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The introduction of antibacterial and hemostatic hydrogels with good mechanical properties that display desirable impacts on wound healing process is still an unmet essential for clinical wound dressings. Herein, a multifunctional hydrogel PEG-CMC-THB-PRTM was fabricated via a one-pot method combining carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC), 2,3,4-trihydroxybenzaldehyde (THB), protamine (PRTM) and 4-arm polyethylene glycol aldehyde (PEG). The hydrogel was formed by the dynamic Schiff base reaction between amino groups of carboxymethyl chitosan and aldehyde groups of 4-arm polyethylene glycol aldehyde and exhibited excellent mechanical properties. The developed hydrogel also showed outstanding effects on anti-bacteria and hemostasis through the release of PRTM. Moreover, the hydrogel could promote extracellular matrix formation and wound closure in vivo, thereby accelerating the healing of skin wound. These results suggested that the multifunctional PEG-CMC-THB-PRTM hydrogel is a promising candidate for the clinical treatment of full-thickness wounds.

Local causes of slow wound healing include infection and wound hemorrhage. Using sodium bicarbonate as a neutralizer, a variety of carboxymethyl chitosan-tannic acid (CMC-TA) composite hydrogels solidify through hydrogen bonding in this study. The best-performing hydrogel was synthesized by altering the concentration of TA and exhibited remarkable mechanical properties and biocompatibility. Following in vitro characterization tests, the CMC-TA hydrogel exhibited remarkable antibacterial and antioxidant properties, as well as quick hemostasis capabilities. In the in vivo wound healing study, the results showed that the CMC-TA hydrogel could relieve inflammation and promote the recovery of skin incision, re-epithelialization, and collagen deposition. Overall, this multifunctional hydrogel could be an ideal wound dressing for the clinical therapy of full-thickness wounds.

To analyze the brain CT imaging data of children with cerebral palsy (CP), deep learning-based electronic computed tomography (CT) imaging information characteristics were used, thereby providing help for the rehabilitation analysis of children with CP and comorbid epilepsy. The brain CT imaging data of 73 children with CP were collected, who were outpatients or inpatients in our hospital. The images were randomly divided into two groups. One group was the artificial intelligence image group, and hybrid segmentation network (HSN) model was employed to analyze brain images to help the treatment. The other group was the control group, and original images were used to help diagnosis and treatment. The deep learning-based HSN was used to segment the CT image of the head of patients and was compared with other CNN methods. It was found that HSN had the highest Dice score (DSC) among all models. After treatment, six cases in the artificial intelligence image group returned to normal (20.7%), and the artificial intelligence image group was significantly higher than the control group (X2 = 335191, P < 0.001 ). The cerebral hemodynamic changes were obviously different in the two groups of children before and after treatment. The VP of the cerebral artery in the child was (139.68 ± 15.66) cm/s after treatment, which was significantly faster than (131.84 ± 15.93) cm/s before treatment, P < 0.05 . To sum up, the deep learning model can effectively segment the CP area, which can measure and assist the diagnosis of future clinical cases of children with CP. It can also improve medical efficiency and accurately identify the patient’s focus area, which had great application potential in helping to identify the rehabilitation training results of children with CP.

