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Background Recurrence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) after chemoradiotherapy is common, but submucosal recurrence of NPC is rare. The final pathological results determine the optimal therapeutic schedule for treatment of NPC recurrence, but tissue retrieval from submucosal lesions is usually difficult. The present study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of a novel approach of endonasopharyngeal ultrasound-guided transnasopharyngeal needle aspiration (ENUS-TNNA) for submucosal neoplasms in patients with suspected NPC recurrence. Methods Between March 2017 and June 2021, 11 post-chemoradiotherapy patients with suspected magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of submucosal recurrence of NPC underwent ENUS-TNNA. The safety and effectiveness of using ENUS-TNNA to sample submucosal neoplasms were evaluated. Results Needle aspiration biopsies were performed without any incidences in all cases. Out of the 11 patients, nine were diagnosed with submucosal recurrence of NPC via histopathological or cytological evaluations. Of the two puncture-negative cases, one patient had atypical imaging findings and clinical manifestations and was therefore followed-up using MRI. After follow-up for 3 years, this patient was still considered to be cancer-free due to the shrinking diameters of the submucosal lesions. For the other puncture-negative patient, submucosal biopsy samples were obtained using a surgical method. Pathological examination of these biopsies revealed that an angiosarcoma had developed after radiotherapy. There were no severe complications that occurred during the ENUS-TNNA procedure. Conclusion ENUS-TNNA is a safe, effective, and minimally invasive approach to obtain tissue samples from the submucosal region of the nasopharynx for patients with suspected NPC recurrence.

To explore the risk factors of abdominal aortic enlargement (AAE) after thoracic endovascular aortic repair using two-stent graft implantation (TEVAR-TSI) for Stanford type B aortic dissection.The clinical and imaging data of patients who underwent TEVAR-TSI for Stanford type B aortic dissection in the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University from January 2013 through September 2020 were retrospectively collected and analyzed. CT angiography (CTA) scans were performed before the procedure. Follow-up CTA scans were scheduled and performed in 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the procedure and annually thereafter. The primary outcome was AAE. The risk factors of AAE after TEVAR-TSI were selected and survival analysis and multivariate logistic regression were conducted accordingly.A total of 146 patients were regularly followed up at our hospital, with the median followup time of the entire cohort being 48 months (ranging from 12 to 84 months). During the followup period after TEVAR-TSI, the incidence of AAE was 19.9% (29/146). A total of 29 patients developed AAE (the AAE group), while 117 patients did not develop AAE (the non-AAE group). There were a total of 27 deaths, including 13 in the non-AAE group versus 14 in the AAE group. Distal aortic reoperation was performed on 10 patients, including 4 in the non-AAE group versus 6 in the AAE group. The cumulative long-term survival and freedom from distal aortic reoperation of the non-AAE group were both significantly better those of the AAE group (The prognosis of patients who developed AAE after TEVAR-TSI was not good. During followup visits, as precautions against the development of AAE, close attention should be paid to partial thrombosis of the false lumen, cumulative diameter of residual intimal tear above the level of the lowest renal arteries, and cumulative diameter of residual intimal tear below the level of the lowest renal arteries.

BACKGROUND: This study aims to explore the influence of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG) on coagulation function and the effects of diabetes on coagulation function during OPCABG. METHODS: Patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were divided into two groups: diabetes mellitus (DM) and non-diabetes mellitus (NDM) groups. Thromboelastography (TEG) was tested at the following time points: T0, five days after aspirin and clopidogrel therapy, and before OPCABG; T1, returning to care unit after OPCABG; T2, 5 days after aspirin and clopidogrel therapy, and after OPCABG. RESULTS: A total of 56 patients were involved. There were no deaths, or no early postoperative thrombotic events and abnormal bleeding after OPCABG. Intra-group comparison: Compared with T0, the R and K value decreased, while the α angle and MA value increased at T1 and T2, in both groups (P0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The coagulation function of patients was at a hypercoagulable state at the early stage after OPCABG. The coagulation function was affected by diabetes at the day of OPCABG. However, there was no statistical difference after 5 days of aspirin and clopidogrel therapy following OPCABG.

