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Abstract Congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a genetic heart disorder, which may lead to life-threatening arrhythmias, especially in children. Here, we reported two children who were initially misdiagnosed with epilepsy and experienced Torsades de Pointes (TdP) cardiac electrical storm (ES). Through whole exome sequencing (WES), we identified two Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 (KCHN2) mutations (c.1841 C > T and c.1838 C > T) respectively in a 6-year-old boy and a 13-year-old girl. Clinical data indicated that the QT interval was significantly prolonged, the T-wave pattern of chest V5-V6 leads and limb leads were inverted. Our study suggests that patients with epilepsy, especially those refractory epilepsy with atypical features, need comprehensive evaluation of cardiovascular function. KCNH2 mutation in pore region, QT interval prolongation and T wave inversion are high risk factors for ES. For LQT2 patients with ES, Nadolol and left cardiac sympathetic denervation are indicated, sometimes with an ICD.

Roses (Rosa rugosa) are a famous flower with high ornamental and economic value. But the petals of roses are usually pink and purple, which restricted its application in garden settings. Flavonols and anthocyanins are crucial secondary metabolites related to flower pigmentation in plants. While MYB transcription factors involved in the biosynthesis pathway of anthocyanins have been identified in roses, the functional characterization of the MYB transcription factor regulating flavonol synthesis in R. rugosa remains unexplored. In this study, we isolated and characterized the R2R3-MYB transcription factors RrMYB12 and RrMYB111 involved in regulation of the flavonol biosynthetic pathway from R. rugosa. The bioinformatics analysis indicated that both the RrMYB12 and RrMYB111 belong to the R2R3-MYB subgroup 7 family. qRT-PCR analysis showed that RrMYB12 and RrMYB111 were expressed at low levels in roots and flowers. And transactivation activity assay indicated that RrMYB12 and RrMYB111 were transcriptional activators. The overexpression of RrMYB12 and RrMYB111 in tobacco resulted in an elevation of flavonol levels and a reduction in anthocyanin levels in flowers due to the upregulation of structural genes involved in flavonol synthesis, while the biosynthesis genes for the anthocyanin pathway were significantly downregulated. The transient reporter assay demonstrated that RrMYB12 exhibited strong activation of the promoters of RrCHS and RrFLS in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves following transient transformation. Furthermore, it was observed that RrMYBs displayed binding specificity to the promoter region of CsFLS.The functional characterization of the flavonol synthesis regulatory factors RrMYB12 and RrMYB111 offers a deeper understanding of the regulatory mechanism governing flavonol biosynthesis in roses, while also presenting an effective tool for genetic manipulation aimed at creating new varieties.

GABAergic signaling in the brain plays a key role in regulating synaptic transmission, neuronal excitability, and cognitive processes. Large-scale sequencing has revealed the diminished expression of GABA-related genes in Alzheimer's disease (AD), however, it is largely unclear about the epigenetic mechanisms that dysregulate the transcription of these genes in AD. We confirmed that GABA synthesizing enzymes, GAD1 and GAD2, were significantly downregulated in prefrontal cortex (PFC) of AD human postmortem tissues. A tauopathy mouse model also had the significantly reduced expression of GABA-related genes, as well as the diminished GABAergic synaptic transmission in PFC pyramidal neurons. To elevate endogenous Gad1 levels, we used the CRISPR/Cas9-based epigenome editing technology to recruit histone acetyltransferase p300 to Gad1. Cells transfected with a fusion protein consisting of the nuclease-null dCas9 protein and the catalytic core of p300 (dCas9p300), as well as a guide RNA targeting Gad1 promoter (gRNAGad1), had significantly increased Gad1 mRNA expression and histone acetylation at Gad1 promoter. Furthermore, the tauopathy mouse model with PFC injection of dCas9p300 and gRNAGad1 lentiviruses had significantly elevated GABAergic synaptic currents and improved spatial memory. These results have provided an epigenetic editing-based gene-targeting strategy to restore synaptic inhibition and cognitive function in AD and related disorders.

