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1. How individuals cope with anger- and sadness-induced narrative misinformation on social media: roles of transportation and correction

Author

Zhao Xinyan, Shaw Jessica, and Ma Zexin

Subjects
narrative misinformation, emotions, anger, sadness, transportation, coping, Communication. Mass media, P87-96
Abstract

The spread of health conspiracies and misinformation online threatens public health as most Americans choose to acquire health information online. This study examines how discrete emotions like anger and sadness influence individuals’ responses to narrative-based health misinformation, proposing a theoretical model of narrative misinformation coping and exploring the mechanisms through which these emotions affect risk perception and misinformation coping.

Published
2024
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2. Cenozoic tectonic-thermal history reconstruction of the Qinnan Depression, Bohai Basin

Author

GAO Yufei, TANG Xiaoyin, YANG Shuchun, ZHAO Xinyan, and HU Shengbiao

Subjects
bohai basin, qinnan depression, structure subsidence, thermal history, cainozoic, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract

Objective Tectono-thermal history is important to understand basin evolution and its geodynamic mechanism and is the key question to be solved for source rock maturation study. With the increasing energy demand and difficulty in oil and gas discovery on land, sea basins have gradually become an important alternative for oil and gas exploration and a hotspot of national energy strategy research. The Qinnan Depression, located in the northwest of the Bohai Sea, has good exploration prospects. However, owing to the low level of exploration, research on the tectono-thermal evolution of Qinnan Depression is still limited. Methods In this study, 25 artificial wells have been established based on 3 seismic profiles of the Qinnan Depression, and their tectonic subsidence and thermal history have been modeled to reconstruct the tectonic-thermal evolution history using a multi-stage finite stretching model. Results The results indicate that since the Cenozoic era, the Qinnan Depression has undergone three stages of rifting and stretching during the sedimentary periods of the Kongdian Formation to fourth member of the Shahejie Formation (65–42 Ma), the third member of the Shahejie Formation (42–38 Ma), and the third member of the Dongying Formation (32.8–30.3 Ma), with a total stretching factor of 1.27–2.05. Corresponding to the three stages of stretching, the basal heat flow of the Qinnan Depression has experienced three stages of increase, reaching a peak of 64.0–89.0 mW/m2 at the end of the deposition of the third member of the Dongying Formation (~30.3 Ma), and then decreased gradually until present. Conclusion The Qinnan Depression underwent three phases of heating and two stages of cooling since the Cenozoic period. There is a good coupling relationship between the tectonic-thermal evolution process and fault activity in the Qinnan Depression. Significance The parameters such as tension system and basement heat flow history obtained in this study are of great significance for understanding the deep dynamic mechanisms of basin tectonic evolution and guiding oil and gas exploration.

Published
2024
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3. FANTAstic SEquences and Where to Find Them: Faithful and Efficient API Call Generation through State-tracked Constrained Decoding and Reranking

Author

Wang, Zhuoer, Ribeiro, Leonardo F. R., Papangelis, Alexandros, Mukherjee, Rohan, Wang, Tzu-Yen, Zhao, Xinyan, Biswas, Arijit, Caverlee, James, and Metallinou, Angeliki

Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language
Abstract

API call generation is the cornerstone of large language models' tool-using ability that provides access to the larger world. However, existing supervised and in-context learning approaches suffer from high training costs, poor data efficiency, and generated API calls that can be unfaithful to the API documentation and the user's request. To address these limitations, we propose an output-side optimization approach called FANTASE. Two of the unique contributions of FANTASE are its State-Tracked Constrained Decoding (SCD) and Reranking components. SCD dynamically incorporates appropriate API constraints in the form of Token Search Trie for efficient and guaranteed generation faithfulness with respect to the API documentation. The Reranking component efficiently brings in the supervised signal by leveraging a lightweight model as the discriminator to rerank the beam-searched candidate generations of the large language model. We demonstrate the superior performance of FANTASE in API call generation accuracy, inference efficiency, and context efficiency with DSTC8 and API Bank datasets.