To investigate the characteristics of aortic remodeling after thoracic endovascular aortic repair using two-stent graft implantation (TEVAR-TSI) for Stanford B aortic dissection.The clinical and imaging data of 128 patients who underwent TEVAR-TSI for Stanford B aortic dissection in the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University from January 2013 through May 2019 were retrospectively collected. CT images were obtained before (TThe stented segment of the descending thoracic aorta was evaluated (LAfter receiving TEVAR-TSI, Stanford type B aortic dissection patients had high thrombosis absorption rate in the thoracic aortic segment covered by stent, and the aortic remodeling was more ideal. The aortic remodeling effect in the abdominal aortic segment not covered was not ideal, and the inner diameter of the abdominal aorta tended to increase. Therefore, close follow-up monitoring should be conducted.

Background and Objectives: Submucosal nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a rare type, which is usually difficult to obtain tissue samples. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic yield and safety of a new technique of endonasopharyngeal ultrasound-guided transnasopharyngeal needle aspiration (ENUS-TNNA) for submucosal NPC. Subjects and Methods: This was a retrospective study. Between March 2018 and September 2019, 11 patients with submucosal nasopharyngeal neoplasms detected with previously computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging underwent ENUS-TNNA. All patients had cytological evaluation by smears and tissue evaluation of aspiration specimens. Mean and rate. Results: There were seven males and four females, with ages ranging from 33 to 77 years. Needle puncture biopsies were successfully performed in all cases, and sufficient tissue sample for histopathological examination was obtained from each of the 11 patients. Of the 11 patients, nine of these patients were diagnosed using ENUS-TNNA without on-site cytology assistance, false negative in two cases. The sensitivity of the ENUS-TNNA technique in diagnosing submucosal NPC was 81.82%. In the absence of any major complications, the procedure was uneventful. Conclusions: ENUS-TNNA is a safe and effective method to provide a pathological diagnosis of submucosal growth type of nasopharyngeal neoplasms, which has a great clinical value.

This paper had selected watermifoil (Myriophyllum veticillatum Linn.), softstem bulrush (Scirpus validus Vahl) and yellow-flowered iris (Iris wilsonii), in showing the water purification through different configuration. AFIs with different combination of aquatic plants were set up to purify the water quality for 50 days. This paper aimed to evaluate chemical and vegetative characteristics of each type of plant and also to find configuration of aquatic plants to maximize the contaminants removal efficiency by artificial floating island (AFI). The result indicated that the trophic waterbody promote the growth of plants and all of the AFIs have the ability to purify water and reduce contaminants. However, the most effective way is by combination of these three aquatic plants which has strong capacity to remove COD, NO3-, total nitrogen, total phosphorous and improve pH levels. Watermifoil (Myriophyllum verticillatum Linn.) is better than yellow-flowered iris (Iris wilsonii) and softstem bulrush (Scirpus validus Vahl) in disposing water pollutants.

This paper was analyzed the hydration properties of cement mixed with different amounts of high titanium slag, focuses on the hydration products, and sulfate attack. By the way of single-doped and composite-doped, it was studied the sulfate attack in the cases of different proportions of the cement, cured in sodium sulfate solution, and compared with curing conditions of water. The results show that high titanium slag will not adversely affect the types of hydration products in cement; the degressive peak value of C-H in hydration products changes with the increased amount of high titanium slag mixed, which would weaken the attack by sodium sulfate solutions are presented in this paper; the way of compositely mixing a certain amount of other admixtures (furnace slag, fly ash and limestone) not only does not reduce the mechanical properties of cement, but also improves its performance on sulfate attack, according to the intensity changes of cement, the decrease of total porosity, and the changing of pore structure.

Essential oil form Myrica rubra root was investigated for their chemical compositions and antimicrobial activities against foodbone pathogens. Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) for the compound identification was used. Antimicrobial activities for the essential oil against 5 food borne pathogens were carried out by disc diffusion, microdilution agar plate and bioautography methods. Principal components of the essential oil were 5-hydroxycalamenene (74.66 %) and phytol (7.74%). This essential oil was particularly effective against Bacillus cereus and Listeria monocytogenes with minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) 0.004% and 0.03%(v/v), respectively. Interestingly, the antimicrobial activities of the root oil apparently were mainly correlated with its 5-hydroxycalamenene content. Given that this product has high antimicrobial activity, it might have food preservative potentials.