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the correlation between persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence and alterations in cystatin C levels pre‐ and post‐radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA). Methods This study encompassed 114 patients diagnosed with persistent AF. Their serum cystatin C levels were assessed both prior to and 3 months after undergoing an RFCA procedure. The variance in cystatin C levels before and after RFCA is represented as ΔCystatin C. Subsequently, we compared these values between two groups: patients who did not experience a recurrence of AF (n = 79) and those who did experience a recurrence (n = 35). Results A significant reduction in cystatin C levels post‐RFCA in both groups, with a more pronounced decrease observed in the non‐recurrence group. Moreover, the recurrence group exhibited larger left atrial diameter and volume before RFCA compared to the non‐recurrence group. Cox regression analysis indicated that smaller reductions in serum cystatin C levels and greater left atrial volumes before RFCA were associated with an increased risk of recurrence, after adjusting for covariates. The receiver operating characteristic curve indicated an elevated probability of clinical recurrence of AF post‐RFCA in patients with a cystatin C decline 0.08 mg/L exhibited significantly higher rates of remaining free from recurrence following RFCA across a 24‐month follow‐up period (Log‐rank test p = 0.003). Conclusions Alterations in ΔCystatin C levels pre and post‐RFCA in the initial phase could independently predict the recurrence of AF.

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a prevalent hemorrhagic cerebrovascular emergency. Alleviating neurological damage in the early stages of ICH is critical for enhancing patient prognosis and survival rate. A novel form of cell death called ferroptosis is intimately linked to hemorrhage-induced brain tissue injury. Although studies have demonstrated the significant preventive impact of bovine serum albumin-stabilized selenium nanoparticles (BSA-SeNPs) against disorders connected to the neurological system, the neuroprotective effect on the hemorrhage stroke and the mechanism remain unknown. Therefore, based on the favorable biocompatibility of BSA-SeNPs, h-ICH (hippocampus-intracerebral hemorrhage) model was constructed to perform BSA-SeNPs therapy. As expected, these BSA-SeNPs could effectively improve the cognitive deficits and ameliorate the damage of hippocampal neuron. Furthermore, BSA-SeNPs reverse the morphology of mitochondria and enhanced the mitochondrial function, evidenced by mitochondrial respiration function (OCR) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Mechanistically, BSA-SeNPs could efficiently activate the Nrf2 to enhance the expression of antioxidant GPX4 at mRNA and protein levels, and further inhibit lipid peroxidation production in erastin-induced ferroptotic damages. Taken together, this study not only sheds light on the clinical application of BSA-SeNPs, but also provides its newly theoretical support for the strategy of the intervention and treatment of neurological impairment following ICH.

The light-converting agricultural film is a new high-end functional film that can convert ultraviolet light and yellow-green light, which is harmful or useless to plant photosynthesis, into red-orange light or blue-violet light required for photosynthesis. The potential advantages of light-converting agricultural film in efficiently utilizing solar energy and improving crop yield have attracted more and more attention from researchers and agricultural enterprises.The light-converting function is realized by adding a light-converting agent to the agricultural film. Therefore, the preparation of light-converting agents with excellent performance is the core of the development and utilization of light-converting agricultural films. The paper firstly summarizes the key research and development in the field of agricultural light-converting films in china. Then this paper summarizes the classification of light-converting agents, research progress, and preparation methods. Finally, this paper predicts the future development trend of light-converting agricultural films, in order to provide a reference for the research and development of stable and efficient light-converting agricultural films.

Objective: This study involved evaluating the efficacy of the Feijinsheng formula in the therapeutic management of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: We extracted the medical records of patients with advanced NSCLC undergoing treatment in the oncology department at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University from the medical record system. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, clinical data of 150 patients were collected. The patients were stratified into two groups based on their usage of the Feijinsheng formula, comprising 69 cases in the Exposed group and 81 cases in the Control group. A comparative analysis of the survival time difference between the two groups was conducted. Results: The data between the two groups exhibited similarity (p > 0.05). Following treatment, the Exposed group demonstrated a notably prolonged overall survival time compared to the Control group (p 0.05). Conclusion: The Feijinsheng formula extended the duration of survival of patients with advanced NSCLC.

