude are employed in the simulation, long wavelength fluctuations around the resonance surface are excited due to the forced magnetic reconnection. Strong shear flow at the magnetic island separatrix are observed, and break the radial elongated vortex structures of the turbulent fluctuation. The inward flux could be blocked by this shear flow and the saturation level in the core region declines.

Negative Poissons ratio (NPR) is of great interest due to the novel applications in lots of fields. Films are the most commonly used form in practical applications, which involves multiple layers. However, the effect of interlayer interactions on the NPR is still unclear. In this study, based on first principles calculations, we systematically investigate the effect of interlayer interactions on the NPR by comparably studying single-layer graphene, few-layer graphene, h-BN, and graphene-BN heterostructure. It is found that they almost have the same geometry-strain response. Consequently, the NPR in bilayer graphene, triple-layer graphene, and graphene-BN heterostructure are consistent with that in single-layer graphene and h-BN. The fundamental mechanism lies in that the response to strain of the orbital coupling are consistent under the effect of interlayer interactions. The deep understanding of the NPR with the effect of interlayer interactions as achieved in this study is beneficial for the future design and development of micro-/nanoscale electromechanical devices with novel functions based on nanostructures.

The design of novel devices with specific technical interests through modulating structural properties and bonding characteristics promotes the vigorous development of materials informatics. Herein, we propose a synergy strategy of component reconstruction by combining geometric configuration and bonding characteristics. With the synergy strategy, we designed a novel two-dimensional (2D) graphene-like borides, e.g. g-B3N5, which possesses counter-intuitive ultra-low thermal conductivity of 21.08 W/mK despite the small atomic mass. The ultra-low thermal conductivity is attributed to the synergy effect of electronics and geometry on thermal transport due to the combining reconstruction of g-BN and nitrogene. With the synergy effect, the dominant acoustic branches are strongly softened, and the scattering absorption and Umklapp process are simultaneously suppressed. Thus, the thermal conductivity is significantly lowered. To verify the component reconstruction strategy, we further constructed g-B3P5 and g-B3As5, and uncovered the ultra-low thermal conductivity of 2.50 and 1.85 W/mK, respectively. The synergy effect and the designed ultra-low thermal conductivity materials with lightweight atomic mass cater to the demand for light development of momentum machinery and heat protection, such as aerospace vehicles, high-speed rail, automobiles.

We introduce Rabia, a simple and high performance framework for implementing state-machine replication (SMR) within a datacenter. The main innovation of Rabia is in using randomization to simplify the design. Rabia provides the following two features: (i) It does not need any fail-over protocol and supports trivial auxiliary protocols like log compaction, snapshotting, and reconfiguration, components that are often considered the most challenging when developing SMR systems; and (ii) It provides high performance, up to 1.5x higher throughput than the closest competitor (i.e., EPaxos) in a favorable setup (same availability zone with three replicas) and is comparable with a larger number of replicas or when deployed in multiple availability zones., Comment: Full version of the SOSP21 paper

With the increasing applications of Phosphorene in nano/optoelectronics and thermoelectrics, a comprehensive study on its thermal transport properties is necessary. It has been concluded from previous studies that there exist vast differences and uncertainty in the theoretically predicted thermal conductivity of single-layer phosphorene, which is generally attributed to the selection of XC functionals. However, even though the selection of functional groups in the first-principles calculations is particularly essential for predicting the thermal conductivity of phosphorene, there is no comprehensive investigation on this issue, which is unclear and is a gap in the field. Thus, the goal of this study is to investigate the effects of different XC functions on the thermal transport properties of phosphorene.

Numerical simulation on the resonant magnetic perturbation penetration is carried out by the newly-updated initial value code MDC (MHD@Dalian Code). Based on a set of two-fluid four-field equations, the bootstrap current, parallel and perpendicular transport effects are included appropriately. Taking into account the bootstrap current, a mode penetration like phenomenon is found, which is essentially different from the classical tearing mode model. It may provide a possible explanation for the finite mode penetration threshold at zero rotation detected in experiments. To reveal the influence of diamagnetic drift flow on the mode penetration process, $\bf E\times B$ drift flow and diamagnetic drift flow are separately applied to compare their effects. Numerical results show that, a sufficiently large diamagnetic drift flow can drive a strong stabilizing effect on the neoclassical tearing mode. Furthermore, an oscillation phenomenon of island width is discovered. By analyzing in depth, it is found that, this oscillation phenomenon is due to the negative feedback regulation of pressure on the magnetic island. This physical mechanism is verified again by key parameter scanning.

As buildings are central to the social and environmental sustainability of human settlements, high-quality geospatial data are necessary to support their management and planning. Authorities around the world are increasingly collecting and releasing such data openly, but these are mostly disconnected initiatives, making it challenging for users to fully leverage their potential for urban sustainability. We conduct a global study of 2D geospatial data on buildings that are released by governments for free access, ranging from individual cities to whole countries. We identify and benchmark more than 140 releases from 28 countries containing above 100 million buildings, based on five dimensions: accessibility, richness, data quality, harmonisation, and relationships with other actors. We find that much building data released by governments is valuable for spatial analyses, but there are large disparities among them and not all instances are of high quality, harmonised, and rich in descriptive information. Our study also compares authoritative data to OpenStreetMap, a crowdsourced counterpart, suggesting a mutually beneficial and complementary relationship.