Polyethylene glycol-400 was used as phase transfer catalyst in reaction of dichloropyridine and sodium thiomethoxide to form 2-methylthiopyridine with a yield of 97.8%. Then 2-methylthiopyridine and sodium hypochlorite were added respectively to oxidize and bromize it to synthesis 2-Pyridyl tribromomethyl sulfone, with the purity of 99.6% and yield of 93.3%. Mass ratio of dichloropyridine versus polyethylene glycol-400 is 1:0.18, and molar ratio of dichloropyridine versus sodium thiomethoxide is 1:1.2. The optimum conditions to prepare sodium hypochlorite are a temperature at-5 to 0 °C, a molar ratio of bromine versus sodium hydroxide being 1:4. Proved optimum conditions to synthesis 2-pyridyl tribromomethyl sulfone are a temperature at (80±1)°C, reaction time for 5 hours and the molar ratio of 2-methylthiopyridine versus bromine being 1:6.58. Probable mechanism of synthetizing 2-methylthiopyridine was speculated, properties with structure of resultant substances were characterized by melting point apparatus, IR spectra and magnetic resonance spectrum.

1,1-Bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropane was synthesized by reaction dibromoneopentyl glycol with zinc powder at mole ratio of nDG:nzinc=1:1.05 and 80oC (slightly reflux) for 7 hours. Under optimal conditions, yield and purity of the title compound were 87.3% and 98.67%, respectively. Dibromoneopentyl glycol was also prepared in 91.7% yield with pentaerythritol and hydrobromic acid as material and diethyl sulfate as catalyst under reflux for 10 hours. Structural characterization of 1,1-bis(hydroxymethyl)cyclopropane was conducted by IR and H-NMR.

O-nitrotoluene is condensed with N, N-dimethylformamide dimethyl acetals in the presence of piperidine and DMF to yield trans-β-dimethylamino-2-nitrostyrene which undergoes hydrolysis in the 18% HCl aqueous solution to obtain o-nitrophenylacetaldehyde with yield of 83% and purity of 98.1% respectively.

2,2-Dithiobis(pyridine-N-oxide) (1) was prepared by reacting 2-pyridinethiol-N-oxide (2) and hydrogen peroxide-urea adduct (3) at the molar ratio of 1:1.25 and 45oC for 1.75h in high yield and purity of 91.6% and 99.6% respectively. The structures of product were characterized by IR, NMR.

In order to study the process of drilling carbon fiber reinforced plastics and aluminum alloy laminated composite, a simulation on drilling is conducted by using FEM analysis software ABAQUS, the finite element model of carbon fiber composite material finite element model is established. The dynamic simulation of the drilling process of carbon fiber reinforced plastics is carry on, which based on the elastic-plastic theory of material deformation and the thermal coupling theory, obtaining continuous drilling force and torque data. The influence of material and parameters on drilling and drilling technology on drilling process are deeply analyzed, obtain relationship about material and feed rate and drilling force and torque. The result of the research provides the support for further study of high speed drilling mechanism of carbon fiber reinforced plastics.

The tensile test to the fiberglass geogrid had been carried on, in the normal temperature, the low temperature, the water immersion, the freezing and the freeze-thaw cycle and so on conditions. The results indicated, the fiberglass geogrid had achieved saturated after been immersed 12h, the water absorption was about 20%, the tensile strength reduced approximately 80%; the tensile strength was dropped slightly on the next freezing test and the freeze-thaw cycle test. So it could be stated that the fiberglass geogrid had the good low temperature performance. Then the interlaminar shearing test had been conducted in the different temperature to the composite structure in which the fiberglass geogrid was laid or not. The result showed that the interlaminar shearing strength had weaken about 20% when laid down the fiberglass geogrid, and along with temperature drop, the shearing strength increased gradually. This research provide the reference for used the fiberglass geogrid correctly in the cold region, had great practical value.

Androgen and androgen receptor (AR) play important roles in male spermatogenesis and fertility, yet detailed androgen/AR signals in Sertoli cells remain unclear. To identify AR target genes in Sertoli cells, we analyzed the gene expression profiles of testis between mice lacking AR in Sertoli cells (S-AR(-/y)) and their littermate wild-type (WT) mice. Digital gene expression analysis identified 2276 genes downregulated and 2865 genes upregulated in the S-AR(-/y) mice testis compared to WT ones. To further nail down the difference within Sertoli cells, we first constructed Sertoli cell line TM4 with stably transfected AR (named as TM4/AR) and found androgens failed to transactivate AR in Sertoli TM4 and TM4/AR cells. Interestingly, additional transient transfection of AR-cDNA resulted in significant androgen responsiveness with TM4/AR cells showing 10 times more androgen sensitivity than TM4 cells. In the condition where maximal androgen response was demonstrated, we then analyzed gene expression and found the expression levels of 2313 genes were changed more than twofold by transient transfection of AR-cDNA in the presence of testosterone. Among these genes, 603 androgen-/AR-regulated genes, including 164 upregulated and 439 downregulated, were found in both S-AR(-/y) mice testis and TM4/AR cells. Using informatics analysis, the gene ontology was applied to analyze these androgen-/AR-regulated genes to predict the potential roles of androgen/AR in the process of spermatogenesis. Together, using gene analysis in both S-AR(-/y) mice testis and TM4/AR cells may help us to better understand the androgen/AR signals in Sertoli cells and their influences in spermatogenesis.