Published
2024

4. TikTok Engagement Traces Over Time and Health Risky Behaviors: Combining Data Linkage and Computational Methods

Author

Zhao, Xinyan and Wong, Chau-Wai

Subjects
Computer Science - Computers and Society, Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction
Abstract

Digital technologies and social algorithms are revolutionizing the media landscape, altering how we select and consume health information. Extending the selectivity paradigm with research on social media engagement, the convergence perspective, and algorithmic impact, this study investigates how individuals' liked TikTok videos on various health-risk topics are associated with their vaping and drinking behaviors. Methodologically, we relied on data linkage to objectively measure selective engagement on social media, which involves combining survey self-reports with digital traces from TikTok interactions for the consented respondents (n = 166). A computational analysis of 13,724 health-related videos liked by these respondents from 2020 to 2023 was conducted. Our findings indicate that users who initially liked drinking-related content on TikTok are inclined to favor more of such videos over time, with their likes on smoking, drinking, and fruit and vegetable videos influencing their self-reported vaping and drinking behaviors. Our study highlights the methodological value of combining digital traces, computational analysis, and self-reported data for a more objective examination of social media consumption and engagement, as well as a more ecologically valid understanding of social media's behavioral impact., Comment: 12 pages. Under review

Published
2024

5. Tailoring Generative AI Chatbots for Multiethnic Communities in Disaster Preparedness Communication: Extending the CASA Paradigm

Author

Zhao, Xinyan, Sun, Yuan, Liu, Wenlin, and Wong, Chau-Wai

Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction, 68U15
Abstract

This study is among the first to develop different prototypes of generative AI (GenAI) chatbots powered by GPT 4 to communicate hurricane preparedness information to diverse residents. Drawing from the Computers Are Social Actors (CASA) paradigm and the literature on disaster vulnerability and cultural tailoring, this study conducted a between-subjects experiment with 441 Black, Hispanic, and Caucasian residents of Florida. A computational analysis of chat logs (N = 7,848) shows that anthropomorphism and personalization are key communication topics in GenAI chatbot-user interactions. SEM results (N = 441) suggest that GenAI chatbots varying in tone formality and cultural tailoring significantly predict bot perceptions and, subsequently, hurricane preparedness outcomes. These results highlight the potential of using GenAI chatbots to improve diverse communities' disaster preparedness., Comment: 21 pages

Published
2024

7. Potential Trade Rules and Policies of the Sustainable Development Club

Author

Zhao, Xinyan, Bäumler, Jelena, Series Editor, Binder, Christina, Series Editor, Bungenberg, Marc, Series Editor, Krajewski, Markus, Series Editor, Rühl, Giesela, Series Editor, Tams, Christian J., Series Editor, Terhechte, Jörg Philipp, Series Editor, Ziegler, Andreas R., Series Editor, Crämer, Judith, Assistant Editor, von Bogdandy, Armin, Advisory Editor, Cottier, Thomas, Advisory Editor, Footer, Mary, Advisory Editor, Griller, Stefan, Advisory Editor, Hatje, Armin, Advisory Editor, Herrmann, Christoph, Advisory Editor, Hilf, Meinhard, Advisory Editor, Hsu, Locknie, Advisory Editor, Kovacic, William E., Advisory Editor, Marceau, Gabrielle, Advisory Editor, Petersmann, Ernst-Ulrich, Advisory Editor, Ruiz Fabri, Hélène, Advisory Editor, Simma, Bruno, Advisory Editor, Streinz, Rudolf, Advisory Editor, Voon, Tania, Advisory Editor, and Zhao, Xinyan

Published
2025
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8. Conclusion

Author

Zhao, Xinyan, Bäumler, Jelena, Series Editor, Binder, Christina, Series Editor, Bungenberg, Marc, Series Editor, Krajewski, Markus, Series Editor, Rühl, Giesela, Series Editor, Tams, Christian J., Series Editor, Terhechte, Jörg Philipp, Series Editor, Ziegler, Andreas R., Series Editor, Crämer, Judith, Assistant Editor, von Bogdandy, Armin, Advisory Editor, Cottier, Thomas, Advisory Editor, Footer, Mary, Advisory Editor, Griller, Stefan, Advisory Editor, Hatje, Armin, Advisory Editor, Herrmann, Christoph, Advisory Editor, Hilf, Meinhard, Advisory Editor, Hsu, Locknie, Advisory Editor, Kovacic, William E., Advisory Editor, Marceau, Gabrielle, Advisory Editor, Petersmann, Ernst-Ulrich, Advisory Editor, Ruiz Fabri, Hélène, Advisory Editor, Simma, Bruno, Advisory Editor, Streinz, Rudolf, Advisory Editor, Voon, Tania, Advisory Editor, and Zhao, Xinyan

