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Considering physical properties variation of gray cast iron with temperature,difference mechanical behavior of material between compression and tension,relationship of elastic and plastic stress-strain of material,synthetically studied the temperature field,stress field,strain field and thermal crack strength of brake disc under different braking conditions,and revealed the opening mechanism of thermomechanical crack and crack distribution. Results of thermomechanical coupling simulation show the maximum temperature is 360℃ with initial speed of 180km/h,radial compression/tension stress are275Mpa/85 Mpa,circumferential compression/tension stress are 374 MPa/100 MPa,radial/circumferential plastic deformation are-4. 6 × 10-5/-6. 75 × 10-5. Results of thermomechanical opening calculation show stress intensity factor of radial crack ΔK6. 69 MPa·m1/2is larger than ΔK 5. 49 MPa·m1/2of circumferential crack,opening displacement of radial crack is larger than that of circumferential crack,which indicating radial cracks are mainly distributed on brake disc,and the sizes of radial crack are larger than that of circumferential crack.

Cytokine storm (CS) emerges as an exacerbated inflammatory response triggered by various factors such as pathogens and excessive immunotherapy, posing a significant threat to life if left unchecked. Quercetin, a monomer found in traditional Chinese medicine, exhibits notable anti-inflammatory and antiviral properties. This study endeavors to explore whether quercetin intervention could mitigate CS through a combination of network pharmacology analysis and experimental validation. First, common target genes and potential mechanisms affected by quercetin and CS were identified through network pharmacology, and molecular docking experiments confirmed quercetin and core targets. Subsequently, in vitro experiments of Raw264.7 cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) showed that quercetin could effectively inhibit the overexpression of pro-inflammatory mediators and regulate the AKT1-FoxO1 signaling pathway. At the same time, quercetin can reduce ROS through the Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway. In addition, in vivo studies of C57BL/6 mice injected with LPS further confirmed quercetin's inhibitory effect on CS. In conclusion, this investigation elucidated novel target genes and signaling pathways implicated in the therapeutic effects of quercetin on CS. Moreover, it provided compelling evidence supporting the efficacy of quercetin in reversing LPS-induced CS, primarily through the regulation of the AKT1-FoxO1 and Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathways., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Circulating RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in tumor development and progression by participating in immune regulation. Nevertheless, the circRNAs expression profiles and their roles on the immunomodulatory effects in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) have rarely been studied. In our study, we identified the differentially expressed circRNAs (DEcircRNAs), miRNAs (DEmiRNAs), mRNAs (DEmRNAs) in cSCC and established the circRNA competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) network. Subsequently, the hub differentially expressed immune-related genes were identified and validated by immunochemistry as well as the GO and KEGG pathway analysis were performed. 54 differentially expressed circRNAs were identified and hub differentially expressed immune-related genes were identified and they were mostly associated with immune response in the progression of cSCC. Our results indicated that the potential immune-related circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network may assist in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the carcinogenesis and progression in cSCC. Moreover, the immune-related genes may provide an insight into the pathogenesis, molecular biomarkers, and potential therapeutic targets for cSCC patients., Competing Interests: None., (AJCR Copyright © 2021.)