In order to discover the typical process route (TPR) in the Computer Aided Process Planning (CAPP) database, Hierarchical Clustering algorithm is adopted. A mathematics model based on the data matrix was built to describe the process route (PR). On the base of the operation code, the distance between operations, between the PRs, between clusters were measured to evaluate the PR similarity. Then, the PR clusters were eventually merged by the hierarchical clustering algorithm. Three methods are listed to confirm the clustering granularity that determines the clustering result. This TPR discovery method is successfully applied to discover the axle sleeves’ TPR.

Estimating soil moisture conveniently and exactly is a hot issues in water resource monitoring among agriculture and forestry. Estimating soil moisture based on vegetation index has been recognized and applied widely. 8 vegetation indexes were figured out based on the hyper-spectral data measured by portable spectrometer. The higher correlation indexes among 8 vegetation indexes and surface vegetation temperature were selected by Gray Relative Analysis method (GRA). Then, these selected indexes were analyzed using Multiple Linear Regression to establish soil moisture estimation model based on multiple vegetation indexes, and the model accuracy was evaluated. The accuracy evaluation indicated that the fitting was satisfied and the significance was 0.000 (P0.001). High correlation was turned out between estimated and measured soil moisture with R2 reached 0.636 1 and RMSE 2.149 9. This method introduced multiple vegetation indexes into soil water content estimating over micro scale by non-contact measuring method using portable spectrometer. The exact estimation could be an appropriate replacement for remote sensing inversion and direct measurement. The model could estimate soil moisture quickly and accurately, and provide theory and technology reference for water resource management in agriculture and forestry.

The title coordination polymer, {[Cu2(C6H15N2O)2(C10H8N2)](ClO4)2}n, was synthesized from 4,4′-bipyridine, N-hydroxypropyl-1,3-propanediamine and copper(II) per­chlorate. Structural analysis shows that each copper ion is coordinated by the 4,4′-bipyridine mol­ecule through one N atom, and by two N-hydroxypropyl-1,3-propanediamine ligands through the O atom and two N atoms of one, and the O atom from the second, giving a distorted square-pyramidal geometry. There are centres of inversion at the mid-points of the Cu2O2 ring and the bridging ligand.

The title dinuclear copper complex, [{Cu(C5H15N3)(H2O)}2(C10H8N2)](ClO4)4, has a crystallographically imposed inversion centre. Each CuII atom is coordinated by four N atoms [Cu—N = 2.001 (4)–2.037 (4) A] and one water mol­ecule [Cu—O = 2.373 (3) A] in a slightly distorted square-pyramidal geometry.

To investigate the characteristics of acute poisonings caused by various poisons in Guangxi, China.A retrospective investigation was performed in 5859 cases of acute poisonings who were admitted to 63 hospitals in 11 cities, as well as 531 types of poisons involved. The poisons were categorized into 6 groups; each group of cases was stratified by the rural or urban settings, frequency of poisoning, and cause of poisoning to analyze the numbers of cases and constituent ratios.Most types of poisons (68.74%) belonged to drugs (217 types) and pesticides (148 types). Most cases of poisonings (61.63%) were caused by pesticides (n = 2547) and chemicals (n = 1064). Pesticides, poisons of plant origins, and poisons of animal origins were responsible for most of the cases in rural settings; 88.46%, 79.10%, and 66.74% of the cases of these poison categories happened in rural settings. Chemicals, drugs, and other poisons were responsible for most of the cases in urban settings; 70.20%, 61.74%, and 63.73% of the cases of these poison categories happened in urban settings. The numbers of cases in 5-year-poisoning groups were the highest in all categories of poisons, accounting for 85.24%, 88.57%, 55.16%, 70.79%, 68.36%, and 66.44%of cases of respective categories. Most cases of poisonings by chemicals, poisons of animal origin, and other poisons were accident-related (86.24%, 72.66%, and 46.71%of the poison categories). Most cases of poisonings by pesticides and drugs were suicide-related (59.39% and 33.52% of the poison categories). Most cases by poisons of plant origin were caused by accidental ingestion (70.36% of the poison category).Most of the acute poisonings in Guangxi area are caused by pesticides and chemicals; the most common causes of poisoning are accidents, accidental ingestion, and suicide. There are significant differences in the causes of acute poisonings between the urban and rural settings.