Published
2025
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9. The Lack of Trade-Related Sustainable Development Commitments in WTO Law

Author

Zhao, Xinyan, Bäumler, Jelena, Series Editor, Binder, Christina, Series Editor, Bungenberg, Marc, Series Editor, Krajewski, Markus, Series Editor, Rühl, Giesela, Series Editor, Tams, Christian J., Series Editor, Terhechte, Jörg Philipp, Series Editor, Ziegler, Andreas R., Series Editor, Crämer, Judith, Assistant Editor, von Bogdandy, Armin, Advisory Editor, Cottier, Thomas, Advisory Editor, Footer, Mary, Advisory Editor, Griller, Stefan, Advisory Editor, Hatje, Armin, Advisory Editor, Herrmann, Christoph, Advisory Editor, Hilf, Meinhard, Advisory Editor, Hsu, Locknie, Advisory Editor, Kovacic, William E., Advisory Editor, Marceau, Gabrielle, Advisory Editor, Petersmann, Ernst-Ulrich, Advisory Editor, Ruiz Fabri, Hélène, Advisory Editor, Simma, Bruno, Advisory Editor, Streinz, Rudolf, Advisory Editor, Voon, Tania, Advisory Editor, and Zhao, Xinyan

Published
2025
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10. Progress in Embedding Sustainability into WTO Rules

Author

Zhao, Xinyan, Bäumler, Jelena, Series Editor, Binder, Christina, Series Editor, Bungenberg, Marc, Series Editor, Krajewski, Markus, Series Editor, Rühl, Giesela, Series Editor, Tams, Christian J., Series Editor, Terhechte, Jörg Philipp, Series Editor, Ziegler, Andreas R., Series Editor, Crämer, Judith, Assistant Editor, von Bogdandy, Armin, Advisory Editor, Cottier, Thomas, Advisory Editor, Footer, Mary, Advisory Editor, Griller, Stefan, Advisory Editor, Hatje, Armin, Advisory Editor, Herrmann, Christoph, Advisory Editor, Hilf, Meinhard, Advisory Editor, Hsu, Locknie, Advisory Editor, Kovacic, William E., Advisory Editor, Marceau, Gabrielle, Advisory Editor, Petersmann, Ernst-Ulrich, Advisory Editor, Ruiz Fabri, Hélène, Advisory Editor, Simma, Bruno, Advisory Editor, Streinz, Rudolf, Advisory Editor, Voon, Tania, Advisory Editor, and Zhao, Xinyan

Published
2025
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11. The Sustainable Development Club: A Practical Approach

Author

Zhao, Xinyan, Bäumler, Jelena, Series Editor, Binder, Christina, Series Editor, Bungenberg, Marc, Series Editor, Krajewski, Markus, Series Editor, Rühl, Giesela, Series Editor, Tams, Christian J., Series Editor, Terhechte, Jörg Philipp, Series Editor, Ziegler, Andreas R., Series Editor, Crämer, Judith, Assistant Editor, von Bogdandy, Armin, Advisory Editor, Cottier, Thomas, Advisory Editor, Footer, Mary, Advisory Editor, Griller, Stefan, Advisory Editor, Hatje, Armin, Advisory Editor, Herrmann, Christoph, Advisory Editor, Hilf, Meinhard, Advisory Editor, Hsu, Locknie, Advisory Editor, Kovacic, William E., Advisory Editor, Marceau, Gabrielle, Advisory Editor, Petersmann, Ernst-Ulrich, Advisory Editor, Ruiz Fabri, Hélène, Advisory Editor, Simma, Bruno, Advisory Editor, Streinz, Rudolf, Advisory Editor, Voon, Tania, Advisory Editor, and Zhao, Xinyan

Published
2025
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12. Suggestions for the Next Steps