Periphyton is considered important for removal of organic pollutants from water bodies, but knowledge of the impacts of antibiotics on the community structure and ecological function of waterbodies remains limited. In this study, the effects of oxytetracycline hydrochloride (OTC) on the communities of photoautotrophic epilithon and epipelon and its effect on nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in the water column were studied in a 12-day mesocosm experiment. The dynamics of nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in the epipelon and epilithon experiment showed similar patterns. The concentrations of total nitrogen, dissolved total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, total phosphorus and dissolved total phosphorus in the water column increased rapidly during the initial days of exposure, after which a downward trend occurred. In the epilithon experiment, we found that the photosynthesis (Fv/Fm) and biomass of epilithon were significantly (P < 0.05) stimulated in the low concentration group. Contrarily, growth and photosynthesis (Fv/Fm) were significantly (P < 0.05) reduced in the medium and high concentration group. We further found that the photosynthetic efficiency of photoautotrophic epilithon was negatively correlated with the concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus in the water column (P < 0.05). Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) showed that the communities of epilithic algae in the control group and in the low concentration group were significantly (P < 0.05) different from that of the high concentration group during the initial 4 days. After 8 days’ exposure, all groups tended to be similar, indicating that epilithon showed rapid adaptability and/or resilience. Similar results were found for the relative abundance of some epilithic algae. Our findings indicate that the biofilm system has strong tolerance and adaptability to OTC as it recovered fast after an initial suppression, thus showing the important role of periphyton in maintaining the dynamic balance of nutrients with other processes in aquatic ecosystems.

Host reactions following implantation of biomaterials, especially the macrophages' responses could significantly affect the wound healing process. Therefore, it is meaningful to develop immunostimulatory active wound dressing to accelerate wound healing. In this study, lentinan (LNT) was esterified with different carboxylic acids, and the bilayer nanofibrous membrane (BilayerM) based on the esterified LNT was designed. BilayerM exhibited good water absorption, red blood cells (RBC), platelets, and fibronectin adhesion abilities. The ELISA results indicated that BilayerM stimulated macrophages to secrete pro-inflammatory and pro-regenerative cytokines. Moreover, cell migration results showed that BilayerM promoted the migration and proliferation of NIH3T3 and HUVECs. The wound healing efficacy studies demonstrated that BilayerM significantly accelerated the wound healing rate in a full-thickness skin defect model. Therefore, these results indicate that this bioactive dressing is a hopeful candidate for clinical treatment of cutaneous wounds.

Background To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of single gastroscopy, multi-slice spiral CT, HER-2 or tumor markers, and their combination in the diagnosis of gastric cancer. Methods A total of 98 patients with gastric cancer were selected as the research subjects. All patients underwent preoperative gastroscopy, MSCT, and the expression levels of HER-2, CEA, CA199, CA724, and CA242 were detected. A control group of 98 normal adults was selected to compare the risk factors for gastric cancer and to analyze the data. Results There was statistical significance in the expression of the 5 markers in tumor size (P < 0.05), but no statistical significance in other clinical data (P > 0.05). The tumor marker CEA in gastric mucosal tissue of patients with gastric cancer had the highest positive detection rate for gastric cancer, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05) compared with gastroscopy, MSCT and other markers. The combined diagnosis had higher sensitivity, specificity and accuracy compared with the single diagnosis of gastric cancer staging, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Compared with normal adults, patients with gastric cancer had statistically significant differences in diet, body mass index, and family genetic history (P < 0.05), while there was no statistically significant difference in whether they had type A blood (P > 0.05). Conclusion The combined diagnosis of gastroscopy, MSCT, immunohistochemical marker Her-2, and tumor markers CEA, CA199, CA724, and CA242 can more accurately determine the clinical staging and lesion invasion depth of patients with gastric cancer and can significantly improve the sensitivity of diagnosis.

A new allelic variant in MICB*005 lineage, MICB*005:09, has been identified in a male Uyghur individual recruited from Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China by PCR-sequence-based typing (Sanger sequencing) and confirmed by cloning and sequencing. Aligned with MICB*005:03, this new allelic variant shows a synonymous T substitution at nucleotide position 8 in exon 2, corresponding to codon 3 (CAC→CAT) of the mature MICB mRNA transcript.