To investigate the toxin characteristics of toxins in patients of acute poisoning in the Guangxi area.A retrospective study was conducted. The data of acute poisoning cases and the causative toxins collected from 63 hospitals of Guangxi, including 36 city hospitals, 12 county hospitals, and 15 township health centers from January 2005 to December 2009 were collected. The data were descriptively analyzed and classified by year.A total of 6005 cases with acute poisoning induced by 532 kinds of poisons were enrolled. The 532 kinds of toxin were classified by high-occurrence (producing poisoning for 5 continuous years), low-occurrence (leading to poisoning for 2-4 continuous years) and newly occurred categories (leading to poisoning only in 1 year). The numbers of poisons of these 3 categories accounted for 10.15% (54 kinds), 29.70% (158 kinds), 60.15% (320 kinds) of total number of poisons, respectively. There were 4688 (78.07%), 780 (12.99%), and 537 (8.94%) cases for each category respectively. And the poisoning cases of each toxin involved from 8 to 837, 2 to 25, and 1 to 69 cases respectively. 77.78% (42/54) of high-occurrence poisons affect more than 20 cases, and 89.87% (142/158), 98.75% (316/320) of low-occurrence and new-occurrence poisons involved less than 10 cases. In the dynamic analyses for 5 years, frequency of toxin caused by high-occurrence, low-occurrence and newly occurred poisons in 5 years were 5 times, 2.6 times, and 1 time, respectively. The number of poisons caused by the high-occurrence toxin each year were same, but the average-annual growth rates of poison numbers caused by the low-occurrence and new-occurrence poisons each year were 17.61% and 20.10%. The average-annual growth rates of poisoning cases caused by the 3 categories of poisons were 14.08%, 16.53%, 31.96%, and the average-annual growth rates of poisoning cases caused by each categories were 10.28%, 1.13%, 11.45%, respectively.In the high-occurrence category, the poison species was least, the poisoning cases were most, the variety of the affected cases by each poison was largest, and the case involved by each toxin was increased by year. But in the newly occurred category, the poison constituent ratio was largest, but the poisoning population was the least, the disparity of each poison was least, and the toxin increased and the population affected each year were elevated. The characteristics of low-occurrence poison were between high-occurrence poison and newly occurred poison.

To explore the feasibility, safety and clinical application value of minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE).Clinical data of 160 patients undergoing minimally invasive approach in the West China Hospital of Sichuan University between February 2008 and December 2011 were analyzed retrospectively.There were 140 males and 20 females with a mean age of 59.6 years. Approaches to esophagectomy were thoracoscopic and laparoscopic esophagectomy (n=139), thoracoscopic and mediastinoscopic esophagectomy (n=3), laparoscopic-assisted Ivor Lewis resection (n=15), thoraco-laparoscopic Ivor Lewis resection (n=3). The mean operative time was 364 (range 230-780) min and the mean blood loss was 286.2 (range 20 to 4000) ml. The tumor free resection margins (R0) were completely in 152 cases (95.0%). The mean lymph node harvested was 19.4 (range 6-39). There were 11 (6.9%) cases converted to open operation including 9 thoracotomy and 2 laparotomy. The intraoperative complication rate was 11.3% (18/160). The average length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay was 22.1(range 0 to 430) h and the average length of postoperative hospital stay was 13.1 (range 7-93 d). Postoperative complication occurred in 34.4% of patients. The 30-day mortality was 1.2% (2/160) and the overall mortality was 2.5% (4/160).MIE is technically feasible and safe for the treatment of esophageal carcinoma, which provides good or even better outcomes than open approach.

Modeling techniques are indispensable for the researches on the carbon cycle of forest ecosystem. In this paper, a new general simulation system FORCASS (FORest CArbon Simulation System) was designed and developed under Simulink environment, with the objectives of modeling the carbon cycle dynamics of forest ecosystems. A comprehensive analysis on the framework, design solution, and development process showed that the FORCASS was feasible. This simulation system had the characteristics of 1) it divided the carbon storage in forest ecosystem into four compartments, i.e., vegetation, litter, soil, and animal, and took into account the carbon flows between the compartments, possessing high mechanism and easily to be comprehended, 2) it was a process-based system, taking the Richards growth function of vegetation component biomass carbon storage as the input to solve difference equations, and was easily to export the outputs such as net primary productivity (NPP) and net ecosystem productivity (NEP) at different stand ages, and 3) it had the explicit expansibility because it was developed based on a general framework for carbon cycle patterns.