Author

Zhao, Xinyan, Bäumler, Jelena, Series Editor, Binder, Christina, Series Editor, Bungenberg, Marc, Series Editor, Krajewski, Markus, Series Editor, Rühl, Giesela, Series Editor, Tams, Christian J., Series Editor, Terhechte, Jörg Philipp, Series Editor, Ziegler, Andreas R., Series Editor, Crämer, Judith, Assistant Editor, von Bogdandy, Armin, Advisory Editor, Cottier, Thomas, Advisory Editor, Footer, Mary, Advisory Editor, Griller, Stefan, Advisory Editor, Hatje, Armin, Advisory Editor, Herrmann, Christoph, Advisory Editor, Hilf, Meinhard, Advisory Editor, Hsu, Locknie, Advisory Editor, Kovacic, William E., Advisory Editor, Marceau, Gabrielle, Advisory Editor, Petersmann, Ernst-Ulrich, Advisory Editor, Ruiz Fabri, Hélène, Advisory Editor, Simma, Bruno, Advisory Editor, Streinz, Rudolf, Advisory Editor, Voon, Tania, Advisory Editor, and Zhao, Xinyan

Published
2025
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13. Balancing Sustainability Elements

Author

Zhao, Xinyan, Bäumler, Jelena, Series Editor, Binder, Christina, Series Editor, Bungenberg, Marc, Series Editor, Krajewski, Markus, Series Editor, Rühl, Giesela, Series Editor, Tams, Christian J., Series Editor, Terhechte, Jörg Philipp, Series Editor, Ziegler, Andreas R., Series Editor, Crämer, Judith, Assistant Editor, von Bogdandy, Armin, Advisory Editor, Cottier, Thomas, Advisory Editor, Footer, Mary, Advisory Editor, Griller, Stefan, Advisory Editor, Hatje, Armin, Advisory Editor, Herrmann, Christoph, Advisory Editor, Hilf, Meinhard, Advisory Editor, Hsu, Locknie, Advisory Editor, Kovacic, William E., Advisory Editor, Marceau, Gabrielle, Advisory Editor, Petersmann, Ernst-Ulrich, Advisory Editor, Ruiz Fabri, Hélène, Advisory Editor, Simma, Bruno, Advisory Editor, Streinz, Rudolf, Advisory Editor, Voon, Tania, Advisory Editor, and Zhao, Xinyan

Published
2025
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14. The Constitutionalisation of the WTO: An Ideal Methodology

Author

Zhao, Xinyan, Bäumler, Jelena, Series Editor, Binder, Christina, Series Editor, Bungenberg, Marc, Series Editor, Krajewski, Markus, Series Editor, Rühl, Giesela, Series Editor, Tams, Christian J., Series Editor, Terhechte, Jörg Philipp, Series Editor, Ziegler, Andreas R., Series Editor, Crämer, Judith, Assistant Editor, von Bogdandy, Armin, Advisory Editor, Cottier, Thomas, Advisory Editor, Footer, Mary, Advisory Editor, Griller, Stefan, Advisory Editor, Hatje, Armin, Advisory Editor, Herrmann, Christoph, Advisory Editor, Hilf, Meinhard, Advisory Editor, Hsu, Locknie, Advisory Editor, Kovacic, William E., Advisory Editor, Marceau, Gabrielle, Advisory Editor, Petersmann, Ernst-Ulrich, Advisory Editor, Ruiz Fabri, Hélène, Advisory Editor, Simma, Bruno, Advisory Editor, Streinz, Rudolf, Advisory Editor, Voon, Tania, Advisory Editor, and Zhao, Xinyan

Published
2025
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15. Introduction

Author

Zhao, Xinyan, Bäumler, Jelena, Series Editor, Binder, Christina, Series Editor, Bungenberg, Marc, Series Editor, Krajewski, Markus, Series Editor, Rühl, Giesela, Series Editor, Tams, Christian J., Series Editor, Terhechte, Jörg Philipp, Series Editor, Ziegler, Andreas R., Series Editor, Crämer, Judith, Assistant Editor, von Bogdandy, Armin, Advisory Editor, Cottier, Thomas, Advisory Editor, Footer, Mary, Advisory Editor, Griller, Stefan, Advisory Editor, Hatje, Armin, Advisory Editor, Herrmann, Christoph, Advisory Editor, Hilf, Meinhard, Advisory Editor, Hsu, Locknie, Advisory Editor, Kovacic, William E., Advisory Editor, Marceau, Gabrielle, Advisory Editor, Petersmann, Ernst-Ulrich, Advisory Editor, Ruiz Fabri, Hélène, Advisory Editor, Simma, Bruno, Advisory Editor, Streinz, Rudolf, Advisory Editor, Voon, Tania, Advisory Editor, and Zhao, Xinyan