To evaluate the risk factors associated with failure to correct hypotony using direct cyclopexy in patients with traumatic cyclodialysis cleft.In a series of 116 patients with traumatic cyclodialysis who underwent direct cyclopexy at Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center from January 2008 to August 2018, the clinical correlation between the risk factors and failure of the operation were retrospectively studied, after adjusting for other potential confounders.The curative ratio after one procedure was 82.76%, whereas 20 (17.24%) eyes experienced treatment failure after the first surgery. The degree of anterior chamber angle closure was significantly wider in patients with a failed first surgery than in patients for whom one procedure was a success (Exceeding the threshold of 5 clock hour in anterior chamber angle closure may impede accurate cleft location and, thus, present a higher risk of failure to correct hypotony using direct cyclopexy. These patients may need injection of a viscoelastic agent into the anterior chamber by paracentesis to deepen the anterior chamber and to delineate the clefts using gonioscopy pre- or intraoperatively.

Correlation between CT features of adrenocortical and adrenal medullary tumors and the expression of miR-96 in serum were investigated. A total of 230 patients with adrenocortical tumors and 194 patients with adrenal medullary tumors were selected in Dongying People's Hospital from August 2013 to August 2017. The two groups of patients underwent CT examination, and the signs and symptoms were recorded. The expression of miR-96 in the serum of the two groups was detected by RT-PCR, and the correlation between the expression of serum miR-96 and CT features was analyzed. In patients with adrenocortical tumor, serum miR-96 expression levels were significantly higher in patients with tumor diameter ≥5 cm than those with tumor diameter

We previously invented a novel foldable capsular vitreous body (FCVB) in the treatment of severe retinal detachment. The purpose of this study was to determine its hydrolytic stability in vitro and further evaluate its efficacy and safety in human eyes.The hydrolytic stability test proceeded according to State Food and Drug Administration guidelines about intraocular lenses of the ophthalmic implants. A standard three-port pars plana vitrectomy was performed, and FCVB was triple folded and sent into the vitreous cavity of three eyes; then silicone oil was injected into the capsule to support the retina. The treated eyes were examined using Goldmann applanation tonometry, fundus photography, optical coherence tomography, noncontact specular microscopy, and ultrasound biomicroscopy during a 12-month follow-up appointment.The mass of FCVB with silicone oil after 60-day accelerating aging temperature was equal to that at baseline. The FCVB can easily be implanted into the vitreous cavity through a 3-mm incision. The visual acuity and intraocular pressure after FCVB implantation show a slight elevation compared with those of preoperative eyes. The fundus and optical coherence tomography showed that the FCVB was well distributed in the vitreous cavity and evenly supported the retina. Retinal reattachment was found in 3 eyes at the 12-month examination. There was no statistically significant decrease in the density of corneal endothelial cells from baseline to 12 months after FCVB implantation. Ultrasound biomicroscopy showed that the FCVB smoothly contacted but not crushed the ciliary body.Silicone oil-filled FCVB was shown to be effective and safe in 3 eyes as a vitreous substitute over a 12-month observation time.

A magnetosome-deleted mutant NM21 of Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense MSR-1 was generated by mini-Tn5 lacZ2 transposon mutagenesis, and a 3073-bp fragment flanking mini-Tn5 lacZ2 in NM21 was cloned by Anchored PCR. Sequencing analysis showed that this fragment involved three putative ORFs; the mini-Tn5 lacZ2 was inserted into ORF1. Functional complementary test indicated that the 3073-bp fragment was required for biosynthesis of magnetosomes in M. gryphiswaldense MSR-1. The majority of proteins, which had homology with the protein encoded by ORF1, were the cation transporter. Transmembrane domain analysis showed that the protein encoded by ORF1 contained four transmembrane domains. It may be a transmembrane protein. The protein encoded by ORF1 contained two putative conserved domains: COG0053 and PRK09509. The MMT1 and FieF, containing conserved domains COG0053 and PRK09509 too, were Fe2+ transporter (cation diffusion facilitator superfamily). It was suggested that the protein encoded by ORF1 might take part in the magnetosomes biosynthesis as Fe2+ transporter.