IntroductionPollinating flower-consuming mutualisms are considered exemplary models for studying coevolution due to their rarity. Visual cues are considered to have a major role in facilitating the evolution of floral patterns in these systems. We present a new specialized pollinating flower-consuming mutualism from the plant Wurfbainia villosa, which is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, by a pollinating weevil, Xenysmoderes sp.MethodsIn this study, We utilized monochrome plates for binary-choice tests to determine weevil color preferences, conducted behavioral choice experiments, using trackballs, photographed flowers and weevils, and employed blue sticky boards to attract weevils in the field.ResultsTests were conducted using colorpreferring weevils in both indoor and outdoor field systems, and validation experiments were performed. Behavioral tests were conducted to investigate the role of the visual cues in the pollinator attraction of W. villosa, which is a selfcompatible insect-pollinated plant that relies primarily on the Xenysmoderes sp. weevil for pollination due to its specialized gynandrium-like structure. Behavioral tests demonstrated that a blue color wavelength of 480 nm and the blue color system, as along with the UV-style pattern of the flowers, particularly the parts with specialized gynandrium-like structures in the labellum, were significantly attractive to both male and female weevils. These results were further confirmed through the field blue sticky board trap method.DiscussionThese findings indicated that the interaction between W. villosa and Xenysmoderes sp. weevil was a novel symbiotic relationship involving pollinator flower consumption. Additionally, Wurfbainia villosa flowers developed specific visual cues of UV patterns and specialized structures that played a crucial role in attracting pollinators.

The Linxing area within the Ordos Basin exhibits pronounced reservoir heterogeneity and intricate micro-pore structures, rendering it susceptible to water-blocking damage during imbibition extraction. This study delved into the traits of tight sandstone reservoirs in the 8th member of the Shihezi Formation (also referred to as the He 8 Member) in the study area, as well as their effects on fracturing fluid imbibition. Utilizing experimental techniques such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), high-pressure mercury intrusion (HPMI), and gas adsorption, this study elucidated the reservoir characteristics and examined the factors affecting the imbibition through imbibition experiments. The findings reveal that: ① The reservoir, with average porosity of 8.40% and average permeability of 0.642 × 10−3 μm2, consists principally of quartz, feldspar, and lithic fragments, with feldspathic litharenite serving as the primary rock type and illite as the chief clay mineral; ② Nano-scale micro-pores and throats dominate the reservoir, with dissolution pores and intercrystalline pores serving as predominant pore types, exhibiting relatively high pore connectivity; ③ Imbibition efficiency is influenced by petrophysical properties, clay mineral content, and microscopic pore structure. Due to the heterogeneity of the tight sandstone reservoir, microscopic factors have a more significant impact on the imbibition efficiency of fracturing fluids; ④ A comparative analysis shows that average pore size correlates most strongly with imbibition efficiency, followed by petrophysical properties and clay mineral content. In contrast, the pore type has minimal impact. Micropores are vital in the imbibition process, while meso-pores and macro-pores offer primary spaces for imbibition. This study offers theoretical insights and guidance for enhancing the post-fracturing production of tight sandstone reservoirs by examining the effects of these factors on the imbibition efficiency of fracturing fluids in tight sandstones.

Abstract The Devonian tectonic setting is still controversial in the Proto‒Tethyan North Qilian belt. The Hexi Corridor of the North Qilian belt occupies a key position in constraining the tectonic evolution of the Proto‒Tethyan Ocean and the growth of the Asian continent. Turbidites, as an important component of the Jiayuguan mélange in the Hexi Corridor, consist of conglomerate, pebbly sandstone, sandstone, siltstone, calcareous mudstone, and chert that feature typical Bouma sequences of Ba, Bc, Bcd, Babc and/or Bab. They are strongly deformed into NW‒trending folds with NE‒ and SW‒inclined thrust faults. Detrital zircon U‒Pb dating results demonstrate that these sediments successively young to the southwest with maximum depositional ages (MDA) ranging from 560 Ma to 411 Ma, indicating that the youngest block was deposited after 411 Ma. Petrological, geochemical and detrital zircon U‒Pb age data indicate the sedimentary rocks provenanced from weak weathering, recycling, and multiple mixing sources, and that the dominant source was the Andean‒type Alxa arc. Together with the published data, we suggest that double‒sided subduction of the North Qilian Ocean (Proto‒Tethyan Ocean) occurred between the North Qilian arc and the Andean‒type Alxa arc during the early Devonian.