Published
2025
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16. WTO Law’s Constraints on National Regulation

Author

Zhao, Xinyan, Bäumler, Jelena, Series Editor, Binder, Christina, Series Editor, Bungenberg, Marc, Series Editor, Krajewski, Markus, Series Editor, Rühl, Giesela, Series Editor, Tams, Christian J., Series Editor, Terhechte, Jörg Philipp, Series Editor, Ziegler, Andreas R., Series Editor, Crämer, Judith, Assistant Editor, von Bogdandy, Armin, Advisory Editor, Cottier, Thomas, Advisory Editor, Footer, Mary, Advisory Editor, Griller, Stefan, Advisory Editor, Hatje, Armin, Advisory Editor, Herrmann, Christoph, Advisory Editor, Hilf, Meinhard, Advisory Editor, Hsu, Locknie, Advisory Editor, Kovacic, William E., Advisory Editor, Marceau, Gabrielle, Advisory Editor, Petersmann, Ernst-Ulrich, Advisory Editor, Ruiz Fabri, Hélène, Advisory Editor, Simma, Bruno, Advisory Editor, Streinz, Rudolf, Advisory Editor, Voon, Tania, Advisory Editor, and Zhao, Xinyan

Published
2025
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17. The Sustainability Test

Author

Zhao, Xinyan, Bäumler, Jelena, Series Editor, Binder, Christina, Series Editor, Bungenberg, Marc, Series Editor, Krajewski, Markus, Series Editor, Rühl, Giesela, Series Editor, Tams, Christian J., Series Editor, Terhechte, Jörg Philipp, Series Editor, Ziegler, Andreas R., Series Editor, Crämer, Judith, Assistant Editor, von Bogdandy, Armin, Advisory Editor, Cottier, Thomas, Advisory Editor, Footer, Mary, Advisory Editor, Griller, Stefan, Advisory Editor, Hatje, Armin, Advisory Editor, Herrmann, Christoph, Advisory Editor, Hilf, Meinhard, Advisory Editor, Hsu, Locknie, Advisory Editor, Kovacic, William E., Advisory Editor, Marceau, Gabrielle, Advisory Editor, Petersmann, Ernst-Ulrich, Advisory Editor, Ruiz Fabri, Hélène, Advisory Editor, Simma, Bruno, Advisory Editor, Streinz, Rudolf, Advisory Editor, Voon, Tania, Advisory Editor, and Zhao, Xinyan

Published
2025
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18. Printing photovoltaics by electrospray

Author

Zhao Xinyan and Deng Weiwei

Subjects
photovoltaics, electrospray, solution process, polymer solar cells, perovskite solar cells, dye sensitized solar cells, Optics. Light, QC350-467
Abstract

Solution processible photovoltaics (PV) are poised to play an important role in scalable manufacturing of low-cost solar cells. Electrospray is uniquely suited for fabricating PVs due to its several desirable characteristics of an ideal manufacturing process such as compatibility with roll-to-roll production processes, tunability and uniformity of droplet size, capability of operating at atmospheric pressure, and negligible material waste and nano structures. This review begins with an introduction of the fundamentals and unique properties of electrospray. We put emphasis on the evaporation time and residence time that jointly affect the deposition outcome. Then we review the efforts of electrospray printing polymer solar cells, perovskite solar cells, and dye sensitized solar cells. Collectively, these results demonstrate the advantages of electrospray for solution processed PV. Electrospray has also exhibited the capability of producing uniform films as well as nanostructured and even multiscale films. So far, the electrospray has been found to improve active layer morphology, and create devices with efficiencies comparable with that of spin-coating. Finally, we discuss challenges and research opportunities that enable electrospray to become a mainstream technique for industrial scale production.

