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Two-dimensional (2D) materials such as transition metal chalcogenides can be used to create different components of electronic devices, including semiconducting channels and metallic electrodes and interconnects. However, devices are typically fabricated using a step-by-step process that can introduce defects and impurities, leading to a reduction in device performance. Here we show that 2D electronic components can be chemically synthesized and integrated simultaneously in a single step, creating 2D devices in which each component in the active layer is connected via covalent bonds instead of physical interfaces. The approach involves the phase-patterned growth of atomic layers, and, using 2D molybdenum ditelluride (MoTe 2 ) as the active material, we show that it can be used to construct high-performance field-effect transistors (FETs) and arrays of logic devices. We also use the technique to construct FETs with ultrashort gate lengths, bilayered FETs with vertical interconnections and flexible devices.

Fumarate hydratase （FH）-deficient uterine leiomyoma is a rare pathological type of uterine leiomyoma, which is caused by FH gene germ-line or system mutations, primarily the latter cause. Although this disease is rare, when it is a sentinel manifestation of hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell carcinoma （HLRCC） syndromes, its severe symptoms and signs lead to early surgery and post-operative pathology that offers the possibility of early diagnosis of the aggressive consequences of this hereditary disease. Systematic diagnosis is the main diagnostic methods. Morphological and immunohistochemical staining are helpful to improve the detection rate, whereas their values are limited. Although the biological potential of FH-deficient uterine leiomyoma is low, the treatment and prognosis of patients significantly vary due to different sources of mutations. Therefore, how to distinguish sporadic and hereditary uterine fibroids is a great challenge for clinicians. In this article, clinical manifestations, morphological features, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of FH-deficient uterine leiomyoma were reviewed.

Artificial oxide heterostructures have provided promising platforms for the exploration of emergent quantum phases with extraordinary properties. Here, we demonstrate an approach to stabilize a distinct oxygen octahedron rotation (OOR) characterized by a − a − c + in the ultrathin LaNiO3 sublayers of the LaNiO3/CaTiO3 superlattices. Unlike the a − a − c − OOR in the LaNiO3 bare film, the a − a − c + OOR favors high conductivity, driving the LaNiO3 sublayer to a metallic state of ~100 K even when the layer thickness is as thin as 2 unit cells (u.c.). Simultaneously, strongly preferred occupation of d x 2 − y 2 orbital is achieved in LaNiO3 sublayers. The largest change of occupancy is as high as 35%, observed in the 2 u.c.-thick LaNiO3 sublayers sandwiched between 4 u.c.-thick CaTiO3 sublayers. X-ray absorption spectra indicate that the a − a − c + OOR pattern of LaNiO3 achieved in the LaNiO3/CaTiO3 heterostructures has significantly enhanced the Ni-3d/O-2p hybridization, stabilizing the metallic phase in ultrathin LaNiO3 sublayers. The present work demonstrates that modulating the mode of OOR through heteroepitaxial synthesis can modify the orbital-lattice correlations in correlated perovskite oxides, revealing hidden properties of the materials. Larger orbital polarization is highly desired in the nickelate-based superconductivity. Here, the authors report on the improved conduction and large in-plane polarization up to 35% in ultrathin LaNiO3 layer with a distinct octahedron rotation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to explore the expression of EpCAM and EGFR in human epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and their correlation with clinicopathological parameters.

Cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma (CESC) are the second most common cancers in women aged 20–39. While HPV screening can help with early detection of cervical cancer, many patients are already in the medium to late stages when they are identified. As a result, searching for novel biomarkers to predict CESC prognosis and propose molecular treatment targets is critical. TGFA is a polypeptide growth factor with a high affinity for the epidermal growth factor receptor. Several studies have shown that TGFA can improve cancer growth and progression, but data on its impact on the occurrence and advancement of CESC is limited. In this study, we used clinical data analysis and bioinformatics techniques to explore the relationship between TGFA and CESC. The results showed that TGFA was highly expressed in cervical cancer tissues and cells. TGFA knockdown can inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells. In addition, after TGFA knockout, the expression of IL family and MMP family proteins in CESC cell lines was significantly reduced. In conclusion, TGFA plays an important role in the occurrence and development of cervical cancer. Therefore, TGFA may become a new target for cervical cancer treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ability to modulate the nonlinear optical (NLO) response of low‐dimensional metal oxides is highly desirable for diverse applications. It is shown here that the irradiation of a dispersion of 2D oxide (MoO3) nanosheets (NSs) by femtosecond laser pulses enables simultaneous scissoring of the NSs to form well‐dispersed MoO3 quantum dots (QDs) and the modulation of the NLO response in the visible and near‐infrared (NIR) regions. The inversion of the absorptive nonlinearity is observed combined with a larger enhancement of NLO response in the laser‐irradiated MoO3−x NSs and the as‐generated QDs, which is associated with the steady laser‐deprival of oxygen atoms and the resultant localized surface plasmon resonance due to electron doping. By leveraging the sub‐picosecond NLO response of the plasmonic MoO3−x QDs, the development of ultrafast optical switches is demonstrated for ultrashort pulse laser generation based on fiber lasers operating in the NIR regions. Furthermore, the strong field enhancement of these non‐noble metal plasmonic QDs is exploited for the fabrication of substrates for surface‐enhanced Raman scattering, which demonstrate a detection limit down to the part‐per‐billion level. This work delineates an efficient strategy for creating plasmonic oxide QDs with strong NLO response that is attractive for photonic applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Developing Ohmic contact systems or achieving low contact resistance is significant for high‐performance semiconductor devices. This work comprehensively investigates the interfacial properties of CrX2N4 (X = C, Si) based field‐effect transistors (FETs) with different metal (Ag, Au, Cu, Ni, Pd, Pt, Ti, and graphene) electrodes by using electronic structure calculations and quantum transport simulations. It is highlighted that the stronger interlayer coupling allows CrC2N4 to form an n‐type Ohmic contact with Ti electrode in the vertical direction. Furthermore, the absence of tunneling barrier at the CrC2N4–Ti interface greatly improves the electron injection efficiency. On the other hand, the studied metals form Schottky contact with CrC2N4 at the lateral interface due to Fermi level pinning (FLP) effects. Surprisingly, the strong FLP effects restrict the Schottky barrier heights of CrSi2N4‐metal contacts to a narrow range. Where Ag, Au, Ni, Pd, Pt, Ti electrodes and Ag, Ti electrodes form ideal ohmic contact with CrSi2N4 in the vertical and lateral directions, respectively, while the other metals form quasi‐ohmic contact. Ti exhibits the highest contact performance as the electrode in both CrC2N4 and CrSi2N4 based FETs. The findings may provide fundamental understanding for designing high‐performance and energy‐efficient FETs based on CrX2N4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]