Purpose: To describe the incidence and occurrence patterns of nosocomial infections in a large eye hospital over a 6-year period. Methods: Medical records of 94 013 consecutive inpatients admitted to Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Guangzhou, China, from 1996 to 2002, were reviewed. Demographic data and infection diagnoses were collected. Nosocomial infection was defined as an infection that was absent during preadmission assessments but detected at least 48 h after admission to the hospital, or occurred after surgical procedures performed within the hospital. Results: The cumulative incidence of nosocomial infections over a 6-year period was 0.28%. The most common infections were acute conjunctivitis (45.5%) and upper respiratory tract infection (36.4%), followed by suppurative endophthalmitis (8.3%). Patients with acute conjunctivitis were predominantly adults aged from 15 to 59 years (60%), while patients with upper respiratory tract infection were predominantly children of 14 years or younger (74.0%), and those with endophthalmitis predominantly older persons 60 years or older (68.2%). Conditional pathogenic bacteria, mainly gram-positive, were responsible for most suppurative endophthalmitis cases. Conclusions: Although nosocomial infection incidence is relatively low in this eye hospital, our data suggest that different subgroups of patients are prone to certain types of infection. Specific preventive strategies targeting different subgroups of inpatients may further reduce the infection incidence.

To determine the supporting role of a novel foldable capsular vitreous body (FCVB) with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the treatment of severe retinal detachment in human eyes. The study examined nine eyes of nine patients. Among the nine eyes, five had suffered penetrating injuries while four had suffered contusions of the eyeball involving large defects of the retina or choroids. A standard three-port pars plana vitrectomy was performed, FCVB was triple-folded and sent into the vitreous cavity; balanced salt solution (BSS) was injected into the capsule to support the retina. Three cardinal axes of nine eyes were examined using MRI at baseline and at the 3-month follow up. MRI revealed that the signal intensity of the FCVB was similar to the normal vitreous body, with low-signal intensity on T1-weighted image and high-signal intensity on T2-weighted image. In three pre-operative silicone oil- or heavy silicone oil-filled eyes, FCVBs were not fully inflated, and eyeball deformation was observed in one eye. Shifts of three cardinal axes of three eyes (horizontal, anteroposterior, and vertical) according to MRI, were −4.33, −4.67, and −2.67 mm. In the remaining six eyes, FCVBs were well distributed in the vitreous cavity and evenly supported the retina; the cardinal axes of the eyes were similar to pre-operation. Shifts of three cardinal axes of six eyes were −0.34, −0.34, and −0.34 mm. In a total of nine eyes, shifts of three cardinal axes were −1.67, −1.77, and −1.11 mm. Statistically significant difference showed only between the horizontal axis of nine eyes pre-operatively and post-operatively (P1=0.041, P2=0.058, P3=0.123). This study demonstrated the effectiveness of MRI to monitor the supporting role of an FCVB in the treatment of severe retinal detachment in human eyes.

Purpose We previously designed a novel foldable capsular vitreous body (FCVB) to treat severe retinal detachment and evaluated its performance in a 1-year follow up study. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy and safety of a silicone oil (SO)-filled FCVB in a 3-year follow-up. Methods Standard three-port pars plana vitrectomy was performed, and the FCVB was triple folded and implanted in the vitreous cavity of three eyes. The SO then was injected into the capsule to support the retina. The eyes were examined using Goldmann applanation tonometry, fundus photography, optical coherence tomography (OCT), noncontact specular microscopy, and ultrasound biomicroscopy over a 3-year implantation period. Results At the 3-year follow-up, retinal reattachment was achieved in all three cases, with steady intraocular pressure. The visual acuity showed slight fluctuations, and it was slightly increased compared to baseline. Optical coherence tomography revealed decreased retinal thickness and an altered retinal structure in the implanted eyes compared to the control eyes. No keratopathy, glaucoma, SO leakage, SO emulsification, or other apparent complications occurred during the observation period. Conclusion The SO-filled FCVB was effective and safe as a vitreous substitute in three eyes over a 3-year observation period. Translational relevance Silicone oil emulsification is a severe complication after retinal detachment surgery. On the basis of animal experiments, we investigated a new strategy and product, the FCVB, to overcome this complication. In this pilot study, FCVB limited SO emulsification and migration. This study could lay the foundation for a further multicenter clinical trial.