Published
2020
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20. Multi-User MultiWOZ: Task-Oriented Dialogues among Multiple Users

Author

Jo, Yohan, Zhao, Xinyan, Biswas, Arijit, Basiou, Nikoletta, Auvray, Vincent, Malandrakis, Nikolaos, Metallinou, Angeliki, and Potamianos, Alexandros

Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language
Abstract

While most task-oriented dialogues assume conversations between the agent and one user at a time, dialogue systems are increasingly expected to communicate with multiple users simultaneously who make decisions collaboratively. To facilitate development of such systems, we release the Multi-User MultiWOZ dataset: task-oriented dialogues among two users and one agent. To collect this dataset, each user utterance from MultiWOZ 2.2 was replaced with a small chat between two users that is semantically and pragmatically consistent with the original user utterance, thus resulting in the same dialogue state and system response. These dialogues reflect interesting dynamics of collaborative decision-making in task-oriented scenarios, e.g., social chatter and deliberation. Supported by this data, we propose the novel task of multi-user contextual query rewriting: to rewrite a task-oriented chat between two users as a concise task-oriented query that retains only task-relevant information and that is directly consumable by the dialogue system. We demonstrate that in multi-user dialogues, using predicted rewrites substantially improves dialogue state tracking without modifying existing dialogue systems that are trained for single-user dialogues. Further, this method surpasses training a medium-sized model directly on multi-user dialogues and generalizes to unseen domains., Comment: To Appear in EMNLP-Findings 2023

Published
2023

31. Sustainable Public Procurement: A Knight Guarding the Global Green Recovery in the Post-Pandemic Era?

Author

Zhao, Xinyan, Bäumler, Jelena, Series Editor, Binder, Christina, Series Editor, Bungenberg, Marc, Series Editor, Krajewski, Markus, Series Editor, Rühl, Giesela, Series Editor, Tams, Christian J., Series Editor, Terhechte, Jörg Philipp, Series Editor, Ziegler, Andreas R., Series Editor, Crämer, Judith, Assistant Editor, von Bogdandy, Armin, Advisory Editor, Cottier, Thomas, Advisory Editor, Footer, Mary, Advisory Editor, Griller, Stefan, Advisory Editor, Hatje, Armin, Advisory Editor, Herrmann, Christoph, Advisory Editor, Hilf, Meinhard, Advisory Editor, Hsu, Locknie, Advisory Editor, Kovacic, William E., Advisory Editor, Marceau, Gabrielle, Advisory Editor, Petersmann, Ernst-Ulrich, Advisory Editor, Ruiz Fabri, Hélène, Advisory Editor, Simma, Bruno, Advisory Editor, Streinz, Rudolf, Advisory Editor, and Voon, Tania, Advisory Editor

Published
2024
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32. UAV Autonomous Landing Pose Estimation Using Monocular Vision Based on Cooperative Identification and Scene Reconstruction

Author

Zhao, Xinyan, Ma, Lin, Qin, Danyang, Angrisani, Leopoldo, Series Editor, Arteaga, Marco, Series Editor, Chakraborty, Samarjit, Series Editor, Chen, Jiming, Series Editor, Chen, Shanben, Series Editor, Chen, Tan Kay, Series Editor, Dillmann, Rüdiger, Series Editor, Duan, Haibin, Series Editor, Ferrari, Gianluigi, Series Editor, Ferre, Manuel, Series Editor, Jabbari, Faryar, Series Editor, Jia, Limin, Series Editor, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Khamis, Alaa, Series Editor, Kroeger, Torsten, Series Editor, Li, Yong, Series Editor, Liang, Qilian, Series Editor, Martín, Ferran, Series Editor, Ming, Tan Cher, Series Editor, Minker, Wolfgang, Series Editor, Misra, Pradeep, Series Editor, Mukhopadhyay, Subhas, Series Editor, Ning, Cun-Zheng, Series Editor, Nishida, Toyoaki, Series Editor, Oneto, Luca, Series Editor, Panigrahi, Bijaya Ketan, Series Editor, Pascucci, Federica, Series Editor, Qin, Yong, Series Editor, Seng, Gan Woon, Series Editor, Speidel, Joachim, Series Editor, Veiga, Germano, Series Editor, Wu, Haitao, Series Editor, Zamboni, Walter, Series Editor, Zhang, Junjie James, Series Editor, Tan, Kay Chen, Series Editor, Wang, Wei, editor, Liu, Xin, editor, Na, Zhenyu, editor, and Zhang, Baoju, editor

Published
2024
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34. PharmMT: A Neural Machine Translation Approach to Simplify Prescription Directions

Author

Li, Jiazhao, Lester, Corey, Zhao, Xinyan, Ding, Yuting, Jiang, Yun, and Vydiswaran, V. G. Vinod

Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract

The language used by physicians and health professionals in prescription directions includes medical jargon and implicit directives and causes much confusion among patients. Human intervention to simplify the language at the pharmacies may introduce additional errors that can lead to potentially severe health outcomes. We propose a novel machine translation-based approach, PharmMT, to automatically and reliably simplify prescription directions into patient-friendly language, thereby significantly reducing pharmacist workload. We evaluate the proposed approach over a dataset consisting of over 530K prescriptions obtained from a large mail-order pharmacy. The end-to-end system achieves a BLEU score of 60.27 against the reference directions generated by pharmacists, a 39.6% relative improvement over the rule-based normalization. Pharmacists judged 94.3% of the simplified directions as usable as-is or with minimal changes. This work demonstrates the feasibility of a machine translation-based tool for simplifying prescription directions in real-life., Comment: Findings of EMNLP '20 Camera Ready

Published
2022
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37. UniDS: A Unified Dialogue System for Chit-Chat and Task-oriented Dialogues

Author

Zhao, Xinyan, He, Bin, Wang, Yasheng, Li, Yitong, Mi, Fei, Liu, Yajiao, Jiang, Xin, Liu, Qun, and Chen, Huanhuan

Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language
Abstract

With the advances in deep learning, tremendous progress has been made with chit-chat dialogue systems and task-oriented dialogue systems. However, these two systems are often tackled separately in current methods. To achieve more natural interaction with humans, a dialogue agent needs to be capable of both chatting and accomplishing tasks. To this end, we propose a unified dialogue system (UniDS) with the two aforementioned skills. In particular, we design a unified dialogue data schema, compatible for both chit-chat and task-oriented dialogues, and we train UniDS with mixed dialogue data from a pretrained chit-chat dialogue model. Without adding extra parameters to SOTA baselines, UniDS can alternatively handle chit-chat and task-oriented dialogues in a unified framework. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed UniDS works comparably well as the pure chit-chat system, and it outperforms state-of-the-art task-oriented dialogue systems. More importantly, UniDS achieves better robustness as it is able to smoothly switch between two types of dialogues. These results demonstrate the feasibility and potential of building an one-for-all dialogue system.

Published
2021

41. Impact of the Kasai Procedure and the Length of Native Liver Survival Time on Outcomes of Liver Transplantation for Biliary Atresia

Author

Liu, Liwei, Wei, Lin, Qu, Wei, Liu, Ying, Zeng, Zhigui, Zhang, Haiming, Li, Min, Liu, Jimin, Wang, Hanlin L, Li, Kexin, He, Yafei, Jia, Jidong, Sun, Liying, Zhao, Xinyan, and Zhu, Zhijun

Subjects
Digestive Diseases, Perinatal Period - Conditions Originating in Perinatal Period, Pediatric, Chronic Liver Disease and Cirrhosis, Transplantation, Clinical Research, Organ Transplantation, Liver Disease, Oral and gastrointestinal, Good Health and Well Being, Biliary Atresia, Humans, Infant, Liver Failure, Liver Transplantation, Portoenterostomy, Hepatic, Retrospective Studies, Treatment Outcome, Clinical Sciences, Surgery
Abstract

The aim is to explore the impact of the Kasai procedure (KP) and the length of native liver survival time (NLST) on outcomes of liver transplantation (LT). Patients with biliary atresia (BA), who underwent LT in Beijing Friendship Hospital from January 2017 to December 2019, were enrolled and divided into non-KP (N-KP) and post-KP (P-KP) groups. The patients in the P-KP group were further divided into early failure (KP-EF) defined by NLST 5 years) subgroups. Clinical data at baseline and during follow-up were collected. The inverse probability of treatment weighting method was used to evaluate the independent effect of KP and the length of NLST on clinical outcomes. Among 197 patients with BA, the N-KP group accounted for 43 (21.8%), KP-EF 71 (46.1%), KP-MF 59 (38.3%), and KP-LF 24 (15.6%) cases, respectively. The N-KP and KP-EF groups had significantly longer hospitalization and intensive care unit stays after LT. Graft and overall survival rates were 93.0% in the N-KP group and 97.4% in P-KP group, respectively. The mortality rate in the P-KP group were significantly lower compared with that of the N-KP group with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.2 (P = 0.02). The risks of biliary and vascular complications and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection after LT were significantly higher in KP-EF group than those in the KP-MF and KP-LF groups (HRs = 0.09, 0.2, and 0.3, respectively; all P