AbstractWhether Barbella flagellifera (Cardot) Nog. belongs to Neodicladiella has not yet been determined, and a study of the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of B. flagellifera would aid in determining its evolutionary position. In this study, we aimed to sequence the complete cp genome of B. flagellifera, an epiphytic species found in tropical and subtropical forests. The complete cp genome is 125,025 base pairs (bp) long and appears as a typical quadrilateral structure with a large single-copy (86,854 bp), a small single-copy (18,473 bp), and a pair of inverted repeats (19,698 bp). The overall GC content of the sequence is 41.0% and the genome encodes 127 genes, including 82 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNAs, and eight rRNAs. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that B. flagellifera clustered into a clade with other Hypnales groups with high bootstrap support. The complete cp genome presented here will provide helpful information for species identification of Barbella genus and Neodicladiella genus in Meteoriaceae.

The effects of cold rolling deformation on microstructure, texture, and formability of Al–Mg–Si–Zn alloy were systematically investigated using OM, SEM, TEM, XRD, and tensile tests. The results indicated that the effect of cold rolling deformation on the recrystallized microstructure and texture of the sheets mainly depended on the differences in dislocation structure and texture distribution. With the increase of cold rolling deformation, the dislocation structure gradually changed from a mixture of density dislocation walls and microbands to a lamellar bands structure, the large-angle boundary gradually increased, and the size of dislocation cells gradually decreased, which indicated a gradual increase of the stored deformation energy. In addition, the deformation texture increased gradually with the raise of cold rolling deformation. After T4P treatment, the recrystallized grain size gradually reduced with the increase of cold rolling deformation. The main recrystallization textures in the sheets with 41 % and 55 % deformation were Cube {001} and CubeRD {310} textures, respectively. The CubeND {001} texture was predominantly present in the sheets with 69 % and 82 % deformation, meanwhile some P {011} texture was also observed in the sheets with 82 % deformation. It was found that the dislocation structure and deformation texture distribution formed in the sheet with 82 % cold rolling deformation contributed to smaller recrystallized grains and weaker P texture after solution heat treatment, which enhanced the average plastic strain ratio r value and improved the formability.

Aiming at the uncertainty problem in the current evaluation of synthetic brigade equipment maintenance support capability, a cloud model-based evaluation method for synthetic brigade equipment support capability is constructed. Based on five aspects of command and control, maintenance preparation, establishment of field emergency repair institutions, equipment rescue and equipment emergency repair, the evaluation index system of synthetic brigade equipment maintenance support capability is constructed. The combination of analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and entropy weight method is used to determine the weights of evaluation indicators, avoiding the one-sidedness of weight calculation. By establishing evaluation standard cloud, evaluation index cloud and calculating comprehensive evaluation cloud, the evaluation level is determined, and the feasibility of the evaluation method is verified by an example, and the effective evaluation of the maintenance support capability of synthetic brigade equipment is realized.

Abstract Despite the abundance and ubiquity of viruses in terrestrial ecosystems, the roles of soil viruses in ecosystem functions and plant diseases remain understudied. Here, we used 42 pairs of bulk soil and rhizosphere samples collected from cotton fields with different Verticillium dahliae infection conditions to investigate the responses of soil viruses to soilborne fungal pathogen infections. We found that V. dahliae infection significantly impacted the characteristics of rhizosphere viral community but not bulk soil community. In addition, our results revealed that unlike current knowledge of the impacts of plant pathogens on soil bacterial and fungal communities, the soil viral community demonstrated a lower viral network vulnerability to infection. Importantly, we provided evidence that soil viruses are a potentially important component of the pathobiome of plant disease which may help pathogen invasion and promote disease symptoms. Our study highlights distinct response of viral community and has implications for future plant disease management and agricultural productivity.

The tribological performance of PFPE oil and the Ti:WS2/PFPE composite lubricating system with different oil amounts was investigated under a proton radiation (PR) irradiation environment. After PR irradiation, PFPE molecules occurred during cross-linking and a polymerization reaction and formed a volatile small molecular compound, which deteriorates the tribological performance of the Ti:WS2/PFPE system. The tribological properties of the Ti:WS2/PFPE system rely strongly on oil amount. For an unirradiated Ti:WS2/PFPE system, the amorphous layer of transfer film near the sliding contact area was converted into a well-defined crystalline WS2 layer with a (002) plane induced by the friction process. After PR irradiation, the transfer film became thicker and showed a wholly amorphous structure due to the difficulty in preventing the entrance of O and showed no reorientation with induced friction.