To assess the clinical effect of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with intravitreous antibiotic drugs or silicone oil endotamponade in post-traumatic endophthalmitis on eyes without detachment of the retina.Thirty cases of eyes with penetrating injury associated with endophthalmitis without retina detachment had been treated with PPV plus intravitreous antibiotic drugs or silicone oil tamponade. All the patients in the study received intravenous, subconjunctival and topical medications antibiotics.All the patients were followed up for 3 to 12 months. Postoperative intraocular infection of 30 eyes (30 patients) were controlled. The best-corrected visual acuity was significantly improved in both groups postoperatively (P0.05). The rate of postoperative retinal detachment in the PPV combined with intravitreal antibiotics group was 21.1% (4/19) vs. 9% (1/11)in the PPV combined with silicone oil There was no significant difference in postoperative endotamponade group. There was no significant difference in postoperative complications between two groups.PPV combined with silicone oil tamponade may have beneficial effect on the surgical treatment of traumatic bacterial endophthalmitis associated without retinal detachment, but the surgery may be used in some cases which have bad retinal condition or uncontrollable inflammation.

To investigate the surgical technique and its usefulness of tissue adhesive combined with amniotic membrane adhering, a new surgical procedure for ocular burns.Thirty-four eyes from 29 patients with ocular burns participated in the study, grade II -III 9 eyes, grade IV 25 eyes . In 25 eyes with burn of grade IV, 7 eyes experienced complete (100%) limbal ischemia, 18 had partial (less than 100%) limbal ischemia, and 12 with severe conjunctival necrosis had sclera involved. Cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive combined with amniotic membrane adhering was applied after standard medical therapies failed in controlling the deterioration of patients' conditions. Our outcome measures included healing of the epithelial defect, resolution of the ulceration and inflammation, adhering of the tissue adhesive and amniotic membrane, and vision acuity.outcome data were available for 33 eyes. For a follow-up of 2-6 months, All the 27 eyes showed epithelialization within 8-42 days, (23.9+/-8.0) days, including those with burns of grade II -Il , grade IV ( partial limbal ischemia). Corneal melting was arrested in 6 eyes with 100% limbal ischemia. Vision acuity was improved significantly in 29 eyes, had no change in the other 4 eyes.Cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive combined with amniotic membrane adhering can rapidly restore both corneal and conjunctival surfaces, thus preventing effectively scarring sequelae in the late stage. In most severe burns, however, it arrests the corneosclera melting and restores the conjunctival surface and blood supply of the anterior segment, but does not restore the integrity of the corneal surface, which requires further limbal stem cell transplantation.

To evaluate the characteristics of ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) image and the rate of positiveness of diagnosis for foreign bodies in siderosis.Sixteen cases of siderosis were examined with UBM and the data ware analyzed, compared with the data of X-ray and the record of operation.The data of UBM showed deposition of rust in different tissues of eye-balls in the 16 cases of siderosis. Within the 10 cases of foreign bodies found by X-ray, only 4 cases were positive by UBM. X-ray data showed that the remaining 6 cases were negative of foreign bodies, but 1 case was found positive by UBM. The foreign bodies of the 11 cases were removed by operation. The characteristics of UBM images of foreign bodies displayed high and strong reflectivity with ultrasonic shadow, while the UBM image of siderosis showed multiple high and strong spot-like, speckled or thread-like shadows without "tails".UBM could detect the exact location of intraocular foreign bodies and rust. The positive rate of diagnosis for foreign bodies of UBM was lower than X-ray.