Published
2022

42. GLaRA: Graph-based Labeling Rule Augmentation for Weakly Supervised Named Entity Recognition

Author

Zhao, Xinyan, Ding, Haibo, and Feng, Zhe

Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language
Abstract

Instead of using expensive manual annotations, researchers have proposed to train named entity recognition (NER) systems using heuristic labeling rules. However, devising labeling rules is challenging because it often requires a considerable amount of manual effort and domain expertise. To alleviate this problem, we propose \textsc{GLaRA}, a graph-based labeling rule augmentation framework, to learn new labeling rules from unlabeled data. We first create a graph with nodes representing candidate rules extracted from unlabeled data. Then, we design a new graph neural network to augment labeling rules by exploring the semantic relations between rules. We finally apply the augmented rules on unlabeled data to generate weak labels and train a NER model using the weakly labeled data. We evaluate our method on three NER datasets and find that we can achieve an average improvement of +20\% F1 score over the best baseline when given a small set of seed rules., Comment: Accepted at EACL 2021

Published
2021

43. Toward Effective Automated Content Analysis via Crowdsourcing

Author

Wu, Jiele, Wong, Chau-Wai, Zhao, Xinyan, and Liu, Xianpeng

Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Information Retrieval, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Many computer scientists use the aggregated answers of online workers to represent ground truth. Prior work has shown that aggregation methods such as majority voting are effective for measuring relatively objective features. For subjective features such as semantic connotation, online workers, known for optimizing their hourly earnings, tend to deteriorate in the quality of their responses as they work longer. In this paper, we aim to address this issue by proposing a quality-aware semantic data annotation system. We observe that with timely feedback on workers' performance quantified by quality scores, better informed online workers can maintain the quality of their labeling throughout an extended period of time. We validate the effectiveness of the proposed annotation system through i) evaluating performance based on an expert-labeled dataset, and ii) demonstrating machine learning tasks that can lead to consistent learning behavior with 70%-80% accuracy. Our results suggest that with our system, researchers can collect high-quality answers of subjective semantic features at a large scale., Comment: Corrected minor typos. Camera-ready version for the 2021 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME)

Published
2021

44. The WTO Panel Report on US-Safeguard Measure on PV Products: A Decisive Victory for the Fight Against Climate Change?

Author

Zhao, Xinyan, Bäumler, Jelena, Series Editor, Binder, Christina, Series Editor, Bungenberg, Marc, Series Editor, Krajewski, Markus, Series Editor, Rühl, Giesela, Series Editor, Tams, Christian J., Series Editor, Terhechte, Jörg Philipp, Series Editor, Ziegler, Andreas R., Series Editor, Crämer, Judith, Assistant Editor, von Bogdandy, Armin, Advisory Editor, Cottier, Thomas, Advisory Editor, Footer, Mary, Advisory Editor, Griller, Stefan, Advisory Editor, Hatje, Armin, Advisory Editor, Herrmann, Christoph, Advisory Editor, Hilf, Meinhard, Advisory Editor, Hsu, Locknie, Advisory Editor, Kovacic, William E., Advisory Editor, Marceau, Gabrielle, Advisory Editor, Petersmann, Ernst-Ulrich, Advisory Editor, Ruiz Fabri, Hélène, Advisory Editor, Simma, Bruno, Advisory Editor, Streinz, Rudolf, Advisory Editor, and Voon, Tania, Advisory Editor

Published
2023
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45. Regression of Liver Fibrosis in Patients on Hepatitis B Therapy Is Associated With Decreased Liver-Related Events

Author

Sun, Yameng, Chen, Wei, Chen, Shuyan, Wu, Xiaoning, Zhang, Xinxin, Zhang, Lingyi, Zhao, Hong, Xu, Mingyi, Chen, Yongpeng, Piao, Hongxin, Li, Ping, Li, Lei, Jiang, Wei, Li, Xiaodong, Xing, Huichun, Liu, Xudong, Zhang, Yuxi, Wang, Bingqiong, Zhou, Jialing, Meng, Tongtong, Zhao, Xinyan, Shao, Chen, Kong, Yuanyuan, Zhao, Xinyu, Ou, Xiaojuan, Liu, Chenghai, Jia, Jidong, and You, Hong

Published
2024
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