To investigate the mechanisms of taurine (Tau) preventive effect on neurotoxicity induced by manganese (Mn) in rat's prefrontal cortex.SD rats were divided into four groups after one week of observation: normal control:the group animals received daily intraperitoneal (ip.) injections of sterile saline for 3 months; Mn treated group (Mn): rats received ip. injection of MnCl(2).4H(2)O once a day for 3 months; Tau preventive group (Mn + Tau): The Mn level of this group were the same as Mn's, the Tau level 200 mg/kg, three times per week, for 3 months; Tau treated group (Mn--Tau): After received the daily injection of Mn as Mn group for 3 months, the rats received Tau three times per week for 3 months. The dose of Mn and Tau were the same as above. The experiment lasted 6 months.(1) Mn induced apoptosis of neurons in rat's prefrontal cortex. The ratio of apoptosis of neurons in the Mn treated group [(20.0 +/- 4.3)%] was higher than that of the control group [(1.8 +/- 2.1)%] (P0.05) and the ratio of apoptosis in Tau preventive group (Mn + Tau) was lower than that of the Mn treated group (P0.05). (2) The production of MDA in Mn treated group was higher than the control group (P0.05) and the activity of SOD was lower than that in the control group. In Tau preventive group (Mn + Tau), Tau increased the activity of SOD and decreased the production of the MDA, with the significant difference level compared to the Mn treated group (P0.05).Mn induces apoptosis in rat's prefrontal cortex neurons. The main mechanisms of Tau preventing cytotoxicity against Mn is the reduction of the oxidative stress in prefrontal cortex neurons.

To assess the therapeutic effect of garlicin on Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) of immunosuppressed rats.The Wistar rats were injected intramuscularly continually with dexamethasone for eight weeks to establish the rat model of PCP. The rats were treated with garlicin, meanwhile control groups without treatment and with SMZ-TMP treatment were established respectively in PCP model. The efficacy was evaluated based on the lung weight, lung/body weight ratio and mean cyst number per 100 fields in lung print smear.The mean lung weight of the rats in garlicin is 1.73 +/- 0.17, lung/body weight ratio is 0.84 +/- 0.12, they are obvious lower than 2.31 +/- 0.35 and 1.25 +/- 0.35 of control (P0.01). The numbers of cysts in lung print smear is reduced 62.9% compared with control. The results is similar to that with SMZ-TMP.Garlicin shows an obvious therapeutic effect on Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in rats with an efficacy similar to that with SMZ-TMP.

The title Schiff base compound, C12H17NO3, synthesized by the reaction of paeonol and isopropanolamine in absolute methanol, crystallizes in a zwitterionic form. All non-H atoms, except for the 2-hydroxy­propyl group, are approximately coplanar. The mol­ecules are linked to each other by intermolecular hydrogen bonds.

In the crystal structure of the title compound, [Cu(ClO4)(C22H17ClN2)(C6H18N4)]ClO4, the CuII ion assumes a distorted octa­hedral coordination geometry.

In the title Schiff base complex, [ZnCl2(C10H12NO2)2], the ZnII ion is in a distorted tetra­hedral ZnO2Cl2 coordination environment.

The title centrosymmetric dinuclear ZnII complex, [Zn2(C9H22N3O)2](ClO4)2, is centrosymmetric and comprises two Zn atoms bridged by O atoms from two 1-[bis­(3-amino­prop­yl)amino]propan-2-olate ligands. Each Zn atom is five-coordinate with a distorted trigonal–bipyramidal coordination geometry; the Zn⋯Zn distance is 3.102 (2) A.

In the title compound, [Mn(C(12)H(9)O(2))(2)(C(7)H(6)N(2))(2)]·H(2)O, the Mn(II) ion is located on a twofold rotation axis and six-coordinated, displaying a distorted MnN(2)O(4) octa-hedral geometry. The crystal packing is stabilized by N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, which give rise to a one-dimensional structure along [001], and π-π inter-actions between the imidazole rings and between the benzene rings of the 2-(naphthalen-1-yl)acetate ligands [centroid-centroid distances = 3.761 (3) and 3.728 (4) Å]. The contribution of the electron density associated with the disordered water molecules was not considerd in the final structure model.