To observe morphological characteristics in ocular tissues with electrocution under the electron microscope.Fourteen mice are divided into two groups, the experimental group and the control group. In the experimental group, all of the 9 mice are killed by electricity (220 v, 50 Hz), with the heads connected to anode and the right leg to cathode. In the control group, all of the 5 mice are beheaded. Eyes fixed in glutaraldehyde, are split into two halves. One is observed under the electron microscope, and the other is observed morphological characteristics by H-E stain, which has been published.In the experimental group, morphological characteristics of the components of eyes present in varied degrees under the electron microscope, but not obvious in control group.It can be drawn that these certain morphological characteristics in the experimental group might be helpful to the treatment of electrical injury.

The aim of this series of experiments was to test appropriate rat models of corneal neovascularization (CNV) induced by alkali injury.All animals (n=48) were randomly assigned to four groups, each consisting of twelve eyes. Alkali injury was induced on day 0 by application of iN NaOH to right eyes of S-D rats for 15 30 AG and 6Os respectively. Biomicroscopic features including corneal neovascularization, corneal ulceration and hyphema were observed for 28 days.Corneal neovascularization began to invade pericornea on day 3 and flourished on day 7, then reached its developmental peak on day 14, and regressed gradually after day 14. The induced rate of CNV for groups 15s, 30s, 40, 60s, were 16.7%, 75%, 100%, 100% respectively, the induced rate of corneal neovascularization in all groups increased with time prolonging. CNV distributed sparsely in group iSs and its length was more shorter. CNV in group 30s reached the margin of burn area and distributed sparsely. There had uniform growth of CNV in group 40s and the hyphema was not more excessive than that of group 60s which was difficult to observe CNV. Significant difference (P0.05) was found between Group 30s and 40s in length and area of CNV respectively. The rate of hyphema was 16.7%, 83.3% respectively between Group 40s and 60s and significant difference (P0.05) was also found. The rate of corneal ulceration and perforation was 50% and 33.3% respectively in Group 60s.The appropriate induced time for S-D rat models of corneal neovascularization by using filter paper which diameter is 3 mm and inmerged solution of 1 mol/L sodium hydroxide was 40s. It's an ideal animal model for CNV induced by chemical injuries.

To find the proper way to use the cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive (CTA) in the pterygium excisions with amniotic membrane transplantation and To evaluate the therapeutic effects of it.A prospective randomized clinical trial was carried out in 27 patients (32 eyes) who would have pterygium excision. They were divided into 2 groups randomly: 15 eyes in the CTA group, 17 eyes in the suture group. We evaluate the benefits of them with the respect to surgery time and postoperative sighs and symptoms.Average surgery time was 15.8 minutes for CTA group and 23.7 minutes for sutures, P0.05. The postoperative sighs were much more light in CTA group. The average pain was significantly lower when CTA had been used, P0.05. And the amniotic membrane was attached much better. The two groups have no significant difference in the other aspects.Using CTA instead of sutures when attaching the amniotic membrane in pterygium surgery shortens surgery time significantly and improve the postoperative sighs and symptoms. It's easy, safe and effective.

A magnetosome deleted mutant NM4 of Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense MSR-1 was generated by mini-Tn5 transposon mutagenesis, and a 5045-bp fragment flanking mini-Tn5 in NM4 was cloned by Anchored PCR. Sequencing analysis showed that this fragment involved six putative open reading frames (ORFs); the mini-Tn5 was inserted into ORF4. Functional complementary test indicated that the 5045-bp fragment was required for biosynthesis of magnetosomes in M. gryphiswaldense MSR-1. The protein encoded by ORF4 had 25% of identity with the chemotaxis protein CheYIII of Caulobacter crescentus CB15, and the protein encoded by ORF4 contained a conserved signal receiver domain that can receive the signal from the sensor partner of the bacterial two-component systems. It was suggested that the protein encoded by ORF4 may take part in the signal transduction relating to biosynthesis of magnetosomes.

To compare the results by B-scan ultrasonography and findings in pars plana vitrectomy, and assess the diagnostic value of B-scan ultrasonography in endophthalmitis.Thirty eyes of 30 subjects diagnosed as endophthalmitis were selected, who undergone preoperative B-scan ultrasonography. The result of pars plana vitrectomy was recorded. The above two results were compared.On the evaluation of vitreous and retinal states in the patients with endophthalmitis, the sensitivity of ultrasound was 90%-100%, and the specificity was 79%-100%. Poorer preoperative visual acuity was related with retinal detachment and retinal dissolution. The preoperative visual acuity in eyes with local vitreous opacity was better than with diffuse vitreous opacity.Comparison of the results of B-scan ultrasonography and the findings in pars plana vitrectomy showed B-scan ultrasonography is highly sensitive, specific, and is very helpful in the evaluation of endophthalmitis. B-scan ultrasonography can not only supply much information in the diagnosis of endophthalmitis but also inspect its trends and changes, which is helpful in the selection of treatment and planning the time of surgery.

To investigate the possibility of conservation of the lens after removal of intralenticular magnetic foreign bodies with intraocular magnet.Intralenticular magnetic foreign bodies of 15 patients were removed by using an intraocular magnet. The lens of each injury eye was conserved. Follow-up observation of these cases ranged from one to four years.The intralenticular magnetic foreign bodies of 15 patients were successfully removed. The lens of each injury eye was conserved and the transparence of the lens was properly maintained. Sizes of these foreign bodies were measured, ranging from 0.3 mm to 3 mm in diameter. The follow-up observation showed that the corrected visual acuity of 14 cases was not changed after operation.The intraocular magnet is very helpful for removal of magnetic foreign bodies from the transparent lens. This magnet allows removing of the foreign body by the surgeon and no damage to the lens was induced during the operation. Thus, maintenance of visual acuity of most of the patients can be achieved.

To summarize the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of sympathetic ophthalmia caused by ocular penetration with endophthalmitis.Retrospective analysis was done on clinical data of 3 cases of sympathetic ophthalmia with ocular penetration and endophthalmitis.5,253 cases of ocular penetration and fracture were hospitalized from 1993 to 2002, while 87 cases of sympathetic ophthalmia were found at the same period of time, with the ratio of 1.65%. 3 cases had history of ocular penetration with endophthalmitis. Fluorescein angiography indicated that these 3 cases had developed sympathetic ophthalmia. Microscopic examination showed that 1 case had typical histological changes of sympathetic ophthalmia.Sympathetic ophthalmia caused by ocular penetration with endophthalmitis is infrequent, but this situation should not be neglect.

The interfacial structure for HfO2 dielectrics on Si (100) substrate was investigated using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The Hf 4f binding energy changes with the depth, which confirms the presence of Hf–O–Si state. Together with the analysis of O 1s and Si 2p spectra, it is believed that the interfacial structure includes both SiOx and Hf silicates. The electrical measurement is also consistent with the above conclusions. According to the theoretical and experimental results, a cursory model of the interfacial structure was established: The main body is SiOx species, on the top of SiOx is HfSixOy species, and Hf silicides are embedded in the Hf silicates.

A submerged culture technique for Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense under the nitrogen-fixing condition (microaerobic and N-limited) was set up. In N-limited medium with Na-lactate as a sole carbon source, the optical density (A600 nm) and activity of nitrogen fixation of cells were 1.3 and 217 nmol of ethylene produced per hour per A600nm respectively within 21 h by three times of feeds. The pH and temperature were controlled at 7.2 and 30°C respectively, and the oxygen concentration was controled by sparging with N2 containing 0.4%–0.8% of O2. The activity of nitrogen fixation of cells was obviously inhibited by oxygen and ammonium. It indicated that the posttranslational regulation of nitrogenase existed in M. gryphiswaldense.